Sons of Italy is a fraternal organization dedicated to promoting Italian culture and heritage.

Our motto is "liberty, equality, and fraternity

VOLUME – 14 ISSUE – 1 JAN - MARCH ( Winter Qtr ) 2016

Website – http://www.orgsites.com/ga/italians

WE PROVIDE LEGAL SERVICES FOR ALL PERSONAL INJURIES;

WORKERS COMP & WRONGFUL DEATH

Mafia

A lost family of honor

The true story

In 1282, the French Angevins "held a tight grip on Sicily," and a secret society arose to defeat this

oppressive organization. The battle cry of this rebellious group was:

"morte alla Francia Italia anelia!" (Italian for "death to the French is Italy's cry!"),

and if the first letters of the verse are taken, the anagram MAFIA is deciphered.

The word Mafia was first published in 1862 in a play by Giuseppe Rizzuto, called "

I Mafiosi della Vicaria" (The Mafia in the Vicarage") about a secret criminal group in the prisons of

Palermo.

In Sicily, the word mafia tends to mean "manly", and is often applied to someone without neces-

sarily meaning they were a criminal. Sicily has had to adapt to numerous invasions: Arabs in the

ninth century, Norman's in the 11th century, French in the 12th, Spanish in the 15th, as well as

invasions by the Germans, Austrians and Greeks.

Secret societies in the hills were needed to resist foreign rulers. These societies were formed not

only to try and defeat the French rulers but also to protect and feed the Italian families in the vil-

lages of Palermo and surrounding areas. Since most of the villagers were related, each village

picked a member to head their family. These heads of families were called (capodecina or capos

for short). The capodecina would pick men from the village to take with him to the hills. Before

the men left for the hills they would have to pledge their loyalty, support and Omertá . The oath in

English sounded like this:

"I (NAME GIVEN) want to enter into this secret organization to protect my family and to protect

my brothers. ""morte alla Francia Italia anelia!" With my blood. (A knife is used to place a cut

on the right index finger or hand) and the blood of all the saints, and the souls of my children.

(The sign of the cross is made) I swear not to divulge this secret and to obey with love and

omerta. I enter alive into this organization and leave it only in death."

Once safe in the hills, all the capodecina's would get together and pick someone to be in charge

of all the members of this secret society. The head of all the members was called (Capo di tutti

capi) the boss of all the families. Food was scarce, conditions deplorable, the French controlled

everything and if you didn't do what the French Angevins wanted, they would torture and kill you.

The members of the society would raid supplies and weapons from the French and distribute their

wares throughout the villages. They had to operate in complete secrecy.

This was necessary to protect the members and their families from torture. This was

an honorable society in the fact that you had to believe totally in the cause and be willing to die to

protect the members. The villagers also respected and honored the soldiers from the hills. They

knew there was a chance for freedom from the French but only if they remained silent about their

fellow Italians in the hills.

Joining the society is like joining a religion. It is a lifetime commitment, stronger than any ties to

other religions, state or even family. You cannot retire from it. This society has survived through

centuries, it is secret and only members know other members. No one would ever admit to being

a member nor tell you who other members are. That would violate Omertá and be punishable by

death.

Throughout the centuries the leaders and soldiers have changed the society, some for the better,

some for the worst. The men from the hills once stole to feed and protect their families and

friends. They were very good at it. So good, they ended up with more food and supplies then they

could ever use. In order to get things that they could not steal; they traded with mainland Italy and

other countries. This was the start of the black market. The society has always been a powerful

force in Italy.

Not everyone in the society is a criminal nor are all Italians in the society.

What Americans call Mafia in this country, is believedto be started by Don Vito Cascio Ferro, who

fled to New York following the murder of banker Emanuele Notarbartolo in Sicily, in 1893. More

society members fled to America during the 1920's, when Mussolini attempted to eradicate the

Mafia in Sicily. When the Allies liberated Italy in World War II, they freed anti Mussolini prisoners,

including many society members. Some were installed in positions of power, and thus began to

interweave politics and organized crime in Italy. The society moved from the rural hills to the cities

of Sicily. The Sicilians have developed co-operative agreements with other secret Italian socie-

ties, the Camorra and Ndrangheta, but remain the controlling organization. The Sicilians are flexi-

ble and can work with many nationalities. The major threat to the Sicilians and the society is their

own periodic bloodletting feuds. If the society that was called Mafia in the 12th century was alive

and well today; there would not be a need for government programs. All would prosper. Italians

need to look close at their families and friends. There is no Mafia, it does not exist anymore, but

there is a chance for Italians to work together with their families and friends to make life better

and more prosperous.

Celebrating Italian-American Women in History

Did you know that March is Women’s History Month? In honor of all the Italian-American women

that have shaped the people we’ve become, whether it be mothers, grandmothers, aunts, sisters

or friends, we’re dedicating this blog to the matriarchs that have continued to push our families

forward and make the world a better place.

To add to the list of amazing Italian-American women in your personal lives, we’re naming the top

five most influential Italian-American women who helped us all get to where we are today.

Angela Bambace: Angela Bambace organized the International Ladies’ Garment Workers Un-ion (ILGWU) in New York and Maryland in the early 1900s. After starting as a worker in a shirt-waist factory in New York, Bambace was eventually elected vice president of the ILGWU in 1956, becoming the first woman to break through the all-male leadership of the organization.

Saint Frances Cabrini: After emigrating from Sant’-Angelo, Italy to the United States, Maria Francesca Cabrini founded the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart. After recruiting over 4,000 sisters to help her efforts, she founded 14 American colleges, 98 schools, 28 orphanages, eight hospitals, and three training schools. She was the first American saint after her canon-ization in 1946.

Catherine De Angelis, M.D.: Catherine De Angelis became the first woman editor of The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) in 2000. After putting herself through college and medical school, she served as Vice Dean at Baltimore’s Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.

Geraldine Ferraro: Geraldine Anne Ferraro became the first wom-an and first Italian-American vice-presidential candidate on a na-tional party ticket in 1984. Ferraro skipped three grades to finish high school at 16, won acollege scholarship and put herself through law school.

Mary Lou Retton: Mary Lou Retton was the first female gymnast from outside Eastern Europe to

win the Olympic gold medal in the women’s individual all-around competition at the 1984 Summer

Olympics in Los Angeles, C.A. She was elected to the National Italian American Sports Hall of

Fame in 1992.

And let’s not forget the Italian-American women who inspired these icons:

Rosie the Riveter: Named after Rosie Bonavita from Long Island, N.Y., the image represented millions of American women who replaced male factory workers during World War II and helped get the country back on its feet.

Miss Liberty, Peace Dollar: Modeled by Maria Teresa Cafarelli de Francisci from Clinton, M.A.,

the peace dollar was minted yearly from 1921 to 1928 and again in 1934 and 1935 as a com-

memorative of peace.

Our Italian mothers, and grandmothers before them, may have started out as seamstresses in a

small backroom of a house, with dreams of doing something more, but thanks to their hard work

and dedication, their Italian-American children, and their children’s children, no longer have to

dream- it can finally be a reality.

*Please note that this list of Italian-American women is not intended to be inclusive.

Written by OSIA Social Media & Communications Coordinator, Krystyne Hayes

FAMOUS ITALIANS Robert Loggia

Salvatore Loggia (January 3, 1930 – December 4, 2015), known as Robert Loggia, was an American actor and director. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for Jagged Edge (1985). Other notable appearances include An Officer and a Gentleman (1982), Scarface (1983), Prizzi's Honor (1985), Big (1988), Independence Day (1996), and Lost Highway (1997), as well as television series such as The Sopranos

Early Life Salvatore Loggia, an Italian American, was born on Staten Island on January 3, 1930, to Benia-mino Loggia, a shoemaker born in Palma di Montechiaro, Agrigento, Sicily, and Elena Blandino, a homemaker born in Vittoria, Ragusa, Sicily. He grew up in the Little Italy neighborhood, where the family spoke Italian at home. He attended New Dorp High School before going to Wagner Col-lege. Later he started courses towards a degree in journalism at the University of Missouri, but later switched to drama courses with Alvina Krause at Northwestern University. After serving in the U.S. Army, he married Marjorie Sloan in 1954, and began a long career at the Actors Studio, studying under Stella Adler. At age 25, he made his debut on Broadway in The Man With the Golden Arm in 1955. Career Although Loggia made his first film in 1956 in an uncredited appearance, it was not until he was cast as a New Mexico lawman Elfego Baca two years later that he gained a breakthrough in Hol-lywood. Loggia was a radio and TV anchor on the Southern Command Network in the Panama Canal Zone and came to prominence playing a real-life sheriff in Nine Lives of Elfego Baca in a series of Walt Disney TV shows. He later starred as the proverbial cat-burglar-turned-good circus artiste, Thomas Hewitt Edward Cat in a short-lived detective series called T.H.E. Cat first broad-cast in 1966. The cancellation of the series by NBC, when viewing figures failed to deliver, Loggia went into a mid-life crisis; a "Dante-esque descent into the inferno" as he called it later. For six years his career foundered and his marriage fell apart. Restless and unnerved, constantly riddled with self-doubt, a chance meeting with Audrey O'Brien was a saving grace. She helped him out of a crisis and they later married. Despite playing Frank Carver on the CBS soap opera The Secret Storm[6] in 1972, he took a new course, when he decided to begin a career in directing. He carried on acting with many television credits in a variety of roles also included appearances on Overland Trail, Target: The Corruptors!, The Untouchables, The Eleventh Hour, Breaking Point, Combat!, Custer, Columbo, Ellery Queen, High Chaparral, Gunsmoke, Voyage to the Bot-tom of the Sea, The Big Valley, The Wild Wild West, Rawhide, Little House on the Prairie, Starsky and Hutch, Charlie's Angels, Magnum, P.I., Quincy, M.E., Kojak, Hawaii Five-0, The Bionic Wom-an, Falcon Crest, Frasier, The Sopranos, Monk, and Oliver Stone's miniseries Wild Palms. The director Blake Edwards often cast Loggia in his films in one of the minor and supporting roles. These included Revenge of the Pink Panther (1978). And in S.O.B. (1981) which was a sat-ire about Hollywood. There followed the Pink Panther sequels used as personal vehicles for Peter Sellers.

Loggia acted in several widely acclaimed such as An Officer and a Gentleman (1982), Scarface (1983) and Prizzi's Honor (1985), in addition to the highly popular Independence Day (1996). Other films starring Loggia include Over The Top (1987), Necessary Roughness (1991), and Re-turn to Me (2000). Loggia was nominated for an Oscar for his portrayal of crusty private detective Sam Ransom in the thriller Jagged Edge (1985) and for an Emmy in 1989, for his portrayal of FBI agent Nick Man-cuso in the TV series Mancuso, FBI, a follow up to the previous year's miniseries Favorite Son (1988). Loggia appeared as a mobster in multiple films, including: Bill Sykes, the dastardly loan shark in Disney's Oliver & Company (1988), Salvatore "The Shark" Macelli in John Landis' Inno-cent Blood (1992), Mr.Eddy in David Lynch's Lost Highway (1997), and Don Vito Leoni in David Jablin's The Don's Analyst (1997). Additionally, he played violent mobster Feech La Manna in several episodes of The Sopranos. In 1998, Loggia appeared in a television commercial lampooning obscure celebrity endorse-ments. In it, a young boy names Loggia as someone he would trust to recommend Minute Maid orange-tangerine blend. Loggia instantly appears and endorses the drink, to which the boy ex-claims, "Whoa, Robert Loggia!" The commercial was later referenced in a Malcolm in the Middle episode, in which Loggia made a guest appearance as "Grandpa Victor" (for which he received his second Emmy nomination); Loggia drinks some orange juice, then spits it out and complains about the pulp. In addition to playing the immoral loan shark and shipyard agent Sykes in the animated Disney film Oliver & Company (1988), Loggia had several other voice acting roles, in several media, in-cluding: as Admiral Petrarch in the computer game FreeSpace 2 (1999), as the narrator of the Scarface: The World is Yours (2006) game adaptation, and in the anime movie The Dog of Flan-ders (1997), as crooked cop Ray Machowski in the video game Grand Theft Auto III (2001), and a recurring role on the Adult Swim animated TV comedy series Tom Goes to the Mayor (2004-2006). In August 2009, Loggia appeared in one of Apple's Get a Mac advertisements. The advertise-ment features Loggia as a personal trainer hired by PC to get him back on top of his game.] On October 26, 2009, TVGuide.com announced Loggia had joined the cast of the TNT series Men of a Certain Age. In 2012, Loggia portrayed Saint Peter during his final imprisonment in The Apos-tle Peter and the Last Supper.[2] Loggia partnered with Canadian entrepreneur Frank D'Angelo from 2013, appearing in three films (Real Gangsters, The Big Fat Stone, and No Depo$it), with a fourth film in production (Sicilian Vampire) at the time of Loggia's death. Loggia served as a direc-tor for episodes of Quincy M.E., Magnum P.I. and Hart to Hart. Personal Life Loggia was married to Marjorie Sloan from 1954 to 1981, with whom he had three children: Tracey (an actress), John (a production designer), and Kristina (an actress). Loggia and Sloan were divorced in 1981.In 1982, Loggia married Audrey O'Brien, a business executive and the mother of his stepdaughter Cynthia Marlette. Loggia and O'Brien remained married until his death in 2015. Illness and death In 2010, Loggia was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease[ and died on December 4, 2015, of com-plications from the disease, at his home in the Brentwood neighborhood of Los Angeles, aged 85.

A second notable case in Petrosino's stint with the Italian Squad was his infiltration of an Italian-based anarchist organization that assassinated King Umberto I of Italy. During his mission, he discovered evidence that the organization intended to assassinate President William McKinley during his trip to Buffalo. Petrosino warned the Secret Service, but McKinley ignored the warning, even after Roosevelt, who had by this time become Vice-President of the United States, vouched for Petrosino's abili-ties. McKinley was assassinated by Leon Czolgosz during his visit to Buffalo's Pan-American Exposition on September 6, 1901. Arrest of the Don Petrosino's investigations into Mafia activities led him to Don Vito Cascio Ferro. In 1903, Petro-sino arrested him on suspicion of murder, but Cascio Ferro was acquitted. He later returned to Sicily, where he became increasingly involved with the Sicilian Mafia.Template:Brooklyn DA.org 2013 Assassination In 1909, Petrosino made plans to travel to Palermo, Sicily, on a top secret mission. However, because of the incompetence of Theodore A. Bingham, New York's police commissioner, the New York Herald published the story of Petrosino's mission on February 20, 1909, just days be-fore his departure. Even though he was aware of the danger, Petrosino headed to Palermo as planned. This decision would prove fatal. Petrosino wrongly believed that the Sicilian Mafia would not kill a policeman, as they did not in America On March 12, 1909, after arriving in Palermo, Petrosino received a message from someone claiming to be an informant, asking the detective to meet him in the city's Piazza Marina to give him information about the Mafia. Petrosino arrived at the rendezvous, but it was a trap. While waiting for his "informant", Petrosino was shot to death by Mafia assassins. On March 12, 2003 a small memorial (an engraved brass plate on a pole) was erected on Piazza Marina in Petrosino's remembrance. The day after Petrosino's shooting, the detective's Italian Branch received an anonymous letter stating that the New York Black Hand had arranged the murder. The letter named members of the Morello crime family: Joe Morello, Vincenzo and Ciro Terranova, Giuseppe Fontana, Ignazio Milone, and Pietro Inzerillo. Writes Mike Purcell of mobsters.8m.com: Cascio Ferro worked with these men during his three-year tenure in New York, so their involvement is possible, but: "We will probably never know for sure whether or not the letter was a hoax. Vito Cascioferro was arrested for Petrosino's murder but was released after an associate provid-ed an alibi. However, he later claimed to other crime figures that he had killed Petrosino, and this helped propel him into the position of capo di tutti capi (boss of bosses). Ironically, Ferro died in prison in 1943 after being arrested in 1927 and charged with a murder he probably did not com-mit. Palermo's police commissioner, Baldassare Ceola, listed five Sicilian suspects: Pasquale Enea, links with the Black Hand in New York Giuseppe Fontana, previously involved with a murder in Sicily and Black Hand actvities in New York

Giuseppe "Joe" Petrosino (August 30, 1860 - March 12, 1909) was a New York City police officer who was a pioneer in the fight against orga-nized crime. The various crime fighting techniques that Petrosino pio-neered during his law enforcement career are still practiced by various agencies in the fight against crime.

Early years

In 1874, the balance of the Petrosino family emigrated to the United States from Padula (in the province of Salerno, Campania), a village in southern Italy. Joseph had been sent over previously with a young cousin (Antonio Puppolo) to live with his grandfather in New York. An unfortunate streetcar accident took the life of the grandfather and the two young cousins wound up in Orphans/Surrogates Court. Rather than send the children to the orphanage, the judge took them home to

his own family and provided for the boys until relatives in Italy could be contacted and arrange-ments made to bring over family members. In consequence, Joseph Petrosino and his cousin Anthony Puppolo lived with a "politically connected" Irish household for some time, and this opened up educational and employment avenues not always available to more recent immi-grants. On October 19, 1883 he joined the NYPD.

Petrosino married the widow Adelina Saulino (1869-1957), with whom he had a daughter also

christened Adelina (1908-2004).

During his service he would become friends with Theodore Roosevelt, who was police commis-sioner of New York City at the time. On July 20, 1895, Roosevelt promoted him to detective ser-geant in charge of the department's Homicide Division, making him the first Italian-American to lead this division.

The pinnacle of his career came in December 1908 when he was promoted to lieutenant and placed in charge of the Italian Squad, an elite corps of Italian-American detectives assembled specifically to deal with the criminal activities of organizations like the Mafia, which Petrosino saw as a shame to decent Italians.

The Black Hand and Enrico Caruso One notable case in Petrosino's stint with the Italian Squad was when the Italian tenor Enrico Caruso, who was performing at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City, was being blackmailed by Black Hand gangsters who demanded money in exchange for his life. It was Pe-trosino who convinced Caruso to help him catch those behind the blackmail. Assassination of William McKinley

Lt. Joe Petrosino, NYPD, Badge #285

Born August 30, 1860

Paula, Campania, Italy

Died March 12, 1909 Palermo, Sicily, Italy

Gioacchino Lima, previously charged with a murder, brother-in-law to Giuseppe Morello, Ignazio Milone, worked with Fontana in New York, Giovanni Pecoraro, links to Sicilian and New York crime, and Vito Cascioferro

Author/historians Mike Dash and identified the most likely assassins as Carlo Costantino and An-tonio Passananti; Costantino and Passananti died in the late 1930s and in March 1969, respec-tively.

Funeral

Funeral rites for Petrosino were performed in Palermo, after which his body was sent to New York aboard the English S/S Slavonia, arriving April 9. On April 12, 1909, funeral rites were again con-ducted in St. Patrick’s Cathedral in Manhattan, with over 200,000 people taking part in the funeral procession.

New York City declared the day of his burial a holiday to allow its citizens to pay their respects.

A pillar topped with an elaborate bust marks his gravesite in Queens, New York's Cavalry Ceme-tery. Ironically, multiple organized crime notables are buried there, nearby, including members of the Morello crime family which he investigated, (e.g., Guiseppe "Peter" Morello (the Clutch Hand), Ignatius "Lupo the Wolf" Lupo (1877–1947), Giuseppe "the Clutch Hand" Morello and the Ter-ranova brothers (who rest in bare graves).

Aftermath

GangRule.com writes: "On July 17th 1909, Baldassare Ceola, was relieved of his position as the police commissioner of Palermo, and on the same day Theodore Bingham stepped down as po-lice commissioner of New York."

Petrosino's widow (b. 1869) died in 1957.

There is a OSIA Lodge named after Lt. Joseph Petro-sino in New York

Lt. Joseph Petrosino Lodge #285 Most Precious Blood Church

113 Baxter Street New York, NY 10013

(347) 964-7892 President: Dr. Emelise Aleandri

Gerald R. Ford Thirty-Eighth President 1974-1977 When Gerald R. Ford took the oath of office on Au-gust 9, 1974, he declared, "I assume the Presidency under extraordinary circumstances.... This is an hour of history that troubles our minds and hurts our hearts."

It was indeed an unprecedented time. He had been the first Vice President chosen under the terms of the Twenty-fifth Amendment and, in the aftermath of the Watergate scandal, was succeeding the first President ever to resign. Ford was confronted with almost insuperable tasks. There were the challenges of master-ing inflation, reviving a depressed economy, solving chronic energy shortages, and trying to ensure world peace. The President acted to curb the trend toward Government intervention and spending as a means of solving the problems of American society and the economy. In the long run, he believed, this shift would bring a better life for all Americans. Ford's reputation for integrity and openness had made him popular during his 25 years in Congress. From 1965 to 1973, he was House Minority Leader. Born in Omaha, Nebras-ka, in 1913, he grew up in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He starred on the University of Michi-gan football team, then went to Yale, where he served as assistant coach while earning his law degree. During World War II he attained the rank of lieutenant commander in the Navy. After the war he returned to Grand Rapids, where he began the practice of law, and entered Republican politics. A few weeks before his election to Congress in 1948, he married Elizabeth Bloomer. They have four children: Michael, John, Steven, and Susan.

As President, Ford tried to calm earlier controversies by granting former President Nixon a full pardon. His nominee for Vice President, former Governor Nelson Rockefeller of New York, was the second person to fill that office by appointment. Gradually, Ford se-lected a cabinet of his own. Ford established his policies during his first year in office, despite opposition from a heav-ily Democratic Congress. His first goal was to curb inflation. Then, when recession be-came the Nation's most serious domestic problem, he shifted to measures aimed at stim-ulating the economy. But, still fearing inflation, Ford vetoed a number of non-military ap-propriations bills that would have further increased the already heavy budgetary deficit. During his first 14 months as President he vetoed 39 measures. His vetoes were usually sustained. Ford continued as he had in his Congressional days to view himself as "a moderate in domestic affairs, a conservative in fiscal affairs, and a dyed-in-the-wool internationalist in foreign affairs." A major goal was to help business operate more freely by reducing taxes upon it and easing the controls exercised by regulatory agencies. "We...declared our in-dependence 200 years ago, and we are not about to lose it now to paper shufflers and computers," he said. In foreign affairs Ford acted vigorously to maintain U. S. power and prestige after the col-lapse of Cambodia and South Viet Nam. Preventing a new war in the Middle East re-mained a major objective; by providing aid to both Israel and Egypt, the Ford Administra-tion helped persuade the two countries to accept an interim truce agreement. Detente with the Soviet Union continued. President Ford and Soviet leader Leonid I. Brezhnev set new limitations upon nuclear weapons. President Ford won the Republican nomination for the Presidency in 1976, but lost the election to his Democratic opponent, former Governor Jimmy Carter of Georgia. On Inauguration Day, President Carter began his speech: "For myself and for our Nation, I want to thank my predecessor for all he has done to heal our land." A grateful people concurred.

Gerald Rudolph Ford The Thirty-Eighth President • 1974-1977

“A Time For Healing” Biographical Facts Birth: Omaha, Nebraska, July 14, 1913 (Born as Leslie Lynch King Jr.) Ancestry: English Father: Leslie Lynch King Birth: Riverton, Wyoming, 1882 Death: Tucson, Arizona, February 18, 1941 Occupation: Wool Merchant Mother: Dorothy Ayer Gardner King Ford Birth: Harvard, Illinois, February 28, 1892 Death: Grand Rapids, Michigan, September 17, 1967 Stepfather: Gerald Rudolph Ford Birth: Grand Rapids, Michigan, December 19, 1890 Death: Grand Rapids, Michigan, January 26, 1962 Occupation: President, Ford Paint and Var-nish Co. Half Brothers: Leslie "Bud" Henry King (1923-1976); Thomas G. Ford (1918-); Richard A. Ford (1924-); ames F. Ford (1927-) Half Sisters: Marjorie King (1921-); Patricia King (1925-)

Marriage: Grand Rapids, Michigan, October 15, 1948 Wife: Elizabeth "Betty" Ann Bloomer Warren Ford Birth: Chicago, Illinois, April 8, 1918 Children: Michael Gerald Ford (1950-); John Gardner Ford (1952-); Steven Meigs Ford (1956-); Susan Elizabeth Ford (1957-) Religious Affiliation: Episcopalian Education: South High School; University of Michigan (A.B., 1935); Yale University Law School (LL.B., 1941) Occupation Before Presidency: Lawyer Military Service: Ens., lt. cmdr., U.S. Navy (active duty, 1942-1946) Prepresidential Offices: United States con-gressman; United States Vice President Inauguration Age: 61 Occupations After Presidency: Speaker; Businessman Death: Rancho Mirage, California, December 26, 2006 Place of Burial: Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum, Grand Rapids, Michigan

KNOW YOUR PRESIDENTS

EARLY MAINE HISTORY

When the first Europeans arrived in present-day Maine, the region was occupied by about 20 Algonquian tribes, united in a loose organization known as the Abnaki or Wa-banaki. Only the Penobscot and the Passamaquoddy tribes remain today. Laying claim to all of New England, based on the explorations of John Cabot a century earlier, King James I of England authorized the Plymouth Company to colonize the area in 1606. The following year the company founded a settlement on the west bank of the Kennebec River on Sagadahoc Peninsula, but it lasted only a year. French settlements on Saint Croix Island and Mount Desert Island also failed. In 1691, Maine became part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The name Maine probably originated as the word used by English explorers to refer to the mainland; it may also be derived from the province and region of Maine in northwest France. Maine was admitted to the Union on March 15, 1820, as the 23rd state, as a result of the Missouri Compromise. It gained national prominence for its leadership in the temperance movement in the 1820s and its adoption of a prohibition law in 1851. Meanwhile, a dispute was brewing over the boundary separating Maine from the Canadi-an province of New Brunswick. By the late 1830s, both Canadian and Maine lumbermen sought control of disputed territory in present-day Aroostook County The so-called Aroostook War (1838�39), a bloodless controversy between the United States and Great Britain over a part of the boundary between the United States and present-day Canada, was ended by U.S. forces and the boundary issue was resolved by the Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842.

MAINE'S MIDDLE HISTORY

Before the American Civil War, Maine's economy expanded as it supplied the nation with lumber products and ice for food packing. Other emerging industries were lime and gran-ite quarrying, textile milling, fishing and shipbuilding. After the war, the emergence of steel-hulled ships and the movement of the textile industry out of New England contribut-ed to economic decline. Maine increasingly relied on the paper and pulp industries, and beginning in the 1880s tourism became a major industry. Maine suffered from both rural and urban poverty after World War II. Issues involving en-ergy and the environment aroused major controversies in the 1970s and 80s, as citizens' groups repeatedly tried and failed to revoke the license of the state's lone nuclear power plant; the 25-year-old facility was closed in 1997.

MAINE ( The Pine Tree State ) Year of Statehood Mar. 15, 1820

MAINE TODAY

Today, manufacturing is a key part of the Pine Tree State's economy and paper and wood products, transportation equipment and electronics are important commodities. Maine�s soil and climate make farming challenging, but blueberries, apples, hay and po-tatoes are among the successful crops. Maine is also known for its lobsters and maple syrup. With mountains, state parks, numerous lakes and scenic Atlantic Ocean coastline, tourism remains a significant part of the state�s economy. In April 2000, the Maine legislature became the first in the U.S. to pass a measure man-dating price controls on prescription drugs sold in the state. Famous Mainers include authors Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Edna St. Vincent Millay, E.B. White and Stephen King; artist Andrew Wyeth; entrepreneur L.L. Bean; and mara-thoner Joan Benoit Samuelson.

MAINE Fun Facts

Maine is home to lots of different kinds of wildlife, such as foxes, skunks, red squir-rels, chickadees, seagulls and even moose!

Maine is famous for its lobsters. In fact, 90 percent of the nation's catch is hauled in off the coast of Maine.

Forests cover nearly 90 percent of Maine. No wonder it is called the Pine Tree State.

Head to Maine for some alone time—it's the least densely populated state east of the Mississippi River.

Millions of tourists visit Maine each summer, earning it the nickname "Vacationland."

Maine is the first place in the United States to see the sun rise.

Maine is a well-known producer of scores of wood products—from toothpicks to golf tees.

Horror writer Stephen King's Victorian-style home is a popular tourist attraction in Bangor.

Freeport, Maine, is home to mail-order giant L.L.Bean, founded by Mainer Leon Leonwood Bean in 1912.

York, Maine, became America's first incorporated city in 1642. Today, it is home to about 13,000 people.

HAPPY ANNIVERSARY

HAPPY BIRTHDAY

Joan Stokes 1/9

Frank Masi 1/12

Gregory Martini 1/12

Rosemarie Belmonte 1/15

Edward Lauda 2/9

Linda Lee Bietighofer 2/25

John Brisacone 2/27

Vincent Belmonte 2/28

Mike Tarmaggiore 3/1

Carmela Colella 3/2

Roseann Lonati 3/8

Santo Scacco 3/11

Marleen Annulli 3/13

Grace Buonocore 3/23

Mary Ann Kuznits 3/29

Mike & Bella Tarmaggiore 2/1/1963

Gregory R. & Theresa "Martini 2/1/1964

Joe & Dottie Arcaro 3/9/1965

Edward & Deborah Lauda 3/1/1975

HAPPY ANNIVERSARY

HAPPY BIRTHDAY

Dottie and Joe Arcaro

Dawn and L.J. Benton

Christine Beard

Vincent & Rosemarie Belmonte

Linda Lee Bietighofer

John & Pauline Brisacone

Carmela & Dick Colella

Vera and Al Como

Joseph & Joan Coppolino

Dominick D’Aquino

Constance & Dominick Esposito

Edward & Deborah Lauda

Carol Leverone

Roseann Lonati

Gregory R. & Theresa Martini

Frank Masi

Eileen Moffitt

Pam and Frank Palmieri

Carol Pucci

Vicki and Santo Scacco

Joseph & Antoinette Scarimbolo

Ralph Scognamiglio

Joan Stokes

Sam Testa

BOOSTER CLUB

2014 — 2016 OFFICERS

President Greg Martini 678-493-8498 olive2@att.net

Vice President Edward Lauda 770-592-9828 elauda4962@aol.com

Immediate Past President L J Benton 770-928-9314 Degrillmouse@comcast.net

Orator Open

Recording Secretary Terry Martini 678-493-8498 olive2@att.net

Financial Secretary Santo Scacco 770-924-2360 scacco@bellsouth.net

Treasurer Vincent Belmonte 770-971-7746 vcbelmonte@gmail.com

Guard Frank Masi 770-354-5855 bigfrank1938@aol.com

Trustee John Brisacone 770-928-0062 entemador@bellsouth.net

Trustee Pauline Brisacone 770-928-0062 paulindapj@att.net

Trustee Dawn Benton 770-928-9314 theirishmouse@comcast.net

Trustee Deborah Lauda 770-592-9828 winebibber0505@aol.com

Trustee Christine Beard 770-594-1354 walchris@comcast.com

Mistress of Ceremonies Antoinette Scarimbolo 770-721-7074 annluvsoaps@aol.com

Master of Ceremonies Joe Scarimbolo 770-721-7074 njjoey3@aol.com

In Memory of Our Departed Members

Dee Arasi Ralph Palladino Rita Morano

Harold Valery Mike Moffitt Silverio Buonocore

Vita Scacco Lorayne Attubato William J. Bloodgood

Bob Bietighofer Ann Testa Donald F. Stokes

Anthony Joseph Bova Vito Charles Leanza Wallace Fredrick Beard

Lina ( Lee ) Scognamiglio Joeseph Lonati Anthony ( Tony ) Pucci

Sam Testa

Rest in Peace

OSIA Marietta Lodge #2607 P.O. Box 669781 Marietta, GA. 30066