Student Name: _______________________ Date: _________Teacher Name: Lauren Hillstrom Score: _________

So You Want to be a Teacher?Dennis Tyler

I. Introduction:

A. One question I’m often asked, by both students and parents, is “Why did you decide to become a teacher?” I wish I could figure out a simple answer to this seemingly simple question, but the truth is, I’m not quite sure myself. There are many reasons why teaching is a great choice for a profession, but there are also many reasons why this job is not for everyone. If you are seriously considering becoming a teacher for a career, then it’s probably a good idea for you to consider some of the pros and cons of this particular job.

II. The Cons of Teaching:

A. Low Salaries:Everyone knows—teachers do not make a great deal of money. Not only is teacher pay relatively low compared to other professions, it also does not get much better over time. A teacher who has been working twenty-five years doesn’t make substantially more than a teacher who’s only been in the profession for three years. 

B. The Many Frustrations of Teaching:1. Frustrations with Parents:While parents can be a benefit and support in the classroom, they are also often a pain for a teacher—particularly if a parent makes many demands on a teacher’s time with conferences, phone-calls, and e-mails pleading for special excuses for a child’s lack of motivation. Some parents (again, to many new teachers’ shock) can be belligerent or verbally abusive to teachers.

2. Frustrations with Students:New teachers often begin their careers with visions of fantastic class projects and fruitful engaged discussions, only to discover that most of their students are either asleep or completely bored or disinterested by any area of knowledge. A new teacher often finds that reconciling his or her ideals with the reality of the trenches can be very painful indeed.

C. Where did your life go?Someone once said, “Teaching is a job for nuns and priests,” and what this person meant is that teaching is a job that consumes all of your life. Presumably, the job is perfect for nuns and priests who do not have familial obligations to distract them from giving of all their time. Because teaching doesn’t end when the bell rings at 3 pm; often that’s when clubs need sponsoring, sports need coaching, meetings need leading, and dances need chaperoning. It can seem endless. Teachers may find themselves looking a little more wrinkly and gray in the mirror much earlier than they expected. Teaching can age a person quite quickly.

III. The Pros of Teaching:

A. There’s More to Life Than Your Salary:While it is true that the pay is (and stays) relatively low, teachers usually don’t starve. Being a teacher means having a modest and humble lifestyle, but not being impoverished. If nothing else, the pay is reliable; no one budgets better than teachers who get paid the same amount once a month and have to make that paycheck last right up to the next one. Besides, there are many other (non-monetary) compensations for the low pay.

B. The Many Benefits of Teaching:1. Strong, Supportive Union and CollegialityTeaching can be a lonely profession, trapped in a room day after day with everyone far younger than you, but in other ways teachers are not alone and very well-supported. Many states have powerful and influential teacher’s unions that look after teachers’ best interests. Also teachers often develop strong supportive friendships that make the burdens of the job weight a little lighter.

2. Those Famous “Summers Off” and Other HolidaysThe benefit that everyone who is not a teacher knows about is the “summers off.” While it is true that teachers do have a summer break, it gets shorter every year—and often teachers (to make up for their low pay) have to take other jobs while not in the classroom. Still, when you add up the number of days a teacher gets off per year and compare it with another job that only gets two days for Christmas, you realize teachers do have an embarrassment of riches for holidays.

C. Getting Paid in Personal Fulfillment:If teaching does indeed make you prematurely gray, it also (paradoxically) keeps you feeling young at heart. Being surrounded by young people discovering life, love, and joy year after year can keep a teacher’s heart light—the type of lightness that makes up for the lightness of one’s pocketbook. Ask teachers about their most wonderful day on the job, and they are sure to tell you about the day one student told them thank you for making a difference in his or her life. No price tag or salary could ever equal to that kind of fulfillment.

IV. So What’s It Going to Be?

A. Ultimately no one can tell you whether or not teaching is the right fit for you. Only your own experience can answer that question. You just have to investigate the profession with wide-open eyes that see both teaching’s woes and its virtues. Do the pains of teaching outweigh the pleasures? Only you can decide.

1) Which statement BEST summarizes the section, There's More to Life Than Your Salary?

A) The pay for a teacher is usually low, but they don’t actually starve.

B) Teachers, because they only get paid once a month, are some of the best budget-makers around.

C) A teacher’s paycheck is very reliable; it always arrives at the same time and in the same amount.

D) While it is true that teachers don’t make a lot of money, there are many other (non-monetary) compensations for the low pay.

2) Which statement BEST summarizes the section, The Cons of Teaching?A) Being a teacher means that you are going to have a low salary.

B) If you become a teacher, you’d better be a nun or a priest.

C) Being a teacher can be very frustrating, but ultimately it’s a really good job to have.

D) Being a teacher has many drawbacks: a low salary, frustration with parents and students, and long hours of work after school has ended.

3) Which statement BEST summarizes the section entitled, The Pros of Teaching?

A) Being a teacher means that you get to have a lot of days where you don’t have to work.

B) If you become a teacher, you will always have the teacher’s union and friends standing behind you in times of trouble.

C) Teaching can be a very personally fulfilling job—even if you don’t make a lot of money, you can still get a lot of job satisfaction out of it.

D) Being a teacher means having many benefits: personal job fulfillment, a strong union, supportive friends and colleagues, and many holidays and breaks off during the school year.

PygmalionGeorge Bernard Shaw

MRS. PEARCE[returning] This is the young woman, sir. 

The flower girl enters in state. She has a hat with three ostrich feathers, orange, sky-blue, and red. She has a nearly clean apron, and the shoddy coat has been tidied a little. The pathos of this deplorable figure, with its innocent vanity and consequential air, touches Pickering, who has already straightened himself in the presence of Mrs. Pearce. But as to Higgins, the only distinction he makes between men and women is that when he is neither bullying nor exclaiming to the heavens against some featherweight cross, he coaxes women as a child coaxes its nurse when it wants to get anything out of her. 

HIGGINS[brusquely, recognizing her with unconcealed disappointment, and at once, babylike, making an intolerable grievance of it] Why, this is the girl I jotted down last night. She’s no use: I’ve got all the records I want of the Lisson Grove lingo; and I'm not going to waste another cylinder on it. [To the girl] Be off with you: I don’t want you. 

THE FLOWER GIRLDon’t you be so saucy. You aint heard what I come for yet. [To Mrs. Pearce, who is waiting at the door for further instruction] Did you tell him I come in a taxi? 

MRS. PEARCENonsense, girl! what do you think a gentleman like Mr. Higgins cares what you came in? 

THE FLOWER GIRLOh, we are proud! He aint above giving lessons, not him: I heard him say so. Well, I aint come here to ask for any compliment; and if my money's not good enough I can go elsewhere. 

HIGGINSGood enough for what? 

THE FLOWER GIRLGood enough for ye-oo. Now you know, don’t you? I'm come to have lessons, I am. And to pay for em too: make no mistake. 

HIGGINS

[stupent] W e l l ! ! ! [Recovering his breath with a gasp] What do you expect me to say to you?

THE FLOWER GIRLWell, if you was a gentleman, you might ask me to sit down, I think. Don’t I tell you I'm bringing you business? 

HIGGINSPickering: shall we ask this baggage to sit down or shall we throw her out of the window?

THE FLOWER GIRL[running away in terror to the piano, where she turns at bay] Ah-ah-ah-ow-ow-ow-oo! [Wounded and whimpering] I wont be called a baggage when I’ve offered to pay like any lady. Motionless, the two men stare at her from the other side of the room, amazed. 

PICKERING[gently] What is it you want, my girl? 

THE FLOWER GIRLI want to be a lady in a flower shop stead of selling at the corner of Tottenham Court Road. But they wont take me unless I can talk more genteel. He said he could teach me. Well, here I am ready to pay him--not asking any favor--and he treats me as if I was dirt. 

MRS. PEARCEHow can you be such a foolish ignorant girl as to think you could afford to pay Mr. Higgins? 

THE FLOWER GIRLWhy shouldnt I? I know what lessons cost as well as you do; and I'm ready to pay. 

HIGGINSHow much? 

THE FLOWER GIRL[coming back to him, triumphant] Now you’re talking! I thought you’d come off it when you saw a chance of getting back a bit of what you chucked at me last night. [Confidentially] You’d had a drop in, hadn’t you? 

HIGGINS[peremptorily] Sit down. 

THE FLOWER GIRLOh, if you’re going to make a compliment of it--

HIGGINS[thundering at her] Sit down. 

MRS. PEARCE[severely] Sit down, girl. Do as you’re told. [She places the stray chair near the hearthrug between Higgins and Pickering, and stands behind it waiting for the girl to sit down]. 

THE FLOWER GIRLAh-ah-ah-ow-ow-oo! [She stands, half rebellious, half bewildered]. 

PICKERING[very courteous] Won't you sit down? 

THE FLOWER GIRL[coyly] Don’t mind if I do. [She sits down. Pickering returns to the hearthrug]. 

HIGGINSWhat’s your name? 

THE FLOWER GIRLLiza Doolittle.

4) Which line BEST shows that the flower girl is not intimidated by Mr. Higgins?

A) Now you’re talking.

B) Don’t mind if I do.C) Don’t you be so saucy.

D) I know what lessons cost as well as you do.

5) Which pair of adjectives BEST describes the character of the flower girl in this scene?

A) confused and timid

B) nonchalant but anxious

C) terrified and insecureD) bold but frightened

6) Which character’s treatment of Liza is the most polite and civilized?A) PickeringB) Mr. HigginsC) Mrs. PearceD) They are all rude to her.

The Most Dangerous GameRichard Connell

1 "OFF THERE to the right--somewhere--is a large island," said Whitney. "It's rather a mystery--"

2 "What island is it?" Rainsford asked.

3 "The old charts call it `Ship-Trap Island,"' Whitney replied." A suggestive name, isn't it? Sailors have a curious dread of the place. I don't know why. Some superstition--"

4 "Can't see it," remarked Rainsford, trying to peer through the dank tropical night that was palpable as it pressed its thick warm blackness in upon the yacht.

5 "You've good eyes," said Whitney, with a laugh, "and I've seen you pick off a moose moving in the brown fall bush at four hundred yards, but even you can't see four miles or so through a moonless Caribbean night."

6 "Nor four yards," admitted Rainsford. "Ugh! It's like moist black velvet."

7 "It will be light enough in Rio," promised Whitney. "We should make it in a few days. I hope the jaguar guns have come from Purdey's. We should have some good hunting up the Amazon. Great sport, hunting."

8 "The best sport in the world," agreed Rainsford.

9 "For the hunter," amended Whitney. "Not for the jaguar."

10 "Don't talk rot, Whitney," said Rainsford. "You're a big-game hunter, not a philosopher. Who cares how a jaguar feels?"

11 "Perhaps the jaguar does," observed Whitney.

12 "Bah! They've no understanding."

13 "Even so, I rather think they understand one thing--fear. The fear of pain and the fear of death."

14 "Nonsense," laughed Rainsford. "This hot weather is making you soft, Whitney. Be a realist. The world is made up of two classes--the hunters and the huntees. Luckily, you and I are hunters."

7) What techniques does the author of this passage use to create a sense of mystery and suspense?A) The author pits two characters' views of the world against each other.

B) The author begins the story with comedy to undermine the later horror.

C) The author uses dialogue instead of visual description to open the story.

D) The author foreshadows something bad happening on a dangerous place known as "Ship-Trap" Island.

8) The "Most Dangerous Game" is a short story about a hunter, Rainsford, who ends up getting hunted himself on Ship-Trap Island by another man. This passage is part of the story's exposition. What technique does the author use to foreshadow the plot twist which is to come?

A) The humor that the men share at the beginning of the story changes into tragedy and horror in an ironic way.

B) Whitney's lack of empathy for the hunted foreshadows that he will have to learn how the hunted feels-- the hard way.

C) Whitney's inability to see the island, even though he is known to have great vision, foreshadows his blindness about hunting.

D) Rainsford's lack of empathy for the hunted foreshadows that he will have to learn how the hunted feels-- the hard way.

The NecklaceGuy de Maupassant

1 When she sat down to dinner at her round table with its three-day-old cloth, and watched her husband opposite her lift the lid of the soup tureen and exclaim, delighted: "Ah, a good homemade beef stew! There's nothing better..." she would visualize elegant dinners with gleaming silver amid tapestried walls peopled by knights and ladies and exotic birds in a fairy forest; she would think of exquisite dishes served on gorgeous china, and of gallantries whispered and received with sphinx-like smiles while eating the pink flesh of trout or wings of grouse.

2 She had no proper wardrobe, no jewels, nothing. And those were the only things that she loved--she felt she was made for them. She would have so loved to charm, to be envied, to be admired and sought after.

She had a rich friend, an old school friend whom she refused to visit, because she suffered so keenly when she returned home. She would weep whole days, with grief, regret, despair, and misery.

9) In the first line of the passage, what does the description "three-day-old cloth" mean and what does it suggest about the woman's opinion of her home?

A) The table cloth is new, just made three days ago. The woman imagines her table with knights and ladies richly dressed.

B) The table cloth is new, just made three days ago. The woman thinks her table is shabby compared to the fancy ones in her imagination.

C) The table cloth has been on the table for three days; the woman thinks her table is even finer than the fancy ones in her imagination.

D) The table cloth has been on the table for three days. The woman thinks her table is shabby compared to the fancy ones in her imagination.

10) What words are clues that this story involves aspects of French culture?

A) The words used for money are indicative of the French culture.

B) The phrase "three-day old cloth" is indicative of French culture.

C) The words used for the dinner the main characters are eating are indicative of French culture.

D) The word diabolical, which appears in bold in the story, is indicative of French culture.

The River ThamesRoberto Barerra

1Rivers have played an important role in human history. Since ancient times, towns, cities, and entire civilizations have thrived around rivers, which provide people with many of life’s necessities. One such river, the River Thames, has been instrumental in the founding and development of London.

2The River Thames stretches 215 miles across southern England. More than eighty islands are scattered throughout its length. The Thames runs right through the center of London. This made the river essential to the growth and success of both London and the United Kingdom.

3Having the Thames flow through the city allowed trade ships from around the world to come and go with ease, making London the major transportation hub of England for centuries. The amount of money brought in by both national and international trade made London one of the major commerce centers of Europe.

4While the Thames is important to many businesses, it also affects the daily lives of the city’s seven million citizens. Over the years, the river has provided London’s people with food, drinking water, transportation, and a place to relax. For centuries, artists like Claude Monet, Charles Dickens, and Edmund Spenser have looked to the Thames for inspiration. These men used the river as a central figure in several of their works. In addition, some of the most well-known national symbols of the United Kingdom are located on the river’s banks. Historic sites like Big Ben, the Palace of Westminster, the London Eye, and the Tower Bridge are all located near the Thames.

5The River Thames has played a significant role in military operations throughout the country’s history. In ancient times, the Romans set their sights on expanding their empire by using the navigable waters of the Thames to invade the British Isles. From the sea, they could easily enter the mouth of the river and move inward. After a failed attempt at defeating the British tribes the year before, Julius Cesar broke through their defenses along the River Thames in 54 B.C. Although the British fought against the Romans nearly a century later, Roman forces remained in England until the fall of the empire. 

6The Thames was vital to the defense of Great Britain during World War II. In 1940, the German Air Force started bombing London. German pilots followed the river up into the center of the city, where they dropped their bombs. The first attack destroyed almost all of the docks in London’s port and killed hundreds The British also used the Thames to help defend their city. Water was pumped out of the Thames to put out fires started by the bombs and volunteers patrolled the river to ensure that the German ships didn’t enter the Port of London. Supplies and troops often traveled up and down the Thames when bombings obstructed the roads. 

7Over the years, the river has been the source of a number of problems. In the nineteenth century, Londoners dumped waste from their homes into the Thames. This made the water so smelly that the House of Commons had to relocate for a time. The pollution of the river also contributed to an outbreak of disease that killed many people and to the disappearance of most of the river’s fish. Luckily, various clean-up efforts during the twentieth century have greatly improved the river’s water quality and allowed fish to return. Flooding is another concern. In 1928, a major flood killed fourteen people and left many citizens homeless. Events like this led to the creation of the Thames Barrier, a moveable flood barrier that helps stop floodwaters from reaching central London. 

8Though people no longer rely on the Thames as the only way to get around, the river is still important to many Londoners. These few examples represent only a small number of ways in which the Thames has affected London over the years. If not for the Thames, the world as we know it would be a very different place.

11) What is the MOST LIKELY reason many civilizations developed around rivers?A) People could dispose of their wastes in rivers.

B) Rivers offered people a way to defend their cities.C) Many businesses used rivers to import and export goods.

D) The river provided people with water, food, and transportation.

12) What is the MOST LIKELY reason the Germans followed the Thames during their air raids?

A) They didn’t want to lose their way.

B) They didn’t want to harm innocent citizens.

C) They knew the Thames led to the center of London.

D) They knew the British were defending the riverbanks.

13) What would be the BEST way to show people how the quality of the river’s water has improved since the nineteenth century?

A) read an excerpt from one of Edmund Spenser’s poems about the beauty of the river

B) provide graphs that show that millions of citizens use the river for recreation every day

C) compare pictures of the river during the nineteenth century with pictures of the river today

D) describe the increase in fish in the river since the clean-up efforts in the twentieth century

Does It Work?Terri Roberts

1Whether you’re an athlete, a busy mom chasing young children, or an employee whose job keeps you on your feet, you most likely suffer occasionally from sore feet. Chronic foot pain, however, is a condition that can affect your daily routine. This serious affliction can impact your entire body, leading to discomfort in the knees, hips, and lower back. 

2Today, many products claim to alleviate foot pain and correct posture to realign your body. If you watch television late at night, you’ve probably seen advertisements for the Pro Walk orthopedic inserts. This infomercial claims that these plastic inserts “offer support for your feet, correcting your gait and stabilizing your spine.” The advertisement also maintains that the inserts provide enhanced protection for the feet, absorbing some of the shock produced by standing, walking, and running. The Pro Walk Web site contains many positive assessments of the product’s benefits from anonymous consumers, but we wanted to evaluate the claims for ourselves. 

3To analyze this product, we turned to sixteen-year-old high school student Christian Johnson. Like many students, Christian is extremely busy. Besides going to school, he also participates in a number of extracurricular activities, including soccer and track and field. On the weekends, he waits tables at his uncle’s diner to help save money for college. 

4 “A long shift at the diner or a rough practice can really exasperate the discomfort I feel in my feet,” Christian explains. “Usually, I will do some stretching to try and relieve the pain.” Christian also attributes some of the pain in his hips to the problems he has with his feet. 

5The skeptical teenager agrees to wear the Pro Walk inserts for a week and report his findings to us. On the first day, Christian noticed some tenderness in his feet. While he acknowledged that the inserts supported his arches, he felt slight pain on the sides of his feet. Feeling that the product was too narrow, Christian returned the Pro Walk inserts to the store and exchanged them for a larger size. 

6Luckily, the larger size seemed to fit Christian’s feet perfectly. He decided to wear them to a soccer scrimmage in the park. He didn’t perceive any muscle tension or discomfort during the game, though he admitted that the feeling of the hard plastic under his feet was a little aggravating at first. The teen seemed optimistic about testing the inserts during a strenuous day at the diner. On Saturday, Christian wore the Pro Walk orthotics for the duration of his eight-hour shift. 

7At the end of the seven-day trial, Christian reported a significant improvement in his posture and a sharp decline in foot soreness. Not only did the Pro Walk provide support around Christian’s arches, but he also noticed a reduction in the pain he felt in his hips. He believes that the product is even improving his coordination. 

8After hearing Christian’s praise of the product, we contacted a local podiatrist to get her take on the Pro Walk. For decades, Dr. Ernestine Campbell has recommended orthotics to patients with flat feet or similar conditions. While Dr. Campbell believes that the Pro Walk can provide legitimate relief for people who suffer from chronic foot pain, she stresses the importance of finding an orthotic that fits your feet properly. Maladjusted inserts can have disastrous results, causing more pain and suffering for the wearer. 

9Overall, the Pro Walk inserts seem to do just what they claim. Remember that every individual’s feet are different, so it’s important that you find a product that works for you.

14) Which of these sentences contains a SUMMARY?

A) While he acknowledged that the inserts supported his arches, he felt slight pain on the sides of his feet.

B) Not only did the Pro Walk provide support around Christian’s arches, but he also noticed a reduction in the pain he felt in his hips.

C) This infomercial claims that these plastic inserts “offer support for your feet, correcting your gait and stabilizing for your spine.”

D) He didn’t perceive any muscle tension or discomfort during the game, though he admitted that the feeling of the hard plastic under his feet was a little aggravating at first.

Plugged In, but Tuned Out: The Evil Influence of the MP3 PlayerDarrell Thomas

I. Invasion of the Body Snatchers:Have you noticed a change in the world around you recently? Have you seen how more and more people are walking around with little white rectangles in their hands or pockets with long white wires plugged straight into their ears? At the grocery store yesterday, I counted at least twenty people completely lost in the music provided by their ever-present MP3 players. It’s as if the old science-fiction movie Invasion of the Body Snatchers was coming true; we are being overtaken by pod people. So at the risk of appearing to be a crotchety old man complaining about the “good ole days,” I have to make a stance against the evil influences of the MP3 phenomena on our society.

II. A Rational and Well-Thought Out Fear:Now, I am not a Luddite; I have no desire to go around smashing up every MP3 player or technological gadget in sight. I enjoy and benefit from technological advances just like everyone else. I have a microwave, a television, a lap-top computer, a gas stove, a cell phone, and I use them all practically every day. I am not accusing MP3 players of having detrimental effects upon our society because I hate music either. I profoundly do not hate music—but I do, ridiculous as it sounds, hate personal MP3 players.

III. The Dangers and Distractions of the MP3 Player:People who have MP3 players in their ears simply cannot hear danger approaching. All they hear is the pretend soundtrack of their lives. People walking with an MP3 player cannot hear a dog dashing up behind them nor can they hear the footsteps of a thief or murderer sneaking up behind him or her either. People who drive their cars with an MP3 player plugged in their ears (an act that is considered a traffic violation in many states) cannot hear a child screaming or a horn blowing in warning. Cell phones are known to be a factor in many car accidents, but MP3 players are surely being revealed as an equal distraction as the device becomes more and more popular. I won’t even mention how distracting MP3 players can be for a student in a classroom setting! We basically have handed a device to students that invites them to not pay attention to the real world around them.

IV. Narcissism:Beyond just being distracting and dangerous, MP3 players are detrimental and damaging to society as a whole. MP3 players work against a community of listeners. Everyone is walking all over the neighborhood, plugged into their latest favorite playlist, but no one is talking to anyone. People who are addicted to their MP3 players don’t care about other people. They don’t want community and contact with the real world. MP3 players also actively destroy live musicians' ability to make a living with their art form. No one wants live music anymore when they can pay less to hear it instantly and privately anytime they want. If we don’t curb our use of MP3 players, all our musicians will languish and no new music will be developed. 

V. Toss Them In the Trash!People refuse to recognize the danger of MP3 players because they simply love their MP3 players too much to give them up. The MP3 players are probably doing serious physical damage to their inner eardrums or even the brain itself, but apparently that doesn’t bother anyone. I shudder to think of what the future will be like if we continue on the path of MP3 player slavery we’re traveling. Next time you’re tempted to plug in and tune out, remember my warning. Either we learn to live without MP3 players, or we’re going to turn into a nation of complete zombies. Is that where you want to live?

15) How could the author strengthen his argument about how MP3 players are dangerous when used in a car?

A) by telling us about what kind of car he drives

B) by talking about how many car accidents cell phones have caused

C) by making a list of the fatal accidents that occurred last year

D) by adding some statistics from accident reports that involved MP3 players

16) Which sentence would be the best topic sentence for Paragraph III?A) I have never ever liked MP3 players.

B) You will never find two people who agree on the best MP3 player available.

C) My mother always told me to be careful what I stick in my ears—earphones, included.

D) My primary quibble with MP3 players is that they are very distracting devices and are therefore dangerous.

17) Which sentence from the article has a flaw in logic?

A) Beyond just being distracting and dangerous, MP3 players are detrimental and damaging to society as a whole.

B) People who are addicted to their MP3 players don’t care about other people.

C) Have you noticed a change in the world around you recently?

D) All they hear is the pretend soundtrack of their lives.

Yellowstone Today, Spring 2006 (pg. 3)Yellowstone National Park

Glacier National Park

Entrance FeesNational Parks Pass $50.00

Valid at all U.S. Nationals Parks with entrance fees for 1 year from month of purchase. For an additional $15, a Golden Eagle sticker may be purchased to make the NationalsParks Pass valid at all Federal entrance fee areas.Golden Age Passport $10.00

Lifetime pass, available to U.S. citzens 62 years old and over, valid at all Federal fee areas.Glacier National Park Pass $30.00

Valid at Glacier National Park only, for 1 year from the month of purchasePrivate Passenger Vehicle $25.00

Valid at Glacier National Park for 7 days.Single Person Entry $12.00

Valid for entry into Glacier National Park (by foot, bicycle, motorcycle, or as a member of an organized, non-commmerical group) for 7 days.Commercial Tour Vehicle Fees

Based on vehicle seating capacity:1-6 seats $75.00

7-15 seats $100.00

26 or more seats $200.00

Waterton Lakes National Park

Type Per Day Waterton Annual Nations Parks* Annual

Adult $5.00 $30.00 $45.00

Senior $4.25 $22.00 $38.00

Youth $2.50 $15.00 $22.00

Children under 6 are free

Family Group $12.50 $63.00 $89.00

Bus Groups The fee is $4.50 per person.

*Valid in 27 of Canada's national Parks. All annual passes are valid for 12 months from the month of purchase. Fees are listed in Canadian funds and are subject to change.

18) Which statement BEST expresses how the print style used in this document guides the reader in understanding the document?

A) The passes are listed in alphabetical order.

B) The prices are listed from cheapest to most expensive.

C) The boldfaced words highlight different categories of information.

D) The font style changes for each category of pass available to seniors.

19) Which of these BEST identifies the text elements used in this document?A) italics and headings

B) captions and italics

C) bold faced print and italics

D) headings and bold faced printCIA World Factbook Notes and Definitions

CIA World Factbook

This entry lists the most pressing and important environmental problems. The following terms and abbreviations are used throughout the entry: 

Acidification - the lowering of soil and water pH due to acid precipitation and deposition usually through precipitation; this process disrupts ecosystem nutrient flows and may kill freshwater fish and plants dependent on more neutral or alkaline conditions (see acid rain). 

Acid rain - characterized as containing harmful levels of sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxide; acid rain is damaging and potentially deadly to the earth's fragile ecosystems; acidity is measured using the pH scale where 7 is neutral, values greater than 7 are considered alkaline, and values below 5.6 are considered acid precipitation; note - a pH of 2.4 (the acidity of vinegar) has been measured in rainfall in New England. 

Aerosol - a collection of airborne particles dispersed in a gas, smoke, or fog. 

Afforestation - converting a bare or agricultural space by planting trees and plants; reforestation involves replanting trees on areas that have been cut or destroyed by fire. 

Asbestos - a naturally occurring soft fibrous mineral commonly used in fireproofing materials and considered to be highly carcinogenic in particulate form. 

Biodiversity - also biological diversity; the relative number of species, diverse in form and function, at the genetic, organism, community, and ecosystem level; loss of biodiversity reduces an ecosystem's ability to recover from natural or man-induced disruption. 

Bio-indicators - a plant or animal species whose presence, abundance, and health reveal the general condition of its habitat.

Biomass - the total weight or volume of living matter in a given area or volume. 

Carbon cycle - the term used to describe the exchange of carbon (in various forms, e.g., as carbon dioxide) between the atmosphere, ocean, terrestrial biosphere, and geological deposits. 

Catchments - assemblages used to capture and retain rainwater and runoff; an important water management technique in areas with limited freshwater resources, such as Gibraltar. 

DDT (dichloro-diphenyl-trichloro-ethane) - a colorless, odorless insecticide that has toxic effects on most animals; the use of DDT was banned in the US in 1972. 

Defoliants - chemicals which cause plants to lose their leaves artificially; often used in agricultural practices for weed control, and may have detrimental impacts on human and ecosystem health.

Deforestation - the destruction of vast areas of forest (e.g., unsustainable forestry practices, agricultural and range land clearing, and the over exploitation of wood products for use as fuel) without planting new growth. 

Desertification - the spread of desert-like conditions in arid or semi-arid areas, due to overgrazing, loss of agriculturally productive soils, or climate change. 

Dredging - the practice of deepening an existing waterway; also, a technique used for collecting bottom-dwelling marine organisms (e.g., shellfish) or harvesting coral, often causing significant destruction of reef and ocean-floor ecosystems. 

Drift-net fishing - done with a net, miles in extent, that is generally anchored to a boat and left to float with the tide; often results in an over harvesting and waste of large populations of non-commercial marine species (by-catch) by its effect of "sweeping the ocean clean". 

Ecosystems - ecological units comprised of complex communities of organisms and their specific environments.

20) How is this passage's information organized?

A) alphabetical order

B) chronological order

C) order of importanceD) problem and solution

Conserving Energy and Preserving the EnvironmentBureau of Transportation Statistics: US D.O.T.

THE ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION

I. Introduction

1 As the United States strives to achieve greater energy efficiency and independence and to improve the environment, the role of transportation has become paramount. America consumes more energy and produces more pollution in mobility and travel than in any other activity. It follows that any serious effort to reduce our dependence on foreign oil and make significant additional progress on the environment must address the way Americans travel. This study examines the role of public transportation in conserving energy and reducing pollution. The data show that traveling by public transportation, per person and per mile, uses significantly less energy and produces substantially less pollution than comparable travel by private vehicles. We find that increasing the role of public transportation can provide the most effective strategy available for reducing energy consumption and improving the environment without imposing new taxes and government regulations on the economy or consumers.

2 Our communities, the economy and much of our lives are organized around our ability to travel easily and efficiently from home to work or school, to shop or play, to receive medical care or just for the sheer pleasure of traveling. (1) This freedom has certain costs that accompany its many benefits. (2) Vehicles, public and private, have to be purchased and operated; (3)roads must be built and maintained; laws must be enforced so many people can travel at the same time; and (4) hundreds of thousands of accidents inevitably occur. 

3 The most fundamental costs of mobility, however, involve the energy required to move people and goods over any distance, and the pollution released as this energy is burned. As shown in Table 1, in 2000 Americans consumed more energy moving from place to place than industry used to produce all of its goods. All forms of transportation also consumed almost four times the energy of all residential uses and more than six times the energy of all commercial uses. Moreover, petroleum products provide virtually all of the fuel used for transportation, while other sectors use more diverse, efficient, and environmentally friendly sources of energy. 

4 Energy and environmental costs are built into all forms of mobility by mechanical means, but personal and political choices can reduce the fuel and pollution "overhead" associated with a given level of mobility. The primary approach for lowering these costs involves developing and using technologies that reduce either the fuel required to move people and goods, or the amount of pollution associated with burning that fuel. The most prominent regulatory strategies developed to advance this approach are the Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) and auto-emission standards for private automobiles. The non-regulatory strategy with the greatest potential for achieving the same results is greater use of public transportation, because on a per-person, per-mile basis, public transportation is much more energy efficient and much less polluting than private automobiles.A Note about Categories and Years 

5 In comparing public and private transportation, we include vehicle travel within metropolitan areas; we do not include trips between metropolitan areas. The category of public transportation used here covers all buses, commuter rail and light and heavy rail within a metropolitan area. The category of private vehicles used here includes passenger cars and "other 2axle 4-tire vehicles," which covers SUV s and light trucks. 

6 In each case, we use the most recent and comprehensive data available. The energy section draws on 1998 data on travel by private and public transportation, because 1998 is the latest year for which data on energy consumption by private vehicles is available (1999 data on energy use by public transportation systems is available). The analysis of public transportation and the environment draws on 1999 data, because that is the most recent data available on pollution emissions by public and private vehicles. 

7 (5)The most recent data show that the current use of public transportation is a major source of energy savings. Moving a person over a given distance by public transportation consumes, on average, about half the energy of moving a person the same distance by private automobile, sports-utility vehicle (SUV), or light truck. 

8 Over the 42.5 billion passenger miles traveled on public transportation in 1998, the energy benefits add up to nearly 107 trillion British thermal units (BTUs). 2 As we will show, these energy benefits are comparable to the energy consumed by various manufacturing industries. These energy savings are also equal to 99 percent of the energy used by the beverage and tobacco industries, and more than four times all the energy used to manufacture apparel. Finally, these energy benefits are equivalent to about one-fourth of the energy used to heat American homes in 1997 (the most recent data).3 

9 Greater use of public transportation can offer a powerful conservation strategy that could substantially reduce our dependence on imported oil. There is no other technology or approach other than increased use of public transportation that, for every trip it is used, has the energy impact of nearly doubling the fuel efficiency of automobiles.

21) Which method does the writer use to support the arguments in this passage?A) anecdotesB) statisticsC) comparisonsD) facts and statistics

Letter of RecommendationMary O'Dell

PLTW ProgramWillow High School1400 Old Tamah RoadIrmo, SC 29067

April 11, 2007

Subject: Letter of Recommendation for Mr. Chris Moses

To Whom It May Concern:

Chris studied under my supervision as a student during his sophomore, junior and senior years at Dutch Fork High School. His responsibilities included designing and constructing both architectural and mechanical models, producing drawings using both computer software and traditional methods, in addition to some teamwork activities. During the course of his studies, Chris proved himself to be an able student, a hard worker, and a talented designer.

I was quite impressed by Chris's ability to complete all work assigned to him on time, if not before it was due. His research was always thorough, and his details always accurate. I sometimes allow my students to do some special projects, but Chris’s talents prompted me to assign him more activities than the norm. He worked diligently on several special projects for special needs students at this school. His drawings and project proposals are always clear and concise.

Overall, Chris is a very conscientious and able person. I certainly believe he has what it takes to make an outstanding engineering student. I strongly recommend Chris for any endeavors that he would pursue.

Sincerely,

Sondra M. Suarez

Instructor: CAD, Principles of Engineering, Civil Engineering and Architecture

22) Who is the speaker of this passage?A) Mary O'DellB) Chris MosesC) Sondra M. Suarez

D) Dutch Fork High School

23)

The automobile pictured in this advertisement from the early 1900s would MOST LIKELY appeal to which type of audience?

A) those who are looking for a car for a large family

B) those who are looking for a car with a large number of working parts

C) those who are looking for a car that is gas-powered rather than electric

D) those who are looking for a car that is electric rather than gas-

powered

24)

Which font has the most COMICAL look?A) CookieB) VirgilC) OlivierD) Crisp Block

25)

What is the MAIN purpose of the sign's graphic style and colors?A) to warnB) to informC) to adviseD) to direct