what are fungi? most fungi share three important characteristics: they are eukaryotes, use spores to...
TRANSCRIPT
What are Fungi?
Most fungi share three important characteristics: They are eukaryotes, use spores to reproduce, and are heterotrophs that feed in a similar way.
Cell Structure
The structures that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi are called hyphae.
gills
cap
stalk
How Do Fungi Obtain Food?
The chemicals that ooze from the hyphae of a fungus into a food source break down the food.
Athlete's foot is caused by a fungus that feeds on chemicals in a person's skin.
Yeasts differ from most other fungi because they are unicellular.
Reproduction in Fungi
Fungi produce spores in structures called fruiting bodies.
Asexual Reproduction
When there is adequate moisture and food, most fungi reproduce asexually by growing fruiting bodies that release thousands of spores.
Asexual Reproduction
Unicellular yeast cells undergo a form of asexual reproduction called budding.
See where the bud came off?
Sexual Reproduction
If growing conditions are unfavorable, the hyphae may grow together to exchange genetic material.
Why is this advantageous?
Classification of Fungi
Fungi are classified into groups depending on the shape of their spore-producing structures.
There are four groups:
Threadlike Fungi
Rhizopus sporangia X 40
Sac Fungi
morels
morels
Cyathus olla bird's nest fungi
Club Fungi
Hypholoma rasciculare
Hygrocybe collucera
Puffballs - Lycoperdon perlatum
Imperfect Fungi
Penicillium Conidia X 400
penicillin
Fungi and the Living World
Fungi that decompose dead organisms return important nutrients to the soil.CARRION-DECOMPOSING FUNGUS
Bakers add yeast to bread dough to make it rise. Yeast cells use the sugar in the dough for food and produce carbon dioxide gas as they feed.
The antibiotic penicillin resulted from the work of Alexander Fleming, who noticed that bacteria did not grow near a spot of mold in a petri dish.
A Lichen consists
of a Fungus and
an Alga that live together in a mutualistic relationship.
A + F = L