web viewchapter 5.1: acids, bases, and ph scale. ph scale: number scale for measuring _____ _____
TRANSCRIPT
Science 10Mrs. Knowles
Chapter 5.1: Acids, bases, and pH scale
pH scale:
Number scale for measuring ______________________________ __________________________________________________.
**no units
Acids: have a pH _________________________________Most acidic=
Examples:
Science 10Mrs. Knowles
Bases: have a pH _________________________________Most basic=
Examples:
Neutral substances have a pH of ________
Example
**Each number on the pH scale equals a ___________________ change in acidity / basicity
Example: If the pH changes from 1 to 2, this represents a _______ times change in degree of acidity/basicity.
If the pH changes from 14 to 10, this represents a ______ times change in the degree of acidity/basicity.
pH indicators: chemicals that change color depending on the ____ of the solution they are in.
Science 10Mrs. Knowles
1) Methyl orange Color change happens at __________ pH Color changes from _____________ to _____________
as color increases
2) Methyl red Color change happens at __________ pH Color changes from _____________ to _____________
as color increases
3) Bromthymol blue Color change happens at __________ pH Color changes from _____________ to _____________
as color increases
4) Litmus paper: Color change happens at __________ pH Color changes from _____________ to _____________
as color increases
5) Phenolphthalein: Color change happens at __________ pH Color changes from _____________ to _____________
as color increases
6) Indigo carmine Color change happens at __________ pH
Science 10Mrs. Knowles
Color changes from _____________ to _____________ as color increases
**Reading check page 225**
Acids
From a chemical formula, how can you tell that something is an acid?
Often have an ________ added on to one side of the chemical formula.
They are ionic compounds where the cation is always _______.
When dissolved in water, acids produce _________.
Ex.
Cl
CH3COO
Naming acids:
1) If there is no oxygen in the anion (negatively charged ion)Add prefix hyrdo- and suffix -ic to the anion
Ex. HCl chlorine
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HCN cyanide
2) If there is oxygen in the anion
Case A: Polyatomic anion ends with -ate
= change to -ic
Case B: Polyatomic anion ends with –ite
=change to -ous
Examples:
HNO3
HNO2
**reading check: page 227: 1, 3, 4, 5
Science 10Mrs. Knowles
Bases
How can you tell something is a base by its chemical formula?
**Because ______ is written on the right side of the formula
Examples:
Production of Ions:
Acids produce ______ ions in water
Bases produce ______ ions in water
pH actually measures the amount of ______
-high concentration of H+ =
-low concentration of H+ =
Science 10Mrs. Knowles
Neutralization:
**Page 233: 4, 6, 7, 8, 13, 14
Science 10Mrs. Knowles
Science 10Mrs. Knowles
Science 10Mrs. Knowles
Science 10Mrs. Knowles