VONTRON TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.VONTRON TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

ENGINEERING CASES

“Municipal Sewage Effluent Reuse

For

Th l P Pl t"Thermal Power Plant"

Latest : Dec 1th 2009Latest : Dec 1th, 2009

Dalian Thermal Power Plant

Dalian Thermal Power used tap water, treated with the technology of“pretreatment + cation bed + anion bed + mixed bed”, as the circulating coolingp g gwater and boiler makeup water. In order to reduce the costs and consumption ofwater, Dalian Thermal Power established a RO-based system for reuse of water in2007, and this system has been in stable operation for nearly 3 years.

Total Investment: RMB 28,600,000.00Capacity: 12960 T/DCapacity: 12960 T/DOutput: 9600 T/DDate of Construction: March 26, 2006Date of Operation: January 21 2007Date of Operation: January 21, 2007

Process Flow NaOCl

斜 纤

次

氯

酸

钠

Slant Plate Clarifier Fiber Filter

生

化

塔

斜板沉降

二级处理用水

纤

维

过

滤

钠

Second-stage Treated Water 塔 降池 滤

器还

原

Biochem Tower

g

Reductant

反 渗 透工业用水 砂滤池保安过滤器

原

剂Industrial Water RO Cartridge Filter

S d Filt

The RO system includes 4 trains of RO membrane, with each train having a designed output

Sand Filter

of 100m3/h. Each train consists of 175 pcs of 8-inch elements contained in 25 housings, witheach housing containing 7 pcs, laid in a 2-stage array of 17:8. Two trains were installed in thefirst phase, with one train using Vontron’s FR11-8040 and another one using a foreign brand.System recovery was set at 70%System recovery was set at 70%.

Raw Water

With a treatment capacity of 13000T/D, the water recycling plant used the Class-2effluent from Chunliuhe Wastewater Treatment Plant as the raw water with the followingeffluent from Chunliuhe Wastewater Treatment Plant as the raw water, with the followingquality indexes:

Item Value Item ValuepH 6－9 COD（cr） 80 mg/L

Turbidity 10 NTU Ammonia Nitrogen 18 mg/L

TDS 1000 mg/L Total Nitrogen 35 mg/L

SS 30 mg/L Total Phosphorus 5 mg/L

BOD5 30 mg/L Total Hardness 180 mg/L

Requirements of Water Quality for Cooling Purpose

Item Once Through Cooling Makeup Water for

Requirements of Water Quality for Cooling Purpose

Item Once-Through Cooling Water

Makeup Water for Recirculating Cooling

Water System

pH 6 0－9 0 6 5－9 0pH 6.0 9.0 6.5 9.0

SS ≤30

BOD5 ≤30 10

COD（Cr） 60

Total Hardness ≤850 450(In term of CaCO3）Ammonia Nitrogen 10

Dissol ed Solids ≤1000 1000Dissolved Solids ≤1000 1000

Notes: 1) When a copper thermal exchanger is used in the recirculating cooling system, the ammonia nitrogen shall be less than 1mg/L 2) All al es are in mg/L e cept pHammonia nitrogen shall be less than 1mg/L. 2) All values are in mg/L except pH.

Feedwater Quality Indexes of RO SystemFeedwater Quality Indexes of RO System

After pretreatment, the feedwater is improved to obtain the following indexes:

Item Value Item ValuepH 6－9 COD（cr） 3－10 mg/LpH 6 9 COD（cr） 3 10 mg/L

SDI 3－5 ORP < 200 mv

TDS ≤ 1000 mg/L Total Iron 30 µg/L

Conductivity 1000－2000 µs/cm Total Hardness 5.1 mg/L

Ammonia i

4.5-7.5 mg/L Manganese < 0.05 mg/LNitrogen

TOC 3－6 mg/L

Basic Performance of FR SeriesBasic Performance of FR SeriesTesting Conditions: Testing Pressure ---- 255psi(1.55Mpa)255psi(1.55Mpa)

Testing Temperature Testing Temperature ---- 2525℃℃；；

Concentration of Test Fluid Concentration of Test Fluid ---- 2000ppm2000ppm；；

pH of Test Solution pH of Test Solution ---- 7.57.5；；Recovery of Single Element Recovery of Single Element ---- 15 % 15 % Residual Chlorine of Residual Chlorine of FeedwaterFeedwater：：≤≤0.1ppm0.1ppm

Element Model Active Membrane Area Ft2(m2)

Average PermeateGPD（m3/d）

Regular Rejection (%)

Min. Rejection (%)

FR11-8040 365(33.9) 9600(36.3) 99.5 99.3

FR11-4040 85(7.9) 2200(8.3) 99.5 99.3( ) ( )

The FR series is applicable to water treatment for industrial purpose, such as recycled water reuseand boiler makeup water, etc., and is especially applicable to treatment of industrial wastewater,municipal sewage and other water with slight contamination.

Feedwater Flow, Permeate Flow and Recovery Rate of RO System

120

140

Inlet Flow 95

100

80

100

hr) Permeate Flow 85

90

Re

60

80

low

(m3/

h

Recovery75

80

ecovery (%

20

40

F Recovery

65

70

%)

0 100 200 300 400 5000 60

65

Time (days)It can be seen from the figure that the system permeate is fluctuant, which is obviouslyinterrelated to local weather conditions of Dalian. Average system permeate is about 80T/h, and

t i i t l 70% S t t tt t l ith th ti fsystem recovery is approximately 70%. System permeate attenuates along with the time ofoperation but remains stable.

Conductivity and Rejection Rate of RO Feedwater and Permeate

1800

2000Rejection

100

O eedwate a d e eate

1200

1400

1600/c

m)

Conductivity(in)

96

98

R

800

1000

1200

duct

ivity

(us

94

96

Rejection (%

20

30Con

d

Conductivity(permeate) 92

%)

0 100 200 300 400 5000

10

Time (days)

90

Time (days)

It can be seen from the figure that the system rejection rate is relatively low in the beginning(around 98.5%), and rises to around 99% and becomes stable after a period of operation. Thisis because the dry-type membrane has a low rejection rate at the beginning of use andis because the dry type membrane has a low rejection rate at the beginning of use andrequires a period of operation to obtain stable properties.

Feedwater Temperature and System Permeate Flow

90

100

Flow

50

60

70

80r) 30

40

T

40

50

60

ow (m

3/hr

Temperature20

30

Temperatu

20

30Flo

10

re

0 100 200 300 400 5000

10

0

Time (days)It can be found from the figure that the system permeate flow increases along with the rise offeedwater temperature and decreases along with the falling of feedwater temperature. The Ro

t i l diti Thi fi h th t th RO t i lsystem runs in normal condition. This figure shows that the RO system runs in normalcondition.

Comparison between Two RO SystemsComparison between Two RO Systems

Comparison of Normalized Permeate Flow

120

130

140VONTRONOTHER

Permeate Flow

80

90

100

110

50

60

70

80

Flow

(T/H

)

20

30

40

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 5500

10

Time(days)( y )

It can be seen from the figure that Vontron’s FR membranes have stable permeate flow in long-term operation, while the membranes of a well-know foreign brand have a fluctuant permeateflow Both systems decreases in permeate flow after 400 days because of the drop of bioactivityflow. Both systems decreases in permeate flow after 400 days because of the drop of bioactivityof biochemical tower.

Normalization Formula

Membrane Area

Temperature Correction Factor of Permeate Water

Fouling Factor

Permeate-side Osmotic PressureO

Permeate-side Pressure

Comparison of Normalized Rejection Rate

98

99

100

96

97

98

VONTRONOTHER(%

)

93

94

95

Rej

ectio

n

90

91

92

0 100 200 300 400 50090

Time (days)

It shows in the figure that both systems remain above 98% rejection after two years of operation and run consistently, while Vontron’s FR system remains above 98.5, higher than the foreign brandthe foreign brand.

Permeate Water QualityPermeate Water Quality

Item Value Item Value

pH 5.5－6.5 COD（cr） 无pH 5.5 6.5 COD（cr） 无

TDS 3－12 mg/L Total Nitrogen 2.25 mg/L

Conductivity 5－20 µs/cm Total Hardness 5.1 mg/L

Ammonia Nit

0.28 mg/L TOC 无Nitrogen

I b f h fi h h li f RO d i h hi h h h iIt can be seen from the figure that the quality of RO product water is much higher than what is required in the recirculating cooling water.

Efficiency Analysis

Based upon the depreciation of fixed assets, the energy consumption,h h i l i d h l b h f dthe chemical consumption and the labor cost, etc., the cost of product water

is RMB 2.70/T (including RMB 0.48 for raw water), comparing with RMB4.42/T of local tap water. This RO project can save 3.2 million tons of tapwater annually, saving RMB 5.5 million. Considering the saving of RMB3.4 million annually in the subsequent treatment, this project brings about atotal saving of RMB 8.9 million, and the investment can be recoveredg ,within 3 years. Besides, this project has a treatment capacity of 4.8 milliontons of Class-2 effluent water, thus reducing at least 300 tons of CODemission and 140 tons of ammonia nitrogen emissionemission and 140 tons of ammonia nitrogen emission.

Conclusion1）Using the Class-2 effluent of municipal sewage plant as raw water, theproduct water treated through [biochemical tower] [2 stage filtration] [ROproduct water treated through [biochemical tower] – [2-stage filtration] – [ROtreatment] is recycled and reused in recirculating cooling water system forpower plant. Two years of stable running testifies the technical feasibility ofRO tRO system.2）The use of recycled water brings about the reduction of emission andincrease of efficiency, and has obvious environmental and economic benefits.yThis new mode of water recirculation can be popularized for municipalpurpose.3）Two years of operation in comparison show that Vontron’s FR11 8040 is3）Two years of operation in comparison show that Vontron s FR11-8040 isat the same level of properties and long-term stability with foreign well-knowbrand.

Thank you!Thank you!