war field land rover that alerts on sensing

7/31/2019 War Field Land Rover That Alerts on Sensing

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5/17/12

WAR FIELD LAND

ROVER THAT ALERTS

ON SENSING PLANTED

LAND MINE AHEAD

Submitted by:


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contents

Project overview

Block diagram

Microcontroller 2051

Microcontroller 8052RF Remote control

RF modules

Motor Driver ICMetal detector

Software requirements

Schematic & Working of the project


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Project overview

Here is an war field land rover that alerts onsensing planted land mine ahead controlledremotely using primarily the RF mode.

The RF remote control has the advantage of

adequate range (up to 200 metres withproper antennae) besides beingomnidirectional.

On the other hand, an IR remote would

function over a limited range of about 5metres and the remote transmitter has to beoriented towards the receiver module quiteprecisely.

However, the cost involved in using RF


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Block diagram

Transmitter:


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Block diagram

Receiver:


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Microcontroller

It is a smaller computer

Has on-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...

RAM ROM

I/OPort

TimerSerialCOMPort

Microcontroller

CPU

A single chip


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Features of MC 2051

The 2051 is a 20 pin version of the 8051.

Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24 MHz

Two-level Program Memory Lock

128 x 8-bit Internal RAM

15 Programmable I/O Lines

Two 16-bit Timer/Counters

Six Interrupt SourcesProgrammable Serial UART Channel

Direct LED Drive Outputs

On-chip Analog Comparator


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2051 Pin-out


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Features of MC 8052

8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP)Flash Memory

4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range

Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz

256 x 8-bit Internal RAM

32 Programmable I/O Lines

Three 16-bit Timer/Counters

Eight Interrupt Sources

Full Duplex UART Serial Channel


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Block diagram of mc

CPU

On-chipRAM

On-chipROM forprogramcode

4 I/O Ports

Timer 0

Serial

PortOSC

Interrupt

Control

External interrupts

Timer 1

Timer/Counter

Bus

Control

TxD RxDP0 P1 P2 P3

Address/Data

CounterInputs


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Pin out of 8052


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Rf remote control

The circuit uses HT 12E, HT 12D encoder anddecoder.

433MHz ASK transmitter and receiver is used

for the remote control.


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RF ENCODER & decoder

The HT 12E Encoder ICs are series of CMOSLSIs for Remote Control system applications.They are capable of Encoding 12 bit ofinformation which consists of N address bitsand 12-N data bits.

The HT 12D ICs are series of CMOS LSIs forremote control system applications.

This ICs are paired with each other. For

proper operation a pair of encoder/decoderwith the same number of address and dataformat should be selected.

The Decoder receive the serial address and

data from its corresponding encoder,


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MOTOR driver l293d

L293D is a dual H-bridge motor

driver integrated circuit (IC).

Motor drivers act as currentamplifiers since they take alow-current control signal andprovide a higher-current signal.

This higher current signal isused to drive the motors.

L293D contains two inbuilt H-bridge driver circuits. In

its common mode of operation, two DC motors can bedriven simultaneously, both in forward and reversedirection.


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Operation of motor driver

L293D has 2 set of

arrangements where oneset has input 1, input 2,output 1 and output 2and other set has input 3,

input 4, output 3 andoutput 4, according toblock diagram if pin no 2& 7 are high then pin no 3

& 6 are also high.

If enable 1 and pinnumber 2 are high leaving

pin number 7 as low thent e motor rotates n


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Contd..

If enable 1 and pin number 2 are lowleaving pin number 7 as high then themotor rotates in reverse direction.

If enable 2 and pin number 15 are highleaving pin number 10 as low then themotor rotates in forward direction.


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Metal detectorThe operation of metal detectors is

based upon the principles ofelectromagnetic induction.

The single-coil detector is the one

used in a real metal detector. A pulsing current is applied to the

coil, which then induces a magneticfield.

When the magnetic field of the coilmoves across metal, such as thecoin, the field induces eddycurrents in the coin.

The edd currents induce their own


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Schematic diagram


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Working of project

The project uses HT12E Encoder which

converts 4 bit data to serial output which isthen fed to the RF module for transmittingthe same to be received by the receiver RFmodule the output of which is fed to HT12D

the serial decoder IC, the output of which isfed to controller pin 1-4.

The transmitting end MC is connected to aset of pushbutton switches. Thus while aparticular button is pressed the programexecuted delivers corresponding 4-bit datawhich are then transmitted serially.

The data so received at the receiver end ofort 1 o erates the motor throu h motor


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Contd..The transmitter is powered by a 6v battery in

series with a silicon diode to finally developrequired voltage for microcontroller circuit.

The receiver is powered by a 12v battery inseries with a silicon diode to protect thecircuits from accidental reverse batteryconnection.

5V DC out of the 12V available from regulator

IC 7805 is fed to the controller, decoder, themotor driver IC L293D pin 8 for operation ofthe motor.


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Contd..

A metal detector circuit is used that uses atuned circuit comprising of a coil.

Two capacitors C2 and C3 determining aspecific resonant frequency of oscillator by Q4.

The sensitivity of which is adjusted by apotentiometer of 5k.

The output of this resonant circuit is fed to Q2which quarter in emitter follower configuration

with appropriate filtering to forward bias Q3that forces Q4 to be not in condition stage thusthe buzzer connected from positive supply tothe collector of Q4 does not get any power so

doesnt sound.


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Software requirements

Keil an ARM Company makes C compilers,

macro assemblers, real-time kernels,

debuggers, simulators, integratedenvironments, evaluation boards, and

emulators for ARM7/ARM9/Cortex-M3,

XC16x/C16x/ST10, 251, and 8051 MCU

families.

Compilers are programs used to convert a

Contd


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Contd.. i.e the programs written in one of the HLL like

C will compile the code to run on the system

for a particular processor like x86 (underlying

microprocessor in the computer).

For example compilers for Dos platform is

different from the Compilers for Unix

platform So if one wants to define a compiler

then compiler is a program that translates

source code into object code.


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advantages


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applications


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Future scope


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Conclusion


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war field land rover that alerts on sensing

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