waterflooding using eclipse

7/27/2019 Waterflooding using Eclipse

1/18

1Project B

PROJECT BEffects of Oil Viscosity and heterogeneity on Water Flooding

Professor Pavel Bedrikovetsky

Aakriti Bhandari

Konstantin BobrovAndre Michels

Wan Mohd Syafiq Irfan Wan Mohd Shuhaimi

RESERVOIR SIMULATION


2/18

2Project B

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction...3

Aim...4

Eclipse Keywords.5

Homogenous (1 Layer) Reservoir Results..6-9

Heterogeneous (5 Layers) Reservoir Results.10-14

Comparison Between Homogenous and Heterogeneous

Results..15

Sensitivity Analysis..16-19

Conclusions .20


3/18

3Project B

INTRODUCTION

Why water flood?

It involves drilling injection wells and introduction water

through them

It improves oil production

Primary Recovery only recovers 5-35% OIIP

Water flooding can be used to recover 5-50% of the remaining

oil

Flooding techniques can be used to improve recovery for highly

heterogeneous reservoir.


4/18

Buckley-Leverett one dimensional displacement

=

=

Speed/position of waterfront

()=

(

)

Capillary pressure term in the fractional flow fixes

the problem

=

(

)

< < moves at constant speed

stabilized zone

> - unstablized zone

Abrupt changes in saturation in shock

front gradually change in saturation

behind water front

0

0.5

1

0.00 0.80Swf

_

(_)/(_ )

Sw

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION


5/18

5Project B

AIM

Used Eclipse to investigate the effect of oil viscosity and heterogeneity on well

performance. Plotted oil saturation maps for various viscosities

Calculated oil and water production rate at various time and PVI for low and high

viscosity oil.

Used heterogeneous reservoir with different permeability to examine its effecton Oil recovery

KeywordsKeywords Function

CWIT Connection water injected total

DIMENS Number of grid blocks in each directionDZ Length of z direction

FWPT Field water production total

PERM Permeability

RESV Specifies a target fluid rate

TSTEP Time step

uo Oil viscosity


6/18

6

Effect of oil Viscosity on waterflooding for a given rate

0.174 0.173 0.1720.161

0.148

0.075

0.021

0.3 0.7 1 5 10 50 200

Rf Vs Viscosity for day 180

Project B

Homogeneous 5-spot pattern

10 cp

1 cp0.174 0.172

200 cp0.148

0.3 cp

0.021


7/18

Saturation Maps Summary

7Project B

0.16

0.28

0.690.75 0.75 0.77

0.1 0.2 0.5434 1 1.5 4PVI

Rf Vs PVI for 1 cp

0.06

0.170.20

0.470.52

0.65

0.1 0.2 0.5434 1 1.5 4

PVI

Rf Vs PVI for 50 cp

0.1PVI BT 4PVI0.16 0.69 0.77

0.1PVI BT 4PVI0.06 0.20 0.65

The profiles below show the changing saturation of oil


8/18

Recovery Factor

00.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

Recoveryfactor

RF at Break through

1 Cp 50 Cp

0

200

400

600

800

1000

Breakthrought

ime

Break through time

BT at 1 and 50 cP

at 1000 bbl/d

BT at 1 and 50 cP

at 6000 bbl/d

1 Cp 50 Cp

Observation:

Higher recovery factor with lower viscosity

Faster depletion with higher rate(1cP)

Higher recovery factor with lower rate(50cP)

Explanation:

Piston-like displacement for 1cP

Bypassing of oil by water (50cP)

Mobility ratio between oil and injected water 8Project B


9/18

9Project B

Oil production rate and water cut

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

OilProductionrate

PVI

OPR vs PVI

1 cp

50 cp

Observations: Increase in Viscosity, less Oil

production

Different production profile

for low and high Viscosity

Explanations :

Time delay for pressure support

Slower response in the reservoir Primary drive

Difference in oil and water Viscosity


10/18

11Project B

RESERVOIR SIMULATION

Observations:

Reaches Maximum water cut

quickly with high flow rate BT happens sooner for high

Viscosity

Steeper water cut for low

viscosity

Explanations :

Difference in oil and water Viscosity

Piston like and Finger like flow fordifferent viscosities


11/18

12Project B

5 Layer cake 5-spot pattern

Investigating the effect of heterogeneity on water flooding

Setting heterogeneity:

For permeability ratio (Kmax/Kmin = 1, 10, 100)

Height = 20 m and kavg = 500 md

Kmax/Kmin = 1 10 100

500 95.3 9.88

500 442 459

500 484 500

500 526 543

500 953 988

All Permeability values are in md


12/18

0.3 cp1 cp

10cp 200 cp

19.9% 19.9%

19.2% 7.9%

13

0.199 0.199 0.199 0.196 0.192

0.159

0.079

0.3 0.7 1 5 10 50 200

RF

Viscosity

Rf Vs Viscosity

Water Flooding (So)

Project B

Effect of oil Viscosity on water flooding for a given rate


13/18

14

5 Layer Saturation Map

0.1 PVI BT16% 53.8% 4 PVI 69%

3.8%7.7% 48%

0.1 PVIBT 4 PVI 0

0.25

0.5

0.75

0 1 2 3 4

RF

PVI

1 cp

50 cp

Project B

Rf Vs PVI

The profiles below show the changing saturation of oil


14/18

15Project B

RF Vs PVI for five layers

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Reco

veryFactor

PVI

R: 100

R: 10

R: 1

0.5

0.55

0.6

0.65

0.7

0.75

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

Rfa

tBreakthrough

Flow Rate

R: 1

R:10

R:100

5-LAYER GRAPHS SUMMARY

RF at Bt Vs Rate for heteregeneous

reservoir

Homogeneous reservoir has better

performance

Most heterogeneous reservoir the flow

becomes channel which decreases the

influence of water flooding


15/18

16Project B

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

0 0.5 1 1.5

Fw

PVI

Water Cut Vs PVI

R:1

R: 100

R:10

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

Production

Rate

PVI

Production rate Vs PVI

R:1

R: 100

R: 10

5-LAYER GRAPHS SUMMARY

Pressure support drops faster in

homogeneous reservoir than in

heterogeneous

WC is faster for ratio 1 due to

heterogeneity


16/18

17Project B

Recovery Factor Per Layer

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0 2 4 6 8

RF

PVI

Ratio 10

1

2

3

4

5

Field

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0 1 2 3 4

RF

PVI

Ratio 1

1

2

3

4

5

Field 0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0 2 4 6

RF

PVI

Ratio 1001

2

3

4

5

Field

Observation:

Lowest permeable

layer has the highest

rate to increase for 0-1

PVI

Explanation:

Pressure difference


17/18

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

RecoveryFac

tor

PVI

Rf Vs PVI

R: 100R: 10

R: 1


18/18

19Project B

CONCLUSIONS

Eclipse is a sophisticated software for the simulation of water-

flooding.

The recovery factor, RF decreases as the viscosity increases both

for 1 layer and 5 layers case.

Water breakthrough is faster with the high viscosity oil.

Recovery Factor at Breakthrough decreases as heterogeneity

increases

Water breakthrough occurs first at the layer with the highest

permeability.

waterflooding using eclipse

Documents