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WORKING GROUP "NATURAL STONES AND WEATHERING" Photo atlas of weathering forms on stone monuments Reference: FITZNER, B.& HEINRICHS, K. (2004): Photo atlas of weathering forms on stone monuments. http://www.stone.rwth-aachen.de Group 1 - Loss of stone material Weathering form: Back weathering due to loss of scales (sW) Stone type: Sandstone Location: Monastery, Birkenfeld / Germany Scale: Width of the image: 45 cm

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Page 1: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

WORKING GROUP "NATURAL STONES AND WEATHERING"

Photo atlas of weathering forms on stone monuments

Reference:FITZNER, B.& HEINRICHS, K. (2004): Photo atlas of weathering forms on stone monuments.http://www.stone.rwth-aachen.de

Group 1 - Loss of stone material

Weathering form:

Back weathering due to loss of scales (sW)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location: Monastery, Birkenfeld / Germany

Scale: Width of the image: 45 cm

Weathering form:

Back weathering due to loss of scales (sW)

Stone type: Limestone

Location: Masonry, Cairo / Egypt

Page 2: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Scale:Width of the dimension stone: appr. 70 cm

Weathering form:

Back weathering due to loss of scales (sW)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location:Khazne / Treasury, Petra / Jordan

Scale:Width of the dimension stone: appr. 75 cm

Weathering form:

Back weathering due to loss of crumbs / splinters (uW)

Stone type: Tuff

Location:Minster, Neuss / Germany

Scale:Width of the image: appr. 80 cm

Page 3: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Weathering form:

Back weathering due to loss of crumbs / splinters (uW)

Stone type: Limestone

Location:Castle, Bad Kösen / Germany

Scale:Height of the image: appr. 60 cm

Weathering form:

Back weathering due to loss of stone layers dependent on stone structure (xW)

Stone type: Greywacke

Location:

St. Lambertus Church, Monschau-Kalterherberg / Germany

Scale:Width of the image: appr. 30 cm

Weathering form:

Back weathering due to loss of stone layers dependent on stone structure (xW)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location: Stela, Nemrut Dag / Turkey

Scale: Height of the stela: appr. 2.2 m

Page 4: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Weathering form:

Back weathering due to loss of crusts (cW)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location:St. Georg Church, Dinkelsbühl / Germany

Scale: Width of the image: appr. 30 cm

Weathering form:

Back weathering due to loss of crusts (cW)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location: Castle, Hannover / Germany

Page 5: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Scale:Height of the image: appr. 40 cm

Weathering form:

Back weathering due to loss of undefinable stone aggregates / pieces (zW)

Stone type: Limestone

Location: Wall, Malta

Scale:Width of the dimension stone: appr. 55 cm

Weathering form:

Rounding / notching (Ro)

Stone type: Limestone

Location:Wall, Cairo / Egypt

Scale:Width of the dimension stones: appr. 20 cm

Page 6: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Weathering form:

Rounding / notching (Ro)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location:St. Johannes Church, Weinsberg / Germany

Scale:Width of the grave stone: appr. 60 cm

Weathering form:

Alveolar weathering (Ra)

Stone type: Limestone

Location:Citadel, Victoria - Gozo / Malta

Scale:Width of the dimension stone: appr. 30 cm

Weathering form:

Alveolar weathering (Ra)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location:Castle, Zwingenberg / Germany

Scale: Width of the image: appr. 50 cm

Page 7: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Weathering form: Alveolar weathering (Ra)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location: Palace Tomb, Petra / Jordan

Scale: Height of the image: appr. 1 m

Weathering form:

Weathering out dependent on stone structure (tR)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location:St. Stephan Chapel, Ergersheim / Germany

Scale:Height of the image: appr. 50 cm

Page 8: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Weathering form:

Weathering out dependent on stone structure (tR)

Stone type: Limestone

Location:Cathedral, Naumburg / Germany

Scale:Height of the image: appr. 60 cm

Weathering form:

Weathering out of stone components (Rk)

Stone type: Limestone

Location:Cathedral, Malaga / Spain

Scale:Height of the image: appr. 25 cm

Weathering form:

Weathering out of stone components (Rk)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location:Castle, Zwingenberg / Germany

Scale:Width of the image: appr. 50 cm

Page 9: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Weathering form:

Weathering out of stone components (Rk)

Stone type: Limestone

Location: Monastery, Dafni / Greece

Scale: Width of the image: appr. 25 cm

Weathering form:

Clearing out of stone components (Rh)

Stone type: Limestone

Location:Cathedral, Naumburg / Germany

Scale:Width of the image: appr. 30 cm

Page 10: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Weathering form:

Clearing out of stone components (Rh)

Stone type: Conglomerate

Location:Monastery, Monserrat / Spain

Scale:Width of the image: appr. 50 cm

Weathering form:

Roughening (Rr)

Stone type: Marble

Location:Sculpture, Venice / Italy

Scale:Height of the head: appr. 30 cm

Weathering form:

Microkarst (Rm)

Stone type: Limestone

Location:Head of a statue (Apollo), Nemrud Dag / Turkey

Scale:Height of the image: appr. 60 cm

Page 11: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Weathering form:

Pitting (Rt)

Stone type: Marble

Location:Rialto Bridge, Venice / Italy

Scale:Width of the image: appr. 20 cm

Weathering form:

Relief due to anthropogenic impact (aR)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location:Karnak Temple, Luxor / Egypt

Scale:Width of the image: appr. 75 cm

Weathering form:

Break out due to anthropogenic impact (aO)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location:Sculptural decoration, Angkor / Cambodia

Scale: Height of the image: appr. 60 cm

Page 12: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Weathering form:

Break out due to anthropogenic impact (aO)

Stone type: Limestone

Location:St. Wenzel Church, Naumburg / Germany

Scale:Height of the image: appr. 4 m

Weathering form:

Break out due to constructional cause (bO)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location:Cathedral, Aachen / Germany

Scale:Height of the image: appr. 55 cm

Page 13: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Weathering form:

Break out due to natural cause (nO)

Stone type: Sandstone

Location:Palace Tomb, Petra / Jordan

Scale:Width of the image: appr. 12 m

Weathering form:

Break out due to non-recognizable cause (oO)

Stone type: Limestone

Location:Relief, Venice / Italy

Scale:Width of the image: appr. 2 m

Weathering form:

Break out due to non-recognizable cause (oO)

Page 14: WEATHERİNG OF STONES

Stone type: Sandstone

Location:Luxor Temple, Luxor / Egypt

Scale:Width of the image: appr. 55 cm

Weathering form:

Break out due to non-recognizable cause (oO)

Stone type: Marble

Location:Acropolis, Athens / Greece

Scale:Width of the image: appr. 2 m


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