week of april 27th-may 1st · the fast flyer outraces all other racers! the fast flyer is the !rst...

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Each dayѶ you should read one chapter from your AR book. In your notebookѶ summarize what you read. For each dayѶ you will have a worksheet to complete. Each of these subjects will have one activity per week to be completed. FEEL F5EE 7O CON7AC7 M56. :HI7E O5 M56. MA5KI6H 7H5O8GH CLA66 DOJO There will be a grammar and comprehension sheet for each day in your packet to be completed. For writingѶ complete a freeҊwrite journal entry once a week. Week of April 27th-May 1st

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Page 1: Week of April 27th-May 1st · The Fast Flyer outraces all other racers! The Fast Flyer is the !rst choice for people who are serious about racing! Add the paddle attachments to make

Each day, you should read one chapter from your ARbook. In your notebook, summarize what you read.

For each day, you will have a worksheet to complete.

Each of these subjects will have one activity per week tobe completed.

F E E L F R E E T O C O N T A C T M R S . W H I T E O RM R S . M A R K I S H T H R O U G H C L A S S D O J O

There will be a grammar and comprehension sheet for each day in yourpacket to be completed. For writing, complete a free-write journal entryonce a week.

Week of April 27th-May 1st

Page 2: Week of April 27th-May 1st · The Fast Flyer outraces all other racers! The Fast Flyer is the !rst choice for people who are serious about racing! Add the paddle attachments to make

How to Be a Good ReaderAsk yourself these questions to help you understand what you read:

Main Idea and Details What is the story mostly about?What tells me more about the main idea?

Sequence What happens first, next, and last?What are the steps to do something?

Cause and Effect What happens? (the effect)Why did it happen? (the cause)

Fact and Opinion Can this be proved true?Is this what someone thinks or believes?

Compare and Contrast How are these people or things the same?How are these people or things different?

Make Inferences What clues does the story give?What do I know already that will help?

PredictionWhat clues does the story give?What do I know already that will help?What will happen next?

Character and Setting Who or what is the story about?Where and when does the story take place?

Theme What lesson does this story teach?How does the author feel about this topic?

Author’s PurposeDoes the story entertain, inform, try to persuade me, or teach me how to do something?

Nonfiction Text Features What kind of text am I reading?What does it tell me?

Visual Information Is there a picture, chart, or graph?What does it tell me?

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Page 3: Week of April 27th-May 1st · The Fast Flyer outraces all other racers! The Fast Flyer is the !rst choice for people who are serious about racing! Add the paddle attachments to make

Name:

© Evan-Moor Corp. • EMC 3454 • Daily Reading Comprehension 35

WEEK 5

DAY 1Determine Important Information

READ THE ADVERTISEMENT Study the ad and think about the information it tells you.

The Fast Flyer is the NUMBER 1 racing machine!The Fast Flyer outraces all other racers!

The Fast Flyer is the !rst choice for people who are serious about racing!

Add the paddle attachments to make the Fast Flyer the first-ever

water racer! Only $199!

Rocket pack coming soon!

The Fast Flyer is a bargain at $799, but for a limited time,you can buy your very own Fast Flyer for just $499.

STRATEGY PRACTICE What are two important things to know about the Fast Flyer? Explain why they are important to know.

SKILL PRACTICE Read each question. Fill in the bubble next to the correct answer.

1. What is the ad selling?$� a boat called the Fast Flyer%� equipment for a bicycle&� a special kind of racer'� a rocket pack for a racer

2. According to the ad, what is the regular price of the Fast Flyer?$� $799%� $499&� $199'� $2,013

3. According to the ad, how does the Fast Flyer compare to other racers?$� It is bigger than other racers.%� It goes faster than other racers.&� It is the most expensive racer.'� It is less interesting than most racers.

4. What does the information in the starbursts tell you?$� special add-ons for the Fast Flyer%� things that come with the Fast Flyer&� how to correctly use the Fast Flyer'� the number of people who own the

Fast Flyer

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Page 4: Week of April 27th-May 1st · The Fast Flyer outraces all other racers! The Fast Flyer is the !rst choice for people who are serious about racing! Add the paddle attachments to make

Name:

36 Daily Reading Comprehension • EMC 3454 • © Evan-Moor Corp.

WEEK 5

DAY 2Determine Important Information

READ THE CHARTS Study the information in each chart and think about how they work together.

IF YOU SELL... YOU CAN EARN...

10 candlesOR

10 boxes of cookies1 prize from Column A

20 candlesOR

15 boxes of cookies

1 prize from Column A AND1 prize from Column B

25 candlesOR

20 boxes of cookies

2 prizes from Column A AND1 prize from Column B

STRATEGY PRACTICE If you wanted to earn a prize for a friend, how would you use the information?

SKILL PRACTICE Read each question. Fill in the bubble next to the correct answer.

1. Which of these is the most someone could get for selling 20 candles?$� earbuds and a model rocket%� a baseball and a harmonica&� a harmonica and earbuds'� a baseball, harmonica, and paint set

2. The chart on the left shows .$� how much a candle or box of cookies costs%� what you can use to buy candles or cookies&� the kinds of prizes that people can earn for

buying candles and cookies'� the numbers and types of prizes that people

can earn for selling candles and cookies

3. How many boxes of cookies must someone sell to earn two prizes from Column A of the prize chart?$� 10 boxes%� 15 boxes&� 20 boxes'� 40 boxes

4. The chart on the right shows .$� the prizes that can be earned%� the requirements for earning a prize&� the items available to be sold'� items that can be traded for candles or

boxes of cookies

COLUMN A COLUMN B• model rocket• jigsaw puzzle• paint set• earbuds

• sticker book• baseball• harmonica• checkers set

Raise Money for Scouts and Earn Prizes!

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Page 5: Week of April 27th-May 1st · The Fast Flyer outraces all other racers! The Fast Flyer is the !rst choice for people who are serious about racing! Add the paddle attachments to make

Name:

© Evan-Moor Corp. • EMC 3454 • Daily Reading Comprehension 37

WEEK 5

DAY 3Determine Important Information

READ THE INFORMATION Think about what the lesson titles tell you about the book.

STRATEGY PRACTICE In what kind of class might you use this book? Explain.

SKILL PRACTICE Read each question. Fill in the bubble next to the correct answer.

1. Which lesson probably tells about using triangles in a drawing?$� Lesson 1%� Lesson 2&� Lesson 4'� Lesson 6

2. Where would the text to the right of the table of contents probably be found?$� Lesson 8%� Lesson 7&� Lesson 6'� Lesson 5

3. A good title for the book would be .$� Everything You Need to Know About

Creating Comics%� Great Schools for Artists&� How to Make Arts and Crafts Projects'� Drawing Cards, Posters, and Calendars

4. Which of these would you likely find on page 37?$� a list of drawing materials%� instructions for drawing a cat&� how to come up with a story'� how to color a drawing

Coming Up with a StoryEven though comic books contain mostly pictures, they still tell a story. And just like stories told with only words, the stories in comic books must be planned and worked on. Many of the stories you read in comic books are !rst written as scripts. The writer includes many details to help the artist visualize the story before he or she makes the !rst sketches for the book.

CONTENTS

Lesson 1: Paper, Pencils, and

Markers ......................... 7

Lesson 2: Basic Shapes ................ 20

Lesson 3: People and Animals ...... 31

Lesson 4: Using Speech

Bubbles ......................... 45

Lesson 5: Action! ........................... 65

Lesson 6: Storyboards and

Scripts ........................... 77

Lesson 7: Frame by Frame ............ 85

Lesson 8: Drawing, Inking, and

Coloring ........................ 100

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Page 6: Week of April 27th-May 1st · The Fast Flyer outraces all other racers! The Fast Flyer is the !rst choice for people who are serious about racing! Add the paddle attachments to make

HOME MAP SEARCH

Name:

38 Daily Reading Comprehension • EMC 3454 • © Evan-Moor Corp.

WEEK 5

DAY 4Determine Important Information

READ THE WEB PAGE Think about how the information is arranged.

Bodie State Historic ParkTucked away in a lonely valley in the Bodie Hills, the historic ghost town of Bodie reminds people of California’s gold-mining history. Come visit Bodie and see what life was like in the 1800s.

STRATEGY PRACTICE What information does the image of the cabin give that the description of Bodie does not?

SKILL PRACTICE Read each question. Fill in the bubble next to the correct answer. 1. When did the last mine in Bodie close?$� after Bodie was made into a state park%� between the first and second fires in Bodie&� after both fires in Bodie'� before the Standard Company found gold

2. The caption under the illustration tells .$� which buildings were destroyed by fire%� about the building pictured&� the things that people can do in Bodie'� the location of the building pictured

3. When did Bodie start becoming a ghost town?$� 1859%� 1876&� 1892'� 1932

4. What does the timeline tell?$� important dates in Bodie’s history%� important dates in California’s history&� a history of California’s Gold Rush'� a history of California state parks

Some of the original buildings still stand, including this miner’s cabin, built in 1884.

W.S. Body discovers gold in Bodie, now a ghost town.

The Standard Company discovers a large supply of gold and silver.

A !re destroys much of the town. Bodie starts to become a ghost town.

Another !re destroys much of the remaining town.

The last mine officially closes.

California makes Bodie a state historic park.

1859 1876 1892 1932 1942 1962

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Page 7: Week of April 27th-May 1st · The Fast Flyer outraces all other racers! The Fast Flyer is the !rst choice for people who are serious about racing! Add the paddle attachments to make

Name:

© Evan-Moor Corp. • EMC 3454 • Daily Reading Comprehension 39

WEEK 5

DAY 5Determine Important Information

READ THE RECIPE Think about the information you would need to know to make this recipe.

MYrecipes.comSweet Party MixRating: (85 users)Submitted by: Taylor Klark Prep Time: 15 minutesCooking Time: 1 hour Servings: 24

Ingredients • 1 box crispy cereal • 5 ounces slivered almonds• 6 ounces toasted pecans • " cup butter• # cup molasses • 1# cups brown sugar

Directions1. Preheat the oven to 220 degrees. Lightly grease a large baking pan.2. In a large bowl, mix the cereal, pecans, and almonds.3. Melt the butter in a saucepan over low heat. Add the molasses and sugar,

and mix until you have a syrupy paste. 4. Add the paste to the bowl of cereal and nuts. Stir well.5. Pour the nut and cereal mixture into the pan. Cook for 1 hour.

STRATEGY PRACTICE Why do you think a rating is included for this recipe? Why is it important?

SKILL PRACTICE Read each question. Fill in the bubble next to the correct answer.

1. According to the recipe, when do you mix the cereal with the nuts?$� before you melt the butter%� after you put everything in the oven&� before you heat the oven'� after you melt the butter

2. Which of these is not an ingredient in the recipe?$� molasses%� pecans&� brown sugar'� a large baking pan

3. What information is listed under “Directions”?$� how to serve the party mix%� how to make the recipe&� what food is needed for the recipe'� what people say about the recipe

4. What do you do immediately after you melt the butter in a saucepan?$� add the cereal and nuts%� preheat the oven&� stir in the nuts'� add the sugar and molasses

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Page 8: Week of April 27th-May 1st · The Fast Flyer outraces all other racers! The Fast Flyer is the !rst choice for people who are serious about racing! Add the paddle attachments to make

splashpublicat ions.com Fourth Grade Com m on Core Daily Language Pract ice © 2013splashpublicat ions.com 1 5

ore Card 1Language

C ore Card 2Language

C

ore Card 3Language

C ore Card 4Language

C

Name Name

Name Name

Conventions of Standard English 4.L.1f, 2c I can recognize and correct run-on sentences. I can use commas correctly in compound sentences.

Conventions of Standard English 4.L.1f, 2c I can recognize and correct run-on sentences. I can use commas correctly in compound sentences.

Rewrite this run-on sentence correctly, using the conjunction so. Insert commas where necessary.

During our last visit to the zoo, the lions were sleeping we’re going to try again. _____________________________________

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

Rewrite this run-on sentence correctly, using the conjunction but. Insert commas where necessary.

Did you know that Joule and I went to Texas we didn’t stay for the entire week? _____________________________________

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

Conventions of Standard English 4.L.1f, 2c I can recognize and correct run-on sentences. I can use commas correctly in compound sentences.

Conventions of Standard English 4.L.1f, 2c I can recognize and correct run-on sentences. I can use commas correctly in compound sentences.

Rewrite this run-on sentence correctly, using the conjunction but. Insert commas where necessary.

William needs new clothes for Disneyworld in Florida he really needs to stay on a budget. _____________________________________

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

Rewrite this run-on sentence correctly, using the conjunction and. Insert commas where necessary.

Whenever I try to juggle, I drop all of the ballsI get so excited that I lose my concentration. _____________________________________

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

Complete one "core card" a day and the "test" on day 5.

Page 9: Week of April 27th-May 1st · The Fast Flyer outraces all other racers! The Fast Flyer is the !rst choice for people who are serious about racing! Add the paddle attachments to make

splashpublicat ions.com Fourth Grade Com m on Core Daily Language Pract ice © 2013splashpublicat ions.com 1 6

ore Card TestLanguage

C

Name

Conventions of Standard English

4.L.1f, 2c I can recognize and correct run-on sentences. I can use commas correctly in compound sentences.

Rew rite these run- on sentences correct ly. I nsert com m as w here necessary.

1 . I v isited my grandfather over Christm as he told m e about his childhood in Russia and Poland. (Use the conjunct ion and)

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

2 . How can I rem em ber waking up in the hospital I don’t rem em ber falling off my bike? (Use the conjunct ion but )

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

3 . I need to get a good grade on my test my parents aren’t going to let m e go to Padre I sland in Texas. (Use the conjunct ion or)

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

W rite a com pound sentence using the conjunct ion so. Use proper capitalizat ion, spelling, and punctuat ion.

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

Page 10: Week of April 27th-May 1st · The Fast Flyer outraces all other racers! The Fast Flyer is the !rst choice for people who are serious about racing! Add the paddle attachments to make

Name

7 7 7 777 7

112

Time for Survey Answers(in hours)

212

312

412

512

612

4

4

Time for Survey Answers (in hours) 1 __ 12

3 __ 12

1 __ 12

2 __ 12

6 __ 12

3 __ 12

5 __ 12

Line Plots

Howard gave a piece of paper with several survey questions to his friends. Then he made a list to show how long it took for his friends to answer the survey. Howard wants to know how many surveys took longer than 2 __ 12 hour.

Make a line plot to show the data.

Step 1 Order the data from least to greatest.

1 __ 12 , 1 __ 12 , 2 __ 12 , 3 __ 12 , 3 __ 12 , 5 __ 12 , 6 __ 12

SurveyTime (in hours) Tally

1 __ 12

2 __ 12

3 __ 12

5 __ 12

6 __ 12

Step 2 Make a tally table of the data.

Step 3 Label the fractions of an hour on thenumber line from least to greatest. Notice that 4 __ 12 is included even thoughit is not in the data.

Step 4 Plot an X above the number line for each piece of data. Write a title for the line plot.

Step 5 Count the number of Xs that represent data points greater than 2 __ 12 hour.

There are data points greater than 2 __ 12 hour.

So, surveys took more than 2 __ 12 hour.

Use the line plot above for 1 and 2.

1. How many of the surveys that Howard

gave to his friends were answered?

2. What is the difference in hours between the longest time and the shortest time that it took Howard’s friends to answer the survey?

Lesson 12.5Reteach

12-13 ReteachChapter Resources© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Math Day 1

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Name:

Super Teacher Worksheets - www.superteacherworksheets.com

Reading Line Plots

1. The youngest player in the Chess Club is years old.

2. How many 12-year-olds are Chess Club members?

3. Are there more 11-year-olds or 9-year-olds in the club?

4. A teacher divides the Chess Club into three teams.

The Pawns: Under 10 years old.The Knights: 10 years old.The Rooks: Over 10 years old.

How many members are on each team?

5. How many total kids are Chess Club members?

6. If two more 12-year-olds and half a dozen more 9-year-olds joined the club, how many players would there be in all?

8 9 10 11 12

Ages of School Chess Club Members (Years)

Math Day 2

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Name

3,600

60

72

3,600

89

hour hand minute hand

second hand

1011 12

7 6 543

21

Units of Time1 minute 5 60 seconds1 hour 5 60 minutes1 day 5 24 hours1 week 5 7 days1 year 5 12 months1 year 5 52 weeks

Units of Time

Some analog clocks have an hour hand, a minute hand, and a second hand.

There are 60 seconds in a minute. The second hand makes 1 full turn every minute. There are 60 minutes in an hour. The minute hand makes 1 full turn every hour. The hour hand makes 1 full turn every 12 hours.

You can think of the clock as unrolling to become a number line.

0hours 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

The hour hand moves from one number to the next in 1 hour.

0

minutes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

The minute hand moves from one number to the next in 5 minutes.

Use the table at the right to change between units of time.

1 hour 5 60 minutes, or 60 3 60 seconds, or seconds.

So, 1 hour is times as long as 1 second.

1 day 5 24 hours, so 3 days 5 3 3 24 hours, or hours.

1 year 5 12 months, so 5 years 5 5 3 12 months, or months.

Complete.

1. 3 hours 5 minutes 2. 2 years 5 weeks

3. 6 days 5 hours 4. 5 weeks 5 days

5. 8 minutes 5 seconds 6. 7 years 5 months

Lesson 12.8Reteach

12-19 ReteachChapter Resources© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Math Day 3

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Name

8910

11 12

7 6 543

21 1 hr

15 min

10 min5 min

10 min

15 min

20 min

35 min40 min

5 min

8910

11 12

7 6 543

21

25 min

30 min

8910

11 12

7 6 543

21

20 min

15 min

10 min5 min

8910

11 12

7 6 543

21

20 min

15 min

10 min

5 min

50 min

45 min

40 min

35 min

30 min25 min

1 o’clock

50

1:35 P.M.

2:25 P.M.

1. Bill wants to be at school at 8:05 A.M. It takes him20 minutes to walk to school. At what time should Bill leave his house?

Bill should leave his house at .

2. Mr. Gleason’s math class lasts 40 minutes.Math class starts at 9:55 A.M. At what time doesmath class end?

Math class ends at .

3. Hannah rode her bike for 1 hour and 15 minutes untilshe got a !at tire at 2:30 P.M. What time did Hannahstart riding her bike?

Hannah started riding her bike at .

Problem Solving • Elapsed Time

Opal "nished her art project at 2:25 P.M. She spent 50 minutes working on her project. What time did she start working on her project?

Read the ProblemWhat do I need to !nd?

What information do I need to use? How will I use the information?

I need to "nd Opal’s start time.

End time:

Elapsed time: minutes

I can draw a diagram of a clock.

I can then count back 5 minutes at a time until I reach 50 minutes.

Solve the ProblemI start by showing 2:25 P.M. on the clock.Then I count back 50 minutes by 5s.

Think: As I count back, I go past the 12.The hour must be 1 hour less than the ending time.

The hour will be .

So, Opal started on her project at .

Draw hands on the clock to help you solve the problem.

Lesson 12.9Reteach

12-21 ReteachChapter Resources© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Math Day 4

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Your name: _______________________

Elapsed TimeNearest Minute

Complete the table by filling in the elapsed times.

Start Time End Time Elapsed Time

6:00 A.M. 7:55 A.M. 1 hour and 55 minutes

1:00 P.M. 3:44 P.M.

12:00 P.M. 5:18 P.M.

12:30 P.M. 7:10 P.M.

4:35 A.M. 11:25 A.M.

2:04 P.M. 2:55 P.M.

5:25 A.M. 6:20 A.M.

Midnight 2:35 A.M.

2:58 P.M. 4:37 P.M.

Super Teacher Worksheets - www.superteacherworksheets.com

Math Day 4

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Name: __________________________________________

Measuring Capacity with GallonBot

Use the GallonBot illustration to help you answer the questions.

a. How many quarts are in a gallon? __________________

b. How many pints are in a gallon? __________________

c. How many cups are in a gallon? __________________

d. Which is greater: a quart or a pint? __________________

e. How many cups are in a pint? __________________

f. Which is less: a cup or a pint? __________________

g. How many cups are in a quart? __________________

h. How many pints are in 2 quarts? __________________

i. How many cups are in 3 pints? __________________

j. Which is greater: 8 cups or 1 quart? __________________

k. Which is less: 4 quarts or one gallon? __________________

l. Color GallonBot as follows: gallons - red; quarts - green; pints - blue; cups - purple

Super Teacher Worksheets - www.superteacherworksheets.com

Math Day 5 - Spiral Review

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©www.EasyTeacherWorksheets.com

The Boston Tea Party

Taxes and other forms of revenue are needed for a government to operate. Money is always needed to build roads, maintain schools, and to finance all the other functions of a legitimate government. Citizens understand the need for fair taxes but they will protest if taxes are unfair, misused or too high. You might hear your family members or newscasters talk about how complicated taxes are today. Taxes were also complicated in Great Britain and the American colonies in the 1700s, especially taxes on tea. New taxes on the colonies, including a tax on tea, were part of the Townsend Acts passed by the British Parliament beginning in 1767. The Boston Massacre that occurred in 1770 was a result of these taxes and parts of the Townsend Acts were repealed after it. A Tea Act was passed by Parliament in 1773 changing how taxes on tea were charged. Some of the members of Parliament argued against the colonial taxes on tea, not wanting further trouble after the Boston Massacre. The tax on tea for the colonists was not increased but the Tea Act gave the East India Company support from the British government to sell tea in the colonies over merchants who lived in the colonies. In this complicated mix of taxes and events, seven shiploads of tea owned by the East India Company were sent to the ports of Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Charleston in the fall of 1773. The ships arriving in New York and Philadelphia were returned to England without unloading their cargo. The tea arriving in Charleston was seized by customs officials. In Boston, the royal governor insisted that the British laws be followed and that the taxes on the tea be paid. Colonial protesters wanted the ships to be returned to England without paying the taxes. On the last day that the loads of tea could remain in port without paying taxes, December 16, 1773, about 5,000 Boston citizens met and passed a resolution urging the ship’s captain to sail without paying the tax. When the ships remained in port, that evening a group of men boarded the vessels and dumped the cargo of tea overboard. This act was called the Boston Tea Party. The Boston Tea Party was a protest not against the tax on tea but against how Great Britain was ruling the colonies without any colonial participation. It was one of the events leading up to the American Revolutionary War.

Social Studies

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©www.EasyTeacherWorksheets.com

Name: ____________________________________ Date: _______

Multiple Choice Questions

Circle the correct answer.

1. Collecting taxes is

a. A legitimate function of government b. Unfair to citizens c. Always resented by citizens d. None of the above

2. The first tax on tea in the American colonies was part of the

a. Tea Act b. Townsend Acts c. Both a. and b. above d. None of the above

3. After the Tea Act was passed, who did the British government support in the sales of tea in the American colonies?

a. Colonial tea merchants b. General stores c. Agents of the East India Company d. All of the above

4. In the fall of 1773 what happened to the tea shipments in New York and Philadelphia?

a. They were thrown into the ocean b. They were burned c. Both a. and b. above d. None of the above

5. On the day of the Boston Tea Party a large crowd of Bostonians passed a resolution to

a. Burn the ships containing tea b. Throw the tea overboard c. Negotiate with the governor d. Ask the captain to return his tea ships to England

6. On the evening of the Boston Tea Party what happened to the tea?

a. It was burned b. It was shredded c. It was thrown overboard d. All of the above

Social Studies

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North Pole

South Pole

©2002 by Evan-Moor Corp. 55 Read and Understand, Science • Grades 3–4 • EMC 3304

Always Pointing North

If you hold a compass in your hand, the needle will always point toward the North Pole. This is true no matter

where you are on Earth. Whether you’re on a ship in the middle of the Pacifi c Ocean, walking down a busy street in Paris, or standing on top of Mount Everest, your compass will still point north.

The most common type of compass is the magnetic compass. A magnetic compass works because the Earth has a magnetic fi eld. Scientists think the red-hot, molten iron in the middle of the Earth’s center, or core, causes this magnetic fi eld. As the Earth spins, this liquid iron spins, too. Scientists think that the spinning liquid iron creates a weak magnetic force. This happens because iron is a magnetic material.

Now, imagine that the spinning liquid inside the Earth is like a huge, buried magnet. The south end of the magnet rests on the North Pole. The north end rests on the South Pole. When it comes to magnets, opposites attract. That means that the south end of one magnet will attract the north end of another magnet. So the North Pole (which has the south end of the Earth’smagnet) attracts the north end of the compass needle. That’s why the needle always swings around to point north.

So why does a compass needle always point north? First you need to know that a compass needle is really a magnet. Every magnet has a south pole and a north pole.

The Earth’s magnetic fi eld is very weak, so it can only move small objects. For this reason the compass needle has to be very lightweight. It also needs to be able to spin easily without friction slowing it down.

Along with the needle, a compass also includes a compass card. This card is marked with four cardinal points that show the four major directions—north, east, south, and west. Between

Science

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Make Your Own Magnetic Compass

You can make a simple compass like the ones the ancient Chinese navigators used. You will need:

• a sewing needle • a bar magnet • a cork or the cap from a plastic

milk jug • a bowl of water

1. Run one end of the magnet along the needle. Do this about 20 to 30 times. Be sure you always rub the magnet along the needle in the same direction.

2. Put the cork or milk cap in the middle of your bowl of water.

3. Lay your magnetic needle on top of the cork or cap. The needle should spin around slowly until it is pointing north. Check your homemade compass against a real compass to see if both needles point in the same direction.

©2002 by Evan-Moor Corp. 56 Read and Understand, Science • Grades 3–4 • EMC 3304

each cardinal point is an intercardinal point—northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest. A compass card may also be marked with the 360 degrees that make up a circle. These markings help the person using the compass fi gure out the exact direction of travel.

People have been using compasses for almost a thousand years. Chinese navigators used them to guide their ships during the 1100s. These early compasses were very simple. They were just a piece of magnetic iron fl oating on a cork in a bowl of water. Still, the navigators would have been lost without them! By using a compass, these navigators could fi gure out which way to head, even if they were in the middle of the ocean, or if the sun had disappeared behind the clouds.

So if you want to make sure you’re not lost—or if you just want to have some fun—carry a compass in your pocket. It will always point you in the right direction.

Optional Activity:

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Alw

ay

s Pointing North

©2002 by Evan-Moor Corp. 57 Read and Understand, Science • Grades 3–4 • EMC 3304

Name

Questions about Always Pointing North

1. The Earth’s core is fi lled with .

! magnets

! molten iron

! rocks

! nothing

2. A compass needle is really a .

! sewing needle

! wire

! toy

! magnet

3. All magnets have .

! a compass

! a south pole and a north pole

! iron

! an east pole and a west pole

4. The fi rst people to use compasses were .

! Chinese navigators

! American astronauts

! pirates

! British explorers

5. Compasses are good to have because .

! they are easy to make

! they always point south

! they help us fi nd our way

! they are magnetic

6. Compass needles must be lightweight because .

! the Earth has a weak magnetic fi eld

! they are expensive

! there isn’t much metal to be used

! compasses are small

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Name: _______________________

Your Lungs by Cynthia Sherwood

You do something about twenty times a minute

without even thinking about it—you breathe! In fact,

every day you take about twenty-thousand breaths.

The organs of your body that allow you to breathe are called your lungs. You have two

of them that work together, located in your chest inside the rib cage.

The main purpose of your lungs is to breathe in good air and breathe out bad air. The

good air contains oxygen, which your body needs. The bad air is a gas called carbon

dioxide, which your body cannot use.

When you breathe in through your nose or mouth, air travels down the back of your

throat. It passes through your voice box and into your trachea, or windpipe. Your trachea

is divided into two air passage tubes. One leads to your left lung. The other leads to your

right lung. Inside your lungs, oxygen is removed from the air you breathe and pumped

into blood cells. Your lungs also get rid of harmful carbon dioxide from these cells. This

process takes place inside hundreds of millions of tiny air sacs.

Each adult lung is about the size of a football. When they are healthy, your lungs feel a

little like a sponge and are pinkish-gray. When lungs are damaged by smoking, they can

appear gray or have black spots on them.

One disease that is very common in children involves the lungs. Asthma narrows the

breathing tubes, making it harder to breathe. As many as nine million kids in the United

States have asthma.

You probably already know that your lungs are important when you swim. But you may

not know this—your lungs are the only part of your body that can float on water!

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Health

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Name: _______________________

Your Lungs by Cynthia Sherwood

1. Where are your lungs located?

_____________________________________________________________________________

2. Complete the graphic organizer.

Type of air that

your lungs remove

from your blood cells

Type of air that

your lungs put into

your blood cells

3. What is your trachea?

_____________________________________________________________________________

4. What do lungs look like when they've been damaged from smoking?

_____________________________________________________________________________

5. Why does asthma make it hard for people to breathe?

_____________________________________________________________________________

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