Multiplication and Division

Multiplication and DivisionWhether using mental methods, jottings, a formal written method or a calculator, children must be able to estimate, approximate, interpret answers and check for reasonableness.

1. Use concrete objects, pictorial representations and arrays.

I have two cakes on three plates. How many cakes do I have altogether? Three people share 6 cakes. How many cakes do they have each?

2. Use mental methods, objects, arrays, jottings to support mental methods, repeated addition and multiplication and division facts.

0 5 10 15

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0 5 10 15

3 x 5 = 15 (3 lots of 5 is 15)5 x 3 = 15 15 ÷ 3 = 5 15 ÷ 5 = 3

Multiplication and Division3. Use mental methods of calculation, jottings to support mental methods and progressing to formal written method.

Grid Method

4. Use mental methods of calculation, jottings to support mental methods and formal method.

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Multiplication and Division5. Use mental methods of calculation, jottings to support mental methods and formal methods.

Formal methods of multiplication Short Multiplication Long Multiplication

Jottings to support mental methods of division

Short Division

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Division using chunking (multiples of the divisor)96 ¸ 6 = I know that 10 lots of 6 are 60 10 x 6 = 60I know that 6 lots of 6 are 36 6 x 6 = 36 16 x 6 = 96 96 ¸ 6 = 16

0 60 96 10 x 6 = 60 6 x 6 = 36

Multiplication and Division6. Use mental methods of calculation, jottings to support mental methods and formal methods.

Long Division

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432 ÷ 15 becomes

Answer: 28 remainder 12Whole number remainder

Remainder as a fraction

432 ÷ 15 is 28r 12

Remainder as decimal

Answer: 28.8

Multiplication and Division

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