winstanley.pdf

100:00:28,807 --> 00:00:31,807 (Marching army sings BabyIon Is FaIIen)

200:00:38,247 --> 00:00:40,286 BabyIon is faIIen

300:00:40,287 --> 00:00:42,606 Is faIIen, is faIIen

400:00:42,607 --> 00:00:45,607 BabyIon is faIIen to rise no more

500:00:46,967 --> 00:00:49,967 BabyIon is faIIen, is faIIen, is faIIen


700:00:55,927 --> 00:00:58,927 Sound the trumpet in Mount Zion

800:01:00,247 --> 00:01:03,247 Christ is come a second time

900:01:04,687 --> 00:01:07,687 RuIing with a rod of iron

1000:01:09,167 --> 00:01:12,167 AII who now as foes combine

1100:01:13,687 --> 00:01:16,687 BabeI's garments we've rejected

1200:01:18,127 --> 00:01:21,127 And our feIIowship is o'er


1400:01:26,847 --> 00:01:29,847

BabyIon is faIIen to rise no more



1700:01:44,407 --> 00:01:47,407 (Distant orator)

1800:01:51,367 --> 00:01:54,367 (Army shouts response)

1900:01:59,807 --> 00:02:02,807 TROOPS: Praise the Lord!

2000:02:08,807 --> 00:02:11,807 TROOPS: For God and ParIiament!

2100:02:13,087 --> 00:02:16,087 Front ranks, present!

2200:02:19,847 --> 00:02:22,847 PROKOFIEV: AIexander Nevsky

2300:02:44,567 --> 00:02:47,567 (Shouted command)

2400:02:52,647 --> 00:02:55,647 Draw your swords!

2500:03:36,487 --> 00:03:39,487 Peregrinus, expectavi

2600:03:40,127 --> 00:03:43,127 Pedes meos, in cymbaIis

2700:03:43,967 --> 00:03:46,246 Peregrinus

2800:03:46,247 --> 00:03:47,846 Expectavi



3100:03:55,407 --> 00:03:56,806 Pedes meos...

3200:03:56,807 --> 00:03:59,807 (Shouts command)



3500:04:22,047 --> 00:04:23,886 Peregrinus

3600:04:23,887 --> 00:04:25,926 Expectavi


3800:04:56,647 --> 00:04:59,647 The first articIe of the Agreement of the PeopIe.

3900:05:00,007 --> 00:05:03,007 That the people of England, being very unequally distributed

4000:05:03,087 --> 00:05:06,087 for the election of their deputies in Parliament...

41

00:05:10,327 --> 00:05:13,327 (Angry shouting)

4200:05:19,447 --> 00:05:22,447 I wish you wouId not make the worId beIieve we are for anarchy.

4300:05:23,287 --> 00:05:26,287 (Dissenting voices)

4400:05:31,607 --> 00:05:34,607 Show me what difference there is why I may not, by the same right, take your property.

4500:05:36,607 --> 00:05:39,607 (Laughter)

4600:05:43,607 --> 00:05:46,607 I think that the poorest He that is in EngIand

4700:05:47,047 --> 00:05:50,047 has a Iife to Iive as the greatest He.

4800:05:50,247 --> 00:05:53,086 No person has a right to a share in the kingdom

4900:05:53,087 --> 00:05:56,087 that has not a permanent fixed interest in the kingdom.

5000:05:56,367 --> 00:05:58,926 I wonder we soIdiers were so deceived.

5100:05:58,927 --> 00:06:00,486 There are many in my condition.

5200:06:00,487 --> 00:06:02,646 lt maybe little estate they have at present,

5300:06:02,647 --> 00:06:05,647 but they have as much birthright as those two, who are our Iawgivers, as any in this pIace.

5400:06:07,607 --> 00:06:10,607 And now they demand the birthright for which they fought!

5500:06:11,687 --> 00:06:14,687 (Shouts of agreement)

5600:06:18,167 --> 00:06:21,167 Peregrinus

5700:06:22,287 --> 00:06:25,287 Expectavi


5900:06:34,567 --> 00:06:37,567 (Gunfire)

6000:06:42,407 --> 00:06:45,407 Aim!

6100:06:50,127 --> 00:06:53,127 CoIoneI Rich.

6200:06:54,167 --> 00:06:57,167 Remove those papers.

6300:07:12,887 --> 00:07:15,887 Give fire!

6400:07:17,807 --> 00:07:20,807 Recoveryourmuskets!

6500:07:22,447 --> 00:07:25,447 Expectavi

6600:07:28,927 --> 00:07:31,927 Pedes meos

6700:07:34,287 --> 00:07:37,287 In cymbaIis

6800:07:43,167 --> 00:07:44,646 Oh, England,

6900:07:44,647 --> 00:07:47,647 l, Gerrard Winstanley, am one of your sons by freedom,

7000:07:47,727 --> 00:07:50,486 and l do truly love yourpeace

7100:07:50,487 --> 00:07:53,487 but by your cheating sons in the thieving art of buying and selling,

7200:07:54,727 --> 00:07:57,646 l was beaten out ofboth estate and trade in London,

7300:07:57,647 --> 00:08:00,647 and forced to accept the goodwill of my beloved friend William Everard,

7400:08:02,087 --> 00:08:04,126 to live a country life.

7500:08:04,127 --> 00:08:07,127 And there, likewise, by the burden of taxes and much free quarter,

7600:08:07,927 --> 00:08:10,927 my weakback found the burden heavier than l could bear.

7700:08:12,247 --> 00:08:15,247 Yet not a full year since, being quiet at my work,

7800:08:15,367 --> 00:08:18,006 my heart was filled with sweet thoughts,

7900:08:18,007 --> 00:08:21,007 and many things were revealed to me which l never read in books

8000:08:21,447 --> 00:08:24,206 nor heard from the mouth of any flesh.

8100:08:24,207 --> 00:08:27,207 And when l began to speak of them, some people could not bear my words.

8200:08:28,607 --> 00:08:31,366 And amongst those revelations, this was one..

8300:08:31,367 --> 00:08:34,367 That the earth shall be made a common treasury of livelihood to the whole ofmankind,

8400:08:36,047 --> 00:08:37,806 without respect of persons.

8500:08:37,807 --> 00:08:40,807 And l had a voice within me bade me declare it all abroad,

8600:08:40,967 --> 00:08:43,006 which l did obey.

8700:08:43,007 --> 00:08:46,007 Then l was made to write a little book, called The New Law ofRighteousness,

8800:08:46,647 --> 00:08:48,646 and therein l declared it.

8900:08:48,647 --> 00:08:50,686 Yet my mind was not at rest,

9000:08:50,687 --> 00:08:53,206 because nothing was acted

91

00:08:53,207 --> 00:08:56,207 and thoughts ran in me that words and writings were all nothing, and must die,

9200:08:57,567 --> 00:08:59,606 for action is the life of all,

9300:08:59,607 --> 00:09:02,607 and if you do not act, you do nothing.

9400:09:03,247 --> 00:09:05,246 All men have stood for freedom.

9500:09:05,247 --> 00:09:08,247 Plenty of petitions and promises have been made for freedom,

9600:09:08,887 --> 00:09:11,887 and now the common enemy is gone you are all like men in a mist,

9700:09:12,967 --> 00:09:15,967 seeking for freedom, and knowing not where, nor what it is.

9800:09:17,287 --> 00:09:20,287 For freedom is the man that will turn the world upside down.

9900:09:21,407 --> 00:09:24,407 Therefore, no wonder he has enemies.

10000:09:26,687 --> 00:09:29,687 We thank thee for thy Iife, heaIth, peace and food

10100:09:30,007 --> 00:09:32,006 and aII thy gIories given to us.

10200:09:32,007 --> 00:09:35,007 Through Jesus Christ our Lord, Amen.

103

00:09:40,527 --> 00:09:43,527 Good day, Mistress PIatt.

10400:09:44,007 --> 00:09:45,646 Have the chiIdren been fed?

10500:09:45,647 --> 00:09:48,647 Yes, Mistress.

10600:10:09,767 --> 00:10:12,767 (SIurps)

10700:10:38,567 --> 00:10:41,567 Margaret, I am beset with troubIe.

10800:10:43,887 --> 00:10:45,006 Margaret?

10900:10:45,007 --> 00:10:47,006 Yes, John. I'm Iistening.

11000:10:47,007 --> 00:10:50,007 You are not listening, you are reading. And l know what you are reading.

11100:10:50,887 --> 00:10:53,887 What have I done that you are so IittIe wife to me?

11200:11:00,647 --> 00:11:03,647 (Door sIams)

11300:11:13,887 --> 00:11:15,886 The work we are going about is this -

11400:11:15,887 --> 00:11:18,887 to dig up Georges Hill and the waste ground thereabouts,

11500:11:19,207 --> 00:11:22,207 and to sow corn and eat our bread together by the sweat of our brows.

11600:11:24,887 --> 00:11:26,286 And the reason is this..

11700:11:26,287 --> 00:11:28,086 that we may work in righteousness,

11800:11:28,087 --> 00:11:31,087 and lay the foundation of making the earth a common treasury for all,

11900:11:31,687 --> 00:11:33,806 both rich and poor.

12000:11:33,807 --> 00:11:36,807 That everyone that is born in the land maybe fed by the earth, his mother,

12100:11:37,687 --> 00:11:39,166 that brought him forth,

12200:11:39,167 --> 00:11:42,046 according to the reason that rules in the creation.

12300:11:42,047 --> 00:11:45,047 Not enclosing any part into any particular hand,

12400:11:45,287 --> 00:11:47,366 but all as one man,

12500:11:47,367 --> 00:11:50,367 working together and feeding together as sons of one father,

12600:11:51,327 --> 00:11:53,006 members of one family,

12700:12:27,727 --> 00:12:30,006 A sign? A sign of what, pray?

128

00:12:30,007 --> 00:12:31,966 Of God's mercy.

12900:12:31,967 --> 00:12:34,967 Ah. I see, God is mercifuI.

13000:12:35,487 --> 00:12:38,487 Let us pray that the AImighty wiII grant us a better harvest.

13100:12:38,727 --> 00:12:41,727 I doubt that the poor can endure another year of ruin.

13200:12:42,087 --> 00:12:45,087 Are the poor so Iarge in your thoughts, then, Parson?

13300:12:45,327 --> 00:12:48,327 I consider godIiness in poor men a most estimabIe and usefuI quaIity.

13400:12:50,247 --> 00:12:53,247 However, in men of substance, it is more conspicuous.

13500:12:54,407 --> 00:12:57,407 As Iord of the manor and parson, you have much to thank God for.

13600:13:04,927 --> 00:13:07,326 As Luther said, here I stand!

13700:13:07,327 --> 00:13:09,246 This is my fIock!

13800:13:09,247 --> 00:13:11,286 I am ordained.

13900:13:11,287 --> 00:13:14,287 EngIand is infected with a pIague of ignorant, ranting hedge-preachers.

14000:13:16,247 --> 00:13:19,247 You have already seduced ten of my flock from out of my church by your ravings.

14100:13:19,927 --> 00:13:22,927 You unhinge minds aIready rendered weak by poverty and ignorance.

14200:13:23,727 --> 00:13:26,727 Then the fauIt Iies in poverty and ignorance!

14300:13:37,887 --> 00:13:40,887 (Chatter and Iaughter)

14400:15:38,927 --> 00:15:41,926 WOMAN: Mr WinstanIey? I wouId speak with you.

14500:15:41,927 --> 00:15:44,086 If I may be of service.

14600:15:44,087 --> 00:15:47,087 PIease, enter.

14700:15:53,407 --> 00:15:56,407 COACHMAN: Go on! (Horse whinnies)

14800:16:03,047 --> 00:16:05,486 I have read your book.

14900:16:05,487 --> 00:16:08,487 I have read it so often I know it by heart.

15000:16:11,327 --> 00:16:14,327 The voice of God speaks in you, and through you.

15100:16:19,047 --> 00:16:22,047 You cannot conceive the degree of my suffering.

15200:16:31,527 --> 00:16:34,326 There is a favour I must ask of you.

15300:16:34,327 --> 00:16:37,327 One you cannot deny me before God.

15400:16:40,607 --> 00:16:42,606 I shaII join your fIock.

15500:16:42,607 --> 00:16:44,566 I, too, shaII dig.

15600:16:44,567 --> 00:16:47,567 l am with child, but when...

15700:16:48,927 --> 00:16:51,927 Our Iife is hard.

15800:17:43,367 --> 00:17:46,367 (Bird caws)

15900:17:54,807 --> 00:17:57,807 Ssh.

16000:18:12,847 --> 00:18:15,847 (ChiId grizzIes)

16100:18:17,927 --> 00:18:20,927 Friend, is this yours?

16200:18:22,767 --> 00:18:25,767 I'm Gerrard WinstanIey.

16300:18:28,447 --> 00:18:31,447 - You? - Yes. I wrote it.

16400:18:33,447 --> 00:18:36,447 Have you come to join the Diggers?

165

00:18:42,447 --> 00:18:45,447 You are most weIcome.

16600:18:47,527 --> 00:18:50,286 True religion and undefiled is this.

16700:18:50,287 --> 00:18:52,686 To let everyone quietly have earth to manure

16800:18:52,687 --> 00:18:55,687 that they may live in freedom by their labours.

16900:18:56,007 --> 00:18:58,966 Do not all strive to enjoy the land?

17000:18:58,967 --> 00:19:01,967 The gentry strive forland, the clergy strive forland,

17100:19:02,127 --> 00:19:04,646 the common people strive for land.

17200:19:04,647 --> 00:19:06,206 And buying and selling is an art

17300:19:06,207 --> 00:19:09,207 where by people endeavour to cheat one another of the land.

17400:19:10,447 --> 00:19:13,447 Now, ifany can prove from the Law ofRighteousness

17500:19:13,487 --> 00:19:16,487 that the land was made peculiar to him, and his successively,

17600:19:17,487 --> 00:19:20,487 shutting out all others, he shall enjoy it freely, for my part.

17700:19:21,927 --> 00:19:24,526

But l affirm it was made for all,

17800:19:24,527 --> 00:19:27,527 and true religion is to let everyone enjoy it.

17900:19:28,087 --> 00:19:30,126 Therefore, you rulers of England,

18000:19:30,127 --> 00:19:33,127 make restitution of the land which the kingly powerholds from us.

18100:19:34,087 --> 00:19:37,087 Set the oppressed free, and come in and honour Christ,

18200:19:37,887 --> 00:19:39,846 who is the restoring power,

18300:19:39,847 --> 00:19:42,847 and you shall find rest.

18400:19:52,167 --> 00:19:55,167 (Wood chopping)

18500:20:27,927 --> 00:20:30,927 Skin and bone.

18600:20:42,487 --> 00:20:45,487 Come on. We'II find you a house.

18700:20:51,407 --> 00:20:54,326 (Sobs)

18800:20:54,327 --> 00:20:56,686 PIease don't cry.

18900:20:56,687 --> 00:20:59,687 You'II be weII Iooked after now.

19000:21:30,807 --> 00:21:33,807

Aagh!

19100:21:42,567 --> 00:21:45,567 (Laughter)

19200:22:19,767 --> 00:22:22,767 (Curses)

19300:22:43,807 --> 00:22:46,807 (Low chatter in distance)

19400:22:53,447 --> 00:22:56,447 (Bird fIies up)

19500:22:59,767 --> 00:23:02,767 (BattIe cries)

19600:23:03,407 --> 00:23:06,407 (Screaming)

19700:23:19,527 --> 00:23:22,527 (Screams)

19800:24:43,807 --> 00:24:46,807 I have with me a justice ofthe peace.

19900:24:52,127 --> 00:24:55,127 AIthough you have done serious wrong in trespassing on another's Iand, common Iand,

20000:24:57,167 --> 00:24:59,326 ownedby Francis Drake, Esquire,

20100:24:59,327 --> 00:25:02,327 the action taken against you was not in accordance with the Iaw,

20200:25:03,207 --> 00:25:06,207 and consequently, l have no alternative but to release you.

203

00:25:39,287 --> 00:25:42,086 Look! They Iive Iike pigs.

20400:25:42,087 --> 00:25:45,087 (Distant shouting)

20500:26:03,247 --> 00:26:06,247 Look, there.

20600:26:37,247 --> 00:26:40,247 (Piper pIays)

20700:27:01,767 --> 00:27:04,767 - You certainIy do, but I'm not going to teII him. (Laughter)

20800:27:22,967 --> 00:27:25,967 Let us give thanks.

20900:27:47,807 --> 00:27:50,807 (ShriII whistIe)

21000:27:52,527 --> 00:27:55,527 Come on! Hurry!

21100:28:27,687 --> 00:28:29,086 Brothers!

21200:28:29,087 --> 00:28:31,886 Brothers! You are weIcome!

21300:28:31,887 --> 00:28:33,606 You have come to join us.

21400:28:33,607 --> 00:28:36,486 l see it writplainly on yourfaces.

21500:28:36,487 --> 00:28:39,366 - You have come to cast offthe... - Who is Ieader here?

216

00:28:39,367 --> 00:28:40,606 I.

21700:28:40,607 --> 00:28:43,607 This man we acknowIedge as our inspiration.

21800:28:43,927 --> 00:28:46,927 I am here by command of Lord GeneraI Fairfax.

21900:28:48,407 --> 00:28:50,246 You are trespassing.

22000:28:50,247 --> 00:28:53,247 I have a warrant for your dispersaI from the CounciI of State.

22100:28:53,447 --> 00:28:56,447 Trespassing. Trespassing!

22200:28:56,647 --> 00:28:59,647 We, the common peopIe, trespassing on common Iand which we own?

22300:29:01,327 --> 00:29:04,327 Is not the meaning of the word 'common' cIear?

22400:29:04,487 --> 00:29:06,486 It beIongs to aII.

22500:29:06,487 --> 00:29:09,487 But to Mr Francis Drake, in particuIar.

22600:29:10,767 --> 00:29:13,767 Have you and I, the common peopIe of EngIand,

22700:29:14,127 --> 00:29:16,566 fought a bIoody war for nothing?

22800:29:16,567 --> 00:29:19,567 Have we just served one Iot of gentry against another?

22900:29:22,167 --> 00:29:25,167 So, friends, you wouId turn your sword bIades on us -

23000:29:26,167 --> 00:29:29,167 defenceIess men, who fought by your sides in the war.

23100:29:31,767 --> 00:29:34,767 So wouId you cut down poor women and chiIdren?

23200:29:37,687 --> 00:29:40,687 This is madness.

23300:29:40,967 --> 00:29:43,967 Where are your crops?

23400:29:44,207 --> 00:29:47,206 You'II not grow anything here. Not in this dust.

23500:29:47,207 --> 00:29:50,046 Then Iet nature disperse us.

23600:29:50,047 --> 00:29:53,047 We'II come to the GeneraI, Everard and I, and expIain ourseIves to him.

23700:30:08,207 --> 00:30:11,207 (Murmurs of approvaI)

23800:30:47,087 --> 00:30:50,087 Good day, gentIemen.

23900:30:53,527 --> 00:30:56,527 We observe you do not remove your hats in the Lord GeneraI's presence.

24000:30:57,167 --> 00:30:59,486 He is but a feIIow creature.

24100:30:59,487 --> 00:31:02,487 Give honour where honour is due.

24200:31:05,007 --> 00:31:07,166 WouId you kindIy expIain your mission?

24300:31:07,167 --> 00:31:10,167 First we wiII have our hats.

24400:31:12,127 --> 00:31:15,127 To keep our brains warm.

24500:31:15,327 --> 00:31:18,327 HoId your tongue.

24600:31:19,327 --> 00:31:21,726 Our hats.

24700:31:21,727 --> 00:31:24,727 Return their hats.

24800:31:30,967 --> 00:31:33,967 Now, gentIemen, wiII you pIease come to the point?

24900:31:34,887 --> 00:31:37,606 Sir, we vioIate no man.

25000:31:37,607 --> 00:31:40,607 We dig upon the commons in peace.

25100:31:41,247 --> 00:31:44,247 Many IocaI gentIemen and freehoIders have compIained to the CounciI of State

25200:31:45,407 --> 00:31:48,407 that you are tumuItuous, and a danger to the county.

25300:31:49,767 --> 00:31:52,526 You are cIearIy infringing the Iaws

and must disperse.

25400:31:52,527 --> 00:31:55,527 The abomination ofthe Iaw is dead with the King!

25500:31:56,727 --> 00:31:58,766 Divide EngIand into three parts.

25600:31:58,767 --> 00:32:01,767 Scarce one part is manured, so that here is Iand enough to maintain aII her chiIdren.

25700:32:04,487 --> 00:32:07,487 Yet many starve for want, or Iive under a heavy burden aII their Iives.

25800:32:09,447 --> 00:32:12,326 And this misery the poor have brought upon themseIves

25900:32:12,327 --> 00:32:15,327 through Iifting up particuIar interest by their Iabours.

26000:32:19,687 --> 00:32:22,366 Common Iand is for grazing cattIe,

26100:32:22,367 --> 00:32:25,006 not pIoughing.

26200:32:25,007 --> 00:32:28,007 As soon as one man digs, he digs for himself.

26300:32:29,487 --> 00:32:32,206 CattIe, on the other hand, do not discriminate.

26400:32:32,207 --> 00:32:34,846 The Iaw is perfectIy sensibIe.

26500:32:34,847 --> 00:32:37,847 CommunaI Iiving is just an excuse for idIeness.

26600:32:38,287 --> 00:32:41,287 Let a man work on his own behaIf, then he'II work hard enough.

26700:32:42,247 --> 00:32:45,247 But the rich, sir, the Iords and gentry, they do no work.

26800:32:45,767 --> 00:32:47,566 They Iive on rents.

26900:32:47,567 --> 00:32:50,567 But they have to attain their position, damn it, and hoId it.

27000:32:51,927 --> 00:32:54,927 And that requires more skiII than you can Iay cIaim to.

27100:32:54,967 --> 00:32:57,967 Was the earth made to preserve a few covetous and proud men to Iive at ease?

27200:32:59,847 --> 00:33:02,847 To bag and barn up the treasures ofthe earth from others,

27300:33:03,007 --> 00:33:06,007 that these shouId beg and starve in a fruitfuI Iand?

27400:33:09,207 --> 00:33:12,207 So you wouId seize their property and own it for yourseIf?

27500:33:12,887 --> 00:33:15,887 We offer no offence to any, but do carry ourseIves in Iove and peace toward aII,

27600:33:18,527 --> 00:33:21,286 having no intent to meddIe with any man's property,

27700:33:21,287 --> 00:33:24,287 tiII it be freeIy given by themseIves to us.

27800:33:24,727 --> 00:33:27,727 The earth, sirs, was made to be a common treasury for aII.

27900:33:33,127 --> 00:33:35,566 What do you propose to do?

28000:33:35,567 --> 00:33:38,567 To earn our bread by the sweat of our brow.

28100:33:44,247 --> 00:33:46,286 WeII...

28200:33:46,287 --> 00:33:49,287 strive to preserve the peace.

28300:33:50,407 --> 00:33:53,407 That is aII I charge you with.

28400:33:54,727 --> 00:33:56,526 Thank you, sir.

28500:33:56,527 --> 00:33:59,527 And when the Lord thy God shaII deIiver mine enemies before thee,

28600:34:01,287 --> 00:34:04,287 thou shaIt smite them and utterIy destroy them.

28700:34:05,527 --> 00:34:08,527 Thou shaIt make no covenant with them, nor show mercy unto them

28800:34:10,727 --> 00:34:13,526 but thus shaII ye deaI with them.

28900:34:13,527 --> 00:34:16,527

Ye shall destroy their altars and cut down their crops

29000:34:17,527 --> 00:34:20,527 and burn their graven images with fire.

29100:34:20,847 --> 00:34:23,847 For thou art an hoIy peopIe unto the Lord thy God.

29200:34:27,847 --> 00:34:30,847 (Church beIIs)

29300:37:21,287 --> 00:37:24,126 This is not ourbattle.

29400:37:24,127 --> 00:37:27,127 'Tis a battIe for the whoIe of EngIand!

29500:38:05,807 --> 00:38:08,807 - Is it over, then, Tom? - No, they haven't aII fIown.

29600:38:20,407 --> 00:38:23,407 You gentlemen ofSurrey, andyou Parson Platt especially,

29700:38:24,367 --> 00:38:26,406 my advice to you is this..

29800:38:26,407 --> 00:38:29,407 here after to lie still and cherish the Diggers.

29900:38:29,927 --> 00:38:32,927 Forthey love you and would not have your finger to ache if they could help it.

30000:38:33,647 --> 00:38:36,647 Why should you be so bitter against them?

30100:38:36,767 --> 00:38:38,806 Let them live beside you.

30200:38:38,807 --> 00:38:40,646 Some of them have been soldiers

30300:38:40,647 --> 00:38:43,647 and some countrymen that were always friends to the Parliaments cause,

30400:38:44,287 --> 00:38:47,287 by whose hardships and means you enjoy the creatures aboutyou in peace.

30500:38:49,287 --> 00:38:52,287 And will you now destroy part of them that have preserved your lives?

30600:38:53,647 --> 00:38:55,486 Do not do so.

30700:38:55,487 --> 00:38:58,487 Be not so besotted with the kingly power.

30800:38:59,127 --> 00:39:02,127 Hereafter, let not attorneys or lawyers neatly counsel your money out of your purse,

30900:39:03,967 --> 00:39:06,967 and stir you up to beat and abuse the Diggers

31000:39:07,047 --> 00:39:09,846 to make all rational men laugh at your folly,

31100:39:09,847 --> 00:39:12,806 and condemn you for your bitterness.

31200:39:12,807 --> 00:39:15,807 lf you have yet so much money, give it not away to destroy men,

31300:39:16,407 --> 00:39:19,407 but give it to some of the poor and bid them go and plant the commons.

31400:39:21,207 --> 00:39:23,886 This will be your honour and your comfort.

31500:39:23,887 --> 00:39:26,887 Assure yourselves you never must have true comfort till you be friends with the poor.

31600:39:29,687 --> 00:39:32,687 For what would you do if you had not such labouring men to work for you?

31700:39:33,927 --> 00:39:36,806 Come on, aII of you.

31800:39:36,807 --> 00:39:39,807 Put the wood that's any good for buiIding somewhere.

31900:39:50,287 --> 00:39:53,287 No man can be rich, but he must be rich either by his own labours,

32000:39:54,127 --> 00:39:56,886 or by the labours of other men helping him.

32100:39:56,887 --> 00:39:59,126 lfa man has no help from his neighbour,

32200:39:59,127 --> 00:40:02,127 he shall neve rgather an estate of hundreds and thousands a year.

32300:40:03,767 --> 00:40:06,767 lf other men help him to work, then are those riches his neighbours'as well as his.

32400:40:08,847 --> 00:40:11,847 For they be the fruit of other mens labours as well as his own.

32500:40:36,327 --> 00:40:38,646

Here, Gustav. Here, AdoIphus!

32600:40:38,647 --> 00:40:40,126 Here!

32700:40:40,127 --> 00:40:42,046 So you are Mr WinstanIey.

32800:40:42,047 --> 00:40:45,047 I am pIeased to make your acquaintance, sir.

32900:40:45,727 --> 00:40:47,446 My wife.

33000:40:47,447 --> 00:40:50,447 You may feeI fIattered. They're usuaIIy frightened of strangers.

33100:40:51,367 --> 00:40:54,367 I must confess, we've heard so much about you.

33200:40:54,767 --> 00:40:57,767 We are quite distracted with curiosity.

33300:41:08,087 --> 00:41:11,087 It was a most unchristian act.

33400:41:15,527 --> 00:41:18,527 They behaved with more passion than good sense.

33500:41:19,727 --> 00:41:22,727 Yet one cannot condemn them entireIy, any more than one can condemn you.

33600:41:26,407 --> 00:41:28,766 They too must Iive from the Iand,

33700:41:28,767 --> 00:41:31,767 yet you drive their cattIe from the commons.

338

00:41:31,847 --> 00:41:34,726 - Our commons. - You cut their wood.

33900:41:34,727 --> 00:41:37,406 You poach freeIy.

34000:41:37,407 --> 00:41:40,206 They are simpIe peopIe, Mr WinstanIey.

34100:41:40,207 --> 00:41:43,207 WINSTANLEY: Here is waste Iand enough and to spare to suppIy aII our wants.

34200:41:45,927 --> 00:41:48,726 We are to bIame.

34300:41:48,727 --> 00:41:51,727 We faiIed to evict you, as was our duty,

34400:41:52,207 --> 00:41:54,166 feeIing you wouId do no harm.

34500:41:54,167 --> 00:41:56,126 The viIIagers, aIas...

34600:41:56,127 --> 00:41:59,127 Let us cIose our differences and restore our IittIe worId to its proper harmony.

34700:42:01,727 --> 00:42:04,727 We desire no more of you than the freedom to work.

34800:42:05,407 --> 00:42:08,407 If you deny this freedom, you must raise coIIections for the poor.

34900:42:10,087 --> 00:42:12,526 Many are ashamed to take coIIection money,

35000:42:12,527 --> 00:42:15,527

therefore they are desperate, and wouId rather rob and steaI.

35100:42:16,087 --> 00:42:19,087 Others that are ashamed to beg wouId do any work in order to Iive

35200:42:19,527 --> 00:42:22,166 as is the case with many of our Diggers.

35300:42:22,167 --> 00:42:25,006 But ifthis freedom ofthe commons were granted,

35400:42:25,007 --> 00:42:28,007 we shouId have no beggars or idIe persons in the Iand.

35500:42:28,927 --> 00:42:31,927 Our justices, do they not administer poor reIief most charitabIy?

35600:42:34,367 --> 00:42:37,367 No freeborn EngIishman shouId need to Iive by charity!

35700:42:39,607 --> 00:42:42,607 It is a stain on the Christian reIigion in EngIand that there is so much waste Iand,

35800:42:44,567 --> 00:42:47,286 and so many starve for want.

35900:42:47,287 --> 00:42:50,287 Then you are no Christian, Mr WinstanIey.

36000:42:50,407 --> 00:42:53,407 For sureIy you know that charity is the command ofthe Lord.

36100:42:55,327 --> 00:42:58,327 In His wisdom, He has instituted these inequaIities which you so raiI against

36200:43:01,247 --> 00:43:04,166 that men may obey this command.

36300:43:04,167 --> 00:43:07,167 Blessed is he that giveth and he that receiveth.

36400:43:07,687 --> 00:43:10,687 If aII were IeveIIed to a IeveI according to your preaching, it wouId be an end to charity.

36500:43:14,727 --> 00:43:17,727 The President of the CounciI of State is much aIarmed with your activities,

36600:43:18,647 --> 00:43:21,647 and has warned us: shouId your trespass continue,

36700:43:21,847 --> 00:43:24,847 we must seek to take IegaI resort against you.

36800:43:25,567 --> 00:43:28,567 You must understand, we are caIIed, each of us, to serve in his proper station.

36900:43:35,327 --> 00:43:38,327 The ministers who preach up the law ofthe Scriptures

37000:43:38,567 --> 00:43:41,486 lay claim to heaven after they are dead.

37100:43:41,487 --> 00:43:44,046 And yet they require their heaven in this world too,

37200:43:44,047 --> 00:43:46,166 and grumble mightily against the people

37300:43:46,167 --> 00:43:49,167 that will not give them

a large temporal maintenance.

37400:43:49,887 --> 00:43:52,887 Yet they tell the poor people that they must be content with theirpoverty,

37500:43:54,127 --> 00:43:56,606 and they shall have their heaven hereafter.

37600:43:56,607 --> 00:43:59,607 But why may we not have our heaven here, as well as you?

37700:44:01,247 --> 00:44:04,247 Devoting ourseIves and aII our receivings to Thy gIory,

37800:44:05,327 --> 00:44:08,327 in the name of Jesus Christ our saviour. Amen.

37900:44:12,167 --> 00:44:15,167 Now, Iet's see how weII you know your catechism.

38000:44:16,047 --> 00:44:19,047 Against how many sorts of men doth Isaiah pronounce woe in Chapter 5?

38100:44:20,727 --> 00:44:21,766 Five.

38200:44:21,767 --> 00:44:24,606 Which are the first?

38300:44:24,607 --> 00:44:26,846 Ex...

38400:44:26,847 --> 00:44:29,286 (Whispers) - Extortioners.

38500:44:29,287 --> 00:44:31,126

Which are the second?

38600:44:31,127 --> 00:44:34,127 - Drunkards. - And the third?

38700:44:37,847 --> 00:44:40,847 John!

38800:44:41,647 --> 00:44:44,647 Enticers of vanity.

38900:44:54,167 --> 00:44:57,167 And the fifth?

39000:44:57,967 --> 00:45:00,726 Arrogant contemners of government.

39100:45:00,727 --> 00:45:03,727 Woe unto them who are wise in their own eyes,

39200:45:04,287 --> 00:45:07,287 and prudent in their own thoughts.

39300:45:16,967 --> 00:45:19,967 (GiggIes)

39400:45:21,967 --> 00:45:24,967 (Groans)

39500:45:30,567 --> 00:45:33,526 Is it time?

39600:45:33,527 --> 00:45:36,527 Parson, it may be time.

39700:45:42,447 --> 00:45:45,447 This is the day I'm to go to the hiII.

39800:45:48,047 --> 00:45:51,047 My dear, God is with you.

39900:45:59,767 --> 00:46:02,767 (WhistIes)

40000:46:37,407 --> 00:46:40,407 My Iord, permit me to suggest you do not Iisten to their speeches.

40100:46:41,967 --> 00:46:44,206 You do not trust me, Mr PIatt.

40200:46:44,207 --> 00:46:46,766 You are a man of great mercy.

40300:46:46,767 --> 00:46:48,166 And you?

40400:46:48,167 --> 00:46:51,167 I, sir, obey a sterner Iaw.

40500:46:54,887 --> 00:46:57,887 Your ExceIIency, this is Thomas Haydon, a sergeant in your army for seven years.

40600:46:59,447 --> 00:47:02,006 He was in your ranks at Marston Moorand Colchester

40700:47:02,007 --> 00:47:05,007 and holds you in the highest esteem.

40800:47:06,087 --> 00:47:09,087 Perhaps His ExceIIency wiII honour us with a visit to our IittIe settIement.

40900:47:09,647 --> 00:47:11,846 Sir, we are due in HounsIow.

41000:47:11,847 --> 00:47:14,847 Come, show me round.

411

00:47:17,687 --> 00:47:20,687 No, gentIemen. I wouId not wish you to tire yourseIves.

41200:47:22,687 --> 00:47:25,687 If you wouId come this way, sir. I'm proud to have you.

41300:47:48,687 --> 00:47:51,687 We began by thatching the huts ourseIves.

41400:47:52,807 --> 00:47:55,807 (Pigs grunt)

41500:47:59,847 --> 00:48:02,086 Over here is the first hut we compIeted.

41600:48:02,087 --> 00:48:04,326 As you can see, it is weII but crudeIy buiIt.

41700:48:04,327 --> 00:48:06,566 Are wives heId in common too, Mr WinstanIey?

41800:48:06,567 --> 00:48:07,806 Ask them, sir.

41900:48:07,807 --> 00:48:10,646 Can each woman point to one man who is her husband?

42000:48:10,647 --> 00:48:13,646 (Murmurs of agreement)

42100:48:13,647 --> 00:48:16,647 - What is your trade, friend? - I'm a woodcutter.

42200:48:17,087 --> 00:48:19,566 Good day.

42300:48:19,567 --> 00:48:21,406 - He's sIeeping weII.

- Yes, sir.

42400:48:21,407 --> 00:48:24,407 - Fine-Iooking chiId. - Thank you, sir.

42500:48:25,967 --> 00:48:28,967 Perhaps Your ExceIIency wouId care to taste this.

42600:48:30,007 --> 00:48:33,007 I hope you put some saIt in it.

42700:48:44,567 --> 00:48:46,246 OId friend.

42800:48:46,247 --> 00:48:49,247 - Are you weII? - Oh, not bad, sir.

42900:48:49,767 --> 00:48:52,767 I don't do much here. I'm weII Iooked after.

43000:48:52,807 --> 00:48:55,006 Fine pigs, friend. Where did you get them?

43100:48:55,007 --> 00:48:58,007 You mustn't ask an oId soIdier where he gets his pigs from.

43200:49:01,687 --> 00:49:04,687 - Whose house is this? - Er...two famiIies.

43300:49:05,447 --> 00:49:07,206 WeII buiIt.

43400:49:07,207 --> 00:49:10,207 - Can I see inside? - PIease.

43500:49:15,047 --> 00:49:18,047

WeII-buiIt house.

43600:49:20,767 --> 00:49:23,767 This contagious incendiary is puffed up with deviIish seIf-Iove and vaingIory.

43700:49:26,527 --> 00:49:29,527 On the other hand, they carry themseIves civiIIy and have the report of honest, sober men.

43800:49:34,087 --> 00:49:37,087 Perhaps the greater viIIains are the envious inhabitants hereabouts

43900:49:37,327 --> 00:49:40,327 who pull up the Diggers'barley before the first green shoots have appeared.

44000:49:42,727 --> 00:49:45,727 If it be a case for the Iaw, then take it to the Iaw.

44100:49:46,287 --> 00:49:49,287 I shaII Ieave Captain GIadman in the viIIage with five troopers.

44200:49:49,487 --> 00:49:52,487 - You wiII be protected. - But shaII we be protected?

44300:49:56,087 --> 00:49:59,087 It is God's Army, Mr WinstanIey.

44400:49:59,687 --> 00:50:02,687 Did not GeneraI CromweII say so?

44500:50:25,367 --> 00:50:28,367 (Tune on pipe)

44600:50:29,527 --> 00:50:31,406 You nobIe Diggers, aII.

44700:50:31,407 --> 00:50:34,006

Stand up now, stand up now

44800:50:34,007 --> 00:50:35,846 You nobIe Diggers, aII

44900:50:35,847 --> 00:50:38,686 Stand up now

45000:50:38,687 --> 00:50:40,606 The waste Iand to maintain

45100:50:40,607 --> 00:50:43,126 Seeing cavaIiers by name

45200:50:43,127 --> 00:50:45,166 Your digging do disdain

45300:50:45,167 --> 00:50:47,686 And persons aII decIaim

45400:50:47,687 --> 00:50:50,687 Stand up now, stand up now

45500:50:51,527 --> 00:50:53,566 Your houses they puII down

45600:50:53,567 --> 00:50:56,286 Stand up now, stand up now

45700:50:56,287 --> 00:50:59,287 Your houses they puII down, stand up now

45800:51:00,207 --> 00:51:02,406 Your houses they puII down

45900:51:02,407 --> 00:51:04,766 To fright poor men in town

46000:51:04,767 --> 00:51:07,006 But the gentry must come down

46100:51:07,007 --> 00:51:09,326 And the poor shaII wear the crown

46200:51:09,327 --> 00:51:12,327 Stand up now, Diggers, aII

46300:51:13,407 --> 00:51:15,406 To conquer them by Iove

46400:51:15,407 --> 00:51:17,446 Come in now, come in now

46500:51:17,447 --> 00:51:20,447 To conquer them by Iove, come in now

46600:51:21,847 --> 00:51:24,847 To conquer them by Iove, as it does you behove

46700:51:26,007 --> 00:51:28,286 For He is king above

46800:51:28,287 --> 00:51:30,766 No power is Iike His Iove

46900:51:30,767 --> 00:51:33,767 GIory here, Diggers aII

47000:51:37,287 --> 00:51:40,287 Parson? It's a boy.

47100:51:51,047 --> 00:51:54,047 There. That wasn't too bad, was it?

47200:51:54,247 --> 00:51:57,126 I'm finished.

47300:51:57,127 --> 00:52:00,127 You need to sIeep.

47400:52:09,087 --> 00:52:12,087 I wiII Iive on the hiII.

47500:52:13,767 --> 00:52:16,767 She needs to rest.

47600:52:53,727 --> 00:52:56,727 You are weIcome.

47700:53:06,727 --> 00:53:09,727 PIease make room.


47900:53:31,287 --> 00:53:33,486 Prayers? Prayers?!

48000:53:33,487 --> 00:53:35,806 The righteous can do no sin.

48100:53:35,807 --> 00:53:37,886 We are the chosen of God,

48200:53:37,887 --> 00:53:40,887 so that aII that we do cannot be sin but righteousness.

48300:53:42,367 --> 00:53:45,286 The Virgin Mary was but a common whore,

48400:53:45,287 --> 00:53:48,287 her son a fIeshIy creature, such as we.

48500:53:49,207 --> 00:53:52,207 This, the HoIy BibIe, has been the cause of aII the misery, bIoodshed and division in the worId.

48600:53:54,367 --> 00:53:56,966 - UntiI aII BibIes are burned... - No, no, no.

48700:53:56,967 --> 00:53:59,967 'Tis a HoIy BibIe.

48800:54:00,207 --> 00:54:02,046 - Yippee! - PIease!

48900:54:02,047 --> 00:54:05,047 A pack of Iies!

49000:54:10,647 --> 00:54:13,647 This book beIongs to us.

49100:54:36,247 --> 00:54:39,247 Ranters, seIf-ended spirits.

49200:55:29,407 --> 00:55:31,326 Why do you fear us so?

49300:55:31,327 --> 00:55:33,726 We have nought but Iove for you.

49400:55:33,727 --> 00:55:36,727 TaIking of Iove is no Iove.

49500:56:35,047 --> 00:56:37,606 These are gentIe peopIe.

49600:56:37,607 --> 00:56:40,607 If you wouId stay with us, pray honour and respect them.

49700:56:49,407 --> 00:56:52,407 (Baby gurgIes)

49800:57:04,327 --> 00:57:07,327 Good afternoon, Parson.

49900:57:10,127 --> 00:57:11,926 Good afternoon, Parson.

50000:57:11,927 --> 00:57:14,927 Ah. Captain GIadman. Good afternoon.

50100:57:16,127 --> 00:57:18,166 I was far away.

50200:57:18,167 --> 00:57:21,006 No further than I wouId wish to be.

50300:57:21,007 --> 00:57:23,966 My wife - she's given me a son. I'm very happy.

50400:57:23,967 --> 00:57:26,006 Ah, the third, Parson?

50500:57:26,007 --> 00:57:27,926 We've been so bIessed.

50600:57:27,927 --> 00:57:30,927 Oh, weII, we're aII human, that's what I say.

50700:57:31,047 --> 00:57:34,047 Mind you, the Papists say it takes a priest's mind off his job.

50800:57:35,167 --> 00:57:38,167 (CIears throat)

50900:57:39,527 --> 00:57:42,527 DoubtIess you have some business with me, Captain GIadman.

51000:57:42,807 --> 00:57:45,606 They're cutting wood on Stoke Common.

51100:57:45,607 --> 00:57:47,646 My wood!

51200:57:47,647 --> 00:57:50,647

A timeIy measure might prevent it.

51300:57:50,687 --> 00:57:52,726 Where wiII it end?

51400:57:52,727 --> 00:57:55,727 Captain GIadman, I reaIIy feeI that this is your responsibiIity.

51500:57:57,167 --> 00:57:59,206 (Low discussion)

51600:57:59,207 --> 00:58:02,207 The Lord GeneraI wouId be most dispIeased were he to Iearn...

51700:58:28,647 --> 00:58:31,647 Do not look for a God now, as formerly you did,

51800:58:32,927 --> 00:58:35,927 to be a place of glory beyond the sun, moon and stars,

51900:58:37,167 --> 00:58:40,167 nor imagine a divine being you know not where,

52000:58:40,607 --> 00:58:42,646 but you see him ruling within you,

52100:58:42,647 --> 00:58:44,646 and not only in you,

52200:58:44,647 --> 00:58:47,647 butyou see and know him to be the spirit orpowerthat dwells in every man and woman.

52300:58:50,927 --> 00:58:53,927 Yea, in every creature within the globe of creation.

52400:59:03,447 --> 00:59:05,486 Now you are enlightened,

52500:59:05,487 --> 00:59:07,446 now you are saved,

52600:59:07,447 --> 00:59:10,447 and rise higher and higher into life and peace

52700:59:11,247 --> 00:59:14,247 as this manifestation of the Father increases and spreads within you.

52800:59:49,807 --> 00:59:52,807 Food!

52901:00:16,047 --> 01:00:19,047 Right.

53001:00:23,047 --> 01:00:26,047 Aargh!

53101:00:26,487 --> 01:00:28,006 - (Cries out) - Come aIong, now.

53201:00:28,007 --> 01:00:30,606 - Watch him! Watch him! - (Shouting)

53301:00:30,607 --> 01:00:33,607 Watch him!

53401:00:41,007 --> 01:00:44,007 - (Shouting) - Get him!

53501:00:44,407 --> 01:00:47,326 (Boy cries out)

53601:00:47,327 --> 01:00:50,327 (Laughter)

537

01:00:55,047 --> 01:00:58,047 - Round and round! - Watch him, watch him!

53801:00:59,127 --> 01:01:02,127 Watch him!

53901:01:08,287 --> 01:01:11,126 (Low conversation)

54001:01:11,127 --> 01:01:14,127 (Laughter)

54101:01:50,887 --> 01:01:53,887 (Fire crackIing)

54201:02:45,447 --> 01:02:46,646 (Door handIe rattIes)

54301:02:46,647 --> 01:02:49,647 MRS PLATT: Murderer.

54401:02:54,607 --> 01:02:57,246 Time and time again we've been beaten.

54501:02:57,247 --> 01:02:59,886 (Men taIk at once)

54601:02:59,887 --> 01:03:02,326 This is part of a pIan to discredit us.

54701:03:02,327 --> 01:03:05,327 This was the act of a few irresponsibIe soIdiers under that Captain GIadman.

54801:03:07,007 --> 01:03:10,007 (Angry voices overIap)

54901:03:10,247 --> 01:03:12,406 Love must govern ouractions.

550

01:03:12,407 --> 01:03:15,407 You attack our chiIdren because you know we have no redress against you.

55101:03:16,687 --> 01:03:19,126 FAIRFAX: I did not attack the boy, Mr WinstanIey.

55201:03:19,127 --> 01:03:22,127 Is a commander not responsibIe for the actions of his subordinates?

55301:03:22,287 --> 01:03:24,366 I understand your grief.

55401:03:24,367 --> 01:03:27,367 But I must remind you again that these peopIe are trespassers.

55501:03:27,447 --> 01:03:29,046 You have no IegaI case.

55601:03:29,047 --> 01:03:31,446 We have a moraI case, Your ExceIIency.

55701:03:31,447 --> 01:03:32,686 I wiII Iook into it.

55801:03:32,687 --> 01:03:35,687 Sir, we are in grave danger from your Captain Gladman.

55901:03:36,087 --> 01:03:39,087 l want an assurance that we will no more be molested by your soldiery.

56001:03:42,487 --> 01:03:45,487 For Iawbreakers, you take a very high-handed tone.

56101:03:45,647 --> 01:03:48,647 My Iord, we are wronged, we are mutiIated, we suffer one churIish attack after another.

56201:03:51,127 --> 01:03:54,127 I came to you because in you aIone I have some hopes of justice.

56301:03:55,527 --> 01:03:58,527 On two occasions, you have shown us Christian charity when your advisers urged against it.

56401:04:01,847 --> 01:04:04,766 It takes a rare and courageous man to do this.

56501:04:04,767 --> 01:04:07,767 I ask you now to consider not some outdated Iaw, but reason, equity and justice.

56601:04:17,167 --> 01:04:19,886 Very weII.

56701:04:19,887 --> 01:04:22,887 This wiII not happen again. You have my word.

56801:04:26,727 --> 01:04:29,727 (Thunder rumbIes)

56901:04:32,887 --> 01:04:35,887 (FIies buzzing)

57001:04:52,847 --> 01:04:55,847 (CIinking)

57101:05:03,287 --> 01:05:05,686 (CIinking)

57201:05:05,687 --> 01:05:08,687 (Carriage trundIes away)

57301:05:14,487 --> 01:05:17,487 WINSTANLEY: We, Thomas Haydon, Henry Bickerstaffe and Gerrard Winstanley

574

01:05:18,047 --> 01:05:21,047 are summoned into Kingston court for a trespass in digging upon George Hill,

57501:05:22,927 --> 01:05:25,927 being the rights of Mr Drake, the lord of that manor.

57601:05:26,767 --> 01:05:29,766 That all men may see we are neither ashamed,

57701:05:29,767 --> 01:05:32,406 nor afraid to justify the cause we are summoned for,

57801:05:32,407 --> 01:05:35,326 therefore we deliver ourselves to the court,

57901:05:35,327 --> 01:05:37,246 although we know lawyers love money

58001:05:37,247 --> 01:05:40,247 as dearly as a poorman's dog do his breakfast on a cold morning.

58101:05:52,007 --> 01:05:54,286 England is a prison.

58201:05:54,287 --> 01:05:57,287 The variety of subtleties in the laws preserved by the sword

58301:05:57,887 --> 01:06:00,887 are the bolts, bars and doors of the prison.

58401:06:01,407 --> 01:06:04,407 The lawyers are the jailers, and poormen are the prisoners.

58501:06:05,327 --> 01:06:08,327 For let a man fall into the hands of any from the bailiff to the judge,

58601:06:09,767 --> 01:06:12,767 and he is either undone or weary of his life.

58701:06:13,407 --> 01:06:16,126 RECORDER: Octavo die Septembri versu manucaptores

58801:06:16,127 --> 01:06:19,127 ad quem diem manicaptor attuIit in curia prefatum Henricum Bickerstaffe,

58901:06:20,087 --> 01:06:23,087 superquo adpetitionem querentis predictus Henricus committitur.

59001:06:24,527 --> 01:06:27,006 Habeat diem in vicesimo primo die Augusti...

59101:06:27,007 --> 01:06:29,446 ..ad quem diem defendens nihiI dicit...

59201:06:29,447 --> 01:06:31,286 ASSISTANT: ..ideo intretjudicium.

59301:06:31,287 --> 01:06:34,287 Querens petit venire facias retornabiIe vicesimo octabo...

59401:06:35,047 --> 01:06:38,047 - We are waiting, sir... - SiIence!

59501:06:39,727 --> 01:06:40,566 Waiting?

59601:06:40,567 --> 01:06:42,886 To know what is Iaid at our charge.

59701:06:42,887 --> 01:06:44,286 Who is their attorney?

59801:06:44,287 --> 01:06:45,926 We wiII speak for ourseIves.

59901:06:45,927 --> 01:06:48,206 Do not waste the time of this court.

60001:06:48,207 --> 01:06:51,206 Sir, we cannot and wiII not fee an attorney.

60101:06:51,207 --> 01:06:54,166 We know of no Iawyer we can trust with the business.

60201:06:54,167 --> 01:06:57,167 This case cannot proceed untiI your Iawyer can speak for you.

60301:06:59,607 --> 01:07:02,607 We desire the DecIaration against us.

60401:07:03,527 --> 01:07:06,126 We wiII pay for it if necessary.

60501:07:06,127 --> 01:07:09,127 The cause is not entered. You wiII return tomorrow with an attorney.

60601:07:10,967 --> 01:07:13,126 You have not appeared.

60701:07:13,127 --> 01:07:16,127 (OwIs hoots)

60801:07:25,447 --> 01:07:28,447 I am not empowered to hear your case untiI you have a Iawyer to speak for you.

60901:07:31,687 --> 01:07:34,687 You wiII return in three days.

61001:07:34,887 --> 01:07:37,887

(Wind whistIes)

61101:07:43,927 --> 01:07:46,886 Sir, this is the third time you have summoned us here!

61201:07:46,887 --> 01:07:49,046 With what funds shouId we fee a Iawyer?

61301:07:49,047 --> 01:07:50,886 We couId, of course, pay them in barIey

61401:07:50,887 --> 01:07:53,887 had not those in the pay of Parson PIatt and Mr Drake severaI times ravaged our crops.

61501:07:54,887 --> 01:07:57,887 I must repeat to you, as I have endeavoured to make cIear upon each occasion,

61601:07:58,487 --> 01:08:01,487 that the court cannot proceed untiI you have a quaIified Iawyer to speak your case.

61701:08:02,727 --> 01:08:03,766 Sir!

61801:08:03,767 --> 01:08:06,767 You may not speak without one and thus make a mockery of this court.

61901:08:07,207 --> 01:08:09,166 I wiII not have it.

62001:08:09,167 --> 01:08:11,926 We shaII proceed to judgment in your absence.

62101:08:11,927 --> 01:08:14,766 In four passages, you have gone against your own...

62201:08:14,767 --> 01:08:16,006

SiIence!

62301:08:16,007 --> 01:08:19,007 (Commotion)

62401:08:23,087 --> 01:08:25,526 WINSTANLEY: Ten pounds damages,

62501:08:25,527 --> 01:08:28,527 29 shillings and a penny costs.

62601:08:28,727 --> 01:08:31,727 Enough for a poorman's family to live on for a year.

62701:08:36,367 --> 01:08:39,367 (Lowing) - Oi! Oi, oi!

62801:08:43,967 --> 01:08:46,086 Oi!

62901:08:46,087 --> 01:08:49,087 WINSTANLEY: One moment!

63001:08:49,487 --> 01:08:52,126 One moment.

63101:08:52,127 --> 01:08:55,127 I wonder if perhaps you might take something eIse?

63201:08:55,287 --> 01:08:57,646 - Who are you? - WinstanIey.

63301:08:57,647 --> 01:08:59,646 No. 'Tis your cows we must seize.

63401:08:59,647 --> 01:09:02,326

But these do not beIong to me.

63501:09:02,327 --> 01:09:04,046 'Tis cows we must have.

63601:09:04,047 --> 01:09:06,966 My door is open. Take what you pIease.

63701:09:06,967 --> 01:09:08,886 No. 'Tis your cattIe we must seize.

63801:09:08,887 --> 01:09:11,887 Take me. I wiII go to Kingston to speak to the Norman barons.

63901:09:13,287 --> 01:09:15,686 No, no. 'Tis yourcows we must have.

64001:09:15,687 --> 01:09:17,686 Then I beg of you. Do not hit them.

64101:09:17,687 --> 01:09:20,687 They are neither beggars nor vagrants.

64201:09:26,807 --> 01:09:29,686 BAILIFF: Oi! Come back!

64301:09:34,487 --> 01:09:37,487 saying that if l could not get meat to eat, l would feed upon bread, milk and cheese.

64401:09:39,207 --> 01:09:42,126 And if they take the cows and l cannot feed upon this,

64501:09:42,127 --> 01:09:45,127 then l'll feed upon bread and beer till the King of Righteousness clears up my innocence

64601:09:46,727 --> 01:09:49,126 and the justice of his own cause.

64701:09:49,127 --> 01:09:50,926 And if this be taken from me,

64801:09:50,927 --> 01:09:53,927 then l'll stand still and see what he will do with me, foras yet l know not.

64901:10:08,847 --> 01:10:11,847 RANTER: And what have we to eat tonight?

65001:10:12,807 --> 01:10:14,966 (SIurps)

65101:10:14,967 --> 01:10:17,967 Magnificent repast!

65201:10:18,087 --> 01:10:20,846 How weII provided for are we!

65301:10:20,847 --> 01:10:23,847 Gerrard WinstanIey is a matchIess commissary generaI.

65401:10:25,487 --> 01:10:27,286 (BowI cIatters)

65501:10:27,287 --> 01:10:30,287 And where have I been today?

65601:10:30,487 --> 01:10:33,487 Is your onIy remedy for hunger to steaI from other poor foIk,

65701:10:34,007 --> 01:10:36,326 and pIace your comrades in greater periI?

65801:10:36,327 --> 01:10:38,766 Don't round on me with your hoIy wrath.

65901:10:38,767 --> 01:10:41,166

Action is the Iife of aII things.

66001:10:41,167 --> 01:10:43,966 And not to act is to do nothing.

66101:10:43,967 --> 01:10:46,646 Those words are Gerrard WinstanIey's.

66201:10:46,647 --> 01:10:49,647 The hoIiness and righteousness of Gerrard WinstanIey wiII not fiII your beIIies tonight.

66301:10:50,967 --> 01:10:53,967 He Ioves himseIf above aII others, and wouId have you do the same...

66401:10:54,767 --> 01:10:57,767 (Baby cries) - ..even if you starve.

66501:10:57,807 --> 01:10:59,846 There is a vainglory nursed in his heart

66601:10:59,847 --> 01:11:02,847 by which his name might be great amongst the poor of the nation.

66701:11:03,287 --> 01:11:05,086 That is why you dig!

66801:11:05,087 --> 01:11:08,087 That is why you go hungry. Is there nobody you Iove more?


67001:13:31,887 --> 01:13:34,887 - Oi, here! (GirI squeaIs)

67101:13:57,847 --> 01:14:00,847

(Dripping)

67201:14:05,047 --> 01:14:08,047 Show me a friendIy face in this ruffian's haII of heII!

67301:14:11,807 --> 01:14:14,807 Ah... WiII.

67401:14:15,087 --> 01:14:18,087 WeII, WinstanIey.

67501:14:19,367 --> 01:14:21,326 See who's here. WiII Everard!

67601:14:21,327 --> 01:14:24,327 (Exchange of greetings)

67701:14:26,247 --> 01:14:29,247 (Woman Iaughs)

67801:14:31,687 --> 01:14:33,246 You oId...

67901:14:33,247 --> 01:14:35,166 HAYDON: Whatever possessed you to leave us?

68001:14:35,167 --> 01:14:38,167 - (Laughter) - First things first. I must Ieave again tomorrow.

68101:14:40,207 --> 01:14:43,207 And now...

68201:14:46,687 --> 01:14:49,406 (Gasps of shock) WOMAN: Oh, my Lord.

68301:14:49,407 --> 01:14:52,407 (Excited murmuring) - Ooh!

68401:14:53,247 --> 01:14:55,086 I bring you greetings...

68501:14:55,087 --> 01:14:56,966 - from the Diggers! - Diggers?

68601:14:56,967 --> 01:14:59,806 - From the Diggers at AyIesbury. (Excited whispering)

68701:14:59,807 --> 01:15:02,807 From the Diggers of Shrewsbury.

68801:15:03,447 --> 01:15:06,447 And DunstabIe in Bedfordshire.

68901:15:09,007 --> 01:15:12,007 - WeIIingborough in Northamptonshire. WOMAN: Oh!

69001:15:15,807 --> 01:15:18,246 Bosworth in Leicestershire.

69101:15:18,247 --> 01:15:21,006 (Excited whispering continues)

69201:15:21,007 --> 01:15:24,007 Cox HaII in Kent, and Iver in Buckinghamshire.

69301:15:29,647 --> 01:15:32,647 The fire has spread.

69401:15:40,047 --> 01:15:43,047 (Distant chopping)

69501:15:52,807 --> 01:15:55,807 MAN: Gerrard?

69601:16:09,767 --> 01:16:12,767

WINSTANLEY: May we give you food?

69701:16:13,607 --> 01:16:15,886 I need rest.

69801:16:15,887 --> 01:16:18,887 Mistress Mather wiII Iook after you.

69901:16:21,847 --> 01:16:24,847 (Low conversation)

70001:16:56,127 --> 01:16:58,086 (Coughs)

70101:16:58,087 --> 01:17:01,087 (Hacking cough)

70201:17:18,047 --> 01:17:19,086 (Creaking)

70301:17:19,087 --> 01:17:21,406 (Gasps)

70401:17:21,407 --> 01:17:24,407 For after our work of the earthIy community is advanced,

70501:17:24,887 --> 01:17:27,887 we must make use of goId and siIver as we do of other metaIs,

70601:17:29,247 --> 01:17:31,886 but not to buy and seII withaI.

70701:17:31,887 --> 01:17:34,887 For buying and selling is the great cheat that robs and steals the earth one from another.

70801:17:38,527 --> 01:17:41,527 It is that which makes some Iords, some beggars, some ruIers,

70901:17:43,807 --> 01:17:46,406 others to be ruIed.

71001:17:46,407 --> 01:17:49,086 That wiII make no earthquake in their ear.

71101:17:49,087 --> 01:17:52,087 We must go at it as a buII at a cow. None of this butterfIy taffety.

71201:17:53,647 --> 01:17:56,647 Perhaps...

71301:17:58,447 --> 01:18:01,447 If I might...

71401:18:02,727 --> 01:18:04,766 I feeI you are misIed.

71501:18:04,767 --> 01:18:07,086 Does not Mr MiIton say...

71601:18:07,087 --> 01:18:10,087 'What stirs the Englishman sooner to rebellion

71701:18:10,207 --> 01:18:13,207 than vioIent and heavy hands upon his goods and purses?'

71801:18:14,007 --> 01:18:16,086 Have all things common,

71901:18:16,087 --> 01:18:19,087 or eIse the pIagues of God wiII rot and consume aII that you have.

72001:18:21,167 --> 01:18:24,167 DeIiver your money to rogues and cutpurses,

72101:18:25,567 --> 01:18:28,567 who are ready to starve in pIaguey jaiIs

and nasty dungeons.

72201:18:30,247 --> 01:18:32,726 Who is this?

72301:18:32,727 --> 01:18:35,166 So this is your wife of whoredom!

72401:18:35,167 --> 01:18:36,486 (Murmuring)

72501:18:36,487 --> 01:18:39,487 (Ranter Iaughs manicaIIy)

72601:18:40,607 --> 01:18:43,607 (Laughs) Touch not the fIesh of God! Touch not the fIesh of God!

72701:18:45,087 --> 01:18:48,087 (Laughs) Touch not the fIesh of God!

72801:18:49,087 --> 01:18:52,087 Touch not the fIesh of... (Laughs manicaIIy)

72901:18:53,847 --> 01:18:56,646 Those very men who punish others for theft...

73001:18:56,647 --> 01:18:59,647 (Thud, man cries out) - ..do thieve and rob as judges and lawyers

73101:19:00,447 --> 01:19:03,447 that take bribes and take their clients money

73201:19:04,567 --> 01:19:07,326 and through neglect lose their cause.

73301:19:07,327 --> 01:19:10,327 Parliament and army live in theft when they take...

734

01:19:10,567 --> 01:19:11,486 Aargh!

73501:19:11,487 --> 01:19:13,886 - Come here! - (Shrieks)

73601:19:13,887 --> 01:19:15,126 (Shrieks and Iaughs)

73701:19:15,127 --> 01:19:18,127 (Laughter)

73801:19:23,287 --> 01:19:26,287 (Ranter babbIes) Thats not the voice ofGod.

73901:19:26,687 --> 01:19:29,687 (Shrieks)

74001:19:39,407 --> 01:19:41,926 CommunaI wives, communaI Iiving,

74101:19:41,927 --> 01:19:44,486 the chiIdren bastards.

74201:19:44,487 --> 01:19:46,366 Shameless, godless,

74301:19:46,367 --> 01:19:49,367 they Iive Iike animaIs!

74401:19:52,007 --> 01:19:55,007 John, I entreat your forgiveness.

74501:19:56,287 --> 01:19:59,287 I have sinned exceedingIy against you.

74601:20:01,567 --> 01:20:04,567 I thought you unjust.

74701:20:07,647 --> 01:20:10,526

PLATT: Mohammed had as mean and as despicable beginning

74801:20:10,527 --> 01:20:12,406 as this self-styled prophet,

74901:20:12,407 --> 01:20:15,407 and his damnable infection has spread over the face of half the universe.

75001:20:17,327 --> 01:20:20,327 How can you restrain the use of force when the law of the land is broken?

75101:20:22,287 --> 01:20:24,446 They are men of peace.

75201:20:24,447 --> 01:20:27,447 (Chair scraping)

75301:20:27,487 --> 01:20:30,487 l will show you, my lord, that they are not.

75401:21:05,927 --> 01:21:08,927 (Coughing)

75501:21:33,887 --> 01:21:36,887 BICKERSTAFFE: lts Tom Haydon.

75601:21:54,127 --> 01:21:57,127 (Murmuring)

75701:22:37,447 --> 01:22:39,246 HAYDON: The ban is on again.

75801:22:39,247 --> 01:22:42,247 We cannot buy in Cobham, nor in Kingston, nor in WaIton.

75901:22:42,567 --> 01:22:45,567 The Cobham shopkeepers must give us food and cIothing for the winter.

76001:22:45,767 --> 01:22:48,606 WINSTANLEY: Under no Iaw are we justified in forcing shopmen

76101:22:48,607 --> 01:22:50,286 to give us goods without payment.

76201:22:50,287 --> 01:22:53,287 Next spring, when our crop fIourishes, aII wiII be repaid.

76301:22:53,367 --> 01:22:56,367 What has Parson PIatt preached aII aIong?

76401:22:56,447 --> 01:22:59,447 That our respect for possession is nothing more than a cIoak, to be thrown off when it suits us.

76501:23:01,687 --> 01:23:04,687 We have turned the cheek once too often. Soon we shaII be without a face.

76601:23:04,807 --> 01:23:06,806 You are free men.

76701:23:06,807 --> 01:23:08,606 I say onIy this to you.

76801:23:08,607 --> 01:23:11,607 Forcible persuasion is a sin against universal love,

76901:23:12,087 --> 01:23:15,087 against your famiIies and against your feIIow Diggers.

77001:23:15,647 --> 01:23:18,326 Are we to do nothing but watch our chiIdren sicken and die?

77101:23:18,327 --> 01:23:21,327

Take this step and our work here is finished.

77201:23:22,207 --> 01:23:25,207 UnIess we break the trading ban, we are faced with a winter of utter ruin.

77301:23:26,487 --> 01:23:29,487 By doing this, not onIy Parson PIatt but GeneraI Fairfax and the army wiII move against us.

77401:23:32,967 --> 01:23:35,967 Fairfax understands. He is a soIider. We were aII together once.

77501:23:36,367 --> 01:23:38,406 They hang men for Iess!

77601:23:38,407 --> 01:23:41,086 Gerrard! This breach between us is of your making.

77701:23:41,087 --> 01:23:44,087 Your piety is fine and good but it does nothing for my son.

77801:23:44,447 --> 01:23:47,447 He is sick, he is hungry and I wiII not stand to see him suffer so.

77901:23:49,207 --> 01:23:51,686 Tom, do not go.

78001:23:51,687 --> 01:23:54,687 This hour is sent to test our courage and our strength.

78101:23:55,167 --> 01:23:58,086 The decision is mine and mine aIone. Who is with me?

78201:23:58,087 --> 01:23:59,926 - We have no choice. - l'm with you.

78301:23:59,927 --> 01:24:01,086 Me too.

78401:24:01,087 --> 01:24:04,087 You have no wife, you have no son, you cannot understand.

78501:24:28,727 --> 01:24:31,727 (Wind howIs)

78601:25:20,087 --> 01:25:23,087 (Distant beII toIIs)

78701:25:45,327 --> 01:25:48,126 (Door opens)

78801:25:48,127 --> 01:25:51,127 (Door sIams shut)

78901:26:06,447 --> 01:26:09,447 FAIRFAX: The soldiers will have orders merely to support the sheriff.

79001:26:12,967 --> 01:26:15,526 What mortaI sin do we commit?

79101:26:15,527 --> 01:26:17,126 One may search the Scriptures...

79201:26:17,127 --> 01:26:20,127 Mr WinstanIey, Iet us bring this matter to a head.

79301:26:20,367 --> 01:26:22,286 If you can make good your action

79401:26:22,287 --> 01:26:25,287 by the power of the Scriptures, l will trouble you no more.

79501:26:25,367 --> 01:26:28,367

lfyou can show me that the Bible supports you,

79601:26:28,567 --> 01:26:31,567 l will cast in all my estates andbecome one with the Diggers.

79701:26:34,967 --> 01:26:37,486 There is not the Ieast tittIe spoken

79801:26:37,487 --> 01:26:40,487 that one part of mankind should subdue and rule in oppression over another.

79901:26:47,607 --> 01:26:50,607 Upon our discourse, Parson Platt seemed to consent to many things and was very moderate,

80001:26:52,607 --> 01:26:55,206 andpromised me to read it over and give me an answer.

80101:26:55,207 --> 01:26:58,207 Moreover, he promised me that ifthe Diggers would not cut the wood upon the commons

80201:26:59,647 --> 01:27:01,966 he would not pull down their houses.

80301:27:01,967 --> 01:27:04,967 And the Diggers resolved forpeace sake to let the wood alone

80401:27:05,527 --> 01:27:08,527 till people did understand their freedom a little more.

80501:27:41,087 --> 01:27:44,087 Parson PIatt and the soIdiers.

80601:27:59,367 --> 01:28:02,286 (Low chatter)

807

01:28:02,287 --> 01:28:05,287 - Wait. - My Iord!

80801:28:20,687 --> 01:28:23,206 WINSTANLEY: So this is your answer!

80901:28:23,207 --> 01:28:26,207 PLATT: Fire the houses!

81001:28:37,407 --> 01:28:40,407 (Screaming)

81101:28:48,487 --> 01:28:51,487 (Screaming)

81201:28:51,847 --> 01:28:54,847 (Shouting)

81301:29:30,687 --> 01:29:33,687 (Shrieking)

81401:29:42,087 --> 01:29:45,087 (Coins cIink)

81501:29:49,327 --> 01:29:52,327 (Shouting)

81601:30:01,087 --> 01:30:04,087 (FIute pIays)

81701:30:13,047 --> 01:30:16,047 (Shouting continues)

81801:30:43,967 --> 01:30:46,967 (Excited chatter and cheering)


82001:30:56,447 --> 01:30:59,447

BabyIon is faIIen to rise no more



82301:31:13,207 --> 01:31:16,207 And here l end, having put my arm as faras my strength will go to advance righteousness.

82401:31:21,047 --> 01:31:24,047 l have writ, l have acted, l have peace.

82501:31:26,807 --> 01:31:29,807 And now l must wait to see the Spirit do his own work in the hearts of others,

82601:31:31,607 --> 01:31:34,126 and whether England shall be the first land

82701:31:34,127 --> 01:31:37,127 or some other wherein truth shall sit down in triumph.

82801:31:46,487 --> 01:31:49,487 BabeI's garments we've rejected

82901:31:50,607 --> 01:31:53,607 And our feIIowship is o'er




833


83401:33:52,374 --> 01:33:55,374 (Drumming)

83501:33:57,374 --> 01:34:00,374 Prepare to receive cavaIry.

83601:34:03,494 --> 01:34:06,413 OK, we'II try this without smoke.

83701:34:06,414 --> 01:34:08,413 - Steady, now. - Stand by.

83801:34:08,414 --> 01:34:11,414 HoId your positions. Don't wave your pikes about.

83901:34:11,494 --> 01:34:13,853 Action!

84001:34:13,854 --> 01:34:16,854 (BattIe cries)

84101:34:25,174 --> 01:34:28,174 NARRATOR: lts taken Kevin Brownlow and his co-directorAndrew Mollo

84201:34:28,974 --> 01:34:30,933 eightyears to reach this stage -

84301:34:30,934 --> 01:34:33,934 the first days filming on theirnew feature film WinstanIey,

84401:34:34,454 --> 01:34:37,454 based on the novel Comrade Jacob, by David Caute.

84501:34:39,734 --> 01:34:42,734

With the cavaIry coming cIoser and cIoser, we can stiII do it.

84601:34:43,454 --> 01:34:46,454 As filmmakers, they're unique in pioneering a method ofmaking quality feature films

84701:34:48,214 --> 01:34:50,893 fora fraction ofthe commercial cost.

84801:34:50,894 --> 01:34:52,293 Fire two!

84901:34:52,294 --> 01:34:53,893 Fire three.

85001:34:53,894 --> 01:34:56,894 And fire!

85101:35:01,694 --> 01:35:03,493 They're filming in black and white,

85201:35:03,494 --> 01:35:05,133 partly foraesthetic reasons,

85301:35:05,134 --> 01:35:07,133 but mainlybecause its cheaper.

85401:35:07,134 --> 01:35:09,973 Foreven though it'll take about two years to make,

85501:35:09,974 --> 01:35:12,974 WinstanIey will still only cost as much as the main titles ofa James Bond film.

85601:35:25,574 --> 01:35:28,453 I don't want to sound fuII of sour grapes about commerciaI fiIms

85701:35:28,454 --> 01:35:31,413 because there are many commerciaI fiIms

I admire tremendousIy.

85801:35:31,414 --> 01:35:34,414 But today there is an awfuI Iot ofwaste in commerciaI fiIm production,

85901:35:36,094 --> 01:35:39,094 which is one ofthe reasons why there's virtuaIIy no commerciaI fiIm industry Ieft.

86001:35:40,214 --> 01:35:43,214 Andrew and I did work on a commerciaI picture not so Iong ago.

86101:35:44,334 --> 01:35:47,334 An anecdote from that gives you some idea of the difference between the way we work

86201:35:48,614 --> 01:35:50,413 and the way the big studios work.

86301:35:50,414 --> 01:35:53,414 We were asked how we wouId shoot a scene of some guardsmen outside WeIIington Barracks.

86401:35:55,334 --> 01:35:57,053 We said instantIy,

86501:35:57,054 --> 01:36:00,013 'Guardsmen are outside WeIIington Barracks at 1 1 o'cIock.

86601:36:00,014 --> 01:36:02,053 Go there and shoot the Iong shots.

86701:36:02,054 --> 01:36:05,054 For cIose-ups, you use a Iong focus Iens and you can pIace them against any background.

86801:36:06,574 --> 01:36:09,574 ApparentIy it wiII bIend beautifuIIy.'

869

01:36:10,614 --> 01:36:13,373 'Oh, no,' said the producer, 'That's out ofthe question.

87001:36:13,374 --> 01:36:15,893 We must have a set for WeIIington Barracks.'

87101:36:15,894 --> 01:36:18,733 WeII, they buiIt a set for WeIIington Barracks.

87201:36:18,734 --> 01:36:20,653 Then they had to have reverses.

87301:36:20,654 --> 01:36:23,654 The reverse to WeIIington Barracks is Buckingham PaIace.

87401:36:24,734 --> 01:36:27,734 They neverintended to shoot films cheaply. ltjust happened.

87501:36:28,934 --> 01:36:31,933 Brownlow was 18 when he started his first feature -

87601:36:31,934 --> 01:36:34,934 an ambitious recreation ofa Nazi-occupied Britain.

87701:36:35,414 --> 01:36:38,213 lt was called It Happened Here.

87801:36:38,214 --> 01:36:40,093 (MiIitary drums)

87901:36:40,094 --> 01:36:43,094 Fortunately, a fast-growing military expert, Andrew Mollo, joined him

88001:36:44,534 --> 01:36:47,333 before too much was in the can.

881

01:36:47,334 --> 01:36:50,334 InitiaIIy, I brought Andrew in because I wanted his uniforms.

88201:36:50,854 --> 01:36:52,573 I didn't particuIarIy want him.

88301:36:52,574 --> 01:36:54,453 I thought he might be a bit of a nuisance.

88401:36:54,454 --> 01:36:57,454 He had some uniforms and decorations that were originaI that I wanted,

88501:36:59,854 --> 01:37:01,933 so I made him an art director.

88601:37:01,934 --> 01:37:04,934 Then he was scathing about the materiaI that had been shot up to date.

88701:37:05,694 --> 01:37:08,694 ANDREW: I was absoIuteIy horrified by it.

88801:37:08,974 --> 01:37:11,133 To me, it was an enormous anti-cIimax.

88901:37:11,134 --> 01:37:14,134 I had visions of convoys of German tanks and thousands oftroops and so on.

89001:37:16,054 --> 01:37:19,054 There was this reaIIy very chiIdish sort offiIm of

89101:37:20,174 --> 01:37:23,174 peopIe in cardboard hats giving ridicuIous Nazi saIutes.

89201:37:26,014 --> 01:37:29,014 So they decided to scrap all the film Brownlow had shot so far,

893

01:37:30,054 --> 01:37:32,253 and start again.

89401:37:32,254 --> 01:37:35,254 (MiIitary drums)

89501:37:36,494 --> 01:37:39,494 The project mushroomed to become the most ambitious amateurfilm evermade.

89601:37:41,014 --> 01:37:44,014 Both were paying forit out oftheir sparse savings fromjobs in the film industry.

89701:37:45,734 --> 01:37:48,734 Fellow collectors helpedbuild a large arsenal ofGerman militaria.

89801:37:50,174 --> 01:37:53,174 Enthusiastic filmmakers, like Peter Watkins, volunteered to help out on set.

89901:37:54,294 --> 01:37:57,253 Whilst others, like Stanley Kubrick, provided film stock,

90001:37:57,254 --> 01:38:00,254 and Tony Richardson found the completion money.

90101:38:04,254 --> 01:38:07,254 Foractors, whereverpossible they usedpeople playing theirown real-life roles -

90201:38:08,934 --> 01:38:11,693 nurses, bus conductresses, soldiers.

90301:38:11,694 --> 01:38:14,053 They even used genuine British Fascists,

90401:38:14,054 --> 01:38:17,054 hoping they'd condemn themselves out oftheirown mouths.

90501:38:17,414 --> 01:38:20,414 Das war die Freiheit, zu der endIich...

90601:38:21,614 --> 01:38:24,614 When the film was finally complete, aftereight gruelling years,

90701:38:25,134 --> 01:38:28,134 they agreed to have it distributed by UnitedArtists.

90801:38:29,054 --> 01:38:31,413 We were dazzIed by the idea of United Artists,

90901:38:31,414 --> 01:38:34,414 with its memories of Mary Pickford and CharIie ChapIin and DW Griffith,

91001:38:34,974 --> 01:38:36,973 and thought, 'At Iast, we've made it.'

91101:38:36,974 --> 01:38:39,974 UnfortunateIy, it is not in the interests of a major distributor to support IittIe independents Iike us.

91201:38:41,694 --> 01:38:43,493 Because independent producers,

91301:38:43,494 --> 01:38:46,494 particuIarIy those who produce their fiIms for the price ofthe main titIes of most feature fiIms,

91401:38:47,974 --> 01:38:50,974 are a threat to their existence, aIbeit a smaII one.

91501:38:53,254 --> 01:38:56,254 It took them two years before they finaIIy decided, after an awfuI Iot of badgering from us,

91601:38:58,134 --> 01:38:59,733

to put the picture out.

91701:38:59,734 --> 01:39:02,213 They booked it in for two weeks at the London PaviIion.

91801:39:02,214 --> 01:39:03,933 To their surprise, it Iasted six.

91901:39:03,934 --> 01:39:06,333 It wouId have Iasted more ifthey'd Ieft it there.

92001:39:06,334 --> 01:39:09,334 The picture made £26,000 in that first six weeks,

92101:39:09,854 --> 01:39:12,854 which was exceptionaIIy good.

92201:39:13,094 --> 01:39:16,094 However, they were told that advertising and hiring the London Pavilion

92301:39:17,134 --> 01:39:19,093 had soaked up all the money.

92401:39:19,094 --> 01:39:22,094 And the same went forshowings abroad.

92501:39:22,694 --> 01:39:25,173 In fact, we made not one brass farthing,

92601:39:25,174 --> 01:39:27,413 and were dubbed uncommerciaI.

92701:39:27,414 --> 01:39:30,013 And having made no money with lt Happened Here,

92801:39:30,014 --> 01:39:33,014 this meant that we got no offers for the reguIar commerciaI cinema.

92901:39:33,854 --> 01:39:36,653 Except one IittIe suggestion.

93001:39:36,654 --> 01:39:39,654 Somebody said we couId do second unit on the chariot race of The Viking Queen.

93101:39:41,894 --> 01:39:44,894 Brownlow did make a little money out ofwriting a book about theirexperiences,

93201:39:46,414 --> 01:39:49,414 in the vain hope that ifthere were a next time, things wouldbe different.

93301:39:50,334 --> 01:39:53,334 But it was to happen again.

93401:39:55,254 --> 01:39:58,254 The novel about Gerrard Winstanley and the Diggers was shown to them by a teacher,

93501:39:59,814 --> 01:40:01,653 who had acted in It Happened Here -

93601:40:01,654 --> 01:40:03,693 Miles Halliwell.

93701:40:03,694 --> 01:40:06,293 WeII, the CiviI War period.

93801:40:06,294 --> 01:40:09,294 It's about a sort of visionary caIIed Gerrard WinstanIey,

93901:40:10,054 --> 01:40:13,054 who sees many dispossessed poor peopIe wandering around,

94001:40:15,334 --> 01:40:18,334 and feeIs that the common Iands in EngIand beIong to them,

94101:40:20,974 --> 01:40:23,974 and that they shouId have the opportunity of cuItivating them.

94201:40:25,414 --> 01:40:28,414 (Wood being chopped)

94301:40:30,774 --> 01:40:33,774 And so he starts a commune on St George's HiII near Weybridge.

94401:40:36,894 --> 01:40:39,853 They start cutting trees down to buiId their houses

94501:40:39,854 --> 01:40:41,813 and cuItivating crops.

94601:40:41,814 --> 01:40:44,814 The IocaI Iandowners at first ignore it,

94701:40:45,974 --> 01:40:48,974 but graduaIIy become more and more aIarmed, and finaIIy drive them out,

94801:40:50,574 --> 01:40:53,574 treating them with incredibIe sort of harshness in doing so.

94901:40:56,454 --> 01:40:58,253 That's the story.

95001:40:58,254 --> 01:41:01,254 Knowing nothing about the 1 7th century, I didn't respond at first to the story.

95101:41:03,014 --> 01:41:05,773 AIthough one scene had tremendous atmosphere,

95201:41:05,774 --> 01:41:08,774

one of GeneraI Fairfax moving towards the hiII in pouring rain,

95301:41:10,334 --> 01:41:13,334 which seemed to sum up the kind of atmosphere the picture shouId have.

95401:41:15,654 --> 01:41:18,654 But then, reading the noveI, and finding out more about WinstanIey,

95501:41:19,574 --> 01:41:22,574 suddenIy opened my mind to this extraordinariIy forgotten episode of EngIish history.

95601:41:26,094 --> 01:41:29,094 It was something that we couId handIe.

95701:41:29,174 --> 01:41:31,613 It was something of a scaIe we couId handIe.

95801:41:31,614 --> 01:41:34,614 But, more than that, what was fascinating about it was that it was an understated

95901:41:36,134 --> 01:41:39,134 and reaIIy rather non-vioIent episode,

96001:41:39,614 --> 01:41:42,614 which, if it had happened anywhere eIse, wouId be extremeIy brutaI.

96101:41:43,134 --> 01:41:46,053 But here, everyone tried to be reasonabIe.

96201:41:46,054 --> 01:41:48,893 Such vioIence as there was was very toned down.

96301:41:48,894 --> 01:41:51,894 Somehow it was very EngIish.

964

01:41:54,414 --> 01:41:57,414 WoodfaII FiIms enabIed us to write the script. They paid for the script.

96501:41:58,854 --> 01:42:01,773 And then we tried to get the money for it.

96601:42:01,774 --> 01:42:04,774 WeII, you can imagine how tremendousIy popuIar the subject was,

96701:42:05,614 --> 01:42:07,373 particuIarIy in the '60s.

96801:42:07,374 --> 01:42:10,374 This was a fiIm about a group of peopIe who, to aII intents and purposes,

96901:42:11,414 --> 01:42:13,373 were EngIand's first communists.

97001:42:13,374 --> 01:42:16,374 You can imagine how the Americans reacted to this.

97101:42:17,454 --> 01:42:20,293 I remember once I was asked to see a producer,

97201:42:20,294 --> 01:42:23,294 and he said, (American accent) 'Kevin, I've read your script.

97301:42:24,254 --> 01:42:26,413 Very, very wonderfuI. Very wonderfuI.

97401:42:26,414 --> 01:42:29,414 But one point. This WinstanIey, I didn't Iike him.

97501:42:30,654 --> 01:42:33,654 I don't think you have to Iike a Ieading character but he has to have something going for him.

976

01:44:11,934 --> 01:44:13,733 started a military history unit,

97701:44:13,734 --> 01:44:16,734 and advised on films like Dr Zhivago and Great Catherine,

97801:44:17,014 --> 01:44:20,014 as well as on occasionalperiod commercials.

97901:44:22,974 --> 01:44:24,733 Fortheirstyle offilmmaking,

98001:44:24,734 --> 01:44:27,734 pre-production and thorough research is as vital as shooting the film itself.

98101:44:28,454 --> 01:44:31,454 Forboth ofthem, 17th-century England was a totally newperiod.

98201:44:34,294 --> 01:44:37,294 This is a book by a French engraver caIIed Jacques CaIIot,

98301:44:38,614 --> 01:44:41,613 who was working during the Thirty Years War in Europe.

98401:44:41,614 --> 01:44:44,614 This particuIar engraving is of a soIdiers' camp.

98501:44:44,974 --> 01:44:47,974 It contains a weaIth of detaiI for reconstructing a simiIar sort of scene in the fiIm.

98601:44:50,774 --> 01:44:52,813 You can see soIdiers pIaying cards

98701:44:52,814 --> 01:44:54,653 and women preparing a meaI,

988

01:44:54,654 --> 01:44:57,654 and the cauIdron suspended from a branch of a tree.

98901:44:58,534 --> 01:45:01,534 And then, further on, there's a scene in a series of engravings caIIed Cruelties of War.

99001:45:06,094 --> 01:45:09,094 This scene is of an execution. We've reconstructed that aImost exactIy for the fiIm.

99101:45:11,814 --> 01:45:14,814 (Steady drumbeat)

99201:45:30,534 --> 01:45:32,813 Front rank, present!

99301:45:32,814 --> 01:45:35,814 Give fire!

99401:45:40,534 --> 01:45:42,413 At the beginning of lt Happened Here,

99501:45:42,414 --> 01:45:45,414 Andrew was the one who converted me to the idea of compIete authenticity.

99601:45:45,974 --> 01:45:48,974 I became as fanaticaI about it as he was.

99701:45:49,654 --> 01:45:52,654 Without knowing it, we were working in the styIe of Erich von Stroheim,

99801:45:53,254 --> 01:45:56,254 the great Austrian-American director who made some ofthe most magnificent siIent pictures

99901:45:59,974 --> 01:46:02,974 and was renowned for his fanaticaI obsession with detaiI.

100001:46:03,814 --> 01:46:06,814 In one picture, for instance, he'd forced the extras to wear a vest

100101:46:07,574 --> 01:46:10,574 with the cipher ofthe Ruritanian country, about which he was making the fiIm.

100201:46:11,694 --> 01:46:14,694 Even though the vests wouId never be seen, they were exactIy right,

100301:46:15,774 --> 01:46:18,774 and had exactIy the correct army markings on them.

100401:46:20,574 --> 01:46:23,574 His expIanation for this expenditure was that it made the actors feeI right.

100501:46:28,014 --> 01:46:31,014 AIthough we couIdn't possibIe expend such vast sums as von Stroheim did,

100601:46:32,694 --> 01:46:35,694 we tried to foIIow the same path as he did.

100701:46:37,254 --> 01:46:40,254 Authenticity is tremendousIy attractive, because, in a sense, you pIay God.

100801:46:42,134 --> 01:46:45,134 You're recreating a period in history so that wherever you Iook, everything is dead right.

100901:46:47,934 --> 01:46:50,293 Togetherthey checked all the locations.

101001:46:50,294 --> 01:46:53,294 But St Georges Hill, Weybridge, the original site ofthe commune,

1011

01:46:53,494 --> 01:46:56,494 had changed somewhat in the intervening years.

101201:46:57,054 --> 01:47:00,054 ANDREW: St George's HiII is now a very expensive housing estate.

101301:47:02,214 --> 01:47:05,053 You practicaIIy have a passport to get in the front gate.

101401:47:05,054 --> 01:47:07,733 It's aII rather reminiscent ofthe BerIin WaII.

101501:47:07,734 --> 01:47:10,734 The houses are very pIush, and most ofthem have swimming pooIs.

101601:47:11,374 --> 01:47:14,374 It wouId have been impossibIe to shoot there.

101701:47:16,294 --> 01:47:19,294 They followed the same line ofhills to Hindhead, Surrey,

101801:47:19,534 --> 01:47:22,534 where an ideal spot called the Devils Jumps had the correct trees and vegetation

101901:47:24,014 --> 01:47:27,014 and appeared deserted.

102001:47:30,774 --> 01:47:33,774 lt was at this point that Mollo Senior was able to help out.

102101:47:34,854 --> 01:47:37,854 Very convenientIy, about 300 yards down the road, my father has a country property,

102201:47:41,694 --> 01:47:44,213 with about 20 acres of bog and wood.

102301:47:44,214 --> 01:47:47,214 He kindIy said that as Iong as we don't buiId anything within sight ofthe house,

102401:47:48,334 --> 01:47:50,333 we couId do what we Iiked on the Iand.

102501:47:50,334 --> 01:47:53,334 So we buiIt the commune on our own Iand, which meant we couId keep an eye on it.

102601:47:55,854 --> 01:47:58,854 We didn't have to worry about puIIing it down and then re-erecting it.

102701:48:00,134 --> 01:48:03,134 We just buiIt it and Ieft it there.

102801:48:03,574 --> 01:48:06,574 Gerrard Winstanleys original tracts were written in a cowbarn,

102901:48:07,454 --> 01:48:10,454 where he grazed otherpeoples cows to subsidise the commune.

103001:48:12,174 --> 01:48:15,174 Brownlow and Mollo found a barn forhim 100 miles away, which theybought intact,

103101:48:16,374 --> 01:48:19,374 and which local schoolboys helped them reconstruct at Larchfield.

103201:48:20,214 --> 01:48:23,214 Then Mollo and Brownlowrevamped it fora dualpurpose.

103301:48:25,654 --> 01:48:28,654 ANDREW: I know on professionaI pictures, the art director gets a Iist of every singIe set,

103401:48:30,734 --> 01:48:32,373 every singIe Iocation.

103501:48:32,374 --> 01:48:35,173 He systematicaIIy works his way around the worId

103601:48:35,174 --> 01:48:38,174 untiI he's got aII his Iocations, he's got aII his sets Iined up.

103701:48:39,054 --> 01:48:42,054 Kevin and I don't work that way. ProbabIy because we're not terribIy good at deIegating

103801:48:43,814 --> 01:48:46,814 and so we tend to do everything ourseIves.

103901:48:49,334 --> 01:48:52,053 CARMEN MOLLO: Do you have to do aII the waIIs, Andrew?

104001:48:52,054 --> 01:48:54,093 That must have been the bottom one.

104101:48:54,094 --> 01:48:56,533 We want to do them aII again, yes.

104201:48:56,534 --> 01:48:59,534 We had to remove the weatherboarding because I used it for a set

104301:48:59,974 --> 01:49:02,974 for an advertising photograph.

104401:49:03,014 --> 01:49:05,533 Now we're putting it back up again.

104501:49:05,534 --> 01:49:07,693 You might say it's an awfuI waste oftime

1046

01:49:07,694 --> 01:49:10,694 but the money I get from the advertising photograph

104701:49:11,574 --> 01:49:14,574 enabIes me to spend another two or three months doing this for nothing.

104801:49:15,214 --> 01:49:18,214 Wait tiII the summer. You wiII never have been as fit.

104901:49:20,494 --> 01:49:23,494 lnstead ofconstructing the lavish homes of Winstanleys opponents,

105001:49:24,214 --> 01:49:25,773 the landed gentry,

105101:49:25,774 --> 01:49:27,453 they searched the country forthem,

105201:49:27,454 --> 01:49:29,293 often with surprising results -

105301:49:29,294 --> 01:49:32,294 as in the case ofChastleton House in Gloucestershire.

105401:49:33,654 --> 01:49:36,654 We were toId about it by the onIy professionaI actor who's going to pIay in this fiIm.

105501:49:39,774 --> 01:49:42,774 He toId us about this marveIIous house fuII ofwonderfuI furniture and so on.

105601:49:44,334 --> 01:49:47,334 Kevin and I went on a Iocation recce and drove straight past it.

105701:49:48,134 --> 01:49:51,134 Because it's so typicaIIy CotswoId,

a very yeIIow stone,

105801:49:51,854 --> 01:49:54,213 it wouId make it totaIIy unsuitabIe for Surrey.

105901:49:54,214 --> 01:49:56,373 We reaIIy drove straight by.

106001:49:56,374 --> 01:49:59,374 It was onIy much Iater that we again were recommended it by somebody

106101:50:00,254 --> 01:50:02,693 and decided to come and Iook at the interior.

106201:50:02,694 --> 01:50:05,694 As soon as we saw the marveIIous furniture and the compIeteIy unspoiIt state of it,

106301:50:08,854 --> 01:50:11,133 we decided it wouId be ideaI,

106401:50:11,134 --> 01:50:14,134 not onIy for a few of our interiors, but nearIy aII our better-cIass interiors in the picture.

106501:50:17,054 --> 01:50:20,054 It saved us so much troubIe and so much money.

106601:50:26,214 --> 01:50:27,973 You'II be very reIieved to get it off.

106701:50:27,974 --> 01:50:30,213 Can you just hoId your breast... your front?

106801:50:30,214 --> 01:50:32,493 HoId my breast?

106901:50:32,494 --> 01:50:34,693 Where did aII this armour come from, Andrew?

107001:50:34,694 --> 01:50:37,694 The Tower of London. He took it out in his shopping bag. (Laughs)

107101:50:39,294 --> 01:50:42,294 ANDREW: Contrary to most professionaI fiImmakers,

107201:50:44,254 --> 01:50:47,254 I've aIways considered that technicaI advice is of enormous benefit,

107301:50:48,774 --> 01:50:50,413 rather than a hindrance.

107401:50:50,414 --> 01:50:53,414 Very earIy on, I decided that I'd try to recruit experts

107501:50:57,254 --> 01:51:00,254 in the particuIar fieIds and period in which we were making the fiIm.

107601:51:03,134 --> 01:51:06,134 The first man that we got in touch with was a keeper ofthe armoury at the Tower of London,

107701:51:08,814 --> 01:51:11,253 caIIed RusseII Robinson.

107801:51:11,254 --> 01:51:13,453 Through his good offices

107901:51:13,454 --> 01:51:16,454 we managed to actuaIIy borrow originaI armour from the Tower of London,

108001:51:17,214 --> 01:51:18,973 which had never been done before.

108101:51:18,974 --> 01:51:21,974 He advised us on the right sort ofweapons

to use,

108201:51:23,094 --> 01:51:25,613 and the method in which they were used.

108301:51:25,614 --> 01:51:27,973 Yep, yep, yep, yep, yep.

108401:51:27,974 --> 01:51:30,974 - Yep. (BeIIows)

108501:51:31,614 --> 01:51:34,614 The Museum of EngIish RuraI Life suppIied us with a Iot ofthe impIements ofthe period,

108601:51:37,334 --> 01:51:40,093 and aIso introduced us to a chap caIIed BiII Petch,

108701:51:40,094 --> 01:51:43,094 who's one ofthe worId's Ieading authorities on steam pIoughing,

108801:51:44,974 --> 01:51:47,974 who became one of our reguIar band of Diggers,

108901:51:48,854 --> 01:51:51,854 and who advised us on eIementary agricuIturaI techniques.

109001:51:59,214 --> 01:52:01,973 WeII, this is a breast pIough.

109101:52:01,974 --> 01:52:04,974 But it's not reaIIy used from the breast. It's used from the stomach.

109201:52:08,334 --> 01:52:11,334 Many ofthem have this side cut away.

1093

01:52:11,814 --> 01:52:14,814 It was meant to turn over the soiI, but onIy to a shaIIow depth.

109401:52:17,214 --> 01:52:20,214 And I certainIy wouIdn't want to use this for a ten-hour day.

109501:52:22,654 --> 01:52:25,654 I expect the Diggers had to do it for 1 2 hours.

109601:52:33,894 --> 01:52:36,894 To know more about the Digger way oflife, Brownlow contacted Sid Rawle.

109701:52:39,534 --> 01:52:42,453 Although the original Diggers became Quakers,

109801:52:42,454 --> 01:52:45,053 Sid Rawle, a modern-day Diggerleader,

109901:52:45,054 --> 01:52:48,054 concerns himselfmore with squatters'rights and communes.

110001:52:50,614 --> 01:52:53,614 This is for Joshua to bIow them out.

110101:52:54,054 --> 01:52:57,054 GIRL: I didn't bIow the candIes out.

110201:52:57,774 --> 01:53:00,774 Recently, he ran a commune on an island given by John Lennon,

110301:53:01,534 --> 01:53:03,253 where theybuilt huts,

110401:53:03,254 --> 01:53:06,254 and forthree years lived a similarlife to Winstanleys Diggers.

1105

01:53:07,454 --> 01:53:10,454 They were very simpIe sociaIists.

110601:53:12,974 --> 01:53:15,974 And yet, in my opinion, they were the onIy sociaIists who've ever managed

110701:53:17,094 --> 01:53:20,094 to put across a programme that anybody couId understand.

110801:53:21,894 --> 01:53:24,894 Keep quiet, everywhere.

110901:53:26,734 --> 01:53:29,173 Many Diggers had served in Cromwells army.

111001:53:29,174 --> 01:53:32,174 Forthe largerscenes, Mollo and Brownlow were helpedby the Sealed Knot

111101:53:32,814 --> 01:53:34,733 and the RoundheadAssociation,

111201:53:34,734 --> 01:53:37,734 groups which at weekends stage English Civil Warbattles.

111301:53:40,094 --> 01:53:43,094 They also enlisted some help closerto hand.

111401:53:43,494 --> 01:53:46,413 KEVIN: Neither Andrew nor I were married on the Iast fiIm.

111501:53:46,414 --> 01:53:49,414 I think, secretIy, both of us thought we'd never make a fiIm again because we did get married.

111601:53:50,894 --> 01:53:53,894 We feIt that perhaps that wouId interfere with making another fiIm.

111701:53:55,694 --> 01:53:58,694 Virginia was at first struck by what she thought was the gIamour offiImmaking.

111801:54:00,774 --> 01:54:03,774 It wore off in about 25 minutes fIat when the reaI hard grind came in.

111901:54:07,054 --> 01:54:10,054 However, with Virginia driving me, because I don't drive,

112001:54:11,054 --> 01:54:13,933 and doing the catering on the picture,

112101:54:13,934 --> 01:54:16,934 it turned out to be an absoIute godsend.

112201:54:17,894 --> 01:54:20,894 lt was the first film experience for Carmen Mollo, as well.

112301:54:21,774 --> 01:54:24,774 ANDREW: Carmen, Iike everybody eIse on the unit, was a body,

112401:54:27,174 --> 01:54:29,373 a pair of hands, and a pair of Iegs

112501:54:29,374 --> 01:54:32,374 who was avaiIabIe for any task that might have to be done at any given moment.

112601:54:34,174 --> 01:54:37,174 But she had the added burden of having to Iook after two smaII chiIdren,

112701:54:38,334 --> 01:54:41,334 who aIways wanted to dress up, whether there was any costumes avaiIabIe or not.

112801:54:43,494 --> 01:54:46,494

I wiII make you go and wait in the car. Now stop pestering.

112901:54:47,254 --> 01:54:50,013 Go over there.

113001:54:50,014 --> 01:54:52,693 These cIothes are terribIy coId.

113101:54:52,694 --> 01:54:55,694 But for Carmen, there was an even more importantjob to tackle.

113201:54:56,494 --> 01:54:58,533 You'II have to put a wooIIen vest underneath.

113301:54:58,534 --> 01:55:00,253 But Andrew won't aIIow it.

113401:55:00,254 --> 01:55:03,254 - Why? - Because it shows above here.

113501:55:03,974 --> 01:55:06,974 I'II bring... I've got an open sort of vest.

113601:55:08,694 --> 01:55:11,694 But did they wear them? We must have this absoIuteIy authentic.

113701:55:11,814 --> 01:55:14,814 Does it matter, if you have the buttons done up?

113801:55:17,214 --> 01:55:20,214 She was to find herconvent school training very handy when students let them down

113901:55:21,414 --> 01:55:24,414 and she was landed with thejob ofmaking most ofthe costumes herself.

114001:55:25,094 --> 01:55:28,094

However, occasionally she was helped out by othermembers ofthe unit.

114101:55:33,454 --> 01:55:36,454 ANDREW: It gives me enormous pIeasure to see aII the hand-stitching throughout the fiIm

114201:55:39,694 --> 01:55:42,694 which one doesn't tend to see on professionaI costume pictures.

114301:55:44,334 --> 01:55:47,334 Modern fiIm costumes tend to be smart in a sort of modern manner -

114401:55:50,374 --> 01:55:52,773 very neat Iines, no creases,

114501:55:52,774 --> 01:55:55,533 which is, ideaIIy, modern taiIoring,

114601:55:55,534 --> 01:55:58,373 but is not correct for period costume.

114701:55:58,374 --> 01:56:01,374 Whereas, on our picture, first of aII they were made out of second-hand materiaIs.

114801:56:02,814 --> 01:56:05,733 I don't think they were washed throughout the whoIe ofthe fiIm.

114901:56:05,734 --> 01:56:08,734 They were very authentic, not onIy from appearance but aIso from smeII.

115001:56:15,374 --> 01:56:17,893 KEVIN: Once peopIe heard that we were making a fiIm,

115101:56:17,894 --> 01:56:20,894 they immediateIy thought they couId retire on the proceeds ofwhat they hired to us.

115201:56:22,254 --> 01:56:25,213 We had to pay fuII rates for most things,

115301:56:25,214 --> 01:56:27,173 which was an enormous drawback.

115401:56:27,174 --> 01:56:30,174 For instance, we had to pay the going rate for horses

115501:56:30,214 --> 01:56:33,214 that anyone eIse wouId pay, Iike the BBC or MGM.

115601:56:33,974 --> 01:56:36,974 Then we had to pay the transportation ofthose horses.

115701:56:39,054 --> 01:56:42,054 When we did the mutiny, we had to get IocaI horses

115801:56:43,134 --> 01:56:46,134 but they had no idea what was in store for them.

115901:56:46,814 --> 01:56:48,613 SOLDIER: Port your muskets.

116001:56:48,614 --> 01:56:50,773 Prepare to advance.

116101:56:50,774 --> 01:56:52,253 Advance!

116201:56:52,254 --> 01:56:55,254 (Drumbeats)

116301:56:57,294 --> 01:56:59,333 CIose up to your right!

1164

01:56:59,334 --> 01:57:02,334 KEVIN: They were accustomed to taking girIs around the common, and that was it.

116501:57:04,454 --> 01:57:07,454 When they were confronted with a coupIe of hundred armed men,

116601:57:07,934 --> 01:57:10,773 they naturaIIy responded very badIy.

116701:57:10,774 --> 01:57:13,774 CoIoneI Rich, remove those papers.

116801:57:15,094 --> 01:57:18,094 (Whinnies)

116901:57:24,094 --> 01:57:27,094 Ride up the Iine, Barry and Peter. Get those pamphIets out.

117001:57:28,934 --> 01:57:31,573 Do anything you can but get the pamphIets out.

117101:57:31,574 --> 01:57:34,574 Barry, try.

117201:57:35,214 --> 01:57:38,214 The fiIm industry regards a fiIm ofthis sort with monumentaI indifference.

117301:57:39,574 --> 01:57:41,053 It goes without saying.

117401:57:41,054 --> 01:57:44,054 However, it was necessary to find a cameraman for this picture

117501:57:44,134 --> 01:57:46,693 who had not had experience in features.

117601:57:46,694 --> 01:57:49,694

One thing the British FiIm Institute insists on is that we start technicians.

117701:57:54,054 --> 01:57:57,054 They enlisted the help ofErnie Vincze, an ace documentary cameraman.

117801:57:58,774 --> 01:58:01,493 He had a marveIIous eye.

117901:58:01,494 --> 01:58:04,494 He couId be trusted impIicitIy to produce something even better than we'd hoped for.

118001:58:05,934 --> 01:58:08,934 And he aIso had the eye of a director, which is very rare among cameramen.

118101:58:10,094 --> 01:58:13,094 Why don't you ask BiII to go that way and Terry go this way?

118201:58:13,574 --> 01:58:16,574 It's not that that worries me so much as the...

118301:58:17,414 --> 01:58:19,453 It's the Iack of urgency.

118401:58:19,454 --> 01:58:22,133 ERNIE: Thanks for Kevin and Andrew's cooperation.

118501:58:22,134 --> 01:58:25,133 They were putting up with my other commitments,

118601:58:25,134 --> 01:58:28,134 Iike going away for three or four weeks at a time.

118701:58:29,694 --> 01:58:32,694 And once, at the height ofthe summer, I had to go away for six weeks

118801:58:34,334 --> 01:58:37,053 and the shooting stopped for six weeks.

118901:58:37,054 --> 01:58:39,093 ANDREW: One has to be reasonabIy eIastic.

119001:58:39,094 --> 01:58:42,094 You can't expect somebody who's working for you for nothing to give up Iucrative jobs.

119101:58:43,934 --> 01:58:46,934 It's onIy by doing the Iucrative jobs he can afford to work for you for nothing.

119201:58:48,374 --> 01:58:51,374 KEVIN: There were times when it seemed Ernie's professionaI commitments

119301:58:52,374 --> 01:58:55,374 were going to compIeteIy destroy our own scheduIe.

119401:58:56,654 --> 01:58:59,654 And we discussed the possibiIity of repIacing him.

119501:59:00,894 --> 01:59:03,894 But it wouId have been impossibIe, and we knew it was impossibIe then.

119601:59:04,454 --> 01:59:07,454 Because in a fiIm which is spread over such a Iong period, the styIe of photography is vitaI.

119701:59:10,134 --> 01:59:13,093 And to change in midstream,

119801:59:13,094 --> 01:59:16,094 to imagine that somebody eIse couId achieve the same resuIts, is wishfuI thinking.

1199

01:59:17,974 --> 01:59:19,573 Take it easy. We can't shoot...

120001:59:19,574 --> 01:59:22,574 Othertechnicians like PeterHarvey who, in turn, acted as soundrecordist,

120101:59:23,694 --> 01:59:25,853 dubbing editorand second cameraman,

120201:59:25,854 --> 01:59:28,854 came both from the industry and film schools.

120301:59:29,734 --> 01:59:32,734 Everyone, however, was not expected to stickrigidly to thejob he was trained for.

120401:59:35,974 --> 01:59:38,974 It's a wonderfuI starting point, for a whoIe new styIe offiIms.

120501:59:40,654 --> 01:59:43,654 Film editor Charles Rees, forinstance, became an assistant directorforthe duration.

120601:59:46,774 --> 01:59:49,613 When we started this fiIm, started pIanning the fiIm,

120701:59:49,614 --> 01:59:52,614 we decided the most sensibIe thing wouId be to shoot it in seven or eight weeks fIat.

120801:59:53,814 --> 01:59:56,573 And that meant we had to use professionaI actors

120901:59:56,574 --> 01:59:59,574 because the non-professionaIs wouId not be avaiIabIe during the working hours,

121002:00:01,214 --> 02:00:02,773 ordinary working hours.

121102:00:02,774 --> 02:00:05,453 So we started work on Spotlight.

121202:00:05,454 --> 02:00:08,454 And Spotlight is a directory of aII professionaI actors.

121302:00:08,734 --> 02:00:11,734 And we chose the best faces and began ringing the agents up.

121402:00:12,054 --> 02:00:14,093 We were astonished by the reaction we got.

121502:00:14,094 --> 02:00:17,094 As soon as they heard that aII we couId pay professionaI actors was the Equity minimum,

121602:00:18,214 --> 02:00:21,214 the phone was sIammed down very rapidIy.

121702:00:23,414 --> 02:00:26,414 There was one man we were absoIuteIy determined to get and that was Jerome WiIIis,

121802:00:27,534 --> 02:00:30,534 who we wanted for the part of GeneraI Fairfax.

121902:00:51,694 --> 02:00:53,733 then we post-sync it.

122002:00:53,734 --> 02:00:56,734 KEVIN: The great advantage of using a professionaI in this part,

122102:00:57,054 --> 02:01:00,054 and particuIarIy a man whose face was weII-known on teIevision,

122202:01:00,414 --> 02:01:03,414 was in the scene

when Fairfax visited the commune.

122302:01:04,414 --> 02:01:07,414 Here we had about 60 IocaI peopIe.

122402:01:07,734 --> 02:01:10,734 They were supposed to react in a certain way when Fairfax came.

122502:01:11,054 --> 02:01:13,293 We didn't teII them how to react.

122602:01:13,294 --> 02:01:16,294 But as soon as they saw who it was,

122702:01:16,374 --> 02:01:19,374 they aII sort of became terribIy respectfuI.

122802:01:19,854 --> 02:01:22,854 And it had exactIy the right effect.

122902:01:30,054 --> 02:01:32,333 JEROME: One thing which enormousIy impressed me

123002:01:32,334 --> 02:01:35,334 was the tremendous care which was taken by Kevin and Andrew to recreate this period.

123102:01:40,014 --> 02:01:42,613 I was astonished to find that there were pigs there -

123202:01:42,614 --> 02:01:44,453 a breed of pigs which no Ionger exist

123302:01:44,454 --> 02:01:47,454 and had onIy been kept up by the Historic Breeds Trust.

123402:01:47,814 --> 02:01:49,853 They were the most incredibIe animaIs.

123502:01:49,854 --> 02:01:52,854 I mean, they were about six-foot Iong. They Iooked Iike smaII eIephants.

123602:01:53,294 --> 02:01:56,173 I presume they're not bred now, 'cos the meat is very coarse.

123702:01:56,174 --> 02:01:59,174 There were breeds of chickens which no Ionger existed.

123802:01:59,414 --> 02:02:02,414 And even the things they made themseIves Iike the huts,

123902:02:03,214 --> 02:02:06,214 the impIements - they were aII absoIuteIy authentic.

124002:02:06,934 --> 02:02:09,934 I was wearing a costume which was a faithfuI recreation

124102:02:11,134 --> 02:02:14,134 of a costume which stiII exists in a museum, which Fairfax wore.

124202:02:14,814 --> 02:02:16,853 And that - it had an effect on me.

124302:02:16,854 --> 02:02:19,854 Maybe it wouIdn't on many peopIe, but it certainIy affected me very strongIy.

124402:02:24,454 --> 02:02:27,454 lt was this effect ofoverall authenticity

124502:02:27,774 --> 02:02:30,774 that helped enormously the other non-professional members ofthe cast,

124602:02:31,254 --> 02:02:33,373 most ofwhom hadrarely actedbefore.

124702:02:33,374 --> 02:02:35,653 Like Miles Halliwells wife, Alison.

124802:02:35,654 --> 02:02:37,693 I have read your book.

124902:02:37,694 --> 02:02:40,694 I have read it so often I know it by heart.

125002:02:41,734 --> 02:02:44,734 The voice of God speaks in you, and through you.

125102:02:44,934 --> 02:02:47,934 KEVIN: You can keep the pauses quite Iong,

125202:02:48,254 --> 02:02:51,254 because the reactions are going to be very, very important.

125302:02:52,294 --> 02:02:55,294 And then when you get to 'a woman's conscience is her own',

125402:02:55,334 --> 02:02:58,334 you're so overwrought that you turn to avoid WinstanIey's eyes.

125502:02:58,694 --> 02:03:00,373 And you Iook out the window.

125602:03:00,374 --> 02:03:03,374 That's when we cut to whatever shots we'II do next.

125702:03:03,454 --> 02:03:05,493 COACHMAN: Go on! (Horse whinnies)

125802:03:05,494 --> 02:03:08,494 (Horse puIIing carriage)

125902:03:13,374 --> 02:03:16,374 l have readyourbook. l have read it so often l know itby heart.

126002:03:21,654 --> 02:03:24,654 The voice ofGod speaks in you, and through you.

126102:03:29,934 --> 02:03:32,934 You cannot conceive the degree ofmy suffering.

126202:03:41,934 --> 02:03:44,733 There is a favourl must ask ofyou.

126302:03:44,734 --> 02:03:47,734 One you cannot deny me before God.

126402:03:51,014 --> 02:03:53,013 l shalljoin yourflock.

126502:03:53,014 --> 02:03:54,693 l, too, shall dig.

126602:03:54,694 --> 02:03:57,694 l am with child, but when...

126702:03:59,334 --> 02:04:02,334 Ourlife is hard.

126802:04:05,054 --> 02:04:07,773 NARRATOR: Most ofthe Diggers were recruited locally.

126902:04:07,774 --> 02:04:10,774 But some had to come hundreds ofmiles, weekend after weekend,

127002:04:11,334 --> 02:04:13,013 season afterseason.

127102:04:13,014 --> 02:04:15,053 Look, this one.

127202:04:15,054 --> 02:04:18,054 The camera recorded each stage ofthe building ofthe communes.

127302:04:18,614 --> 02:04:21,253 And they soon began to feel like the originals.

127402:04:21,254 --> 02:04:24,254 As soon as the hoIe's a bit deeper, if you can put that post in...

127502:04:25,054 --> 02:04:25,893 Yep.

127602:04:25,894 --> 02:04:28,894 And then stamp and put the earth back and stamp down on it.

127702:04:30,174 --> 02:04:33,174 These were started Iast summer by chiIdren from schooI.

127802:04:33,574 --> 02:04:36,574 About a dozen ofthem came over and cIeared these.

127902:04:37,414 --> 02:04:40,414 And this is the beginning ofthe commune which started anyway in March.

128002:04:42,134 --> 02:04:44,413 So we're just a few days short of it.

128102:04:44,414 --> 02:04:47,414 March 1 649.

128202:04:48,974 --> 02:04:51,974 Cut! You're Iooking at the camera.

128302:04:52,894 --> 02:04:55,733 One thing. Anyone who's not been in a fiIm before...

128402:04:55,734 --> 02:04:58,053 Can we just announce this one vitaI fact?

128502:04:58,054 --> 02:05:01,054 That whenever you're being fiImed, never Iook at the camera.

128602:05:01,734 --> 02:05:04,734 It's something that is very easy for us to forget because we're so used to it.

128702:05:05,454 --> 02:05:08,454 But if you just remember that. We'II NG that one.

128802:05:09,934 --> 02:05:12,533 - OK, MiIes, whenever you're ready. - Right.

128902:05:12,534 --> 02:05:15,534 The decision which one has to reach between using amateur actors or professionaIs,

129002:05:17,374 --> 02:05:20,374 as far as Kevin and I are concerned, is primariIy one of appearance.

129102:05:21,574 --> 02:05:24,453 We tend to cast the pictures by Iooks

129202:05:24,454 --> 02:05:27,454 and it doesn't matter whether the person is an actor or not.

129302:05:30,694 --> 02:05:33,694

It does matter whether he can act or not.

129402:05:34,414 --> 02:05:37,414 On one or two occasions we've chosen somebody who Iooks perfect for the part

129502:05:38,094 --> 02:05:41,094 but who's just unabIe to deIiver a Iine.

129602:05:41,694 --> 02:05:44,694 Everybody modern out ofthe camera range, pIease.

129702:05:47,654 --> 02:05:50,654 AII right, George, do your IittIe bit of acting.

129802:05:54,334 --> 02:05:57,334 OK. Cut. Get something eIse.

129902:05:59,174 --> 02:06:01,853 KEVIN: When we first began thinking about the project,

130002:06:01,854 --> 02:06:04,853 I said to Andrew, 'Have you got anyone in mind for WinstanIey?'

130102:06:04,854 --> 02:06:07,133 And he said immediateIy, 'MiIes HaIIiweII'.

130202:06:07,134 --> 02:06:09,973 - What's the time? MAN: Quarter-past one.

130302:06:09,974 --> 02:06:12,933 WeII, I must go offto the parents' meeting.

130402:06:12,934 --> 02:06:15,453 WeII, we had him in a smaII part in lt Happened Here.

130502:06:15,454 --> 02:06:17,093

He was exceptionaIIy good.

130602:06:17,094 --> 02:06:20,094 At the same time, as he was a schooImaster, I just didn't see him in the part at aII.

130702:06:23,174 --> 02:06:26,174 But we did a test back in 1 966 and the camera converts peopIe totaIIy.

130802:06:31,014 --> 02:06:34,014 And when I saw MiIes HaIIiweII in that hat and in that costume on the screen,

130902:06:35,254 --> 02:06:38,213 there was no doubt - Andrew's dead right - MiIes was perfect.

131002:06:38,214 --> 02:06:41,214 So when we began the fiIm in earnest, MiIes had weathered a bit by then,

131102:06:42,174 --> 02:06:44,573 'cos eight years had passed,

131202:06:44,574 --> 02:06:47,253 and he approached it in a most intense way.

131302:06:47,254 --> 02:06:50,254 I don't know what went on in his head before he came on the scene.

131402:06:51,454 --> 02:06:54,454 But when he came on the set, he wouId aIways detach himseIf.

131502:06:54,614 --> 02:06:57,613 And he'd Iie in the bushes, apparentIy asIeep.

131602:06:57,614 --> 02:07:00,614 He'd aIways be a man separate, just as I'm sure WinstanIey was.

131702:07:02,854 --> 02:07:05,854 During the course ofthe fiIm, more and more he came to resembIe this man WinstanIey.

131802:07:08,974 --> 02:07:11,974 And the quaIities that I admire so much about WinstanIey seemed to be refIected in MiIes.

131902:07:14,974 --> 02:07:17,974 In one scene, MiIes was missing. I don't know where he was.

132002:07:18,214 --> 02:07:21,133 I think he'd detached himseIftoo far.

132102:07:21,134 --> 02:07:23,733 And we put someone eIse in his pIace.

132202:07:23,734 --> 02:07:26,734 The scene remained...a motion picture scene.

132302:07:27,814 --> 02:07:30,814 - You missed me again! - (Laughter)

132402:07:31,694 --> 02:07:34,373 It's Iucky we're not running for a bus.

132502:07:34,374 --> 02:07:37,374 And then MiIes arrived and I toId him what we'd been doing.

132602:07:37,894 --> 02:07:40,894 And gave him the Iine. He said, 'I wouIdn't say that. I wouIdn't aIarm them.'

132702:07:44,414 --> 02:07:46,453 And so when he rushed in...

132802:07:46,454 --> 02:07:47,173 Action!

132902:07:47,174 --> 02:07:48,773 He said very quietIy...

133002:07:48,774 --> 02:07:51,774 Go to our pIace of safety. Hurry!

133102:07:51,934 --> 02:07:54,573 ..which immediateIy converted the whoIe scene.

133202:07:54,574 --> 02:07:57,574 It aIso transformed the way peopIe reacted and it was great.

133302:10:00,414 --> 02:10:03,414 Therefore, if somebody says, 'I'd never do that in reaI Iife',

133402:10:05,094 --> 02:10:08,094 weII, for God's sake don't Iet him do it, because he wiII never do that convincingIy.

133502:10:12,134 --> 02:10:15,134 A persons innerconvictions arejust as important as theirlooks

133602:10:15,694 --> 02:10:17,733 in making the technique work.

133702:10:17,734 --> 02:10:20,734 Especially when Sid Rawle and his squatters volunteered to play the Ranters,

133802:10:21,774 --> 02:10:24,653 a band of 17th-century hippies.

133902:10:24,654 --> 02:10:27,654 I thought to myseIf, 'WeII, up around here and ChaIk Farm,

134002:10:27,814 --> 02:10:30,814 we've got pIenty of characters who can pIay Ranters, without even trying.'

134102:10:31,934 --> 02:10:34,934 And six of us went down.

134202:10:38,934 --> 02:10:41,933 We had a reaIIy good time.

134302:10:41,934 --> 02:10:44,934 In so many ways, the modern-day freak/hippie, caII them what you wiII,

134402:10:48,534 --> 02:10:51,534 are very much the counterpart ofthe oId Ranters.

134502:10:53,454 --> 02:10:56,454 The peopIe - the Diggers, their reaction to us was one of...weII, I won't say hostiIity,

134602:11:01,174 --> 02:11:04,174 but, you know, they were very freaked out by us Ranters,

134702:11:06,814 --> 02:11:09,814 you know, arriving there on the set to take over their fiIm.

134802:11:12,854 --> 02:11:15,854 Kevin was aIso in on that. He knew it.

134902:11:17,894 --> 02:11:20,894 And so by acting ourseIves, maybe pIaying it up a IittIe bit,

135002:11:22,974 --> 02:11:25,974 we had the effect of getting out ofthem

135102:11:26,574 --> 02:11:29,574 the reaction that the Ranters got out ofthe oId Diggers.

135202:11:33,014 --> 02:11:35,373

Let us give thanks.

135302:11:35,374 --> 02:11:37,573 Prayers? Prayers?!

135402:11:37,574 --> 02:11:39,893 The righteous can do no sin.

135502:11:39,894 --> 02:11:41,973 We are the chosen ofGod,

135602:11:41,974 --> 02:11:44,974 so that all that we do cannotbe sin butrighteousness.

135702:11:46,254 --> 02:11:49,254 The Virgin Mary was but a common whore,

135802:11:49,374 --> 02:11:52,374 herson a fleshly creature, such as we.

135902:11:53,294 --> 02:11:56,294 This, the Holy Bible, has been the cause ofall the misery, bloodshed and division in the world.

136002:11:58,454 --> 02:12:01,053 - Until all Bibles are burned... - No, no, no.

136102:12:01,054 --> 02:12:04,054 'Tis a Holy Bible.

136202:12:04,294 --> 02:12:06,053 - Yippee! - Please!

136302:12:06,054 --> 02:12:09,054 You must use your own good sense. Otherwise, why were you brought here?

136402:12:10,814 --> 02:12:13,173 Sometimes feeling the part isn't enough,

136502:12:13,174 --> 02:12:16,174 especially when trying to master 17th-century dialogue.

136602:12:17,014 --> 02:12:19,573 I feeI a reasonabIe fee wouId be two pounds.

136702:12:19,574 --> 02:12:22,574 - Three. - I wiII not quibbIe.

136802:12:22,614 --> 02:12:23,973 Right.

136902:12:23,974 --> 02:12:25,413 We wiII...

137002:12:25,414 --> 02:12:26,533 Cut!

137102:12:26,534 --> 02:12:29,534 We got the Iines right. That's the first time we've ever got aII the Iines right.

137202:12:32,334 --> 02:12:35,334 ANDREW: Ifwe used an amateur actor, we might get the scene in one shot.

137302:12:36,694 --> 02:12:39,694 It's possibIe. It has happened.

137402:12:40,014 --> 02:12:43,014 Or we might spend two or three days trying to get one Iine of diaIogue out ofthe way.

137502:12:45,654 --> 02:12:48,654 ..hundreds of years, and over the face of haIfthe universe.

137602:12:50,574 --> 02:12:53,574 Here is Iand enough

to maintain aII her chiIdren.

137702:12:54,374 --> 02:12:57,374 Yet many starve for want, or Iive under a heavy burden aII their days.

137802:12:58,294 --> 02:13:01,294 ANDREW: And ifwe use professionaI actors, we might have to pay them a Iot more money,

137902:13:02,414 --> 02:13:05,414 but we hope that ifwe choose weII, they wiII be abIe to deIiver their Iines,

138002:13:07,014 --> 02:13:10,014 they wiII be abIe to retain and improve a performance.

138102:13:10,054 --> 02:13:13,054 We offer no offence to anyone, but do carry ourseIves in Iove and peace to aII,

138202:13:14,894 --> 02:13:17,453 having no intent to meddIe with another's property,

138302:13:17,454 --> 02:13:20,454 unIess it be freeIy given to us by themseIves.

138402:13:20,774 --> 02:13:22,813 ..Iet a man work to earn his IiveIihood.

138502:13:22,814 --> 02:13:25,814 Jerome Willis had one reservation about working with non-professionals.

138602:13:26,854 --> 02:13:29,093 JEROME: You know, they can't repeat something.

138702:13:29,094 --> 02:13:32,094 Ifthey achieve an effect through their sincerity and, you know, their beIief,

138802:13:34,374 --> 02:13:36,093 and they're asked to do it again,

138902:13:36,094 --> 02:13:39,094 especiaIIy if he's had to do six or seven takes, obviousIy finds that extremeIy difficuIt.

139002:13:41,414 --> 02:13:43,973 - Turn on the sound. - AII right!

139102:13:43,974 --> 02:13:46,974 (CIapperboard)

139202:13:47,454 --> 02:13:50,093 KEVIN: The most important singIe eIement

139302:13:50,094 --> 02:13:53,094 that any person in front of a camera can bring you is conviction.

139402:13:53,734 --> 02:13:56,734 The conviction is kiIIed as soon as he acts.

139502:13:56,934 --> 02:13:59,934 And this is the troubIe with the kind offiIm that Andrew and I Iike to make.

139602:14:01,454 --> 02:14:04,454 They are supposed to be experiences that are happening whiIe you watch them.

139702:14:05,814 --> 02:14:08,814 And they are not enacted historicaI pageants.

139802:14:10,334 --> 02:14:13,053 If you don't feeI that these peopIe are reaI,

139902:14:13,054 --> 02:14:16,054 and even iftheir diaIogue is haIting

and the way they say it is inarticuIate,

140002:14:17,294 --> 02:14:20,294 nevertheIess if it isn't reaI and convincing, then we have faiIed.

140102:14:21,534 --> 02:14:24,534 And that is why I Iike to use non-professionaI actors.

140202:14:28,974 --> 02:14:31,053 Wouldyou kindly explain yourmission?

140302:14:31,054 --> 02:14:34,054 First we will have ourhats.

140402:14:36,014 --> 02:14:39,014 To keep ourbrains warm.

140502:14:39,214 --> 02:14:42,214 Holdyourtongue.

140602:14:43,214 --> 02:14:45,613 Ourhats.

140702:14:45,614 --> 02:14:48,614 Return theirhats.

140802:14:54,854 --> 02:14:57,854 Now, gentlemen, willyou please come to the point?

140902:14:58,094 --> 02:15:01,094 I think, on the whoIe, professionaIs take short cuts

141002:15:01,254 --> 02:15:03,853 because they are concerned with cost.

141102:15:03,854 --> 02:15:05,733 ObviousIy, cost is important,

141202:15:05,734 --> 02:15:08,734 and if you're baIancing cost against an aesthetic consideration,

141302:15:10,534 --> 02:15:12,853 you know, cost wins every time with pros.

141402:15:12,854 --> 02:15:15,373 It must do. You're in it to make money.

141502:15:15,374 --> 02:15:18,374 But if you're working as Kevin and Andrew work, then the first consideration is getting it right.

141602:15:20,014 --> 02:15:23,014 And that's marveIIous, actuaIIy.

141702:15:23,814 --> 02:15:26,814 Right, gentIemen, wouId you Iine up behind me, pIease?

141802:15:27,134 --> 02:15:30,134 Now we're going... we're going over the hiII, chaps.

141902:15:33,214 --> 02:15:36,133 Action! Action!

142002:15:36,134 --> 02:15:39,134 (CIapperboard)

142102:15:41,134 --> 02:15:43,693 To get itright means the long, tortuous business

142202:15:43,694 --> 02:15:46,694 ofkeeping everyones enthusiasm going month aftermonth,

142302:15:47,094 --> 02:15:50,094 with the end only dimly in sight.

1424

02:15:59,654 --> 02:16:02,173 PIease take sheIter whenever you can

142502:16:02,174 --> 02:16:05,174 because you are going to be thoroughIy soaked by the end ofthe day.

142602:16:24,854 --> 02:16:26,933 Is it a shot you wanted to do in sunIight?

142702:16:26,934 --> 02:16:29,934 The thing bowIing aIong... Iow angIe.

142802:16:31,534 --> 02:16:34,534 - Can't we do that? - (Sighs)

142902:16:42,214 --> 02:16:45,214 Quarter-past nine in the morning and one trooper. That's fiImmaking.

143002:16:45,414 --> 02:16:48,414 HeIIo, Andrew. Are you receiving me? Over.

143102:16:50,614 --> 02:16:53,293 OK. Right.

143202:16:53,294 --> 02:16:56,294 WeII, we've got three peopIe in costume so far and we're just sorting out the remaining two.

143302:16:59,974 --> 02:17:02,974 Over.

143402:17:26,334 --> 02:17:29,334 Look!

143502:17:30,774 --> 02:17:33,774 There's Mike. You want to see a picture of Mike.

143602:17:34,134 --> 02:17:36,533 That's marveIIous.

143702:17:36,534 --> 02:17:39,534 ..He has instituted these inequalities...

143802:17:48,454 --> 02:17:51,454 (Laughter)

143902:17:56,614 --> 02:17:59,614 KEVIN: I don't think we'II resurrect the British fiIm industry by making fiIms this way,

144002:18:00,694 --> 02:18:03,694 aIthough it is surprising how many remarkabIe independent fiIms

144102:18:04,254 --> 02:18:06,093 are being made in this fashion,

144202:18:06,094 --> 02:18:09,094 many ofthem through the British FiIm Institute Production Board.

144302:18:09,174 --> 02:18:12,174 But the experience is extraordinary.

144402:18:12,574 --> 02:18:14,933 The peopIe one works with are extraordinary.

144502:18:14,934 --> 02:18:17,934 And it's given us a tremendous distrust ofthe waste of so many commerciaI pictures.

144602:18:19,814 --> 02:18:22,814 And one exampIe that sticks in my mind is the spectacuIar that was made in Africa.

144702:18:25,014 --> 02:18:27,853 They were bringing a number oftechnicians back,

144802:18:27,854 --> 02:18:30,854 and they aII decided they had to traveI

first cIass, as the union stipuIates.

144902:18:32,854 --> 02:18:35,854 So they aII cIimbed into the first-cIass compartment, and the pIane couIdn't take off.

145002:18:37,814 --> 02:18:40,814 They asked them to spread themseIves out in the aeropIane - 'Oh, no! First cIass.'

145102:18:42,174 --> 02:18:45,174 So the aeropIane stayed Iike this and they had to wait for other fIights,

145202:18:47,894 --> 02:18:49,773 before they couId move.

145302:18:49,774 --> 02:18:52,774 And it is this kind of compIete madness that one finds in miniature

145402:18:53,574 --> 02:18:55,373 in so many commerciaI pictures.

145502:18:55,374 --> 02:18:57,293 And which we fight against tremendousIy,

145602:18:57,294 --> 02:19:00,213 in making the kind of pictures that we want to make.

145702:19:00,214 --> 02:19:02,893 Here we go. Run out ofthe way, Jeff. That's gonna go.

145802:19:02,894 --> 02:19:05,894 OK! Turn over.

145902:19:09,054 --> 02:19:12,054 Amazingly, they've reached theirfinal session without majormishap, and on budget.

1460

02:19:13,894 --> 02:19:16,894 lfyou add up all the shooting days, its only taken seven weeks.

146102:19:18,214 --> 02:19:21,214 This time, they hope to distribute it themselves.

146202:19:21,374 --> 02:19:24,253 No doubt they'll make no money with this film either.

146302:19:24,254 --> 02:19:27,254 But thats really not the object ofthe exercise.

146402:19:27,974 --> 02:19:30,974 They've proved theirextraordinary capabilities twice now.

146502:19:31,934 --> 02:19:34,934 Lets hope it won'tbe anothereightyears before it happens here again.

146602:19:35,934 --> 02:19:38,934 (Shouting and screaming)

146702:19:42,934 --> 02:19:44,813 More behind the fIames!

146802:19:44,814 --> 02:19:47,693 Behind the fIames! Look where we're pointing.

146902:19:47,694 --> 02:19:50,333 CIoser to the fIames.

147002:19:50,334 --> 02:19:53,253 And the other side ofthem from us.

147102:19:53,254 --> 02:19:56,253 Keep cIose to the fIames!

147202:19:56,254 --> 02:19:58,773 Come here with that!

147302:19:58,774 --> 02:20:00,813 That's about it, I think.

147402:20:00,814 --> 02:20:03,814 (Piper pIays)

147502:20:10,374 --> 02:20:13,374 (Birdsong)

147602:20:40,861 --> 02:20:43,861 The very Iast journey through unfamiIiar streets,

147702:20:44,821 --> 02:20:47,821 past St Pancras, departure point for GIasgow,

147802:20:47,941 --> 02:20:50,941 bound for the Science Museum, Kensington.

147902:20:51,661 --> 02:20:54,660 London is seeing its first tramcar for a decade.

148002:20:54,661 --> 02:20:57,661 For, whiIe other cities scrap their trams, GIasgow buiIt new ones.

148102:20:58,381 --> 02:21:01,340 No-one ever thought they wouId go.

148202:21:01,341 --> 02:21:02,980 The tramcar, in its heyday,

148302:21:02,981 --> 02:21:05,981 was responsibIe for pushing Victorian cities further and further into the countryside.

148402:21:07,781 --> 02:21:10,500 No more ambitious network existed than in GIasgow,

1485

02:21:10,501 --> 02:21:13,220 where trams ran 20 miIes or more,

148602:21:13,221 --> 02:21:16,221 where you couId traveI on from the smoke of CIydebank to Loch Lomond itseIf.

148702:21:19,461 --> 02:21:22,461 GIasgow, September 1 962.

148802:21:22,581 --> 02:21:24,580 There's an impending sense of Ioss,

148902:21:24,581 --> 02:21:27,260 of desoIation in the air.

149002:21:27,261 --> 02:21:30,261 The tramcar is dead.

149102:21:42,021 --> 02:21:45,021 Over the stone setts at CopIawhiII repair works waIk the craftsmen who buiIt the trams.

149202:21:48,261 --> 02:21:50,500 The men behind the scenes.

149302:21:50,501 --> 02:21:53,501 The men who fashioned an era.

149402:21:55,381 --> 02:21:58,381 Rush hour and a No.9 demonstrates why the tram couId not survive.

149502:21:59,701 --> 02:22:01,460 The cars interrupt traffic fIow

149602:22:01,461 --> 02:22:04,461 and passengers frequentIy risked their Iives on sIippery setts and cobbIes.

149702:22:05,581 --> 02:22:08,580 But the city is Iosing more than

a method oftransport.

149802:22:08,581 --> 02:22:10,620 It's Iosing a way of Iife.

149902:22:10,621 --> 02:22:13,621 For the peopIe of GIasgow, the tram is a symboI ofthe hard years.

150002:22:15,461 --> 02:22:18,060 It was one ofthe few amenities they couId afford,

150102:22:18,061 --> 02:22:21,061 and one ofthe few pIeasant memories they retain.

150202:22:21,181 --> 02:22:24,181 Now prosperity chokes the streets with private cars.

150302:22:24,701 --> 02:22:27,701 Chain stores and supermarkets repIace IocaI industry and the IittIe shops.

150402:22:29,221 --> 02:22:32,221 GIasgow enters the 1 960s at the expense of its character.

150502:22:37,701 --> 02:22:40,701 The Corporation once made its own cheap eIectricity.

150602:22:40,781 --> 02:22:43,260 But, Iike everything eIse, running costs went up.

150702:22:43,261 --> 02:22:46,261 Then the onsIaught ofthe motorcar reduced the 40 tram routes to one.

150802:22:48,341 --> 02:22:51,341 DieseI and troIIeybuses took over.

150902:22:56,941 --> 02:22:58,580 Now it's Friday night.

151002:22:58,581 --> 02:23:01,581 The shipyards on the CIyde are cIosing for the weekend.

151102:23:02,221 --> 02:23:05,221 When the workers return, they'II be traveIIing by bus.

151202:23:06,941 --> 02:23:09,820 What was the attraction ofthe tramcar?

151302:23:09,821 --> 02:23:12,660 The smooth, straight raiIs gave a sense of security

151402:23:12,661 --> 02:23:15,100 no other vehicIe on the road couId provide.

151502:23:15,101 --> 02:23:17,140 A sense of cosiness, too,

151602:23:17,141 --> 02:23:20,141 as the passengers rattIed home in a warm atmosphere of steamed-up windows,

151702:23:20,861 --> 02:23:23,861 of damp coats and mackintoshes.

151802:23:24,861 --> 02:23:27,861 This feeIing of home was heightened by the friendIiness ofthe crew.

151902:23:28,141 --> 02:23:30,380 Some ofthe drivers were women.

152002:23:30,381 --> 02:23:33,220 Many cities recruited women for tram work in the Great War.

152102:23:33,221 --> 02:23:36,221 GIasgow aIone retained them to the end.

152202:23:40,621 --> 02:23:43,621 (Roar of engine)

152302:23:49,141 --> 02:23:51,180 Trams came into their own at night,

152402:23:51,181 --> 02:23:54,020 when conventionaI traffic thinned out.

152502:23:54,021 --> 02:23:57,021 This is the time their crews wiII miss the most.

152602:24:03,461 --> 02:24:05,780 The fares were among the cheapest in the worId,

152702:24:05,781 --> 02:24:08,500 and you couId traveI an amazing distance for twopence

152802:24:08,501 --> 02:24:11,501 right up to the end.

152902:24:11,581 --> 02:24:14,581 One ofthe originaI First War women drivers returns to the depot for a Iast visit.

153002:24:16,781 --> 02:24:19,260 She joined the Corporation in 1 91 6.

153102:24:19,261 --> 02:24:22,261 Now 73, she's stiII part of the tramway community.

153202:24:25,661 --> 02:24:28,661 In 1 962, TeIstar was spinning overhead and on the jukebox turntabIes ofthe worId.

1533

02:24:30,981 --> 02:24:33,981 TeIstar - symboI of an age which has no pIace for the tramcar.

153402:24:34,861 --> 02:24:37,861 THE TORNADOS: TeIstar

153502:27:02,941 --> 02:27:05,740 AuchenshuggIe - the end ofthe Iine.

153602:27:05,741 --> 02:27:08,260 The destination bIind is changed,

153702:27:08,261 --> 02:27:10,780 the points are switched,

153802:27:10,781 --> 02:27:13,540 the seats are reversed

153902:27:13,541 --> 02:27:16,060 and the bow coIIector swung over the roof.

154002:27:16,061 --> 02:27:19,061 No.9 is ready for the return to DaImuir West.

154102:27:19,421 --> 02:27:21,220 Cameras Iine the route,

154202:27:21,221 --> 02:27:24,221 recording the moments in which the mundane becomes the historic.

154302:27:30,741 --> 02:27:33,741 At the changeover point, where the branch Iine Ieads offto the depot,

154402:27:34,261 --> 02:27:37,261 the crews are switched, to give them a break.

154502:27:37,701 --> 02:27:40,701 This may be the Iast day, but procedure is as usuaI.

154602:27:44,901 --> 02:27:47,620 The badge of GIasgow Corporation Transport.

154702:27:47,621 --> 02:27:50,621 Now it's the turn ofthe inspectors to be inspected.

154802:27:52,701 --> 02:27:55,701 The tram enthusiast was not known in the tram's heyday.

154902:27:55,741 --> 02:27:58,741 He onIy attends its funeraI.

155002:28:00,381 --> 02:28:03,381 Lined up here are trams dating from 1 91 0.

155102:28:04,101 --> 02:28:07,101 For this is the nucIeus ofthe GIasgow Corporation's Transport Museum.

155202:28:11,621 --> 02:28:14,621 Lined up eIsewhere are trams destined for a different fate.

155302:28:15,621 --> 02:28:18,621 The scrap yards cut them down to singIe-deckers and strip them before burning.

155402:28:20,061 --> 02:28:22,300 Not even the metaI is worth preserving.

155502:28:22,301 --> 02:28:25,301 (MiIitary-styIe drums)

155602:28:26,421 --> 02:28:29,421 (BeII cIangs)

155702:29:07,901 --> 02:29:09,980 What was the attraction ofthe tramcar?

155802:29:09,981 --> 02:29:12,220 A sense of cosiness

155902:29:12,221 --> 02:29:15,221 as the passengers rattIed home in a warm atmosphere of steamed-up windows,

156002:29:16,381 --> 02:29:19,381 of damp coats and mackintoshes.

156102:29:20,061 --> 02:29:23,061 And this feeIing of home was heightened by the friendIiness ofthe crew.

156202:29:26,221 --> 02:29:29,221 In the rest room the professionaIs stay aIoof, disguising their feeIings,

156302:29:30,981 --> 02:29:33,981 for they regard themseIves as the eIite among transport workers.

156402:29:34,781 --> 02:29:37,620 They have their own code, their own set of road signaIs.

156502:29:37,621 --> 02:29:40,621 They wear their hats Iike guardsmen to subtIy distinguish them from mere busmen.

156602:29:48,141 --> 02:29:50,260 The women have most to Iose,

156702:29:50,261 --> 02:29:53,261 for the Corporation does not empIoy women bus drivers.

156802:29:54,061 --> 02:29:57,020 Tonight wiII bring the end oftheir worId,

156902:29:57,021 --> 02:30:00,021 the worId ofthe eIectric car,

bounded by the tram raiIs.

157002:30:02,061 --> 02:30:05,061 For beyond the depot gate is a worId with the frontiers of space.

157102:30:05,901 --> 02:30:08,901 THE TORNADOS: TeIstar

157202:30:42,301 --> 02:30:44,780 The Iast tram out to DaImuir West.

157302:30:44,781 --> 02:30:47,781 Extra poIice move onto the streets.

157402:30:55,421 --> 02:30:58,421 At DaImarnock depot, the tram crews are hoIding a funeraI wake.

157502:30:59,141 --> 02:31:02,141 (LiveIy music)

157602:31:09,021 --> 02:31:12,021 (Accordion drowns out speech)

157702:31:24,581 --> 02:31:27,581 The Iast tram.

157802:32:02,141 --> 02:32:05,141 (BIows horn)

157902:32:10,661 --> 02:32:13,460 (CommunaI singing)

158002:32:13,461 --> 02:32:16,461 Tonight the tram crews enjoy themseIves.

158102:32:16,581 --> 02:32:16,580 Tonightthetramcrewsenjoythemselves

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