What’s the MATTER, Definition, States, and

Change of State

MATTER, Definition, States, and Change of State

At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to:

1. Define matter2. Define the various states of matter and

draw an example of each state3. Recognize that particle motion

determines the state of matter

Matter:

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Matter is made up of building blocks:atom – smallest unit of an element.element – a pure substance made of only one kind of atom.compound – made of two or more atoms that are chemically combined.

Chemistry Help:

FYI

90% of the Earth’s crust is made up of only 5 elements:

Oxygen 49.2%Silicon 25.7 %Aluminum 7.5%Iron 4.7%Calcium 3.4%

States of Matter

Solid- Definite volume and shape Particles are tightly packed Slight expansion when heated Incompressible

SolidSolid

Vibration around fixed

points

Liquid- Has definite volume, but no definite

shape (assumes the shape of the container)

Particles are loosely packed (can flow by sliding over each other)

Easily expand when heated Considered incompressible

States of Matter

LiquidLiquid

Vibration around sliding points

Gas- No definite shape or volume Expand to fill the container Particles are spaced far apart Compressible

States of Matter

GasGas

Vibration around moving points

When Things Look Pretty Cloudy …Look UP!!!!

Plasma- Consists of electrically charged

particles It’s an ionized gas Common in space, but very rare on

Earth Found in lightning, fluorescent lights

and neon signs

States of Matter

PlasmaPlasma

“Super-heated Gas”

When atoms are so hot,

they lose ALL

of their electrons

.

When atoms are so hot,

they lose ALL

of their electrons

.

Energy Amounts in States of Matter

Solid- little energy, particles vibrate and rotate

Liquid- more energy, they move freely by sliding over each other

Gas- even more energy, move quickly Plasma- most energy, move extremely

fast

All You Really Need To Know You Can Learn From Noah's Ark

5. Plan ahead. It wasn't raining when Noah built the ark.

6. Build your future on high ground.

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Made of Atoms

Holds its shape

Atoms move past each other

States of Matter Changes of State

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Energy

Energy

Energy

Names of Phase Changes

Solid to Liquid = Melting Liquid to Gas = Boiling/evaporation Gas to Liquid = Condensation Liquid to Solid = Freezing Solid to Gas = Sublimation Gas to Solid = Deposition

Boiling

MeltingFreezing

CondensationDeposition

SublimationWhen a solidturns directly

into a gas.

SublimationWhen a solidturns directly

into a gas.

Dry ice issolid CO2

MATTER, Definition, States, and Change of State

Lets see if you can:

1. Define matter2. Define the various states of matter and

draw an example of each state3. Recognize that particle motion

determines the state of matter

Try Not to Fall into a Hole with This!!!

States of Matter List the Location of Each Change of State

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Energy

Melting

Deposition Freezing Sublimation

Condensation Boiling

Energy

Energy

List the Location of Each Enthapy Used to Change State

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Energy

Heat of Fusion

Heat of Vaporization

Energy

Energy

Endothermic

Exothermic

Moisture that collects on the outside of a cold glass results

from the process of…

1. evaporation.

2. condensation.

3. sublimation.

4. vaporization.

Moisture that collects on the outside of a cold glass results

from the process of…

1. evaporation.

2. condensation.

3. sublimation.

4. vaporization.

I don’t feel so stupid now…