2nd& 3rd Period Section 1 &2 assessment Section 1 (1-4 ) Section 2( 1-5) Just 3rd period. Section 1&2 vocabulary sheet and quiz.Have the first 20mins of class to complete.

4th-List things you know about greece

First two cultures to develop were the Minoans and the Mycenaeans.

Minoan culture developed in 3000BCE & lasted 1,000 years.

Historians cannot read Minoan writing.

Myceanaeans Traded with the Minoans and copied

Minoan writing.(however it can be translated)

Lots of competition and extreme warfare Huge walls were develop to create cities

This warfare ultimately led to the downfall of this civilization.

Between 1100-750 BCE After the fall of Mycenaean culture. Populations dropped dramatically in

numbers. Lived in small groups and lived in

pastoral lifestyle. Illiterate. Although pretty bad, the age allowed

for a reset button for all the problems caused by Mycenaean

Greece is surrounded by Ionian, Aegean, and Mediterranean Seas.

Extremely mountainous.

Mountain ranges seperated villages.

Others are isolated on the coast.

Advantages Encouraged

independence of cities.

Barrier for invaders

Disadvantage Physically isolated

from other commuties

Known as a Polis. Usually had

significant locations built at highest point called an Acropolis.

Agora were the open spaces below in the rest of the town.

Polis had different cultures and political system.

Use the maps on 126, 128, R41 and the ones I hand to you, to label and locate the following locations.

Athens Sparta OlympiaPeloponnesus Macedonia( Outline in

Blue) Asia Minor( Outline Crete

Mediterranean, Aegean, Black, and Ionian Sea.

Sea of Marmara Balkan

Peninsula( Outline in Green).

Be colorful and creative with this actively

1) Who was the first culture to arrive in Greece?

2) What three seas surrounded Greece?3) Name two characteristics of the Greek

Dark Ages.

For all of these use your notes.

Shouldn’t talk while the teacher is talking.

Raise your hand for permission to ask a question.

In 519 B.C. the Persians conquered a group of people who lived in Asia Minor called the Ionian Greeks

In 499 B.C. the Ionian Greeks asked for help from mainland.

Athens sent warships to help them

This angered Darius the Great In 490 B.C. Darius sent 600

ships and thousands of soldiers to invade Greece as punishment.

The Persian army landed at Marathon, north of Athens, in 490 B.C.

The Persians greatly outnumbered the Greeks

Greeks Won!!!

According to legend Pheidippides sprinted 26.2 miles to Athens to tell news of the victory.

In 480 B.C. Darius’ son Xerxes sent a larger force to conquer Greece.

He sent 200,000 soldiers and nearly 1,000 ships.

By this time Athens had convinced Sparta to join them in battle. Twenty Greek city-states joined together to meet the Persian invaders.

Sparta took charge of the army.

It came to a narrow mountain pass called Thermopylae, there 7,000 Greeks waited for the Persians.

The Persians marched south after their victory at Thermopylae and destroyed the city of Athens.

Athens Went to island of Salamis.

Persian attempted to attack the island, however their ships were too large.

Smaller Greek Ships destroyed them.

The Greek sense of uniqueness was increased.

Athens emerged as the most powerful city-state in Greece.

Athens organized the Delian League, an alliance with other Greek city-states.

Athens used the league to assert power and build an Athenian Empire.

To counter the Delian League, Sparta and other enemies of Athens formed the Peloponnesian League.

Sparta encouraged an Oligarchy (government run by business) in the states of the Peloponnesian League, and Athens supported democracy.

Many Greeks resented the Athenian domination.

The Greek world split into rival camps.

Athens had a strong navy and Sparta a Strong army.

Spartan invaded country-side and force overcrowding in the city.

Plague spread. Democracy became weak. Sparta took over Athens with help from

Persians.

CAUSES EFFECT

Athens had created Delian league to create Athenian Empire

Sparta and allies resented the growing influence of Athens.

Tension was built up between Athens and Sparta.

Athens lost its entire navy, most of it’s army and allies and lost it’s democracy for a short period of time.

Sparta became supreme power, but for a short time because war weakened it.

Left it open for Macedonia.

Art and architecture-Destini-Victor-Kayla-Tony

Persian War-Ivan-Ashliyah-Jamie-Jenny

Peloponnesian War-Sedravius-Jazmin-Anatacia-Jerry

Sparta and Athens-Amanda-Arath-Bruce-Jadarrien

Scientific advancements-Donuvan-Kalonna-JesseJanhiyah

Philosopher-Tearis-Jai-Aylah-Connie

Alexander the Great/Hellenistic Period-Steven-Jordan-Karla-Brichet

1)What is a city-state?2) What are two civilizations that we

have discussed that emphasized this model?

3) When might the city states work together( hint it was covered in yesterday notes)?

Each city-state (polis) had its own personality, goals, laws and customs. Ancient Greeks were very loyal to their city-state. ’

The city-states had many things in common. All believed in the same

gods. Spoke the same language.

Ancient Greeks were extremely loyal to their city-state

The city-states might band together to fight a common foe. But they also went to war with each other.

Monarchy: Rule by a kingOligarchy: Rule by a small group

Tyranny: Rule by a dictatorDemocracy: Rule by the citizens, voting in an assembly

Athens started as a small village, home to a tribe of Ionian people.

Athenians thought of themselves as the shining star of the Greek city-states.

They were famed for their literature, poetry, drama, theatre, schools, buildings, and government. 

The Greeks believed that each city-state in ancient Greece had a god or a goddess in charge of it, their special patron. For Athens, the patron was

Athena, goddess of wisdom. Therefore, Athenians put a

great deal of emphasis on education.  

Argos

Megara

Corinth

Poseidon- god of the sea.

Hera-goddess of marriage

Apollo-god of prophecy and the sun.

Direct Democracy - A government in which people vote to make their own rules and laws

Representative Democracy - A government in which people vote for representatives. The representatives make rules and laws that govern themselves and the people.

BOYS GIRLS

Boys were educated quite differently. Until age 6 or 7, boys were taught

at home by their mothers. From 7-14, boys attended a day

school outside the home, memorizing Homeric poetry, drama, public speaking, reading, writing, and math.

After, they went to a four year high school and learned more about math, science, and government.

At 18, they attended two years of military school.

Girls learned at home from their mothers. Learned how to run a

home, and how to be good wives and mothers

Sparta began as a small village of Dorian people.  

Spartans endured unbelievable pain and hardship to become a superior Spartan soldier and citizen! 

Sparta's government was an oligarchy. The people were ruled by a small group of warriors.

Sparta’s patron was Aries – god of war

Sparta’s educational system was certainly very different. The goal of Spartan education

was to create a strong warrior. Boys were taken away from

their parents at age 7. They lived a harsh and often

brutal life in the soldiers barracks.

Children were often were whipped in front of groups of other Spartans, including their parents, but they were not allowed to cry out in pain. 

As a coastal city-state, Corinth had a glorious history as a cultural and trade center. Corinth was a monarchy. The people were ruled by a king. The king had many advisors.

Corinth had the problem of foreign money pouring into their polis, therefore the government of Corinth created its own coinage.

Although Corinth's schools were not as fine, as those of Athens, their boys were educated in the arts and the sciences. Young kids were taught at home. From age 7-14, boys attended a

nearby day school, where they studied poetry, drama, public speaking, accounting, reading, writing, math, science, and the flute.

Boys attended a higher school if their parents could afford it.

All boys went to military school for at least two years. 

Literature, culture, art, and businesses thrived in Corinth.

As a coastal town, Megara did a great deal of trading. They had their own coinage, an idea they copied from Corinth (who copied it from Argos).  

They were also explorers. Like all Greeks, they loved to establish new towns. The city-state of Megara founded the city of Byzantium, also called Constantinople, now called Istanbul, way back in 630 BCE.

Megara was a highly respected city-state in ancient Greece. Like nearly all Greek city-states, Megara had beautiful temples, gorgeous statues,

and open-air theatres. They were famous for their glorious textiles.

Boys were trained in the arts and the sciences.

As a child, kids were taught at home by their mother or by a male slave.

From age 7-14, boys attended a day school near their home where they memorized poetry and studied drama, public speaking, reading, writing, science, poetry, the flute, the lyre, and a great deal of mathematics.

Boys then attended a higher school, and went on to military school for at least two years. 

WHAT WERE THEY KNOWN FOR. POLITICS Argos was actively involved in the arts.

Their magnificent stone sculptures of athletes, rippling with stone muscles, were the envy of many a Greek city-state.

Argos was famous for their wonderful musicians and poets. Drama reached new heights in their polis. 

Like all Greek city-states, they had their own way of doing things. Their government was a monarchy.

The ancient city-state of Argos had a nearby harbor for trade and commerce. But Argos was located on a plain. The weather was hot and dry in the summer, and cold and wet in the winter. The soil was not especially fertile. The people of Argos had to fight to grow

food. This they did, quite successfully. 

Many scholars credit Argos with the invention of coinage in ancient Greece

1) Title with the City State Name( and picture) 2). Patron god and why they are so important

to the city. 3) Things that the city is known for, things you

would like to high-light. 4) Education within each city. 5). Political system and picture representation. 6) Compare and contrast this city-state to

another.

1) What is Athena the patron goddess for and why does this matter?

2) How does understanding Greek-City States connect to our lives?

Expectations: Come in and work on work quietly. Don’t throw markers at each-other Don’t use inappropriate language( i.e.

“cusswords”)

For a quiz grade to replace your Brochure grade sit down in your seat and get out a sheet of paper. Write a reflection on what is your goal for this class. If you are: Found silent at your seat Sitting down writing your reflection Not being disruptive to the class Not talking after you’re done writing your

reflectionYou will get a 100 quiz grade. If not it’s a zero.

Cosmetology Criminal Justice Stripper-Jalen

•Leader of Athens through Golden Age•461-429 BC, aka Age of Pericles3 GOALS

(1) strengthen democracy(2) hold and strengthen empire(3) glorify Athens

Philosophers – “lovers of wisdom”

phileo = lovesophia = wisdom

Choose a side for agree or disagree for this statement:

If you did something before somebody, you will be better at it than they are.

Earliest known philosopher

Studied Egyptian and Babylonian astronomy and mathematics

Believed that the universe was controlled by fixed laws

Basic element – water

The universe could only be understood thru numbers..

Each planet produces a tone!

Famous for the Pythagorean

Theorem: a2 + b2 = c2

Pythagorean Theorem: a2 + b2 = c2

a2c2

b2

What do you need for a happy and safe life?

Believed that reason and knowledge should be used to achieve a comfortable, safe, and happy life.

Teachings to equip citizens for life in the polis:

1. Public speaking – oratory and rhetoric2. Politics3. Grammar – language4. The art of being respectable

Plato named one of his dialogues after him.

Should you listen to doctors. Why or why not?

Founded a school of medicine Rejected that sickness comes

from the gods Careful observations of

symptoms Acute Chronic

“Holistic” healing Hygiene Diet Curative powers of nature

The Hippocratic Oath

One of the most prominent mathematicians

Wrote The Elements Widely used till about 1903. 2nd only to the Bible in numbers of

translations, publications, and study

Greek – Arabic – Latin

“There is No Royal Road to geometry!”

Greek mathematician – Geometry War machines and other devices Theory of buoyancy - “Eureka!” Law of the lever Archimedean screw

Socrates Plato Aristotle

“ Why is an awful lot of question.” What does this quote mean and more importantly why does it matter.

Encouraged students to think Left no writings Dialectic method

Conversational Based upon reason and logic

Popular among the youth a “gadfly” in Athens Placed on trial for impiety and

corrupting the youth Was executed in 399 – drank poison

hemlock

What is tradition and why do we keep them? Why is that reason a good reason to keep them?

Socratic Method:I. Admit ignorance.

II. Never rely on tradition.

III. Continuously question.

IV. Formulate your own opinions.

V. Test your opinions with others.

Preserved and perpetuated the work of Socrates

Most important source of info on Socrates

Founded the Academy Wrote dialogues

Universal Forms was a recurring theme

The Republic – most important dialogue

“Those things which are beautiful are also difficult.”

Those things which are beautiful are also difficult.”-So do you agree with this statement.

Most famous student of Plato

Most famous teacher of Alexander the Great

Developed Logic as a field of study

Devised a complex system of classification

Used in biology

Views on Government

Views on Government

3 Good Governments: Monarchy Aristocracy Democracy

3 Bad Governments: Tyranny Oligarchy Mob Rule

“All things in moderation”

“Man is by nature a political animal.”

First person to use the word “Geography” in Greek.

Created Latitude and Longitude

Calculated the Circumference of the Earth.

2nd and 3rd period: 1)Pythagoras came up

with what theorem. What is does theorem look like?

2)” There is no Royal Road to Geometry”-Who said this and what does it mean?

3) What does philosopher mean?

4th periodWhat problems have

arose as you worked on your group project?

Write down what does the word greatness mean to you.

Is Alexander the Great really all that Great?

Kingdom of Macedonia was north of Greece

Macedonians were considered barbaric and not worthy of Greek attention

Macedonians had their own problems dealing with invasions from Europe and constant fighting amongst themselves

Assumed power in 359 BCE

Skilled politician and master of Greek warfare who seeks to exploit weaknesses of many Greek poleis

Greece was weak from constant cycle of warfare.

He is skilled and daring enough to seize the entire Greek peleponese

Army of Macedonia had many strengths Army was based on

heavy and light cavalry supported by hoplite phalanxes.

Phalanx consisted of Greek soldiers in a tight formation of shields and long lances.

Macedonians breed for war .

Phillip of Macedonia controls Greece by 339 B.C. through conquest and by promising to remove Persian presence from Greece

He assassinated before daughters wedding in 338 B.C. (alleged that Alexander had role in his death)

Alexander assumes throne at 20 years of age

Alexander is an experienced commander and determined to prove himself

Calls for Greek troops but is ignored by Greek poleis

Massacres the polis Thebes in 335 B.C.to send a message

His army swells with Greek troops who fear him

Alexander invades Persia and at Battle of The Granicus 334B.C. defeats an army of 110,000

He moves into Egypt and is proclaimed pharaoh

Builds the famous lighthouse of Alexandria

Considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World

Alexander seeks to conqueror Babylon in 334 B.C.

Persian Emperor Darius fails to stop the Greeks from moving into the heart of his kingdom

331 B.C. Battle of Issus Alexander crushes the Persian army led by Darius who flees the field of battle

Darius is eventually killed by own troops to appease Alexander

Alexander conquerors the Persian empire and becomes infatuated with Persian life

Convinced he is destined to conqueror the world

He conquerors Afghanistan and Pakistan until he ventures into India past the Indus River Valley

India proves to be more than a challenge

Alexander’s army refuses to go any further

He seeks to punish his men by returning through the deserts of Pakistan and loses 50% of his men

Returns to Babylon by 324 B.C. and seeks to merge the Greek and Persian empires into one

323 B.C. Alexander seeks to cross into Arabia and beyond

The Greek army is exhausted and on the brink of mutiny

Alexander mysteriously dies before his plans are complete

Death is a mystery

A magnificent general and leader whose accomplishments of war are still studied

He helped spread Greek culture throughout the Middle East

He built over 70 cities along trade routes using Greek style including bathes and gymnasiums which contribute to cultural exchange

Introduced the Hellenistic Age it was the mixture of Greek and Persian culture that produced new ideas on civilization

This lead to the birth of cosmopolitan cities

Shortcoming was that he was not concerned with ruling an empire

Pg. 155 1-2a. All parts. Write down questions.

This is due at the end of class and will be graded.