weathering and soils practice test. question: what kind of weathering is represented by the...
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Weathering and Soils Practice Test
QUESTION: What kind of weathering is represented by the following picture?
ANSWER
The previous picture represents mechanical weathering
Rocks break down into smaller and smaller pieces with no change in composition
QUESTION: What kind of weathering is represented by the following picture?
ANSWER:
Chemical WeatheringRock is being broken down by carbon acid in
the water
What kind of weathering is described by these steps? Mechanical or Chemical
Freezing water exerts pressure on the rocks and make them split.
Water collects in collects in the cracks of rocks and rock layers.
Water thaws and the cycle called frost wedging, repeats.
Water expands as it freezes.
ANSWER:
MechanicalRock is broken down physically into smaller
pieces with no change in composition
What specific kind of mechanical weathering is described by these steps?
Freezing water exerts pressure on the rocks and make them split.
Water collects in collects in the cracks of rocks and rock layers.
Water thaws and the cycle called frost wedging, repeats.
Water expands as it freezes.
ANSWER:
Frost Wedging
What is the first step?
A. Freezing water exerts pressure on the rocks and make them split.
B. Water collects in collects in the cracks of rocks and rock layers.
C. Water thaws and the cycle called frost wedging, repeats.
D. Water expands as it freezes.
ANSWER:
B. Water collects in collects in the cracks of rocks and rock layers.
What is the second step?
A. Freezing water exerts pressure on the rocks and make them split.
B. Water collects in collects in the cracks of rocks and rock layers.
C. Water thaws and the cycle called frost wedging, repeats.
D. Water expands as it freezes.
ANSWER:
D. Water expands as it freezes.
What is the 3rd step?
A. Freezing water exerts pressure on the rocks and make them split.
B. Water collects in collects in the cracks of rocks and rock layers.
C. Water thaws and the cycle called frost wedging, repeats.
D. Water expands as it freezes.
ANSWER:
A. Freezing water exerts pressure on the rocks and make them split.
What is the 4th step?
A. Freezing water exerts pressure on the rocks and make them split.
B. Water collects in collects in the cracks of rocks and rock layers.
C. Water thaws and the cycle called frost wedging, repeats.
D. Water expands as it freezes.
ANSWER:
C. Water thaws and the cycle called frost wedging, repeats.
Hydrolysis is the reaction of _____ with other substances.
ANSWER: water
Is hydrolysis mechanical or chemical weathering?
ANSWER: chemical Water is dissolving the rock
What specific example of chemical weathering is rust?
ANSWER: oxidationOxidation is the reaction of oxygen with other
substances
What color do rocks appear if they are experiencing oxidtaion?
ANSWER: red
Carbon produced by organisms combines with water to form carbonic
acid. What is the name of this process?
ANSWER: carbonation
Carbon produced by organisms combines with water to form carbonic acid. What kind of rock
does this dissolve most effectively?
ANSWER: Limestone
Limestone _____ form when carbonic acid dissolves the calcite in limestone.
ANSWSER: caves
Burning of fossil fuels can produce _______ that will break down rock.
ANSWSER: acid precipitation (or acid rain)
What is the name of the kind of weathering that occurs when tiny tree roots get into the cracks of rocks and break them apart as they grow?
ANSWER: Tree root wedging
Is Tree Root Wedging Mechanical or Chemical Weathering?
ANSWER: MechanicalIt is also an example of organic activity
because it is a living organism that causes this weathering
This type of weathering occurs when layers of rock peel off and leave behind a dome shaped rock.
ANSWER: Exfoliation
Is Exfoliation Mechanical or Chemical?
ANSWER: Mechanical
What are 2 ways frost wedging and thermal expansion/contraction are different?
ANSWER: frost wedging involves water freezing in the cracks of rock
Thermal Expansion/Contraction involves grains of rock heating (expanding) and cooling (contraction)
How are frost wedging and thermal expansion/contraction the same?
ANSWER: they both involve change in temperature from hot to cold
They both are examples of mechanical weathering
Explain 2 ways that abrasion of rock is likely to occur.
Answer: Rocks colliding in moving waterWind: rock particles scrape other rocksGravity: rocks fall and collide into other rocksGlaciers: as they move rocks in the glacier
scrape against other rocks
Is abrasion mechanical or chemical?
ANSWER: mechanical
True or False: Carbonation is a type of dissolution
ANSWER: True
When decayed plant or animal material break down rocks, is this mechanical or chemical?
ANSWER: Chemical
Describe the difference between mechanical and chemical weathering.
ANSWER: mechanical is when rocks physically break down into smaller and smaller pieces, there is no chemical change.
Chemical is when rocks are dissolved or changed chemically due to a reaction with other substances
What components make up soil?
ANSWER: Minerals (broken down rock)AirWaterOrganic material
What process creates soil?
ANSWER: Weathering
How is mineral matter important to soil?
ANSWER: it makes up the soil type
Why is it important to have water in soil?
ANSWER: Nutrients travel up the roots of plants through water.
Why is it important to have air in soil?
ANSWER: the air provides space for water and nutrients to travel through out the soil and to plant roots
Why is it important to have organic matter in soil?
ANSWER: organic matter will provide nutrients to the soil
Explain how organic matter provides nutrients to soil.
ANSWER: when they digest (poop) the nutrients in the feces is added to soil
When organisms die they decompose and the nutrients in their decaying parts add nutrients to the soil