web viewosho. nature is man's teacher. ... complete the definitions using one word in each gap....

Theme: Natural disasters. Global warming and its consequences.

Objectives:

Educational objective:

to motivate students to study and understand the English language;

Practical objective:

to develop pupils' speaking, reading, listening, and writing skills through various creative activities;

to practice using idioms;

to practice listening and making notes.

to practice comparing data for natural disaster events

to involve the pupils in storytelling;

to practice speaking in dialogues and in monologues;

to form pupils' ability to use their imagination;

Developing objective:

to develop pupils' cognitive and creative skills, their abilities to analyze facts and information.

to develop pupils' skills in listening,

to develop pupils' power to learn and understand;

to develop pupils' quick reaction and ability to select necessary words;

The learners will:

become aware of human need brought about by natural disasters and will compare domestic experiences with parallel events on the other side of the world;

define natural disaster.

identify recent national and international natural disasters.

share personal memories and/or experiences of national and/or international natural disasters.

identify the need for and the variety of human responses to natural disasters.

Equipment: tables, dictionaries, cards for pair work, a poster, extracts from teachers' letters Computer with Internet access (for each small group of students, if possible)

Writing materials

Poster board or chart paper

“Treat the Earth well. It wasn’t given to you by your parents, it was loaned to you by your children.”

Lee Talbot

Procedureof the lesson

1. Main part

I. Good morning, pupils. Today we’llcontinue to speak about the new subject which deals, as you remember, with natural disasters and our environment, we’ll speak about nature and about our relationship with God’s Gift.

It is rather interesting and there are many things to discuss about it.

Nature has long had a profoundly deep and far reaching relationship with man. The relationship is multi-faceted spanning from a spiritual connection to a struggle for power over one another.Man has long struggled and fought to dominate nature to no avail. Man has crippled nature at times, occasionally quite badly, threatening natures existence on many levels. Still nature endures and prevails.Some love and cherish nature, worshiping it for the blessing it is from our Creator. These lovers and keepers of nature have spoken many times, spinning words into eloquent quotes trying to capture the essence of what can't be ruledby man.

Here you will find a collection of these words that I hope bring a little bit to lightthe relationship man has with nature.

Look at the trees, look at the birds, look at the clouds, look at the stars... and if you have eyes you will be able to see that the whole existence is joyful. Everything is simply happy. Trees are happy for no reason; they are not going to become prime ministers or presidents and they are not going to become rich and they will never have any bank balance. Look at the flowers - for no reason. It is simply unbelievable how happy flowers are.

~Osho

Nature is man's teacher. She unfolds her treasures to his search, unseals his eye, illumes his mind, and purifies his heart; an influence breathes from all the sights and sounds of her existence.

~Alfred Billings Street

Earth and sky, woods and fields, lakes and rivers, the mountain and the sea, are excellent schoolmasters, and teach some of us more than

we can ever learn from books.

~John Lubbock

Nature holds the key to our aesthetic, intellectual, cognitive, and even spiritual satisfaction.

Edward O. Wilson

Study nature, love nature, stay close to nature. It will never fail you. Frank Lloyd Wright

(Video clip)

The world is beautiful, everything istightly connected on the Earth. The harmony is the main feature of our life and only if the harmony exists we can live happily. But the situation is not perfect now. Listen to some sayings and tell me what the problem is.

If you look around you, you'll see a really wonderful world. The word environment means simply what is around us. Some people live in a town environment; for others, their environment is the countryside. But the air we breathe, the soil on which we stand and walk, the water we drink are all part of the environment.

But as a result of unrestricted industrialization the biological balance has been broken. Hundreds tons of harmful substances are discharged every year into the air. The pollution is a consequence of poor technology used. With the present-day scientific and technological progress, man's influence is changing the biosphere and it is passing into a new state. The violations of natural processes are different. Man creates new compounds, new substances, pure chemical elements which are unknown to the biosphere. The volume of new synthetic compounds, specifically of polymers, resins, plastics, synthetic materials, chemical fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides, has reached the figure of about million tons. They do not belong to the natural circulation of matter. Many of them disrupt the established mechanisms of the biosphere. That's why the first concern of science is to find effective means of protecting the biosphere from pollutants.

2. S. Reciting of the poemWhat is this life, if full of careWe've no time to stand and stare,No time to see when woods we passWhere squirrels hide their nuts in grass.No time to see in broad daylight .Streams full of stars like skies at night.A poor life this is, full of care,

We've no time to stand and stare

3. T. Let's discuss the questions about changing environment. (students give their own answers and suggestions)

1)Why has the problem of environment protection become so vital lately?

2)What is meant by ecology?

3)Why does it need protection?

4)What causes the pollution and contamination of the environment?

5)Why has the health of people worsened?

6)Why should we take care of our planet?

4. Revision of the new terms

Environment is the land, water and air in which people, animals and plants live.

To pollute – to make air, water, soil, etc dangerously dirty.

Pollution is the process of polluting the place.

To cause means to make something happen.

Destruction is the act or process of destroying something.

Shortage is the situation in which there is not enough of something that is needed.

Dump is a place where unwanted waste is taken and left

To dump means to drop or put something somewhere in a careless way.

Waste means things you no longer want.

Poison is a substance that can kill you or make you sick if you eat it, breathe it, etc.

Nuclear means relating to the central part of an atom.

Weapon is something that you use to fight with.

To survive means to continue to exist.

To endanger means to put someone or something in a dangerous or harmful situation.

5. T: Prove that the Earth is really polluted and it needs a real help. (students give their ideas)

1. The air is polluted.

2. There is not enough clean water on the planet now.

3. The destruction of wildlife is a serious problem.

4. The soil is poisoned with chemicals.

5. The cars pollute the atmosphere and endanger people’s health.

6. The nuclear pollution after Chernobyl catastrophe is still essential.

7. Forests all over the world need protection.

6. Revision of the new vocabulary

An avalanche, flood, famine, tornado, landslide, hailstorms, blizzard, an earthquake, a volcanic eruption, a wildfire, heat wave, hazard, disaster, tsunami, draught, deforestation, overpopulation

Students are given the cards

1. Give a synonym for \'a hurricane\' :

2. What does a hurricane need to get power ?

3. How does a hurricane get heat and energy ?

4. Which factor increases its power ?

5. How is the centre of a hurricane called ?

6. What\'s \'74 miles per hour\' ?

7. Damages are caused to

8. Damages are caused by

9. What are storm surges ?

10. Give a strong advice to people

a) buildings, cars, trees

b) a severe tropical storm

c) the heavy waves

d) through contact with warm ocean waters

e) evaporation from the seawater

f) the speed of the winds that blow during a hurricane

g) the heavy rain, strong winds and heavy waves

h) heat and energy

i) you must stay away from the ocean during a hurricane

j) the 'eye'

7. Complete the definitions using one word in each gap.

1. An event which causes great harm or death — natural _

2. The condition in which there are too many people living in on place

3. A large mass of snow, ice and rock falling down a mountain

4. The cutting down of many trees

5. A large amount of water covering a place which is usually dry

6. A long period of time with no rain

7. A sudden violent movement of the Earth's surface

8. A very violent tropical storm or wind in which air circulates rapidly

9. A sudden large fall of earth and rocks down a cliff or the side of a mountain

8. Let’s turn to our books and check up your home tasks

Match words to make compounds.

1. Heath a) species2. Global b) farming3. Destruction c) eruption4. Endangered d) programme5. Exploitation e) warming6. Greenhouse f) energy7. Volcanic g) effect8. Renewable h) of women9. Modernized i) of habitats

9. Choose the right answer

1) A violent and heavy snowstorm is called a__________________

blizzard

tornado

drought

2) When crops fail and livestock die through lack of water because of no rain, there is a______

drought

riot

tornado

3) The above situation could cause massive starvation through lack of food. This situation is called a__________________

blizzard

explosion

famine

4) When the land violently moves or shakes especially around fault lines, it’s called an______

tsunami

earthquake

explosion

5) When the above situation causes a huge body of seawater to move in towards the shore, it is known as a__________________

tsunami

riot

drought

6) When there is a violent outbreak of lawlessness by people, it’s called a________________

explosion

pollution

riot

7) A loud noise and sometimes huge force created by something like a bomb, is known as an

tsunami

explosion

pollution

8) A violent wind that twists round and round and causes massive destruction, is called a

riot

explosion

tornado

9) Something that makes the air, rivers, or seas dirty, is known as___

pollution

drought

earthquake

10) A mountain where there may be a sudden eruption.___________

volcano

famine

tornado

10. Revision of idioms

a drop in the oceanIf an amount is a drop in the ocean, it is a very small portion of the amount that is needed.a ray of sunshineSomething is a ray of sunshine if it brings happiness to someone.at sea/all at seaIf you are at sea, or all at sea, you are confused about something and not sure what to dobeat around the bush

If you beat around the bush, you don't say something directly, usually because you don't want to upset the person you're talking tocan't see the wood for the treesIf you can't see the wood for the trees, you can't see the whole situation clearly because you're looking too closely at small details, or because you're too closely involved.

make a mountain out of a molehillIf you make a mountain out of a molehill, you make a small problem seem to be a much bigger problem.reach for the moon/reach for the starsIf you reach for the moon, or reach for the stars, you are aiming to achieve something great.under a cloudIf someone is under the cloud, they are suspected of having done something wrong.weather a stormIf you weather a storm, you survive a dangerous event or deal with a difficult situation.

Quiz on the idioms

1. a drop in the ocean

If something is described as being a drop in the ocean, it is

a. a small part of what's needed

b. a huge part of what's needed

c. all that's needed

Начало формы

Конец формы

2. a ray of sunshine

The kids in the hospital had a ray of sunshine in their lives when

a. some famous footballers visited them

b. they were taken to sit outside in the sun

c. the nurses checked their blood pressure



3. at sea | all at sea

Grant felt all at sea because

a. he was sick of his job

b. he was enjoying sailing


a.

Click for answ er

c. it was his first day at universityКонец формы

4. beat around the bush | beat about the bush

It's hard not to beat around the bush when you have to

a. put out a bushfire

b. give someone some good news

c. tell someone some bad news



5. can't see the forest for the trees

Our operations manager can't see the forest for the trees because

a. he doesn't know where to look

b. he's too deep in the forest

c. he's too involved in day-to-day matters



6. go with the flow

I'm trying to go with the flow more and

a. float down the river

b. be more relaxed about things

c. control every aspect of my life



7. make a mountain out of a molehill

I made a mountain out of a molehill when a taxi driver took a slightly longer route to make more money, and I

a. didn't realise until after we'd arrived

b. took his name and reported him to the company


Click for answ er

Click for answ er

Click for answ er

Click for answ er

c. knew what he'd done but didn't say anythingКонец формы

8. reach for the moon | reach for the stars

Ever since she was a teenager Marylin had been reaching for the moon. She had dreams of being

a. an amateur astronomer

b. a famous movie star

c. a farmer's wife



9. weather a storm

If you weather a storm, you get through something that could have

a. helped you

b. excited you

c. harmed you

10. have your head in the clouds

William's head is in the clouds. He needs to

a. take better care of himself

b. be a bit more realistic

c. stop thinking he's better than everyone else



11. Listening of the text “Global warming”

Pre-listening activity

Click for answ er

Click for answ er

Click for answ er

Introduction of new words:

Fluctuate - коливатися

to drive up– збільшувати

fossilfuels – викопні палива

humanactivity – людська діяльність

torelease - випускати

carbondioxide – двоокис вуглецю

greenhouseeffect – парниковий ефект

to absorb - поглинати

to intensify - посилювати

a strain of – низка, ряд

meanwhile – в той час як

toreach - досягати

toshrink - скорочувати

predict - передбачати,

risingsealevel – підняття рівня моря

coastalareas – прибережні зони

species – види (рослин і тварин),

to face extinction – вимирати

impact -вплив

“Global warming” (video)

For 2,5 million years has fluctuated cycling from ice ages to warmer periods but in the last century the earth temperature has risen unusually fast about 1.2 to 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit. Scientists believe that it is human activity that driven the temperatures up and such process is known as global warming. Everything began with the industrial revolution factories, power plants and eventually cars have burnt fossil fuels such as oil and polar releasing huge amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. These green house gases trap heat in the Earth through a naturally occurring process known as greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect begins with the sun and the energy it radiates to the earth. The earth and the atmosphere absorb some of this energy while the rest go back into space. Naturally occurring gas trap some of this energy and reflect it back warming the earth. Scientists now believe that the greenhouse effect is being intensified by the extra greenhouse gases that the human have released.

Evidence of global warming includes a recent strain of very warm years. Scientist record than 1998 was the warmest year in measured history with 2005 coming in second. Meanwhile taken from the ice core show that the greenhouse gases have reached their highest level in the past 4 hundred and two thousand years.

Arctic sea ices are also shrinking. According to Nasa study the extend of arctic sea ice has declined for about 10% for the last 30 years. As long as industrial nations consume energy and developing countries increase their fossil fuel consumption the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will continue to rise.

Researches predict the temperature will increase about 2 to 5 degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the century.

Some climate models predict certain changes, other forecast rising sea level which can flood coastal areas round the world. Weather patterns could change, making hurricanes more frequent. Severe drought could become more calm in a warm areas and species unable to adapt to changing conditions would face extinction.

Although much remains to be learned about global warming many organisations advocate cutting greenhouse gases machine to reduce the impact of global warming.

Consumers can help by saving energy about the house.....

Choose the right answer

1) How many degrees is the temperature of the planet rising unusually fast?about 1.2 to 1.4 degrees Celsiusabout 1.2 to 1.5 degrees Fahrenheitabout 1.2 to 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit

2) Scientists believe it's human activity that's driving the temperature up,a process known as

global gatheringglobal crossingglobal warming

3)What do factories and cars release into the atmosphereoil, polar and other gasescarbon monoxide and other gasescarbon dioxide and other gases

4) The green house effect begins with ... the sun and the energy absorbed from the earth the sun and the energy radiated to the earth the sun and the energy converted by the earth

5) What do scientists believe about the green house effect? the green house effect is being less intensified by the gases that

humans have released the green house effect is not being intensified by the gases that humans have released the green house effect is being intensified by the gases that humans have released 6) Scientists record that 1998 was the warmest year in measured history ...

2004 coming in second 2005 coming in second

2006 coming in second 7) What does the Nasa study claim?

the extent of the Arctic sea ice has declined about 10% in the last 40 years



8) Researchers claim that earth's temperature will increase ...

about 2 to 5 degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the centuryabout 2 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the centuryabout 2 to 10 degrees Celsius by the end of the century

9) How can consumers help to reduce the impact of global warming?by saving energy and switching to normal light bulbby wasting energy and switching to energy light saving bulbs

by saving energy and switching to energy light saving bulbs

T:I hope that after having heard this text with video you became more oriented in the situation occurring with our planet.

T: Let’s continue our talk on the issue about environment.

Ecological SystemsClimate change may alter the world's habitats and ecosystems - all living

things are included in and rely on these places. Many of these places depend on a delicate balance of rainfall, temperature, and soil type. A rapid change in climate could upset this balance and seriously endanger many living things.

Most past climate changes occurred slowly, allowing plants and animals to adapt to the new environment or move somewhere else. However, if future climate changes occur as rapidly as some scientists predict, plants and animals may not be able to react quickly enough to survive. The ocean's ecosystems also could be affected for the same reasons.

Find the right answer. (I’ll read, S have mixed answers and choose the right one)

1. What's the word to describe when the temperatures increase everywhere ?

2. What happens in the north when the temperatures increase ?

3. What is responsible for the global warming ?

4. What will happen if the ice melt ?

5. And what will be the consequences of the increase of sea level ?

6. What can we make now ?

7. If the greenhouse effects gaz decrease the temperatures will increase or decrease ?

1. Global Warming

2. The melting of Artic ice

3. Greenhouse effects gaz

4. Sea level will increase

5. Many countries will be flooded

6. Stop pollution

7. Decrease

T: Global warming may make the sea level become higher. Why?S: Well, warmer weather makes glaciers melt. A glacier is a large sheet of ice

that moves very, very slowly. Some melting glaciers add more water to the ocean. Warmer temperatures also make water expand. When water expands in the ocean, it takes up more space and the level of the sea rises.

This will affect both natural systems and manmade structures along coastlines. Coastal flooding could cause saltwater to flow into areas where salt is harmful, threatening plants and animals in those areas. For example, an increase in the salt content of the Delaware and Chesapeake bays is thought to have decreased the number of oysters able to live in those waters.

Crops and Food SupplyGlobal warming may make the Earth warmer in cold places. People living in

these places may have a chance to grow crops in new areas. But global warming also might bring droughts to other places where we grow crops. In some parts of the world, people may not have enough to eat because they cannot grow the food that they need.

12. PRE-READING

1. Acid rain, greenhouse effect, damage, to be contaminated (забруднений, заражений), disaster, species, to be threatened, extinct.

2. Read the title of the article. What do you think the article is going to be about?

Work on the text

The Burning Problem

Nowadays every schoolgirl or schoolboy knows what acid rain and greenhouse effect mean. In Ukraine, like everywhere in the world, people have done things that have badly ____________(damage) the nature. As a result, today it's______________(danger) to eat fish that was ______________(catch) in the river or mushrooms that were picked in the woods because they may be contaminated. The Chernobyl disaster, which happened in 1986, remains one of the most tragic "unnatural" catastrophes.

Ecologists list 150 species that disappeared from our planet in the past three ______(century). It is too late to do something about those 150 species, but we could do something about 240 species that are______ (threaten) now. Not only animals but many plants become extinct. The_____(situate) is most serious on islands where species found nowhere in the world exist. In Hawaiin islands 95 per cent of the plants are unique. And it is possible to spend a vocation in Hawaii without ever seeing a native plant. Does it matter that whole species disappear? It does! The richly varied flora and fauna of our planet is_______(beauty) and we want to preserve it that way. There are also practical reasons for______(protect)the nature.

Plants often have unique medical and other properties. Animals still have much to teach us. Scientists and ecologists in many countries are working on____________(solute) of the ecological problems.

READING

1. Read the article quickly. Then put the following heading that summarize each paragraph in the correct order.

a) The aim of scientists

b) The disaster of our country

c) Flora and fauna become extinct

2. Read the article again and decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F).

a) Everybody knows what acid rain and greenhouse mean.

b) People have done a lot to destroy nature.

c) The Chernobyl disaster happened in 1989.

d) There are about 240 species that are disappearing.

e) The situation is not very serious on islands.

f) Pants and animals give a lot to people to live on our planet.

g) Nothing is done to protect our nature.

3. Give short answers.

a) Is environmental pollution the most burning problem of our time?

b) Are mushrooms and fish contaminated?

c) Was Chernobyl disaster "natural" or "unnatural" catastrophe?

d) About 150 species are disappearing, aren't they?

e) Where is the most serious situation?

f) How many plants in Hawaiian island are unique?

g) What specialists are working on the solution of the ecological problem?

12. Answer the question.

1)What are the most actual problems of the 20th century?

2)When is World Environment Day marked?

3)What is Article 67 of Ukrainian Constitution devoted to?

4)What is the aim of adopting new laws and resolutions?

5)What does the nature provide people with?

6)What's necessary for the successful nature protection? Add your ideas.

13. T. So, it’s high time to invite our guests who arrived at the conference o ecologic problems

Welcome to the conference

T:we should clearly understand that the world is not only beautiful, but also everything is connected on the Earth. The harmony is the main feature of our life and only if the harmony exists we can live happily. But the situation is not perfect now.

T. Today we invite you to our conference.It will be devoted to problems of environmental protection. We all know that our planet is in danger. And the first task of modern people is to save the planet from pollution, contamination and destruction. At the conference our students won't be just students, but ecologists, doctors, managers of big enterprises. They will discuss such burning problems as air and water pollution, consequences of the accident in Chernobyl, health problems and others. So, ladies and gentleman! Welcome to our conference! Слово ведучих.Girl: Really, a poor life this is if we live outside of natural world. Yet, we are constantly destroying our home. And speaking about our smaller brothers, such words as neglection and destruction can’t be used.

1. Робота з відеокліпом Майкла Джексона “TheEarthSong” :

Shed – проливати

Weeping – що проливають сльози, ридають

Pledge – обіцянка

Toglance – швидко глянути, кинути оком

Drifted – повільно плести, дрейфувати

Heavens – небеса

Bleeding – скривавлені

Planet’swomb – лоно планети

Ravaging – спустошення, знищення

Foresttrails – лісові тропи

Despite – злість

Holyland – святаземля

Creed – переконання

A damn – прокляття

а) Watch the video of Michael Jackson “The Earth song” and be ready to answer the question.

The “Earth song” music video was made shot on four continents, all of which are in some form of distress created by men and his technology. Locations include:

The Amazon Rainforest:

A large part of this forest, as sing in this video no longer exists. It was totally destroyed within a week of this video shoot. The people featured here are native to the region and are not professional actors.

Croatia

The scenes were shot in the war zone with residents of the area.

Tanzania

This footage includes Masai in their own village. No animals were harmed in any way during the making of this music video. Shock footage of the actual inhumane treatment of animals was acquired from documents archives. It should be noted that while filming was in progress an Africa elephant (not pictured in the video) was killed by poachers within miles of the shoot.

New York

The forest fire scenes were created on a six acre outdoor set in a corn field in Warwick, New York. The shooting of the footage occurred within the same week as thousands of acres of forest on Long Island and New Jersey were destroyed due to arson.

Watching the video

- What problems did the singer pay attention to?

Who is Michael Jackson?

Discussion

What is this video about?

What problems did the singer pay attention to?

Boy: Well, ladiesandgentlemen! As we are going to discuss the most burning problems of nowadays I think it's high time to invite an ecologist here.1. Some facts from the point of view of ecologists.Ні! І am John Brown. I am an ecologist. I have been working in this sphere for 10 years already and I know all its burning problems. Now, I'll give you some interesting facts: By the year 2030 25% of all animals, birds, fish and insects may be extinct. A horrible fact, isn't it? What are the main reasons for it?2. The report about the ecological situation of the planet.

Becauseofmodernlifestylestheproblemofenvironmental protection is very crucial. Man has polluted and destroyed nature so much that now, at the beginning of the 21st сentury, weneed to change our attitude to the planet.

Scientific and technological progress, industrial development and activities in outer space have caused a negative effect on the environment. Air, water, soil, fauna and flora, that are vital sources of life, have been polluted. The nature now is not able to clean itself from wastes of industries and have become exhausted. Here are only some of the problems:

the ozone layer : a layer of gases which stop harmful radiation from the sun reaching the earth; now it contains holes;

global warming: an increase in the world temperature caused by an increase in carbon dioxide;

acid rain : rain that contains dangerous chemicals: this is caused by smoke from factories.

It is often said that we live in a consumer society. We consider it important to buy products and services. Companies, just as we, the consumers, need to be aware of the impact of this on the environment. Business owners and managers today must do more than just provide a worthwhile product or service at a reasonable price in order to make profit and stay in business.They must accept some social responsibilities, among which is the environmental protection. Now many firms make efforts to avoid polluting the air, the water, or the natural beauty of the countryside. Many companies use packaging (boxes, bottles, etc.) which has been recycled (made from used old materials). Some use trains instead of road transport to reduce the airpollution. Helping to keep a clean environment is an important part of business planning today.

Слово ведучих .

Before they allow a new business to locate in their area, many environmentally aware communities require the firm to show that its operation will not cause pollution.

Well, the word "pollution" has just been mentioned. And what is pollution?

The dialogue “How to stop the environmental pollution”

Ben: - Hi, Dick. What are you doing?

Dick: - Hi, Ben. I'm preparing my exam on ecology.

B: -Are you ready? Well, if you want I ask you some questions.

D: - Yes, surely. It will be great. You would help me in such a way.

B: -OK. Let's start. What is pollution?

D: -There are many types of pollution happening today. For example, pollution from sewage and drainage into rivers and oceans, oil and air pollution. Finally, deforestation and industry development.

B: -Good, could you explain to me what is air pollution in detail? -

D: -When you go to big cities you can see the layer of brown clouds. Air pollution has very negative effects on our atmosphere. There is a hole in our ozone due to pollution in the air. If this hole gets bigger we won't be as protected from the sunlight and its heat.

B: - Cool! And how does pollution affect rivers, oceans and our ecosystem?

D: - Well, our rivers, lakes and oceans are affected by pollution in many ways. The organisms that live in these places are often harmed by pollution.

B: - Tell me, please, how water can be polluted?

D: - The water can be polluted by chemical and product leaks, which may cause the animals that live in the water to get ill.

B: -What are people doing to stop or control pollution?

D:- The government has passed a couple of pollution prevention acts. Basically, these acts say pollution should be prevented.

B: - And whenever pollution can't be prevented, what should we do?

D:- In this case things should be recycled in a safe manner. Many people study the effects of pollution to reduce environmental pollution. There is continued need for people to work on controlling pollution.

B:- Thanks, Dick. I think you are ready to pass your exam.

AnnouncerSpeaking about the air we breathe, we also need a specialist, and I want to invite here the manager of a big industrial enterprise. Іt's a big chemical plant. Well, we have got an idea of how acid rains form. We clearly understand that they are the fault of large factories and plants production. Lеt's once more enumerate the steps of the formation of acid rains.

Acid Rain

Up in the sky. When we look up, we see clouds and the blue sky. But there are other things in the sky that we don’t see. Some of these are harmful to the Earth.What happens. When power plants burn coal to make electricity, and when cars burn gasoline, invisible gases are released into the air. Some of these gases can mix rain or snow and make it acidic, like lemon juice or vinegar. This is called acid rain.Bad news. Acid rain is extremely harmful to plants, rivers and lakes, and the creatures that live in them. In some places it is killing forests. And it pollutes the water that animals and people need to drink.Our mission. It is very important for us to stop making acid rain. One good way is to drive our cars less. Another good way is to save energy. The less energy we use, the less fuel these power plants have to burn. Industrial countries should control their level of pollution. This is already happening in some parts of Europe. There are several countries (‘The 30% Club’) which have cut their acid rain pollution by 30%.

Announcer: Chernobyl

Town in northern Ukraine; site of a nuclear power station. In April 1986 two huge explosions destroyed a central reactor,breaching the 1000-tonne roof. In the immediate vicinity of Chernobyl, 31 people died (all firemen or workers at the plant) and 135000 were permanently evacuated. It has been estimated that there will be an additional 20—40 000 deaths from cancer in the following 60 years 600000 are officially classified as at risk.

The radioactive contamination was in Chornobyl' in 1986. It spread to many parts of Ukraine and other countries, such as Belarus and Russian Federation. 12 regions of 25 were contaminated with harmful substances.

. Chernobyl accident, its consequences and lessons

The 26th of April is a special day for the people living in Ukraine and regions situated far from it. On that day in 1986 a horrible accident occured at the Chernobyl nuclear power station. There was a nuclear reactor explosion which had far reaching consequences. This explosion resulted in hazardous nuclear contamination of air, soil, water.

Thanks to urgent and brave actions of firemen, guided by captain Telyatnikov, the fire was stopped.

The population of fallout regions, namely, Chernobyl itself, the Pripyat region was evacuated. Many foreign scientists, especially professor Geil from the USA,

informed the former USSR government about their readiness to help the people whose health was severely damaged.

A number of foreign countries offered specialized medical equipment and drugs for biological elimination of isotopes of different chemical elements from human body. Later on thousands of children were taken abroad for corresponding medical treatment.

Such accidents like that in Chernobyl, must never be repeated again, because the very existence of millions of people may be under a threat. The safe maintenance of nuclear power stations depends on proper work and sufficient technical knowledge of every worker and engineer.

The Ukrainian people are very grateful to all those who helped and continue to help them. This accident will never be forgotten.

Announcer: I want you to relax for some minutes. Listen to these sounds. Записзвуківокеанськогоприбою, крикучайок. Слайд-шоу морських пейзажів.

Announcer: Are these sounds familiar to you? Of course, these are the sounds of the ocean, the great, significant ocean!Announcer: Some specialists on the problems of the ocean are present at our conference. Let's invite one of them with a report.

Water pollutionThe planet Earth is mostly water. Oceans cover the biggest part of it – there are lakes, rivers, streams and even underground water. All forms of life on the Earth cannot exist without water. It is precious. Are we doing a good job on keeping it clean? In many places water has become polluted. Rivers and lakes become polluted by garbage or bumped poisonous chemicals. Underground water can be polluted by gasoline, harmful liquids, some fertilizers and pesticides. These leak down through the ground.Seas and oceans have become a dumping place for garbage and poisonous chemicals. They have become so polluted from oil spills and factory wastes that the fish are dying and other living resources of the sea are coming to an end. This subsequently affects people who depend on sea food. Nature reserves of pure water are decreasing. We must save our water, keep it clean so that people, plants, animals and fish will always have a life source.We must do our best to protect seas, rivers and lakes from further pollution.Announcer

Girl: Ladies and gentlemen! As you know, human beings have two environments. One is the outside world. And the other is their own bodies we have already spoken about and the influence of the outside world on us.Girl: Every conference usually ends with a document. We’ve worked out a document of our conference. Іt is "A Declaration of Interdependence". The Declaration of Interdependence1) Factory owners and businessmen managing enterprises harmful for environment first of all must provide powerful filters to reduce smoke, dust and dangerous gases to make air cleaner.2) Special kinds of fuel for cars and more efficient engines can help to decrease air pollution.3) We must do our best to protect seas, rivers and lakes from further pollution.4) Our factories and plants have to stop throwing wastes of their processes into the water.5) Waste-free technologies must be developed and used in the production process.6) Stop making acid rain.7) Drive cars less, walk instead of driving.

The earth is our home

Today the contradictions between man and nature are acquiring a dramatic character. Every year world industry pol¬lutes the atmosphere with about 1.000 million tons of dust and other harmful substances. People of many cities suffer from smog. Forests are disappearing and this upsets the oxygen balance. The pollution of the air, of the world's oceans, seas, rivers and lakes, and the destruction of the ozone layer could lead our planet to a global catastrophe. That is why serious measures to protect the environment should be undertaken.As many as 159 countries — members of the United Nations Organization — have set up environmental protection agencies. They have worked out hundreds of projects to protect nature.A global strategy of nature protection has been worked out by a number of international organizations. One of its fundamental provisions is the transfer of industry to low- and non-waste technologies. In our country more attention has been given to the problems of ecology. The State Committee for Environmental Control has been established. The role of Ukraine in the solution of ecological problems has greatly increased.

Conclusions

T: In conclusion, I must say that many scientists and world leaders realise that the Earth is in danger. There is only one way out of this trouble:

either we stop killing the Earth or we kill ourselves. We should think about future generations. I would like to finish the lesson with the great song, it is a masterpiece of the famous British group "The Beatles" — "Imagine" by John Lennon who is announced the man of a century in Great Britain.

T: I hope that you - our builders of future life -will become thoughtful about the relations between people and nature. I hope that you understand that the problem of pollution hasn't any borders and we have to protect nature in all the countries, in the whole world.

Our lesson is coming to its finish and I want to thank everybody who took part in our work. Our work was great and we'll continue it in our next lessons. Your home-task is to do the projects on ecology.

To sum up their discussion the pupils read the words from the screen:

We wish you always:

Air to breathe,

Fire to warm you,

Water to drink and

the Earth to live in.

We wish this to you from my heart'

which can be regarded as the message to the coming generations.

web viewosho. nature is man's teacher. ... complete the definitions using one word in each gap....

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