what is matter? physical science chapter 2 matter anything that has mass and takes up space all the...
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![Page 1: What is Matter? Physical Science Chapter 2 Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space All the materials you can hold or touch Examples –You –This](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051400/5514ee1c550346b0338b5e5d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
What is Matter?
Physical ScienceChapter 2
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Matter
• Anything that has mass and takes up space
• All the materials you can hold or touch
• Examples– You– This computer– The air you are breathing
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Atoms
• Atoms are matter
• Atom = smallest particle that has the properties of an element
• Atoms make up elements
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Elements
• Element = a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
• An example of an element is carbon
• So, carbon is an element and elements are made of atoms
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Elements
• Each element has a one or two letter symbol
• Each are unique and behave differently
• What element is shown here?
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Compounds
• Most substances exist on Earth and in the human body as compounds, not free elements
• A compound is a substance made of more than one element bound together
Carbon = black
Oxygen = red
Hydrogen = white
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Compound Properties
• Specific compounds always combine in the same proportions– Every water molecule has 2 hydrogens and 1
oxygen
• Compounds have properties very different from their individual elements
+ =
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Chemical Formulas
• Contains the symbols for each element in a compound and the numbers for each atom of each element
• H2O
• CO2
• CH4
• NaCl
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Pure Substances
• Matter with a fixed composition and definite properties
• Examples are atoms, elements, and compounds
• Cannot be separated by physical actions
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Mixtures
• NOT PURE SUBSTANCES
• Made of pure substances, but composition is not fixed
• Can be separated by physical actions
+ + =
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Types of Mixtures
• Heterogeneous = substances are not uniformly mixed throughout, you can see the layers
• Homogeneous = evenly mixed throughout– Layers are not visible– Also called a solution
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More Mixtures
• Gases can also mix with liquids
• Gases are usually dissolved in water
• Examples are carbonated drinks– Homogeneous mixtures (solutions)– Contain sugar, flavorings and carbon dioxide
dissolved in water