Name: Student #:

Date: HR:

Write the letters corresponding to the regions below on their location on the map above:

A. Egypt B. Gaul C. Spain D. Italian Peninsula E. Asia MinorF. Mesopotamia G. GreeceH. North Africa I. Britain

Lesson Information

Title: Ancient Rome Amazing Race

Objective: I can complete the Amazing Race Review with my group members before any other group.

Guiding Question: Why is ancient Rome significant?

Agenda:

1) BrainPop Video and Quiz (https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/ancientcultures/paxromana/quiz/)2) Amazing RaceInfluence of Geography

1) Which of the following describes how geography influenced the development of the Roman civilization?

a. Rome was on an island and became expert sailors.b. Rome was on a peninsula an expanded by land and sea.c. Rome was located in a desert and had trouble expanding.d. Rome was located in an isolated mountain chain.

2) Which sea allowed the Roman Republic to expand rapidly?a. Caspian Seab. Mediterranean Seac. Black Sead. South China Sea

Geography played a major part in the location of Rome. The site chosen for Rome was about 15 miles up the Tiber (TY buhr) River from the Mediterranean Sea. The Tiber River gave the Romans a source of water and a way to the rest of the Mediterranean Sea. At the same time, Rome was far enough from the sea to escape raids by pirates.

In addition, Rome was built on seven hills. The Romans did this on purpose. The hills were very steep, making it easy to defend the city against enemy attack. Rome was located at a place where people could easily cross the Tiber River. As a result, Rome became a stopped place for people travelling north and south in western Italy and for merchant ships sailing in the western Mediterranean.

3) Rome was located on the ____________________ River.

4) Which of the following isn’t true regarding the location of Rome?a. It was not close enough to the sea to be subject to pirate raids.b. It had access to a water source that doubled as a trade route.

c. It had the defensive advantage of being built on seven hills

d. The people of Roman were geographically isolated from each other.

5) On the map to the left, circle the location of where the Roman Republic originally started.

6) On the map to the left, draw a box of the Eastern Roman Empire.

Roman Republic

1) How did the Roman government make sure citizens were aware of their laws?

a. They posted their laws, the Twelve Tables, in the public Forum.b. Only the patricians had access to the Roman laws.c. The Romans never had a written law code.d. The Roman citizens were not interested in Roman law.

2) Which social class had the most power in the Roman Republic?a. slavesb. foreignersc. plebeiansd. patricians

3) Why was Cincinnatus significant? a. He was a Roman dictator who immediately gave up power after

doing his civic duty.b. He was the first dictator to become the emperor of the Roman

Republic.c. He was a famous poet who wrote the Illiad and the Odyssey.d. He was an insane emperor who outlawed Christianity and tried to kill

his mother.

4) What was a consul in the Roman Republic?a. One of two patricians elected yearly into power.b. One senator who took complete power temporarily.c. A legislative body for plebeians.d. None of the above

5) How would you describe the government of the Roman Republic?a. Citizens voted on every major decision for the government.b. Citizens voted for representatives to make decisions in senate.c. Citizens had no say in the government of Rome.d. All people had equal rights in the Roman Republic.

6) Circle the patrician couple on the image to the left.

One of Rome’s chief gifts to the world was its system of law. The legal system of the United States owes much to the Roman legal system.

Rome’s first code of laws was the Twelve Tables, adopted about 451 BCE. Before this time, Rome’s laws were not written down. As a result, plebeians claimed that patrician judges often favored their own class. They demanded that the laws be put in writing for everyone to see.

The patricians finally agreed. They had the laws carved on bronze tablets that were placed in Rome’s marketplace, or the Forum (FOHR uhm). The Twelve Tables became the basis for all future Roman laws. They established the principle that all free citizens had the right to be treated equally by the legal system.

The Twelve Tables, however, applied only to Roman citizens. As the Romans took over more lands, they realized that new rules were needed to solve legal disputes between citizens and noncitizens. They created a collection of laws called the Law of Nations. It stated principles of justice that applied to all people everywhere.

8) The Roman legal system has heavily influenced the legal system in the ______________________________________________________________.

7) Which of the following is true regarding the Twelve Tables of Roman Law?

a. It was adopted around 451 CEb. It was the first time Roman law was written

downc. It was heavily influenced by Confucianismd. all of the above

Expansion of the Republic

1) Why is Hannibal significant?a. He was a Carthaginian general in the

Second Punic War.b. He led an army of elephants through the Alps and into Italy.c. He was defeated and fled the Roman Republic.d. All of the above

2) Which of the following describes the series of wars between Rome and Carthage?

a. Judeo-Roman Warsb. Gallic Warsc. Punic Warsd. Phyyric Wars

Julius Caesar

1) Which of the following isn’t true about Cleopatra?

a. She was an Egyptian queen

b. She was had children with Caesar and Pompey

c. She was the last pharaoh of Egypt

d. She ultimately took her own life

2) Why was Julius Caesar assassinated?a. Senators feared he had too much

power with the people.b. Brutus personally hated Caesar.c. The King of Gaul had his revenge.d. Julius Caesar was never assassinated

Augustus Caesar

1) Which of the following isn’t true regarding Augustus Caesar?

a. He created the Julian calendar we use today

b. He defeated Mark Antony in a civil warc. He was the first emperor of Romed. He allowed the Senate some powers

2) Both Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar played major roles in transforming Rome from a __________________ into an _______________________.

a. empire; republicb. republic; kingdomc. kingdom; empired. republic; empire

Octavian could have made himself dictator for life, like Julius Caesar did. He knew, though, that many people favored a republican form of government. One such person was Cicero (SIH suh ROH), a political leader, writer, and Rome’s greatest public speaker. Cicero had argued against dictators and called for a representative government with limited powers.

Cicero’s speeches and books swayed many Romans. Centuries later, his ideas would also influence the writers of the United States Constitution.

Although Cicero did not live to see Octavian rule, he had supported him, hoping he would restore the republic. In 27 BCE, Octavian announced that he was doing just that.

He knew the Senate wanted this form of government. However, Octavian also knew that the republic had been too weak to solve Rome’s problems. Although he gave some power to the Senate, he really put himself in charge. His title, imperator, translates to “commander in chief,” but it came to mean “emperor.” Octavian also took the title of Augustus (aw GUHS tuhs) – “the revered or majestic one.” From this point on, he was known by this name.

3) Based on the text above and your knowledge of ancient history, which of the following statements is the most true?

a. Augustus took on the name Octavian and became Rome’s first emperor

b. Octavian restored the Roman Republic to its former gloryc. Octavian took on the name Augustus and put himself in charged. Augustus was elected commander in chief by the citizens

Pax Romana

1) What was the Pax Romana?a. A period of Roman history in which 22 emperors ruled in 12 years.b. A period of civil unrest and warfare in Roman history.c. A period of invasions and inflation in Roman history.d. A period of peace and prosperity in Roman history.

2) Which Roman emperor started the Pax Romana?

a. Julius Caesarb. Romulus Augustulusc. Augustus Caesard. Marcus MaximusLater emperors continued to conquer

new territory for Rome. The empire reached its largest size under Trajan. It spread well beyond the Mediterranean, including Britain in the north and part of Mesopotamia in the east.

Trajan’s successors, however, realized that the empire had grown too big to rule effectively. Hadrian began to pull back. He removed troops from most of Mesopotamia. In Europe, he set the empire’s northern boundaries at the Rhine River and Danube River. He also built Hadrian’s Wall across northern Britain to keep out the Picts and the Scots – two

warlike people who lived in northern Britain.

In the 100’s CE, the Roman Empire was one of the greatest empires in history. It included about 3.5 million square miles. Its people spoke different languages – mostly Latin in the west and Greek in the east. They also practiced different local customs. What unified the empire, though, were Roman law, Roman rule, and a shared identity as Romans.

Roman culture had been carried into every province by the soldiers who protected the empire and by the officials sent to govern. The Romans were generous in granting citizenship. In 212 CE every free person was made a Roman

citizen.

11) Under which emperor did the Roman Empire control the most territory?

a. Nero b. Vespasian c. Trajan d. Hadrian

12) Hadrian constructed a ______________________ in Britain and pulled troops out of _____________________ in an effort to reduce the size of the empire.

13) Based on the text above and your knowledge of world history, which of the following is true regarding the Roman Empire under the “good emperors?”

a. Emperors abused their power and murdered indiscriminately b. Rome conquered the Carthaginian Empire and gained more landc. All decisions were once again made by the Roman Senated. Citizenship was extended and Roman law kept order

Fall of Rome

1) Which Roman Emperor converted to Christianity and founded the city of Constantinople?

a. Hadrianb. Constantinec. Augustusd. Diocletian

2) Why did Rome start to decline after the Pax Romana?a. Germanic tribes began invading the empire.b. Corrupt officials took bribes.c. The value of Roman coins went down.d. All of the above

Legacy of Rome

1) How has the Roman invention of the aqueduct impacted our world today?

a. Our interstate highway system was based off this invention.b. Our modern sporting arenas are based off of this invention.c. Our plumping and water systems are based off of this invention.d. All of the above

2) Which language, spoken during the Roman Empire, has had a profound impact on Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, and French?

a. Latinb. Greekc. Englishd. Romanian

3) How did the use of roads benefit the Roman Empire?a. It allowed for better trade

b. Transportation was fasterc. It decreased inflationd. It assisted the Roman army