warm ups 9.01 - wordpress.com · warm ups 9.01.2016 *describe the theory of plate tectonics. *what...
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Warm ups 9.01.2016*Describe the theory of plate tectonics.
*What are the four major types of tectonic plate interaction?
Lesson Objective: *compare the processes of chemical and mechanical weathering
*describe how water, wind, and glaciers cause erosion
The Power of Wind! *the soil of Hawaiian Islands consist of a type of clay that is older than the islands themselves
*What happened?
WeatheringWeathering: slow process of breaking down rocks of Earth’s surface into smaller and smaller pieces
*Did you know that the current Rocky Mountains are the 2nd Rocky Mountains?
Types of Weatheringmechanical weathering: rock is actually broken or weakened physically
*What causes of mechanical weathering can you think of?
Types of Mechanical Weatheringfrost wedging: water gets into cracks in rocks and expands when it freezes, causing chunk of rocks to break off
*the other most common form of mechanical weathering happens when seeds grow from cracks in rocks
*What causes of mechanical weathering can you think of?
Examples of Frost Wedging
Weathering Caused by Roots
*If you want to hear the cheesiest teacher joke ever, just ask…..or not.
Chemical Weathering
chemical weathering: rocks are altered by their chemical makeup being changed
*Any guesses what the most common forces are in chemical weathering?
Chemical Weathering
*water and carbon dioxide combine to create carbonic acid, which can completely dissolve certain types of rock
Results of Chemical Weathering
Other Types of Chemical Weathering
acid rain: chemicals in polluted air combine with water vapor and fall back to Earth
(nice job, humans)
Effects of Acid Rain
Erosion
Erosion: the movement of weathered materials; mainly caused by water, wind, and glaciers
Water-Caused Erosion*all canyons and valleys are created in part by water
*What else might help the water carve through the rocks?
Water-Caused Erosion*sediment: small particles of sand, soil, and gravel
*sediment acts like sandpaper as it is carried downstream, which greatly speeds up the carving that rivers do
*Fun Fact: it is estimated that the Mississippi River carries 500 million tons of sediment a year into the Gulf of Mexico!
Water Erosion Examples
Wind Erosion*loess: loess is a type of soil which has such fine particles, it can be blown all over the world
*wind also carries sediment, which acts like sandblasting surfaces to erode them
Wind Erosion Example
Glacial Erosion
glacier: huge, slow-moving “river of ice”
*Imagine how heavy a glacier is that is over 1,000 feet thick. Now, imagine what that does to the land underneath it as it slides downhill.
Glacial Erosion