1

Wine-Grower-News #271 5-15-14 Midwest Grape & Wine Industry Institute: http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Wine

Information in this issue includes:

Two Common Early Season Diseases to Look for Now Should your winery be listed on Winecraze?

6th Annual International Cold Climate Wine Competition 5-20, Vineyard Trellising Workshop – Sturgeon Bay, WI

Upper Midwest Winners at the Riverside International Wine Competition Upper Midwest Winners at the Intl. Tasters Guild Wine Competition Winerywise & Vinewise– Online Sustainable Tools from WA State

5-27, IGGVA Bootcamp 4: Finishing and Bottling 6-(3 & 4), Understanding Wine Filtration & Winery Sanitation – ISU

6-7, Fruit Winemaking Workshop – Staples, MN 6-7, 8th Annual Swine Festival (where cork meets pork)

6-(16-18), IL State Fair Amateur Wine Competition 7-(14-15), Intensive Tasting Proficiency Training - ISU

Get Ready for Iowa State Fair Wine Competitions 6-9, Society of Wine Educators CSW & CSS Exams – ISU

U.S. Total precipitation map for the last 120 days Show n Tell Neeto-Keeno Stuff Videos of Interest

Marketing Tidbits Notable Quotables Comments from Readers (bud stage & critical frost temperature)

Articles of Interest Calendar of Events

Two Common Early Season Diseases to Look for Now Anthracnose , aka Birds Eye Rot (Elsinoe ampelina) is an early season fungus disease that is primarily controlled by dormant applications of liquid lime sulfur or Sulforix just prior to budbreak. Anthracnose overwinters as dormant sclerotia that when become wet will release spores and conidia for further infection of the newly forming shoots and leaves. Temperatures in the range of 36-90°F and 12-24 hr. periods of wet weather are key to the spread of this disease. Foliar fungicide sprays for this disease should Anthracnose leaf lesions

2

begin for Anthracnose at ½” shoot lengths and continue as needed every 5-10 days depending on label recommendations. The potential of further infection declines during the summer months. Phomopsis Cane & Leaf Spot, aka Dead Arm (Phomopsis viticola) is an early season fungus disease favored by wet weather and optimum temperatures in the 50-68°F range. Leaf symptoms show up as small brown-black dots surrounded by yellow halos. Shoot infections show up as elongated lesions or cracks. Rachis infections typically occur early when the cluster first appears up through 3” shoot growth. Rachis infections can result in late season fruit drop. The fruit is infected around the bloom

stage. Infected berries turn soft and brown around harvest and will have many small black raised pimples on the berry skin. Protectant fungicides applications should begin at 1” shoot

Phomoposis Leaf Symptoms growth up until fruit set.

Pesticide measures to control these two early season diseases of grapes can be found in the 2014 Midwest Small Fruit and Grape Spray Guide found here:

https://store.extension.iastate.edu/ItemDetail.aspx?ProductID=4796 Note: This would be a good time to review your early season grape disease management options by viewing the April 2012 Northern Grapes Project Webinar: Grape Disease Management Basics (and All about Anthracnose) by Patty McManus and Wayne Wilcox. 1:12 hr. here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Bc5vdsjbI0&feature=youtu.be

Should your winery be listed on Winecraze? WineCraze.com is a winery tourism blog designed to help wine lovers discover destination wineries in person or on the web and to help wineries increase web traffic and direct-to-consumer wine sales. They currently have 1,146 North American destination wineries listed on their site directory and thousands of winery videos. FREE listings include a winery address, phone number and a link to their website. FREE listings are available to any destination winery that has invested in visitor amenities to attract winery tourists and has created the infrastructure to ship wine. In addition to standard free listings, Silver and Gold member wineries have the ability to add photo galleries,

automatically post Facebook feeds, add details to an event calendar, list remote tasting rooms, promote onsite restaurants and lodging facilities.

Bartenders would keep a watch on the alcohol consumption of the patrons; keeping an eye on the pints and quarts that were consumed. As a reminder to the patrons, the bartender would recommend they "mind their Ps and Qs"

3

Silver memberships are just $15/month while Gold memberships are $25/month. Membership is month-to-month and requires no long-term commitment. The wineries listed in Iowa are Jasper – Des Moines, Park Farm – Bankston, Santa Maria – Carroll, Stone Cliff – Dubuque and Tassel Ridge – Leighton. You can view the U.S. map of wineries listed here: http://winecraze.com/winery-map/

5-20, Vineyard Trellising Workshop – Sturgeon Bay, WI What: At this workshop you will learn the fundamentals of VSP and High Cordon trellis design, and techniques for training your vines to the trellis. After lunch, participants will go outside to the Teaching Vineyard to watch a trellis system being installed. When: 10 a.m. to 3 p.m., Tuesday, May 20th, 2014 Where: Peninsular Agricultural Research Station (PARS) PARS/NWTC Teaching Vineyard 4312 Wisconsin 42, Sturgeon Bay, WI 54307 (just north of the Hwy 42/57 split) Who: Dean Volenberg UW-Extension Agriculture Agent, Door County Agenda: 10:00 am: Grape Trellis Design

11:00 am: Training Vines To The Trellis 12:00 noon: Lunch (provided) 1:00 pm: Building a Trellis – demonstrated outdoors in the Teaching Vineyard 2:30 pm: Question and Answer Session and Wrap-up 3:00 pm: Adjourn Cost: $25 registration fee includes lunch. Register through NWTC by calling 1-888-385- 6982 or online Course #53924, Trellis Workshop, Summer 2014 session Registration Deadline: Noon, Friday 5-16-14

6th Annual International Cold Climate Wine Competition North America’s Only Wine Competition Dedicated Exclusively to Cold-Climate Cultivars. Online registration opens May 16th, 2014, for all commercial wineries producing wine from the 38 qualifying cold-hardy grape varieties. Registration, information and competition rules can be found on this official website: http://www.mngrapegrowers.com/competition

4

For more information: lynn.white@nwtc.edu Sponsored by: NWTC, UW-Extension, UW-Madison, VESTA

Upper Midwest Winners at the Riverside International Wine Competition

The 33rd Riverside International Wine Competition was held on May 9 & 10 at the South Coast Spa & Resort in Temecula, CA. Eleven panels of 44 judges judged over 1,900 wines during these two days. Congratulations to these Upper Midwest wineries who received awards this year:

IL: Blue Sky Vineyard – Makanda MN: Carlos Creek Winery - Alexandria KS: Holyfield Winery – Basehor Chankaska Creek & Ranch - Kasota Whitetail Run Winery – Edgerton Indian Island Winery - Janesville MO: Augusta Winey – Augusta, Parley Lake Winery - Waconia Blumenhof Winery – Dutzow NE: Feather River Winery – North Platte Les Bourgeois Winery – Rocheport WI: Cedar Creek Winery – Cedarburg Montelle Winery – Augusta Elmaro Winery - Trempealeau St. James Winery – St. James Wollersheim Winery – Prairie du Sac Twisted Vine Vineyard - Fulton View the results here: http://www.riversidewinecompetition.com/2014-competition/

Upper Midwest Winners at the Intl. Tasters Guild Wine Competition The 27th International Tasters Guild Wine Competition was held in Grand Rapids, MI from April 30th to May 3rd this year. Thirty experienced judges evaluated over 2,000 wines from 8 countries and 37 states/provinces. Tasters Guild International a Wine and Food Appreciation Society was formed in 1987. The Tasters Guild consists of over 30 active chapters throughout the country that bring together consumers, wine, food and the wine and food service industries.

Before thermometers were invented, brewers would dip a thumb or finger into the liquid to determine the ideal temperature for adding yeast. This is one of the origins for the phrase “rules of thumb”

From: Fun Facts About Wine & Its History

5

Here are the wineries in the Upper Midwest who won medals at this year’s competition: IA: Ackerman Winery – Amana ND: Dakota Sun Gardens - Carrington Breezy Hills – Minden NE: Mac’s Creek Winery - Lexington Calico Skies – Inwood Miletta Vista Winery – St. Paul Eagle City Winery – Iowa Falls Soaring Wings - Springfield Eagles Landing Winery – Marquette SD: Prairie Berry Winery – Hill City The Winery at Kirkwood – Cedar Rapids WI: Captains Walk Winery – Green Bay Wide River Winery – Clinton Cedar Creek Winery - Cedarburg MN: Crow River Winery – Hutchinson Forgotten Fire Winery - Marinette Forestedge Winery – Laporte Harbor Ridge Winery – Egg Harbor MO: Blumenhof Winery – Dutzow Orchard Country Winery – Fish Creek St. James Winery – St. James Staller Estate Winery - Delavan West Winery - Macon Von Stiehl Winery - Algoma Wollersheim Winery – Prairie du Sac View the results here: http://www.tastersguild.com/judgings/2014-int-l-wine-judging

Winerywise & Vinewise– Online Sustainable Tools from WA State These two Online guides were created by and for the Washington State wineries and vineyards to provide tools to evaluate their vineyard and winery practices, compare these practices to industry standards of sustainability, and to plan and implement sustainable management strategies. These tools help to develop management practices that are environmentally sound, economically feasible and socially equitable, builds a solid framework to achieve sustainability and carry their businesses into the future. Both guides use a three step series of self-assessment and evaluation forms for covering specific sustainable winemaking practices and business topics. They are:

Checklists Assessment Form Action Plan

Vinewisetm includes 13 topics, but will cover additional topics as needed or identified by the Washington vineyard industry:

• Business Plan • Chemical Management • Contracts • Crop Insurance • Human Resources • Lending • Marketing Plans • Pest Management • Soil Management • Vineyard Site Selection • Viticulture • Water Management • Whole Farm Ecosystem Winerywisetm currently includes 9 topics. Intended to be a dynamic Guide, additional topics will be added as needed or identified by the Washington winery industry:

Energy Efficiency Waste Management Preferred Purchasing

Water Management Staffing, Safety and HR Community Outreach

Education and Research Material Handling Site Development

6

Wineries and vineyards outside of the state of Washington can also use these tools FREE of Charge. Neeto Keeno!

5-27, IGGVA Bootcamp 4: Finishing and Bottling When: 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Tuesday, May 27, 2014 Kickapoo Creek Winery, Edwards, IL Comments: You’ve made all the final winemaking

decisions regarding blending, additions, and fining. Now all you have to do is get the wine in the bottle and off to the tasting room or 3rd-party retailer. No problem, right? Well, it’s been revealed time and time again that wineries which fail to devote thoughtful time and energy to the finishing and bottling process are more likely to suffer from instability issues, refermentations, shorter shelf life, and most often simple, mediocre wines. How do you know your final filtration is working properly? Are there any last-minute tweaks that could take this wine from good to great? How can I create a label and package that will encourage retail success?

Who: These questions and more will be addressed by Midwest wine all-star Ellie Butz – Vintage Winery Consultants, Illinois enology specialist Bradley Beam, design and

marketing specialist Rebecca Ritz of Bauerhaus Designs, and Kyle Cox of Eclipse ProcessTechnologies. Kyle will also be on hand to show us a variety of filtration options such as cross-flow, as well as demonstrate a filter integrity test. We’re also planning a packaging session that is sure to help wineries take the next step toward retail competitiveness. This event should do a lot for your finishing process, and hopefully improve quality, shelf-life, and sales success of your wines!

Topics include:

Pre-Bottling Sensory Analysis Balance and Palate Adjustments Oxygen Concerns at Bottling Tartrate and Protein Stability Filtration Concerns and Integrity Testing Optimizing Package Design for Improved Retail Sales

Cost: $15 for IGGVA members/$30 non-members. Lunch will be provided. Advance registration is required: by Friday, May 23 via email: brad@illinoiswine.com

6-(3 & 4), Understanding Wine Filtration & Winery Sanitation - ISU When: 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 pm. Tuesday, June 3, 2014: Separation Anxiety – Observational Insights to Understanding Wine Filtration 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Wednesday, June 4, 2014: Dirty Cellar Secrets – Winery Sanitation Who: Maria Peterson, Filtration Specialist, Scott Laboratories. (Wine Filtration) Randy Worobo, Professor Dept. of Food Science, Cornell Univ. (Winery Sanitation)

7

Cost: Attend both seminars at a discounted rate Single Seminar rate (per workshop) $125/person for Iowa registrants $75/person for Iowa registrants

$160/person for out‐of‐state registrants $95/person for out-of-state registrants Sponsored by: ISU Midwest Grape & Wine Industry Institute Registration Deadline: May 28 Iowa residents @ http://goo.gl/SqbVdl

Out‐of State @ http://goo.gl/7nhBf9

Questions: Tammi Martin, tkmartin@iastate.edu or 515‐294‐3308 Details: http://www.extension.iastate.edu/wine/upcomingevents

6-7, Fruit Winemaking Workshop – Staples, MN What: A workshop designed to teach you how to be a commercial fruit winemaker. Fruit winemaking is complex and the results are often very sweet, or have stability and flavor issues, which have made general consumer acceptance a problem. When: 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Saturday, June 7th, 2014 Where: Ag Center at Central Lakes College 26505 Co. Rd. 2, Staples, MN 56479

Who: Enologist (wine chemist) Dennis Emslie Drummond has over 33 years’ experience in the wine business and teaches the online Fruit Wine S class for VESTA at Central Lakes College.

Cost: $99 each. A wine tasting and luncheon is included. Contact: demsliedrummond@clcmn.edu or 218-894-5133

Full Details: HERE

6-(16-18), IL State Fair Amateur Wine Competition What: Illinois State Fair’s amateur wine competition. Open to all Midwest amateur wine makers and hard cider producers.

Where: Lincoln Land Community College, but is not open

to the public.

Cost: $15 per entry. Entry applications, rules and

8

requirements can be found on-line at http://www.illinoiswine.com/competitions.htmlor

by contacting Megan Pressnall, IGGVA Director of External Relations at 217-726-

8518 or megan@illinoiswine.com

Deadline for entries: June 11, 2014 Note: Information on the Illinois State Fair’s commercial wine competition can be found on the same site. The deadline is the same, but ONLY Illinois commercial wineries can enter.

7-(14-15), Intensive Tasting Proficiency Training - ISU When: 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. each day, Monday/Tuesday, July 14-15, 2014 Where: Midwest Grape and Wine Industry Institute, Food Sciences Building - Iowa State University Agenda: This workshop will benefit both beginners and established professionals who wish to produce, sell, serve, purchase, or simply enjoy quality wine! This course can be used to certify those who wish to volunteer for the Iowa Quality Wine Consortium (IQWC) sensory panel. Participants will learn a variety of skills in wine evaluation to become proficient in tasting wines critically. The workshops begin with the major components in wine including sugars, acids, alcohols and tannins. Exercises will be completed in white and red wine aroma identification, varietal identification, wine flaws and faults, and consistency in scoring among others. This is a 2-day intensive workshop. We will meet from 9 am – 4:30 pm each day (with a 90 minute break for participants to leave for lunch).

What: 8th Annual Swine Festival (where cork meets pork) When: 4 – 8 p.m. Saturday, June 7th, 2014 Where: Des Moines Area Community College, Ankeny, IA Central Iowa’s finest chefs and Iowa wineries. Chefs will prepare samples of gourmet pork offerings while wineries will pour samples and offer wine for sale. Also see the many vendors. Details: http://swinefestival.com/

9

Participants who attend this workshop may test their proficiency if they wish. Separate testing date TBD. Those who pass the proficiency test have the option to volunteer on the IQWC sensory certification panel. Cost: IQWC members (& current tasting panelists): N/A (included with membership) Non-members: $50 per person Reservations: Space is limited. Contact Tammi Martin, Midwest Grape and Wine Industry Institute, 515-294-3308, tkmartin@iastate.edu (Participants must be at least 21 years of age). For IQWC membership information: contact Joan O’Brien, Iowa Wine Growers Association, 515-262-8323, joano@agribiz.org

Get Ready for Iowa State Fair Wine Competitions Amateur Division: Entry fee $5 for each wine submitted by July 1st. $10 for

wines submitted July 2-8th. Judging Date: 7-26-14 Details: http://www.iowastatefair.org/upl/downloads/competition/premium-books/2014-oenology-23.pdf Commercial Wine Division: Entry fee $25 for each wine submitted by July 1st, $50 for wine submitted July 2-8th. Judging Date: 7-13-14 Double Gold medal commercial wines will be eligible to be sampled at the Iowa State Fair Wine Experience at Grandfather’s Barn, August 7-17. Approximately 5 cases will be purchased at wholesale price and samples (for a fee) will be handled by the superintendent of Grandfather’s Barn. A description of the Double Gold medal wines will be included on the menu board at the sampling location. Double Gold winners will be contacted after judging with more details. Details: http://www.iowastatefair.org/upl/downloads/competition/premium-books/2014-oenology-23.pdf

Amateur and Commercial Iowa Wine winners will be on display in Grandfather’s Barn from 9:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. each day of the Fair, Aug. 7-17, 2014. Iowa State Fair / Nothing Compares: http://www.iowastatefair.org/

10

Show n Tell

. (Left) ISU – Birthplace of Cooperative Extension. Sign along sidewalk on the ISU campus.

Neeto Keeno 1. Matchstick Marvel Museum – Gladbrook, IA: http://www.matchstickmarvels.com/ (I wonder if he could build a winery?)

2. Regulating Airflow of an Orchard Airblast Sprayer with a Laser, 2009: http://128.227.177.113/pa/Publications/Pai_Salyani_Sweeb_2009.pdf

(Above) Anthracnose lesions on Brianna grape. 5-14-14 Ryan Krull – IDALS (Left) Anthracnose lesions on Frontenac grape 5-14-14 – mlw Our recent cool wet conditions have been perfect for grape anthracnose infections. If you did not spray liquid lime sulfur or Sulforix prior to bud break, best start your spray program soon. mlw

11

U.S. Total precipitation map for the last 120 days

U.S. Total precipitation map for the last 120 days (5-15-14)

Videos of Interest 1. The Truth About Palcohol, 5-7-14 16:43 min. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LYP085QJvtk

The next Society of Wine Educator, Certified Specialist of Wine (CSW) and Certified Specialist of Spirits (CSS) exam held on the ISU campus in Ames, Iowa will be from 11a.m. to noon,

Monday June 9, 2014. (25 days from now) Complete information here: http://www.societyofwineeducators.org Questions: Contact Michael L. White mlwhite@iastate.edu or 515-681-7286

National Weather Service: http://www.srh.noaa.gov/ridge2/RFC_Precip/

12

Marketing Tidbits 1. What website design trends should you watch for in 2014? 5-13-14 – WineDirect: http://www.winedirect.com/blog/What-website-design-trends-should-you-watch-for-in-2014-

2. Keys for wineries to boost their wine sales, 5-14-14 – WineSur: http://www.winesur.com/news/keys-for-wineries-to-boost-their-wine-sales

Notable Quotables “In victory, you deserve Champagne. In defeat you need it.”

--- Napoleon Bonaparte “Anyone who tries to make you believe that he knows all about wines is obviously a fake.”

--- Leon Adams, The Commonsense Book of Wine

Comments from Readers 5-13-14 “Just a suggestion, could you include the color picture showing the stages of bud development and frost tolerance? I was not able to find the one you sent and I and likely many others would like to get that as part of your emails about this time each year.” Arnold – Tyler, MN Here it is!

PPT slide provided by Dr. Paul Domoto, ISU Horticulture

13

Articles of Interest 1. MO: Frog Eggs Help MU Researchers Find New Information on Grapevine Disease, 4-29-14 – Univ. of MO:

2. MO: New Winery planned for Jefferson County, 5-9-14 – St. Louis Post Dispatch 3. Society of Wine Educators Revolutionizes Certification Process, 5-12-14 – PR Newswire: http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/society-of-wine-educators-revolutionizes-certification-process-258935191.html

4. Where would agriculture be without university research, 5-13-14 – Western Farm Press: http://westernfarmpress.com/blog/where-would-agriculture-be-without-university-research 5. Craft beer boom to spark US hop shortage? 5-15-14 – the Drinks Business: http://www.thedrinksbusiness.com/2014/05/craft-beer-boom-to-spark-us-hop-shortage/

Calendar of Events 5-20, Vineyard Trellising Workshop – Sturgeon Bay, WI. Registration here: online Details: lynn.white@nwtc.edu Sponsors: NWTC, UW-Extension, UW-Madison, VESTA 5-27, IGGVA Bootcamp 4: Finishing and Bottling, Kickapoo Creek Winery, Edwards IL IGGVA Register by 5-23, Contact: brad@illinoiswine.com 6-(5-7), Winemaker Magazine Conference – Leesburg, VA: http://winemakermag.com/1328-june-5-7-2014-your-conference-registration-includes-it-all 6-(6-8), Kothe Distilling Technologies Workshop – Chicago. Details: http://www.kothe-distilling.com/newsite/store/workshops/3-day-workshop-detail 6-7, Iowa Swine Fest, Des Moines Area Community College – Ankeny, IA. http://swinefestival.com/ 6-(8-13), Hands-on Whiskey Distilling Workshop Basic Distillery Operation for the Start-up Distiller. American Distilling Institute. New Holland Brewing and Distilling, Holland, MI Details: http://distilling.com/events/distilling-workshops/whiskey-workshop/ 6-9, Society of Wine Educators CSW and CSS Exam – ISU Ames, IA: http://www.societyofwineeducators.org 6-(22-25), American Society of Wine Economists (AAWE) - Walla Walla, WA. http://www.wine-economics.org/2014-walla-walla/ 6-(23-27), 65th American Society of Enology & Viticulture (ASEV) & 39th Eastern Section ASEV Conference – Austin, TX: http://www.asev.org/2014-national-conference 7-13, Minnesota Grape Growers Association’s Annual Picnic: http://mngrapegrowers.com/annual-picnic

14

7-(14-15), Intensive Tasting Proficiency Training - Contact: Tammi Martin, Midwest Grape and Wine Industry Institute, 515-294-3308, tkmartin@iastate.edu 8-(13-15), Society of Wine Educators 38th Annual Conference, Seattle, WA. Details: http://www.societyofwineeducators.org/conference 9-(21-30), UMN Global Learning Adventures Tour – Italy http://www.cfans.umn.edu/prod/groups/cfans/@pub/@cfans/documents/asset/cfans_asset_466382.pdf

11-8, 2nd Annual Wine Tourism Day: http://www.winetourismday.org/ 11-(9-14), Hands-on Brandy Distilling Master Class. American Distilling Institute. McMenamin’s Cornelius Pass Roadhouse Distillery, Hillsboro, OR Details: http://distilling.com/events/distilling-workshops/brandy-workshop/ 2-(27-28), 2015, Iowa Wine Grower Association Conference – The Hotel at Kirkwood – Cedar Rapids. Detail later: http://www.iowawinegrowers.org 3-(5-7),18th Annual Nebraska Winery and Grape Growers Forum and Trade Show. Omaha Marriott hotel, Omaha Nebraska. Details later here: http://agronomy.unl.edu/viticulture

http://eviticulture.org

Past issues archived as html and/or pdf here:

http://www.extension.iastate.edu/wine/news

You can search within the Wine Grower News Archive by placing “Wine Grower News” within quotes followed by your search term.

http://northerngrapesproject.org/

15

Michael L. White - CCA, CPAg, CSW ISU Extension Viticulture Specialist 909 East 2nd Ave. Suite E, Indianola, IA 50125-2892 ph: 515-961-6237, fax: 6017, cell: 515-681-7286 mlwhite@iastate.edu

Total Circulation of 1,700+ recipients in AZ, CA, CO, FL, GA, OH, IA, IN, IL, KS, KY, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OK, OR, PA, SD, VA, VT,

WA, WA DC, WI, Australia, Canada, India, Israel, Norway, Pakistan, Sweden & Turkey …and justice for all The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call 800-795-3272 (voice) or 202-720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Cathann A. Kress, director, Cooperative Extension Service, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, Iowa.

To Subscribe to this FREE e-mail newsletter, just include the word “subscribe” in the Subject Line. To Unsubscribe Please reply with the word "unsubscribe" in the Subject Line.