waveguide & waveguide server - radac · 2015. 1. 29. · installation ... the waveguide radar...

Instruction manual

WaveGuide &

WaveGuide Server

Radac bvElektronicaweg 16b2628 XG DELFTPhone: +31 15 890 32 03Email: [email protected] l

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.radac.nl/

http://www.radac.nl/

Instruction manual WaveGuide + WaveGuide Server

Version 4.1 2 of 30 Oct 2013


Table of Contents

Introduction...................................................................................................................................................................4

Installation.....................................................................................................................................................................5

The WaveGuide Sensor...........................................................................................................................................5Cabling.....................................................................................................................................................................6The WaveGuide Server............................................................................................................................................7

Commissioning the system...........................................................................................................................................9

Connect the WGS to a computer.............................................................................................................................9Authorization.........................................................................................................................................................10Inspect the quality of the measurements...............................................................................................................11Set sample rate and mounting height and pipe diameter......................................................................................12Set system date/ time.............................................................................................................................................13Data distribution:...................................................................................................................................................14Data distribution:...................................................................................................................................................14

Using the system.........................................................................................................................................................17

Parameters.............................................................................................................................................................17Spectra...................................................................................................................................................................18Data logging..........................................................................................................................................................19Configure network.................................................................................................................................................20

Appendix1:..................................................................................................................................................................21

All parameters........................................................................................................................................................21

Appendix 2: ...............................................................................................................................................................23

Properties file “wgs.properties”............................................................................................................................23

Appendix 3: ................................................................................................................................................................26

Service via com1...................................................................................................................................................26

Appendix 4..................................................................................................................................................................27

Measuring principle...............................................................................................................................................27

Appendix 5..................................................................................................................................................................29

Specifications.........................................................................................................................................................29



Introduction

The WaveGuide system is a very accurate level gauge which is compact, robust and easy to install. It is suited to measure water level, tide and waves, up to the most extreme conditions. The system consist of a radar unit and a server unit.

The WaveGuide Radar unit is based on Enrafs tankgauging radar the 973 Smartradar. It uses radar to measure the distance between the radar antenna and the water surface.

The radar is mounted above open water. A flat 20 cm patch antenna (the F08) is used. The radar can be mounted atany suitable location with free space to the water.

The WaveGuide Server unit (WGS) takes care of all data handling ( collection, processing, distribution, presentation and logging) also it facilitates commissioning and (remote) servicing of the system.The radar is connected with the server via a RS485 serial link allowing a maximum cable length of 1200m.All facilities are made easily available via the build in web server and the standard web browser at your own computer. The web server facility is the most convenient way of communication but not the only one. It is also possible to communicate via one of the serial ports.

In this manual first mounting and installation is described followed by the commissioning of the system via the user interface. Secondly all facilities are described, successively data processing, data presentation, data distribution and data logging.

In appendix1 detailed information is given about all available information. Appendix2 describes for the expert user how to configure the system via the properties file. In case the web browser interface can not be used is for the expert user the communication via the serial port described in appendix3 . The measuring principle is described in appendix4. Finally the system specifications are given in appendix5.



Installation

The WaveGuide Sensor

The WaveGuide radar can be positioned at any suitable mounting location with free space to the water. It is advised to choose a position such that the radar beam is free from large reflecting obstacles (beam width F08 antenna 5 deg half top angle). This does not only includes horizontal objects in the beam , such as ducts, but also vertical structures as bridge pillars, quay walls, legs of an oil rig, etc. It is recommended to mount the WaveGuide at a minimum distance of 0,1x the height of the pole or qua wall.

The sensor has four mounting holes (Ø 11mm) in the top flange and lid equally distributed at a circle of 240mm To facilitate the mounting, a mounting plate and a railmounting are available.

Reference level for the measured distance to the watersurface is the bottom side of the sensor unit.


Fig. 2: Dimensions of the sensor unit.

Fig. 3: Sensor with mounting plate.

Fig. 1: The WaveGuide sensor

Fig. 4: Measures of mounting plate.


Cabling

On top of the sensor unit there is a connection box. The five pole Phoenix connector is wired as indicated in the table below.The cable gland is meant for cables with a diameterbetween 9 and 13 mm.

Mains: Mains supply is 24-64VDC. Supply variations of +10% and – 20% are allowed. The power rating is max 18W.

Communication : Standard the WaveGuide radar communicates with the WaveGuide Server via an RS-485 connection (A, B and signal ground). The cable must be twisted pairs and shielded (eg. Novasub DLR3). The maximum length is 1200 m. The shielding must be connected to ground to both sides of the cable. There can be a potential difference between the grounds at the radar location and the server location. Therefore a capacitor (10 to 100 nF) should be applied on one side of the cable between shield and ground.


Connector function right connector WGS

+ + Radar +

- - Radar -

1 Rs485 A Radar 1

2 Rs485 B Radar 2

3 Rs485 GND Radar 3

Connection scheme Fig. 6: The connector compartment


The WaveGuide Server

The WaveGuide Server (WGS) is available in two versions an IP67 version and a rack mount version. The IP67 version is a 190 x190 mm polycarbonate box. Connectors, buttons and display are all on one side. Cables are fed via a removable cover plate. The rack mount version has a 19'' front panel (2U height). It has the push buttons andthe display at the front and the connectors at the back side.

Most connections can be made via two 10 pole screw connectors.

The right connector is to connect the radar and the supply.

● Pins 1,2 and 3 are to be connected to the corresponding terminals 1,2 and 3 in the radar. The link is

RS485.● To facilitate a “one cable” connection to the radar it is also possible to feed the radar from the WGS by

pins 4 (+) and 5 (-). The power via these pins is switched on and of by the main switch of the WGS.● Via pin 7(+) and 8(-) of the right plug the WaveGuide Server is powered by 24VDC (18 – 36VDC)

● Pin 9 and 10 are connected with the housing of the WGS in order to connect a protective ground.


Fig 7: The WaveGuide Server IP67 versionFig 8: WaveGuide Server rack mount version.

Fig 9: The connector block.


The left connector is to connect to the computer ports of the WGS as defined below. Pins 2,3 and 5 of these serialports are parallel available on the left connector block and on the subD connectors.

Pin 7 of the left plug is not connected to avoid damage in case by mistake the right connector with the power is placed in the left plug.

COM1: This port is reserved for service. By means of a terminal the expert user can log in the system. (RS232). See appendix 3.

COM2: This port is reserved for transmission of data selected by the user. (RS232)

COM3: This port is reserved for transmission of data selected by the user. (RS232)

LAN: The WGS can be connected to the network with a straight network cable to the switch of the network or direct to a (laptop) computer via a cross cable.

Inside the WaveGuide Server there is a PC104 computer with a Linux operating system. It takes about 2 minutes to start up and during that time the display indicates “STARTING WGS”. After start-up the this message disappears and new information is presented.

The WaveGuide Server is designed to facilitate the use of the WaveGuide System. The easiest interface for the user is the built in web server. By means of the web browser (Internet Explorer, Firefox etc.) all facilities are available. At the LCD display information about the system and measured parameters are presented, controlled by five push buttons. They are numbered from left (1) to right (5). The information is organized in groups.

Button 1 to scroll through items in the group.(active sensor, parameters, network info, time, data storage)

Button 2 to scroll through the items in the group.

Button 5 is used in the data storage group to safely remove the USB disk.

Button 3 and 4 are reserved for future use.



Commissioning the system

To set the WaveGuide system in operation the following steps has to be made:

• connect the WGS to a computer

• become an authorized user

• inspect the quality of the measurements.

• set sample rate, mounting height.

• set system date/ time.

• configure the distribution of data.

Connect the WGS to a computer.

Inside the WaveGuide Server there is a web server available. Ones the WaveGuide Server is connected via LAN toa computer, communication with the web server is possible with any modern web browser with javascript enabled (Explorer, Mozilla, Opera etc.).

If it is not possible to establish a network connection it is also possible to service the system via serial port 1. Onlyan expert user should do this. In appendix 3 this is described.

The computer is connected with the WGS via a network cable, straight to a network switch or direct via a cross cable. During startup the WGS starts broadcasting for a DHCP server in the network to obtain an IP address. If there is no DHCP server responding the WGS will become a DHCP server itself with default ip address 192.168.111.71. A computer that will try to make a connection with the WGS will obtain an IP address from the WGS in the range 192.168.111.80 to 100. The actual IP number of the WGS is also presented at its LCD display (scroll via button 2 until the network info is displayed and then by button1 scroll through name and address.The default IP address can be modified via the web interface.

Type the ip address or name indicated on the LCD display (e.g. http://192.168.111.71 or http://wgs6) in the address line of the browser. Figure 10 gives the opening screen of the WaveGuide Server.

At the left side bar there are the 10 main topics of the interface:

Measurements Recent raw measured data can be presented in a graph.

Parameters The calculated parameters can be presented graphically.

Spectra The energy density spectrum of the waves can be requested.

Data logger Data logging is available as an option.


Fig. 10 The web interface of the WaveGuide Server.

http://wgs6/

http://192.168.111.71/


Sensor raw data In commissioning and service the reflection diagram of a single measurement can be requested.

Configure Sensor Change the radar mounting height, the measuring window and sampling rate.

Subscriptions Here the distribution of data is defined.

Configure Network Change the default network settings. These are used only if no DHCP server can be found on the network.

Set Date/Time Change the WaveGuide Server date.

System Info System statistics.

Authorization.

To modify the configuration you need to be an authorized user. Therefore, an authorization dialogue will appear when the user tries to change a configuration item. The authorization will become invalid after 5 minutes of inactivity. However, the webbrowser may store the login name and password. In that case, the authorization data will be submitted automatically by the browser without a popup dialog.Default the login name and password are both “radac”. In appendix 2 it is described how to change this.After successful authorization, the changed settings will be stored and a reboot dialog will appear. The settings will not be effective until the WaveGuide Server is rebooted.


Fig. 11: Authorization popup and reboot screen


Inspect the quality of the measurements.

The system starts up by itself. No items has to be set before useful information will become available. The first step is the inspection of the quality of the measurements.

1. Check the system info page.The lowest line gives the radar status. Communication must give OK and the numbers of performed and invalid measurements gives an indication of the performance. The number of invalid measurements is normally around 0.1 ‰.

• If the communication is not OK, this indicates that the WaveGuide Server started correctly but

there is no connection with the radar. Check the cabling.• If the communication is OK and the temperature is given but the number of invalid

measurements is to high, this indicates that the cabling is correct, the WGS communicates correctwith the radar but the radar measurements are not good enough.

2. Check the raw data in the raw data page. The measured raw data can be presented in periods of 1, 3 and 10 minutes. If there are gaps in the data or large spikes the measurements are disturbed, inspect the reflection diagram

3. Check the reflection diagram. The reflection diagram is a spectral representation of one measurement of


Fig. 12: System information

Fig. 13: presentation of heave data period


25ms. This measurement consist of one up sweep (red curve) and one down sweep (blue curve). Depending on the sea state a region is selected where the reflection of the water surface can be expected (within the green lines). The highest peak in this region represents the water surface. The signal strength can fluctuate between 60 and 20 dB. Due to the Doppler shift the red and the blue curve can shift away from each other. Often a second peak is visible in the reflection diagram like in figure 14. This is from themultiple reflection between radar and water surface. This second peak must be outside the green acceptance window. If there is no peak above the 20dB threshold the measurement is disapproved.

Set sample rate and mounting height and pipe diameter

This can be done in the Configure radar window. The radar configuration is protected by an authorization dialog. Sample rates of 5, 2.56, 2 and 1.28 Hz can be selected. The mounting height is given in cm. At delivery the mounting height is set to zero. The reference point of the radar is the underside of the sensor unit. If mounting height is set to zero the water level is referred to the under side of the sensor unit. So if the result is -500 cm you know that the distance between the bottom of the sensor and the water surface is 500cm. If the mounting height is set to 460cm the result will become -40cm.

In case of spurious reflections from obstacles below the radar (to be inspected visa the reflection diagram) it is possible to tilt the radar slightly (up to 15 degrees) to get away from these reflecting obstacles.


Fig. 14: The reflection diagram window.

Fig. 15: The configuration window of the sensor.


The WaveGuide Server recognizes if a stilling well radar is connected. In that case the configuration window gives beside the sample rate and the mounting height also the opportunity to select the pipe diameter (15,20,25 and 30 cm)

The chances only take effect after the system is rebooted.

Set system date/ time.

It is important to time stamp the measurement correct. Some applications have their own facility to keep track of time and they do not use the time of the WaveGuide Server. In other circumstances the system time of the WaveGuide Server becomes important. The WaveGuide server has a battery back up clock. So the system date andtime should be more or less correct. A WaveGuide System should be able to run for years and a computer clock is far from accurate. Therefore facilities are available to keep track of the correct time.

• First the WaveGuide Server tries to synchronize its time to a time server, which is often available

in a network. This is done via a network protocol (ntp). At commissioning it is recommended to set date and time as close to the network time as possible. Because it will take a very long time tosynchronize if the time gap is too big.

• Second the system can optional be equipped with a GPS receiver. In that case the system

synchronizes to the GPS time.

If it becomes necessary to change the system time, this can be done on the Set date/time page. After changing the system time, the WaveGuide server must be rebooted. Note that it is not possible to set the seconds. Any number entered for the seconds will be ignored when setting the system time.

The date/time configuration is protected by an authorization dialog, which was described above in the section 'Authorization'.


Fig. 16: Setting the system time.


Data distribution:

The WGS can transmit measured heave and calculated data ( processing option only) via its serial ports (COM2 &3) and via its network link to several network addresses.

In appendix 1 all possible information is described. To keep the user interface clear only a selection of the parameters is given. This selection is defined in the configuration file. Only an expert user should modify the configuration file. This is described in appendix 2.

The existing subscriptions can be removed and modified, new ones can be added. Several simultaneous subscriptions are possible.

The format for the serial ports is “port, baudrate, number of data bits, number of stop bits, parity and handshake”.

e.g. COM2,9600,7,1,EVEN,NONE.If this string is shortened the default values will be used.

e.g. COM2,9600 will be interpreted as COM2,9600,8,1,NONE,NONE

If a non valid string is filled, the help info will appear.

The format for the network message is http://ip address:port e.g.: http://192.168.111.103:8032

The subscriptions may not be changed by an unauthorized user. Therefore, an authorization dialogue will appear when the user tries to change the subscriptions. The authorization will become invalid after 5 minutes of inactivity. However, the web browser may store the login name and password. In that case, the authorization data will be submitted automatically by the browser without a popup dialog.

ASCII messages.

All serial and UDP messages are in ASCII format. Currently there are four different ASII messages formats:

• Radac

• KMA

• SESAM

• FGTI

Radac format

Each message contains the information from one parameter. Most parameters have a single value (e.g. Hmo). Multi value parameters also excist (e.g. Czz10 which has 51 spectral values). The last character in a message is a LineFeed ('0x0a or '\n')


Fig. 17: List of defined subscriptions and the preparation of a new one.

http://192.168.111.103:8032/


Single value

The format of the single value string is as follows;

time=<TIME>;sensor=<SENSOR NAME>;<PARAMETER NAME>=<PARAMETER VALUE><PARAMETERUNIT>;

• <TIME> gives time in ms since 1 Jan 1970 (GMT of UTC of UT)

• <SENSOR NAME> the name given to the sensor by the user.

• <PARAMETER NAME> This is the name conform the data type definition. In general these are as given

in the file '/waveguide/WGS/DataTypes.txt' .

• <PARAMETER VALUE> is a float, if needed with exponent. If the value is ‘invalid’ it is written as

NaN.

• <PARAMETER UNIT> The physical units given in the dataypes file. This field can be empty.

Example:

time=1306937130000;sensor=standpijp;H=-5.180469cm;

Multi value

The format is the same as for the single value strings except for the values.

time=<TIME>;sensor=<SENSOR NAME>;<PARAMETER NAME>=<<PARAMETER VALUE>,<PARAMETER VALUE>,<PARAMETER VALUE>...><PARAMETER UNIT>;

If all values in the message are not available only one NaN will appear.

Examples:

time=1306937346768;sensor=standpijp;Radcan=410.0,0.0,-6.1102905,-0.5495228,416.38654,415.83405,2.4105468E7,2.4097992E7,4738362.5,4712177.5;

time=1306937346768;sensor=standpijp;Czz10=NaNcm2/Hz;

KMA format

Sometimes some small modifications are made on request. The Korean Metoffice (KMA) preferred a readable time format in the Korean time zone. Also the End of Line character '0x0a' is not included.

time=2006/09/04 17:58:00;H1=-319.70026cm;

time=2006/09/04 17:48:59;Hm0=1.3314528cm;

time=2006/09/04 17:59:00;H1=-319.7222cm;

time=2006/09/04 17:49:59;Hm0=1.2973408cm;

time=2006/09/04 18:03:00;H1=NaNcm;

SESAM format

Dutch Rijkswaterstaat (RWS) uses the SESAM format. This format is only defined for the heave data and for H data (= 10 seconds mean). It consists of 8 character lines ;

line feed, status, sign, 4level value in cm, carriage return

+0001



-0004

A+9999 (=error condition)

FGTI format

The Belgium government (FGTI) requested one string with all required information (parameters + spectrum) per processing interval. The format is like the Radac format only with all parameters separated by semi colon (;). Alsothe 51 spectrum values are in this message. The “NaN” string is replaced by a “-9999” string.

time=1159898219628;sensor=radcan;H1/3=0.101608045cm;Hm0=0.070818946cm;Czz10=0.0,5.0869432E-5,1.3970293E-4,4.7124052E-4,7.1615004E-4,7.975558E-4,7.6214876E-4,7.1647903E-4,7.6107396E-4,6.847791E-4,6.6441507E-4,4.567583E-4,7.3393347E-4,8.3342794E-4,7.177321E-4,8.320104E-4,9.631133E-4,4.7024636E-4,5.479116E-4,7.0798665E-4,7.973897E-4,8.964213E-4,0.0010354978,5.15721E-4,8.0113555E-4,8.009798E-4,8.0272334E-4,8.0752687E-4,6.5126666E-4,8.172201E-4,5.1516114E-4,6.2683446E-4,5.63858E-4,3.5074513E-4,6.5980386E-4,5.53472E-4,7.269641E-4,6.289437E-4,6.156702E-4,5.8503065E-4,6.2185246E-4,5.5198127E-4,4.41777E-4,2.7770927E-4,3.32

After successful authorization, the changed settings will be stored and a reboot dialog will appear. The settings will not be effective until the WaveGuide Server is rebooted.



Using the system

The basic version of the WaveGuide System takes care of the measuring process and offers the facilities to commission the system as described in the commissioning section. Once commissioned the facilities of raw data presentation, reflection diagram, system info etc. can be used to monitor the proper operation of the system.

Processing to parameters plus their presentation and logging is an option. The use of this option is described below.There are two analysis routines. First the time and frequency domain analysis for waves “Standard Wave Processing Package (SWAP)” , the standard wave processing of the Dutch government and meets the standard of the oil companies (E&P forum). Secondly the tide processing with several averaging periods (10s, 1, 5 and 10 minutes).A detailed description of the SWAP package is available. The spectra and parameters that are available are described in appendix1. It is inconvenient to have all parameters presented in the user interface. Therefore a selection is made in the configuration file (see appendix2). Below an example is given of some lines in the configuration file:

DataProcessor0 = nl.radac.wgs.dataprocessor.swap.SWAPDataProcessorDataProcessorInterval0 = 1DataProcessorGetData0 = H1/3,Hm0,Hmax,T1/3,Ngd_zP,Czz10,GGH,Tm02DataProcessorStoreData0 = H1/3,Hm0,Hmax,T1/3,Ngd_zP, GGH,Tm02

DataProcessor1= nl.radac.wgs.dataprocessor.TideProcessorDataProcessorInterval1 = 10,60,60,60DataProcessorGetData1 = H,H1,H5,H10DataProcessorStoreData1 = H,H1,H5,H10

This indicates that from the SWAP processing is performed with an interval of 1 minute. Default the processing period is 20 minutes. So each minute the past 20 minutes is analysed. The parameters that are used from the SWAP process for presentation and datadistribution are H1/3, Hm0, Hmax, T1/3, Ngd_zP, Czz10, GGH, Tm02. From these parameters H1/3, Hm0, Hmax, T1/3, Ngd_zP, GGH and Tm02 are being stored in the data logger. Thedata are being timestamped by the middle time of the analysis period (e.g. Hm0 timestamped at 10h12 is from the period 10h02 till 10h22).

And for the Tide processing this indicates that H (the 10s mean) is calculated each 10 seconds and H1, H5 and H10 are calculated each 60 seconds. All these parameters are available for presentation and data distribution. These data are being timestamped by the middle of the analysis period.

The modification of the configuration file can result in a total system crash an should therefore only be done by skilled personnel. It is described in appendix 2.

Parameters (processing option only).

In this page (fig. 18) a graph of a selected parameter is given over a selected period (1, 6 or 24 hours). The parameters to select from are from the tide processing and from the wave processing.

The tide parameters

H: The 10 seconds mean.H1: The 1 minute mean.H5: The 5 minute meanH10: The 10 minute mean:

The wave parameters.

These parameters are from the Standard Wave Analysis Package. In total there are five quality parameters from the preprocessing, 15 parameters from the time domain processing and 19 parameters from the



spectral processing. As described before only a selection is made available for presentation. The total list of parameters is given in appendix 1.

Spectra (processing option only).

In the wave processing also the energy density spectrum is calculated. This past ten can be asked for. The interval between these spectra is equal to the calculation interval of the wave processing as defined in the properties file.


Fig. 18: The screen to select a 1, 6 or 24 hour graph of a parameter and the presentation of it.

Fig. 19: Request and presentation screen for energy density spectrum.


Data logging (processing option only).

Data logging is an option. The WaveGuide Server is equipped withan USB connector. Due to the narrow space the connector has a 90degrees adapter in it.

A USB hard disk or a USB stick can be connected.

Therefore for safe data storage an UPS and a good quality USB drive is needed.

The USB disk that is connected should not be formatted by the Windows NTFS system as this format is not supported by other operating systems. The WaveGuide Server can cope with FAT32 , Ext2 and Ext3. The majorityof usb disks and usb flash drives are delivered with FAT32.

Mount the drive. The system does not couple the drive automatically. This should be done via the push buttons atthe WaveGuide Server ( data logger menu mount system)

Unmount/ remove safely. The USB disk can be removed safely by using the push buttons at the WaveGuide Server. Go to the Storage menu via button 1 and then via button 2 to safely remove.

The data logger page in the user interface gives access to the stored data.


Fig. 21: The data logger access page.

Without extra attention the USB storage is not a safe method to archive data.

The WaveGuide System will automatically start after a power failure. A USB disk however can be damaged by a power failure.

Fig. 20: USB connector.


Each radar has its own directory. In this directory, sub-directories are created that contain the raw data and parameter files. The data is stored on the principle of one file per day per parameter.

If the drive is full a delete mechanism starts taking care that the system can store the most recent parameters at theexpense of the oldest data.

By means of a FTP program the data can be transferred easily to another computer. Login name and password are the same as to modify the settings (default they are both radac).

Configure network

At startup the WaveGuide Server will try to obtain its network settings by DHCP. If no DHCP server can be found, it will assign itself a default ip address / netmask combination.

By unselecting the DHCP option the system will start with the fixed IP address.

It is also possible to make the Wave Guide Server a DHCP server.

The network configuration is protected by an authorization dialogue, which was described above in the section 'Subscriptions'.


Fig. 20: Configuring the network.


Appendix1:

All parameters

In the user interface only a selection of all the available information is given. If other or more information is needed in the user interface this can be added in the file wgs.properties (see Appendix 2)

Raw data at 2 or 2.56 Hz

1 heave cm

Spectra and wave tables

2 Czz5 5 mHz energy density spectrum ,mHz

3 WTBH Table of wave heights

4 WTBT Table of wave periods

5 Czz10 10 mHz energy density spectrum mHz

parameters of spectral processing

6 Hm0 Significant wave height from M0 cm

7 M0 Band energy from 10Czz(f) in the range f =[30-500] mHz cm2

8 M0_M Band energy from 10Czz(f) in the range f =[30-1000] mHz cm2

9 Hm0_M Significant wave height from M0_M cm

10 Tm02 Average period from M0 and M2 in the range f=[30-500] mHz s

11 Tm02_M Average period from M0 and M2 in the range f =[30-1000] mHz s

12 TE0 Band energy from 10Czz(f) in the range f =[500-1000] mHz cm2


14 TE1_M Band energy from 10Czz(f) in the range f =[200-1000] mHz cm2


16 HTE3 Wave height from TE3, cm

17 Fp Frequency f where 10Czz(f) has its maximum in the range f =[30-500] mHz Hz

18 Fp_M Fp_M,Frequency f where 10Czz(f) has its maximum in the range f =[30-1000] mHz

Hz

19 AV10_H AV10_H,Theoretical number of degrees of freedom of the energy density spectrum (= 4 * Ndlr_H)

20 HS7 Wave height from band energy from 5Czz(f) in the range f =[30-142.5] mHz cm

21 Tm0_1 Minus first moment period from M-1 and M0 in the range f =[30-500] mHz s

22 Tm0_1_M Minus first moment period from M-1 and M0 in the range f =[30-1000] mHz s

parameters from time domain processing.

23 H1/3 Average of the height of the highest 1/3 of the waves cm

24 TH1/3 Average of the period of the highest 1/3 of the waves s





27 T1/3 Average of the period of the longest 1/3 of the periods s

28 GGH, Average of the height of all waves cm

29 GGT Average of the period of all waves

30 AG2 number of waves

31 SPGH Standard deviation of the wave height

32 SPGT Standard deviation of the wave period

33 Hmax Height of highest wave

34 Tmax Period of longest wave

35 THmax Period of highest wave

36 HCM Crest height, maximum positive value of all data within one analysis period

Quality parameters

37 Nwt_zP Sum of periods of waves divided by analysis period

38 Ndlr_H Number of valid subseries of the signal in the vertical direction

39 Ngd_zP percentage of vertical wave motion datapoints that do not contain error code before pre-processing

40 Nu_z number of valid vertical wave motion datapoints that are rejected because of 0-sigma errors,

41 Nv_z Nv_z,number of valid vertical wave motion datapoints that are rejected because of 4-sigma errors

42 Nd_z Nd_z,number of valid vertical wave motion datapoints that are rejected because of 4-delta errors

43 Ni_z Ni_z,number of interpolated or extrapolated vertical wave motion datapoints

parameters from tide processing

44 H Average height over last 10 seconds

45 H1 Average height over last 1minutes

46 H5 Average height over last 5 minutes

47 H10 Average height over last 10 minutes



Appendix 2:

Properties file “wgs.properties”

The WGS.properties file is used in the startup procedure to configure the system. Below a wgs.properties file is printed. To modify the configuration this file should be edited.

There are two ways to edit the file :

1. Copy the file to your own computer. Edit it and copy it back to the WaveGuide Server. Copy can be done via ftp or via a ssh connection. To edit the file use a editor and not a word processor as the latter adds all kind of extra characters to the text.

2. Edit the file on the system itself. Make a ssh connection and use the editor program “nano” to edit the fileat the WaveGuide Server. A ssh connection can be established from a Linux console. From a windows computer this can be done with the freeware program “putty”. Beside a ssh connection also a telnet session will work.

Use the ip address given in the display of the WaveGuide Server (with push button 2 you go to the group network info and then with button1 you scroll between ip address and hostname).

When you start a ssh connection it takes a few seconds to obtain the request for login name and password (default these are both radac). First have a look in the /config directory.

ls /configthis gives a listing of the files in this directory. Two files are always there wgs.properties and wgs.properties.bak. Sometimes also a file wgs.properties.error is present. This error file is created when the system could not start with wgs.properties file because it is corrupt. In that case the system copies the corrupt wgs.properties file to wgs.properties.error and copies also a wgs.default file to wgs.properties. This is done to start the system anyway.

to start the program “nano” type :

nano /config/wgs.properties

To go through the text use the arrow keys. The use of the editor is explained in the lower part of the screen. To save the edited version use as indicated Ctr O plus enter to confirm. To exit nano type Ctr X. To restart the

system the best is to switch the WaveGuide Server off and on again.

If something goes wrong and the system does not start as expected it might be the best to replace the wgs.properties by its back up version. You can do this in a ssh session by typing:

cp /config/wgs.properties.bak /config/wgs.properties

To remove the wgs.properties.error file type :

rm /config/wgs.properties.error


Warning: Editing the wgs.properties file is risky. The system can stop working.Editing should be done by a skilled person. In case the file is damaged one backup file is present at the system to bring the system back to its defaults.


Below a wgs.properties file is printed. You should only edit in the parts DataProcessor0, DataProcessor1 and DisplayData0 . If you want to add a parameter type its name exactly as written in Appendix1.

# Properties file for the WaveGuide Server# Vaisala# date 20060915

LoggerEnabled = false# should be false or logfilename LoggerToFileEnabled = falseLogLevel = 0

# The ModulesRadarModule = nl.radac.wgs.radar.TideRadarModuleDataProcessingModule = nl.radac.wgs.dataprocessor.DataProcessingModuleStorageAndRetrievalModule = nl.radac.wgs.storage.CFStorageDistributionModule = nl.radac.wgs.distribution.DistributionModuleServicingModule = nl.radac.wgs.servicing.ServletServicingModuleWatchDogModule = nl.radac.wgs.watchdog.WatchDogModuleDebugPrintModule = nl.radac.wgs.watchdog.DebugPrintModuleDisplayModule = nl.radac.wgs.display.DisplayModule

# The radar(s) and driver(s)# The first radar:RadarID0 = radcanRadarDriver0 = nl.radac.wgs.radar.driver.RadCanRadarDriverProperties0 = COM4,115200,8,1,NONE,NONERadarHeartbeat0 = nl.radac.wgs.core.DefaultHeartbeatRadarHeartbeatPeriod0 = 390RadarHeight0 = 0.0RadarCalibration0 = -28.0RadarStoreData0 = true#sweepsize, nr of sweeps, radarid, min dist, max dist, min levelRadarAdditionalSettings0 = 256,2,0,200,4000,20RadarPreProcessor0 = nl.radac.wgs.dataprocessor.WavePreProcessor#heave units per meter, max nr of samples, min vertical speed, factorRadarPreProcessorProperties0 = 0.01,1536,1.0,1.5

DataProcessor0 = nl.radac.wgs.dataprocessor.swap.SWAPDataProcessorDataProcessorRadars0 = radcanDataProcessorInterval0 = 1DataProcessorGetData0 = Hm0,Ngd_zP,Tm02,HTE3,Fp,Hmax,HCM,AV10_H,Czz10DataProcessorStoreData0 = Hm0,Ngd_zP,Tm02,HTE3,Fp,Hmax,HCM,AV10_H,Czz10

DataProcessor1 = nl.radac.wgs.dataprocessor.TideProcessorDataProcessorRadars1 = radcanDataProcessorInterval1 = 60DataProcessorGetData1 = H10DataProcessorStoreData1 = H10

# the filename of the file that describes the datatypesDataTypes = DataTypes.txt

WebserverPort = 80



WebserverRoot = WGS/webapps/radac/

# the time between 2 watchdog checks in secondsWatchDogLoopTime = 300

# the time between 2 debug prints in secondsDebugLoopTime = 0

# storage in blocksMaximumStorageTime = 144TimeFrameDuration = 1

DisplayID0 = 0DisplayRadar0 = radcanDisplayData0 = heave,H10,Hm0,Ngd_zP,Tm02,HTE3,Fp,Hmax,HCM,AV10_HDisplayDriverProperties0 = COM5,115200,8,1,NONE,NONEDistributorID0 = 0DistributorAddress0 = COM2,115200,8,1DistributorRadar0 = radcanDistributorProtocol0 = radacDistributorData0 = Hm0,Tm02,HTE3,Fp,Hmax,HCM,H10



Appendix 3:

Service via com1

The operating system of the WaveGuide Server is Linux. The settings of com1 are 115200,8,N,1. Default the system messages are sent to this port. A terminal program like Hyperterminal or Kermit for Windows or Minicom for Linux shows these messages. As both the WaveGuide Server and your laptop are computers a nulmodem cable is needed to communicate.

During start up the Linux boot messages are sent to the konsole at com1. If Linux has started properly the WaveGuide program starts and sends its output to com1. If the WaveGuide program does not start, the Linux console login prompt will appear.

Once the WaveGuide program has started you can return to the Linux konsole by stopping the WaveGuide debug proces that sends its info to the comport. This is done by sending a <break> followed by an < i>. In Linux this done by <Ctrl-a f>. In Windows this is program dependend. To send a break in Teraterm or Procom use <alt -b> inHyperterminal <Control -break>. The <i> must follow the break quit fast. You will see a prompt and a short time later login name and password are requested.

When you have the login prompt in the Konsole login as root with password “radac”. As soon as there is connection the wgs.properties file can be edited (see apppendix 2). Also other system maintenance can be performed. This goes beyond the scope of this manual.


This facility should be used only by the expert user as errors can cause serious problems.


Appendix 4

Measuring principle

The basic principle of a FMCW radar to measure distances is travel time measurement. This is done by transmitting a signal burst that increases in frequency in a linear way. The signal reflects on the water surface and is received by the antenna. Both the transmit and receive signals are mixed. This results in a signal with a frequency that is equal to the frequency difference of transmit and receive signals (the beat frequency). The travel time is determined by this beat frequency. The higher the frequency the larger the distance.

Processing

The basis of processing is simple. The beat signal is Fourier transformed and in this spectrum (also called reflection diagram) the reflection peak is determined, see figure 1 below.

Automatic Doppler correction

If the water level rises the frequency of the return signal increases due to the Doppler effect. The effect is that the frequency difference becomes smaller and the distance therefore also smaller. (see fig. 2)

To correct for this effect the 973 makes an up sweep followed immediately followed by a down sweep. For the down sweeping part of the signal the return signal has at the antenna a lower frequency than the frequency of the transmit signal. In the up sweep the measured distance is the real distance minus the Doppler distance (a-d) and in the up sweep the real distance is measured plus the Doppler distance (a+d). By addition and dividing by 2 the real distance a is obtained.


Fig. 21 Reflection diagram of WaveGuide 973 up



Fig. 1 Principle of Doppler correction in WaveGuide 973 up/down


Appendix 5

Specifications

WaveGuide System

sampling rate 2.56 Hzwave heights 0 - 60 mwave periods 0 – 1 Hzaccuracy water level 1 cmprocessing period

wave processing 20 minutes (SWAP standard)tide processing 10 seconds, 1,5 and 10 minutes

processing interval wave processing user defined number of minutes (e.g. 1,10, 20, 30 )water level user defined number of seconds (e.g. 10, 60, 600 )

WaveGuide radar.

The WaveGuide is based on the 973 SmartRadar LT , a level gauge for liquid storage tanks. manufactured by Enraf tankgauging (NL).

Mechanical:Dimensions: 22x25 cm (diameter, height)Weight approximately 10.5cadar123kgCasing material stainless steel 316

Electrical:Radar frequency 9.9 – 10.2 GHzModulation triangular FMEmission The emitted microwave energy is far below acceptable limits for exposure to the

human body . Depending on the type of antenna, a maximum radiation of 0.1 mW is generated.

Power requirements 24-64 VDC, 6Watt

Environmental conditions for the SmartRadar LT are:ambient temperature: -40 to 60 oCrelative humidity: 0 – 100 % ingress protection : IP67

WaveGuide Server.

Dimensions 23x19x10 cm (width, depth, height)Computer board Eurotech, Titan PC104Processor 520 MHz Intel XscaleComports 4x RS232 , 1x RS485Network 10/100 MHzPower requirements 5V, <2 WattOperating temperature -20 to 70 degrees CelciusCooling no fan requiredDisplay 2x20 characters LCDMemory on board flash


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