what is system software and what are its parts? programs that control operation of computer two...
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What is system software and what are its parts?
Programs that control operation of computer
Two parts are operating systems utility programs
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The functions of an operating system are? start up the computer provide user interface manage programs manage memory schedule jobs and
configure devices control a network
administer security access the Web monitor performance
and provide housekeeping
services
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Where are operating systems found?
On the hard drive of an device that contains a hard drive
On ROM chips
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What is booting a computer? Causing the computer to start executing
instructions. PCs and Macs contain built-in instructions in a ROM or flash memory chip that are automatically executed on startup. These instructions search for the operating system, load it and pass control to it.
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What are the steps in the boot process from the time you turn on the computer until the OS interface appears?
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How a PC boots
Step 1:
Power supply sends signal to components in system unit
Step 2:
The processor accesses BIOS to start computer
Processor
BIOS
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processor
BIO
S
CD-ROM drive
Step 3:
BIOS checks components such as mouse, keyboard connectors, and expansion cards
expansion cards
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expansion cards
Step 4:
Results of POST are compared to data in the CMOS chip
processor
BIO
S
CD-ROM drive
CMOS
expansion cards
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Step 5:
BIOS looks for system files on drives such as the hard drive or CD/DVD drive
processor
BIO
S
hard disk
CD-ROM drive
CMOS
floppy disk drive
expansion cards
Drive that contains operating system is
called boot drive
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Step 6: Boot program loads kernel of operating system into RAM from boot drive
processor
BIO
S
hard disk
CD-ROM drive
(RAM) memory modules
CMOS
floppy disk drive
Step 6
expansion cards
Operating system in memory takes control of computer
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Step 7
Step 7: Operating system loads configuration information and displays desktop on screen
Operating system executes programs in StartUp folder
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What are the two ways to boot a computer?
Cold boot - Starting the computer by turning power on. Turning power off and then back on again clears memory and many internal settings.
Warm boot - Restarting the computer by performing a reset operation (pressing reset, Ctrl-Alt-Del, etc.) while the computer is still turned on.
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What are the three types of user interfaces?
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Command Line
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menu-driven interface
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Graphic User Interface (GUI)
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What are the three categories of operating systems?
Stand-alone Network Embedded
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What are some of the common utility programs?
Backup utility File Manager Personal Firewall Software Uninstaller Disk Scanner Disk Defragmenter Performance Monitors