Converting to GHS

What NOT To Do!

John Baker, CIH

Registered Specialist #111402, SDS/Label Authoring

ASSE Session 728

June 27, 2013

2

Globally Harmonized System (GHS)

Is your company ready for compliance with the

Globally Harmonized System (GHS)

for Classification and Labeling of Chemicals?

3

What is GHS?

A globally harmonized system developed by the

United Nations for the classification of substances and

mixtures based on their health, physical and

environmental hazards.

http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/images/01.jpg

4

GHS or ghS?

It is often light heartedly stated that the GHS is not actually “global” or “harmonized”, though it is a “system.”

5

http://kabbageinc.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/handshake.jpg

Employee Training

Written Program

Hazard Classification

Labels

Safety Data Sheets

Impact on Employers

6

Important Dates

Effective Completion

Date Requirements Who Must Comply

December 1, 2013 Train employees on the new label elements and

safety data sheet (SDS) format. Employers

June 1, 2015 Compliance with all modified provisions of the final

rule, except those listed below:

Chemical

manufacturers,

importers, distributors

and employers

December 1, 2015

Distributors shall not ship containers of hazardous

materials labeled by the chemical manufacturer or

importer unless it carries the appropriate HCS label.

Employers

June 1, 2016

Update alternative workplace labeling and hazard

communication program as necessary, and provide

additional employee training for newly identified

physical or health hazards.

All chemical

manufacturers,

importers, distributors

and employers.

7

What Has Changed?

► HCS 1994 – Performance Oriented Standard

► HCS 2012 - Specification Oriented Standard

16 classes of physical hazards

10 classes of health hazards

(2 classes of environmental hazards)

3 OSHA hazards not defined by GHS

AND: “Hazards Not Otherwise Classified (HNOC)”

8

Major Changes in HCS 2012

► Hazard Classification based on GHS

Physical hazards

Health hazards

Environmental hazards

► Labeling

Signal words

Pictograms

Hazard and precautionary statements

► Safety Data Sheets

Name change from MSDS to SDS

Specified 16-section format MSDS X

9

http://www.osha.gov/Publications/HazComm_QuickCard_Pictogram.html

OSHA Pictograms and Hazards

SDS Section: 2

10

Physical Hazards

Symbols

Corrosion

Exploding Bomb

Flame

Flame Over Circle

Gas Cylinder

No Symbol

SDS Sections: 2, 5 and 9

* Unique to HCS 2012

Hazard Classification HCS 1994 GHS/HCS 2012

Physical Hazard

Explosive Explosives

Compressed Gas Gas Under Pressure

Flammable Gas Flammable Gas

Combustible Liquid

Flammable Liquid Flammable Liquid

Flammable Solid Flammable Solid

Flammable Aerosol

Combustible Dust*

Organic Peroxide Organic Peroxide

Oxidizer

Oxidizing Liquid

Oxidizing Solid

Oxidizing Gas

Pyrophoric Pyrophoric Liquid

Pyrophoric Solid

Pyrophoric Gas*

Unstable (reactive) Self-reactive Substance

Self-heating Substances

Water Reactive Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases

Corrosive to Metals

11

Health Hazards

SYMBOLS

Corrosion

Exclamation Mark

Health Hazard

No Symbol

Skull and Crossbones

SDS Sections: 2, 9 and 11

* Unique to HCS 2012

Hazard

Classification HCS 1994 GHS/HCS 2012

Health Hazard

Carcinogen Carcinogenicity

Toxic Acute Toxicity

Highly Toxic

Germ Cell Mutagenicity

Reproductive Toxin Reproductive Toxicity

Irritant

Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation

Skin Corrosion/Irritation

Corrosive

Sensitizer Sensitization

Target Organ Effect Specific Target Organ Systemic Toxicity

Simple Asphyxiants*

12

Environmental Hazards

12

SYMBOLS

Environment

Exclamation Mark

No Symbol

SDS Sections: 2 and 12

Hazard

Classification HCS 1994 GHS/HCS 2012

Environmental Hazard

Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment - Acute Hazard

Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment - Long-term Hazard

Hazardous to the Ozone Layer

13

OSHA Hazard Classes Not In GHS

►Combustible Dust

►Simple Asphyxiants

►Pyrophoric Gases

►HNOC’s

Example: toxic gases from water reactive chemicals

Example: vapors released during hardening

14

Relationships Between Terms

Hazard Class

Hazard Category (1 to 4)

Pictogram Signal Word Hazard

Statement Precautionary

Statement

15

GHS Hazard and Precautionary Statements

Hazard (H) Codes

H200 – H299 Physical Hazard

H300 – H399 Health Hazard

H400 – H499 Environmental Hazard

Precaution (P) Phrases

100 General

200 Prevention

300 Response

400 Storage

500 Disposal

SDS Section: 2

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The following must be included on a label for each hazard category of the product:

►Product identifier

►Signal word(s)

►Hazard statement(s)

►Pictogram(s)

►Precautionary statement(s)

►Supplier name, address, phone

Label Requirements for Shipped Containers

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PRODUCT

NAME

Danger

May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer.

Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.

Keep away from heat/sparks/flame. Keep away from combustible materials. Take any

precaution to avoid mixing with combustibles. Wear protective gloves, eye protection

and face protection. Wear fire and flame resistant clothing. Do not breathe dusts.

Wash thoroughly after handling. Store locked up. Dispose of contents and container

in accordance with local, state and federal regulations.

First Aid: IF ON SKIN:__________________________________________________

IF IN EYES:___________________________________________________

IF INHALED:_________________________________________________

IF SWALLOWED:______________________________________________

Fire: IN CASE OF FIRE:_____________________________________________

IN CASE OF MAJOR FIRE AND LARGE QUANTITIES___________________

Supplier Name

Supplier Address

Emergency Phone Number

Product Identifier

(Ingredient Disclosure)

49 CFR

18

Company Name _______________

Street Address ________________

City___________State__________

Postal Code________Country______

Emergency Phone Number_________

Keep container tightly closed. Store in cool, well-

ventilated place.

Keep away from heat/sparks/open flame.

Take precautionary measures against static

discharge.

Do not breathe vapors.

Wear protective gloves.

Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product

Dispose of in accordance with local, regional,

national, international regulations as specified.

In Case of Fire: Use dry chemical or carbon

dioxide to extinguish.

First Aid

In case of contact with product, remove

contaminated clothing and rinse skin with water.

Seek medical attention.

Product

Identifier

Supplier

Identification

Precautionary

Statements

Hazard Pictograms

Signal Word

Hazard Statements

Supplemental Information

Highly flammable liquid and vapor.

May cause respiratory irritation.

Directions for Use

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

Fill Weight______Lot Number______

Gross Weight____Fill Date_________

Expiration Date__________________

Danger

Sample Label

CODE__________________________

Product Name___________________

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What NOT to do: Start Late

20

What NOT To Do: Ignore Sales & Marketing Staff

21

What NOT To Do: Don’t Classify

Exposure Route

& Standard Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 (Category 5)

Oral, rat, LD50 mg/kg

GHS/HCS 2012 ≤ 5 > 5 & ≤ 50 > 50 & ≤ 300 > 300 & ≤

2000 > 2000 & ≤

5000

HCS 1994 Highly Toxic Toxic 50 up to 500 ("not" Toxic ------>)

Dermal, rabbit, LD50 mg/kg

GHS/HCS 2012 ≤ 5 > 5 & ≤ 200 > 200 & ≤

1000 > 1000 & ≤

2000

HCS 1994 Highly Toxic Toxic ("not" Toxic ------

>)

Inhalation, rat, LC50 gases ppmv

GHS/HCS 2012: NOTE 4 hr ≤ 100 > 100 & ≤ 500 > 500 & ≤

2500 > 2500 & ≤

20,000

HCS 1994: Normalized to 4 hr;

includes vapors and gases Highly Toxic Toxic 100 to 1000 ("not" Toxic -----

>)

Inhalation, rat, LC50 vapors mg/L

GHS/HCS 2012, 4 hr ≤ 0.5 > 0.5 & ≤ 2.0 > 2.0 & ≤ 10 > 10 & ≤ 20

Inhalation, rat LC50, mist & dust,

mg/L

GHS/HCS 2012, 4 hr ≤ 0.05 > 0.05 & ≤ 0.5 > 0.5 & ≤ 1.0 > 1.0 & ≤ 5.0

HCS 1994: Normalized to 4 hr;

includes mist, dust and fume Highly Toxic Toxic ("not" Toxic------

>)

22

Classification Comparisons: Flammable Liquid

NFPA & HMIS Flammability Criteria GHS Category NFPA 704 HMIS III ®

Flash point <73 F (23 C) and Initial boiling point <100 F (37.8 C) 1 or 2 4 4

Flash point <73 F (23 C) and Initial boiling point ≥100 F (37.8 C)

2 or 3 3 3 and

Flash point ≥73 F (23 C) and Flash point <100 F (37.8 C)

Flash point ≥100 F (37.8 C) and Flash point <200 F (93.4 C) 3 or 4 2 2

Flash point >200 F (93.4 C) and will burn in air when exposed to

a temperature of 1500 F (815.5 C) for a period of 5 min. None 1 1

Section (s): 5,16

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What NOT To Do: Ignore OSHA Defined Hazard Classes

►Combustible Dust

Also applies if normal use can result in a combustible dust hazard

►Simple Asphyxiant

►Pyrophoric Gas

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What NOT To Do: Ignore the Article Exemption

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What NOT To Do: Ignore Other OSHA Standards

►1910.106 now “Flammable Liquids”

But “within 30oF of flash point…”

►Substance Specific Health Standards

Signs/labels legends have changed

Health hazards carry over from substance specific standard to HCS 2012

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Classification Example: Ethylene Oxide

29 CFR 1910.1047 OSHA Standard for Ethylene Oxide

► Defines as a minimum, the hazards to be classified:

Acute Toxicity

Skin Sensitization

Skin, Eye and Respiratory Tract Irritation

Central Nervous System

Cancer

Mutagenicity

Reproductive Toxicity

Flammability

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Acute Toxicity for Ethylene Oxide

RTECS: KX2450000

• LD50 oral, rat = 72 mg/kg

• LC 50 inhalation, rat = 800 ppm/4hr Acute Toxicity

• Oral Category 3: > 50 and ≤ 300 mg/kg

• Inhalation Category 3: > 500 and ≤ 2,500 ppm

29 CFR 1910.1200 Appendix A, Table A.1.1.

https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2012/03/26/2012-4826/hazard-communication#t-11

http://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/kx256250.html#T

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Acute Toxicity SDS and Label Elements

►Oral and Inhalation Acute Toxicity Category 3

Signal Word: Danger

Hazard Statements:

• Toxic if swallowed

• Toxic if inhaled

Pictogram: Skull and Crossbones

Precautionary Statements for Prevention,

Response, Storage and Disposal

29 CFR 1910.1200 Appendix C.4.1 and C.4.3

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Other OSHA Standards

1910.1001 Asbestos Before

► Danger

► Asbestos

► Cancer And Lung Disease Hazard

► Authorized Personnel Only

1910.1001 Asbestos After

► Danger

► Asbestos

► May Cause Cancer

► Causes Damage To Lungs

► Authorized Personnel Only

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What NOT To Do: Miss the 12/1/13 Deadline

►OSHA Fact Sheet on training requirements

►Explain HOW the information should be used

►The value of a quiz

►Ask Ken Wells’ question:

“What is our goal here?”

http://ehstoday.com/print/osha/ghs-training-few-words-speak-volumes

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What NOT To Do: Miss the 6/1/16 Deadline

►Workplace labels

►Written Hazard Communication Plans

►Training on newly identified hazards

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What NOT To Do: Ignore Workplace Labeling

►Performance-based = Flexible labeling

►Either the same label as the shipping container or

equivalent label

►Can have NFPA or HMIS labels

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Category Comparison

1

2

3

4 1

2

3

4

SDS Sections: 5 and 16

GHS Category NFPA 704 / HMIS III ®

Most Hazardous Most Hazardous

Least Hazardous Least Hazardous

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Section 16: Other Information

Hazardous Materials

Identification System ® (HMIS)

National Fire protection

Association (NFPA)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:HMIS_Color_Bar.svg

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/NFPA_704_ex.svg/355px-NFPA_704_ex.svg.png

Chemical Name

* 1

4

2

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What NOT To Do: DOT, EPA, CPSC

►DOT is the most harmonized

But marine pollutant may differ

from GHS

►EPA considering FIFRA, not RCRA

or TSCA

►CPSC timetable = ?

15 CFR 1500.40 to 42 methods

provide useful data

36

What NOT To Do: Miss the 6/1/15 deadline to write SDS’s

►Chemical manufacturers or importers shall “obtain or develop” a SDS.

►MSDS must become SDS by 6/1/2015.

►Distributors have an extra 6 months to clear out old labels by 12/1/2015.

37

What NOT to do: MSDS to SDS

►Don’t only drop “Material” from title and…

►Don’t only switch Sections 2 and 3 around

►Don’t copy over legacy warnings

MSDS X

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What TO DO: MSDS to SDS

►Do perform a hazard classification

►Do add HNOC’s

►Do state X% of mixture is of unknown toxicity

MSDS X

39

What NOT To Do:

Ignore Industry Association Resources

►American Petroleum Institute/ IPIECA

►Portland Cement Association

►Check with your industry association

40

What NOT To Do: Ignore Author Credentials

►AIHA/SCHC SDS/Label Authoring Registry

►Use someone with experience….

41

What NOT To Do: Ignore Peer Review

►Don’t assume that computerized hazard classifications are correct.

►Be sure that you understand and agree with the hazard classifications.

►Don’t assume that going by the Purple Book means you’re done. Be aware of country specific differences.

42

What NOT to do: Overclaim CBI

Recent EPA Announcement:

“On April 1, 2013, EPA made publicly available health and safety information from more than 100 TSCA cases bringing the number of cases in which formerly confidential chemical identities have been declassified to nearly 900.”

http://www.epa.gov/oppt/existingchemicals/pubs/transparency-charts.html

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Summary

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Resource Links

GHS v. 3 Handbook: http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_rev03/03files_e.html

A side-by-side comparison between the HCS1994 and

HCS 2012: file:///O:/Environmental%20&%20IH%20Technical%20Group/Globally%20Harmonized%20Sys

tem%20&%20OSHA%20HCS/Side-by

Side%20Comparison%20Existing%20HCS%201994%20vs_%20HCS%202012.htm

OSHA Fact Sheet: Hazard Communication Standard

Final Rule: http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/HCSFactsheet.html

Question and Answer Sheet from OSHA: http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/hazcom-faq.html

Questions

If you would like more information, please contact me.

THANK YOU!

John.baker@us.bureauveritas.com

281.310.3119

us.bureauveritas.com/hse

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