Dr. Vibhuti Patel, Professor and Head, University Department of Economics

SNDT Women’s University Churchgate, Mumbai-400020

Phone-91-022-26770227 Mobile-9321040048

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Women Related Issues in Gender Budgeting for Urban Local Self Government Bodies

The 73rd and 74th amendments in the Indian constitution in 1994. PRI Legislation

1 million WERs in Panchayati Raj Institutions The 9th 5 Years Plan(1997-2002)-WCP to

ensure that not less than 30% of development sectors funds and benefits flow to women.

Goals-Good Governance, transparency, efficiency, social audit and accountability

GR to 34 ministries to submit gender audit of allocation and actual expenditure on women.

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The Accounts Superintendent tables statement for income and expenditure in December. Also gives estimates of income and expenditure for the financial year end.

Response from Municipal commissioner, president of Municipality, and standing committee.

Portion for committed fund can’t be changed by councilors at the time of final approval

Revision of property tax once in 4 years. 3

State & Central government’s Allocation

State and Centrally sponsored schemes

Revenues obtained thro’ local taxes-water, electricity, road, etc.

Funds obtained from the Finance Commissions

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How to enable women to direct economy through designing and constructing fiscal policy?

How to link economic governance to political governance ?

How to enable EWRs to participate in the budget-making efforts ?

Method-Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and Focus Group discussion (FGD)

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Trends of allocation to social sector in the pre (before 1991) and post(after 1991) SAP phase

Income and expenditure of municipalities in Orissa-Profile of PDS and public health

Preparation of checklist according to priorities set by the PRIs

IDEAL BUDGET

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Discussion on Needs of GP identified by EWRs with GOs and NGOs, SHGs

1. Socio-economic Profile of the Municipal Corporation/council/ward

2. Scrutiny of needs-perceived problems

3. Methods to fulfill needs( Labour, land, services)+financial aspects

4. Suitable budgetary allocations-revenues from local sources7

Verify/cross check collected data and results of the surveys/interactive workshops-Vision document

Sub-committees to work out details of different budget heads

Presentation of reports thro’ ERWs to TP, ZP and municipal authorities

Lobbying for reprioritization of allocation to reflect the EWRs.

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Urban Areas

Non-payments of Electricity Bill , property tax

Violation of corporation rules

Garbage disposal, occupational Health

Housing

Hospital

Educational institutions

Public toilets, drainage

Transport facilities

Self Help Groups Administrators Political parties Corporators /councilors NGOs Women in the communitiesTo seek allocation under appropriate

budget heads to identify streams of revenue

Available revenue and the required expenditure

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Increase in tax revenues for road use by vehicle owners alcohol consumption Tobacco consumption Introduce Green TaxesSurcharge, earmarked charge for specific

purpose-Education Cess-2 %, income tax for disaster management, in Maharashtra transport cess at the time of Bangladesh was in 1971, later on diverted to EGS kitty

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How to bridge the gap between notional allocation and actual allocation?

Accounting, auditing and record keeping of gender disaggregated data & allocation

How to achieve physical and performance/ achievement targets

Implementation of maternity benefits, TCP,SCP

Major departments claiming indivisibilities of allocation of resources

Safety of women and children Notional allocation projected as real

allocation Absence of uniform guidelines & procedures

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Special programmes targeting women Differential impact of expenditures across all

sector and services-gender disaggregated impact on literacy, school drop outs, mortality, morbidity, starvation deaths, nutrition, illnesses

Review of equal opportunities, policies and opportunities in the public sector-jobs, school education, wages, health care, skills, technical training, computer education,

one stop crisis centre for survivors of violence Gender sensitisation of ‘law and order’

machinery and governance structures: police, judges, administrators, corporators, political workers

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Targeted 100% to women (DWCD) Pro women schemes(30 % reserved for

women-All anti-poverty programmes) Gender Neutral Schemes meant for

community as a whole(Employment generation programmes)

Residual schemes

34 central ministries to ensure fund flow to women specific and women related schemes

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Shelter homes, short stay homes Rehabilitation schemes for

women survivors of violence Pensions for widows and

destitute womenDirectly benefiting women,

Crisis management of situations arising out of

economic and socio-cultural subordination and

dehumanisation of women

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Education Health Crèche Working women’s hostels Housing Nutrition Water supply Sanitation-toilets, drainage Fuel Fodder

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SHGs-credit, loans to self employed women

Training programmes

Physical infrastructure-transport, energy

Marketing

Safety of women in informal sector-steps against harassment

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State Commission for Women

Women’s cell at the police stations

Awareness generation programmes

Public education on legal safeguards

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State governments must devolve substantive powers, funds, functions, functionaries upon PRIs.

Activities, tasks & responsibilities of GP,TP and ZP-Direct funding from the union Govt. to ZP

Simplifications of programme guidelines by central ministries and departments

Centrally sponsored Schemes must be recast to empower PRIs.

PRIs must get untied funds to formulate plans according to their needs and priorities.

CMP promise-at least 100 days of employment at minimum wages

Measures to make our urban areas safe for women and girls-One stop crisis centre for women survivors of violence 19

Thank you

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