voith high performance universal joint shafts

7/27/2019 Voith High Performance Universal Joint Shafts

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High-Performance Universal Joint Shafts

Products | Engineering | Service


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Universal Joint Shafts and Hirth Couplings

We are the experts for cardanic power transmission components and Hirth couplings at

Voith Turbo.

Voith Turbo, the specialist for hydrodynamic drive, coupling and braking systems for road,

rail and industrial applications, as well as for ship propulsion systems, is a Group Division

of Voith AG.

Voith is one of the largest family-owned companies in Europe with a workforce of around

39,000, EUR 5.1 billion in sales in the 2008/2009 fiscal year and 280 sites worldwide. The

company is active in the energy, oil and gas, paper and raw materials as well as transpor-

tation and automotive markets around the world.


3/723Voith Turbo I High-Performance Universal Joint Shafts I G 830 en

Contents

1 Voith high-performance universal joint

shafts What makes them unique? 4

2 Range 6

3 Designs 8

4 Applications 9

5 Definitions and abbreviations 12

5.1 Lengths 12

5.2 Torque loads 13

6 Technical data 14

6.1 Series S 14

6.2 Series M 16

6.3 Series W 18

6.4 Series H 20

6.5 Series E 22

7 Complementing products and services 24

7.1 Engineering 24

7.2 Connecting components for universal

joint shafts

25

7.3 Quick-release coupling GT 26

7.4 Voith Hirth serrations 27

7.5 Universal joint shafts supports 28

7.6 Safeset safety couplings 29

7.7 ACIDA torque monitoring systems 30

8 Engineering basics 31

8.1 Major components of a Voith universal

joint shaft

31

8.2 Length compensation with SAE orinvolute profile 32

8.3 Kinematics of the universal joint 34

8.4 Two universal joints 37

8.5 Bearing forces on input and output shafts 38

8.6 Balancing of universal joint shafts 41

9 Selection Aids 42

9.1 Definitions of operating variables 42

9.2 Size selection 44

9.3 Operating speeds 47

9.4 Masses and mass moments of inertia 50

9.5 Installation: Connecting flanges, bolted

connections 54

10 Service 58

10.1 Installation and commissioning 59

10.2 Training 60

10.3 Voith genuine spare parts 61

10.4 Overhaul, maintenance 6210.5 Repairs, maintenance 63

10.6 Modernization, retrofits 64

11 High-performance lubricant

for universal joint shafts 65

12 Quality Environment Safety 67

12.1 Quality 68

12.2 Environment 69

12.3 Occupational health and safety 70


4/724 Voith Turbo I High-Performance Universal Joint Shafts I G 830 en

1 Voith high-performance universal joint shafts

What makes them unique?

Features Advantages

nClosed bearing eye nHeavy-duty cross-sections without joints or bolts

nMinimal notch stresses

nEnclosed seal surfaces

nDrop-forged journal crosses nBest possible torque capacity

nFEM-optimized geometry nOptimal design for torque transmission

nMinimal notch stresses

nHigh strength tempering and case hardened steels nCapability to withstand high static and dynamic

loads

nLoad-optimized welded joints nOptimal design for torque transmission

nLength compensation with SAE profile (straight flank profile)

for larger series

nLow normal forces and thus lower displacement

forces

nLow surface pressure

nHigh wear resistance

nPatented balancing procedure nDynamic balancing in two planes

nBalancing mass where unbalanced forces act

nEngineering and product from a single source nOne contact person when designing the drive line

nCertifications and classifications for rail vehicles and marine vessels nOfficially approved product

nMade in Germany nSeal of approval for quality, efficiency and

precision

n

"Engineered reliability" n

Competent and trustworthy partner

Assembly building for Voith universal joint shafts Welding robot



Benefits

nProductivity increase

nLong service life

nEase of movement

nLong service life

nExtremely smooth operation

nTime and cost savings

nCombined responsibility

nTime and cost savings

nReliability

n

Innovative product and system solutions

Balancing machine Shipping



Series Torque rangeMz[kNm]

Flange diametera [mm]

S

0.25 to 275 58 to 435

M

32 to 143 225 to 350

W

55 to 1,000 225 to 550

H

260 to 10,000 350 to 1400

E

over 16,000 up to 1300

2 Range

Voith high-performance universal joint shafts offer an ideal combination

of torque capacity, torsional rigidity and deflection resistance. We supplystandard universal joint shafts, customer-specific adaptations as well as

special designs. Technical consultation, simulation of torsional vibrations

and measurement of operating parameters complete our range of services.



Features Applications

nStandard design of Voith universal joint shafts

nNon-split bearing eyes thanks to single-piece forged flange yokenLength compensation with involute profile

nPaper machines

nPumpsnGeneral industrial machinery

nMarine vessels

nRail vehicles

nTest stands

nConstruction machinery and cranes

nOptimized torsional rigidity and deflection resistance in a low-weight design

nParticularly suitable for use with high-speed drives

nLow-maintenance length compensation using plastic-coated (Rilsan)

involute profile

nPaper machines

nPumps

nGeneral industrial machinery

nMarine vessels

nRail vehicles

nHigh torque capacity

nOptimized bearing life

nFlange with face key, flange with Hirth coupling upon request

nLength compensation with involute profile up to size 390; from size 440 with

SAE-profile (straight flank profile, see page 32)

nRolling mill drives

nHeavy-duty drives in general engineering

nVery high torque capacity

nOptimized bearing life

nFlange with Hirth coupling to transmit maximum torque

nLength compensation with SAE -profile (straight flank profile, see page 32)

nRolling mill drives

nConstruction of heavy machinery

nMaximum torque capacity

nOptimized bearings for exceptionally demanding requirements

nPatented 2-piece flange yoke

nFlange with Hirth coupling to transmit maximum torque

nLength compensation with SAE profile (straight flank profile, see page 32)

nHeavy-duty rolling mill drives



Type Description

T Universal joint shaft with standard

length compensation

TL Universal joint shaft with

extra-long length compensation

TK Universal joint shaft with short-

coupled length compensation

TR Universal joint shaft with

tripod length compensation

Technical data:

Please request separate catalog

F Universal joint shaft without

length compensation

(fixed-length shaft)

G Joint coupling:

short, separable joint shaft

without length compensation

FZ Intermediate shaft with a joint

head and bearing

Z Intermediate shaft with double

bearing

3 Designs

Example of type designation STL1 250.8:

Size 250 (flange diameter 250 mm)

Universal joint shaft with extra-long length compensation

"S" Series universal joint shaft

S TL1 250.8



4 Applications

Rolling mills (horizontal rolling stand) Rolling mills (vertical rolling stand)

Paper machines



Pumps

Rail drive lines

Test stands



Special drives (winding gear)

Marine propulsion



Universal joint shaft with length compensation Universal joint shaft without length compensation

lB: Operating length

(to be provided with order.)

lz: Shortest length of the universal joint shaft (collapsed)

lv: Available length compensation

The distance between the driving and driven machines,

together with any length changes during operation,

determines the operating length:

Optimum operating length: lB,optlz+lv__3

Maximum permissible operating length: lB,max= lz+ lv

lB: Operating length, corresponds to the universal

joint shaft length l (to be provided with order.)

5 Definitions and abbreviations

5.1 Lengths

lB,max

lz lv lB(=l)



Designation Explanation

Components

MDW Is the reversing fatigue torque rating.

The shaft will have infinite fatigue life

up to this torque.

MDS Is the pulsating one-way fatigue torque rating.

The shaft will have infinite fatigue life up to

this torque level.

Here: MDS1.5 MDW

MK Maximum permissible torque.

Above this value, plastic deformation may

occur.

Bearing

MZ Permissible torque for rarely occurring peak

loads. At torque values above MZ, the bearing

tracks might suffer from plastic deformation.

This can lead to shorter bearing life.

Flange connections

Designed individually

5.2 Torque loads

Note:

MDW, MDSand MZare load limits for the

universal joint shaft. For torque values near

the load limit, the transmission capability of the

flange connection must be checked, especially

when Hirth serrations are not being used.

M (t)

MDS

MDW

0t



6 Technical data

6.1 Series S

SF

l

SG

lfix

SFZ

ld

l

taga

d

General data ST

Size Mz

[kNm]

MDW

[kNm]

CR

[kNm]

max

[]

a k b 0.1 c H7 h C12 lm r t z g LA lv Iz min

058.1 0.25 0.08 0.09 30 58 52 47 30 5 30 28x1.5 1.5 4 3.5 A, B 25 240

065.1 0.52 0.16 0.16 30 65 60 52 35 6 32 32x1.5 1.7 4 4 A, B 30 260

075.1 1.2 0.37 0.23 30 75 70 62 42 6 36 40x2 2.2 6 5.5 A, B 35 300

090.2 2.2 0.68 0.44 20 90 86 74.5 47 8 42 50x2 2.5 4 6 A, B, C 40 350

100.2 3.0 0.92 0.62 20 100 98 84 57 8 46 50x3 2.5 6 7 A, B, C 40 375

120.2 4.4 1.3 0.88 20 120 115 101.5 75 10 60 60x4 2.5 8 8 A, B, C 60 475

120.5 5.4 1.6 1.4 20 120 125 101.5 75 10 60 70x4 2.5 8 9 A, B, C 60 495

150.2 7.1 2.2 2.0 20 150 138 130 90 12 65 80x4 3 8 10 C 110 550

150.3 11 3.3 2.6 35 150 150 130 90 12 90 90x4 3 8 12 C 110 745

150.5 13 4.3 3.3 30 150 158 130 90 12 86 100x5 3 8 12 C 110 660

180.5 22 6.7 4.6 30 180 178 155.5 110 14 96 110x6 3.6 8 14 C 110 740

225.7 35 11 6.9 30 225 204 196 140 16 110 120x6 5 8 15 C 140 830

250.8 45 23 11.4 15 250 208 218 140 18 120 152.4x14.2 6 8 18 B, C 140 920

285.8 70 35 19.1 15 285 250 245 175 20 140 165.1x14.2 7 8 20 B, C 140 1035

315.8 100 50 26.4 15 315 285 280 175 22 160 193.7x14.2 7 8 22 B, C 140 1190

350.8 143 71 36.6 15 350 315 310 220 22 180 219.1x16 8 10 25 B, C 140 1315

390.8 200 100 48.3 15 390 350 345 250 24 194 244.5x20 8 10 32 B, C 150 1410

435.8 275 138 67.1 15 435 390 385 280 27 215 267x25 10 10 40 B, C 170 1590

Dimensions in mm



lz

t

lm

lvg

h

b

c

k

r

b

z=4

45

h

b

z=6

60

h

b

z=8

22.545

h

b

z=10

36

36

a

ST/STL/STK

SZ

ta

l

ld

ga

d

STL 2 STK 1 STK 2 STK 3 STK 4* SF SG SFZ SZ SFZ, SZ

Iz min LA lv Iz min LA lv Iz fix LA lv Iz fix LA lv Iz fix LA lv Iz fix Imin Ifix Imin Imin Id d ga ta

z and lvvary,

es upon request

B 25 215 B 25 195 B 25 175 B 20 165 160 120

B 30 235 B 30 220 B 30 200 B 20 180 165 128

B 35 270 B 35 250 B 35 225 B 25 200 200 144

B, C 40 310 B, C 40 280 B, C 40 250 B, C 25 225 216 168

B, C 40 340 B, C 40 310 B, C 40 280 B, C 30 255 250 184

B, C 60 430 B, C 60 400 B, C 50 360 B, C 35 325 301 240

B, C 60 450 B, C 60 420 B, C 50 375 B, C 35 345 307 240

C 80 490 C 80 460 C 80 400 C 40 360 345 260

C 110 680 C 110 640 C 80 585 C 40 545 455 360

C 110 600 C 80 555 C 45 495 C 40 400 430 344

C 110 650 C 60 600 C 45 560 C 60 500 465 384

1144 A, D 680 1444 C 110 720 C 80 650 C 55 600 C 40 550 520 440 533 586 171 80 25 4

1200 A, D 670 1500 B, C 85 840 B, C 85 780 B, C 85 710 B, C 70 640 520 480 626 732 229 90 32 5

1280 A, D 670 1580 B, C 100 855 B, C 100 795 B, C 60 735 620 560 716 812 251 110 34 6

1430 A, D 770 1830 B, C 120 1025 B, C 120 950 B, C 80 880 720 640 804 883 277 130 42 6

1570 A, D 770 1970 B, C 130 1160 B, C 130 1070 B, C 90 980 805 720 912 1019 316.5 160 45 7

1690 A, D 800 2090 B, C 105 1280 B, C 105 1170 B, C 90 1070 855 776 980 1087 344.5 200 48 7

1845 A, D 800 2245 B, C 150 1400 B, C 150 1300 B, C 90 1200 955 860 1023 1091 346.5 200 48 9

*shorter lZupon request

LA: Length compensation

A: without profile protection

B: with profile protection

C: Rilsancoating with profile protection

D: Rilsancoating without profile protection



General data

Size Mz

[kNm]

MDW

[kNm]

CR

[kNm]

max

[]

a K b 0.1 c H7 h C12 lm r t z g LA

225.8 32 16 8.6 25 225 198 196 140 16 110 160x10 5 8 15 C

250.8 45 23 11.4 15 250 208 218 140 18 120 170x10 6 8 18 C

285.8 70 35 19.1 15 285 250 245 175 20 140 200x10 7 8 20 C

315.8 100 50 26.4 15 315 285 280 175 22 160 220x10 7 8 22 C

350.8 143 71 36.6 15 350 315 310 220 22 180 240x12.5 8 10 25 C

Dimensions in mm

6.2 Series M

MT

lz

t

lm

lv

g

a

h

bc

k

r

z=8

22.5

h

b

z=10

45

b

36

36

MF

l


17/72



WT/WTL/WTK

lz

t

lm

lv

g

h

bc

k

r

z=8

22.5

h

b

z=10

45

b

3030

z=16

h

b

20

2010

y

x

General data

Size Mz

[kNm]

MDW

[kNm]

CR

[kNm]

max

[]

a K b 0.2 c H7 h lm r t z g x h9 y

225.8 55 26 11.4 15 225 208 196 105 17 120 152.4x14.2 5 8 20 32 9

250.8 80 35 19.1 15 250 250 218 105 19 140 165.1x14.2 6 8 25 40 12.5

285.8 115 50 26.4 15 285 285 245 125 21 160 193.7x14.2 7 8 27 40 15

315.8 170 71 36.6 15 315 315 280 130 23 180 219.1x16 8 10 32 40 15

350.8 225 100 48.3 15 350 350 310 155 23 194 244.5x20 8 10 35 50 16

390.8 325 160 67.1 15 390 390 345 170 25 215 267x25 8 10 40 70 18

440.8 500 250 100 15 435 440 385 190 28 260 323.9x30 10 16 42 80 20

490.8 730 345 130 15 480 490 425 205 31 270 355.6x32 12 16 47 90 22.5

550.8 1000 500 185 15 550 550 492 250 31 305 419x36 12 16 50 100 22.5

Dimensions in mm

6.3 Series W

a



WTL 1 WTL 2 WTK 1 WTK 2 WTK 3 WF WG

Iz min LA lv Iz min LA lv Iz min LA lv Iz fix LA lv Iz fix LA lv Iz fix Imin Ifix

920 A 370 1200 A 670 1500 B 85 840 B 85 780 B 85 710 520 480

1035 A 370 1280 A 670 1580 B 100 855 B 100 795 B 60 735 620 560

1190 A 370 1430 A 770 1830 B 120 1025 B 120 950 B 80 880 720 640

1315 A 370 1570 A 770 1970 B 130 1160 B 130 1070 B 90 980 805 720

1410 A 400 1690 A 800 2090 B 105 1280 B 105 1170 B 90 1070 855 776

1590 A 400 1845 A 800 2245 B 150 1400 B 150 1300 B 90 1200 955 860

1875 A 400 2110 A 800 2510 B 170 1535 B 130 1400 B 70 1300 1155 1040

2040 A 400 2300 A 800 2700 B 180 1780 B 180 1630 B 150 1520 1205 1080

2300 A 400 2500 A 800 2900 B 180 1940 B 100 1770 B 80 1680 1355 1220

LA: Length compensation

A: without profile protection

B: with profile protection

WF

l

WG

lfix


20/72



HF

l

HG

lfix

General data HT HF HG

Size max

[]

a k b 0.2 h lm r z g LA lv Iz min Imin Ifix

30.10 10 820 830 765 39 500 762x60 24 105

Values upon request

2000

60.10 10 850 860 795 39 510 762x60 24 105 2040

90.10 10 880 890 805 45 535 790x75 24 115 2140

20.10 10 910 920 835 45 550 790x75 24 120 2200

50.10 10 940 950 865 45 570 790x85 24 120 2280

80.10 10 970 980 895 45 580 790x85 24 120 2320

10.10 10 1000 1010 920 45 590 865x90 24 130 2360

40.10 10 1030 1040 940 52 620 865x90 24 135 2480

70.10 10 1060 1070 975 52 640 915x90 24 135 2560

90.10 10 1080 1090 995 52 660 966x90 24 145 2640

20.10 10 1110 1120 1025 52 670 966x90 24 145 2680

70.10 10 1160 1170 1065 62 700 1000x90 24 150 2800

00.10 10 1190 1200 1095 62 720 1000x90 24 150 2880

50.10 10 1240 1250 1145 62 740 1100x90 24 160 2960

80.10 10 1270 1280 1175 62 760 1100x90 24 160 3040

20.10 10 1310 1320 1215 62 790 1200x90 24 170 3160

60.10 10 1350 1360 1255 62 815 1200x90 24 170 3260

00.10 10 1390 1400 1285 70 840 1200x90 24 180 3360

LA: Length compensationB: with profile protection



6.5 Series E

Series E high-performanceuniversal joint shaft

Features

Joints n Flange geometry with optimal design for torque transmission

n Reinforced journal crosses

n Optimized cross-sections and transition radii on all torque-transmitting components

n Patented 2-piece flange yoke, serrations aligned on the symmetry axis

n One-piece bearing eye

Bearing technology n Maximum utilization of space available for installation with largest possible bearings and

journal crosses

n Optimized incorporation of bearings

n Best loading at journal cross

n Roller bearings with outer and inner rings

n Optimized rolling element dimensions

n Improved rolling element lubrication

Connection technology n Flange with Hirth coupling

n Full flange design

n ET, EF and EG designs

n Sizes up to 1300

n Torque capacities upon request

Series E high-performance universal joint shafts with size comparison



Advantages Benefits

n Considerably higher torque capacity than previous universal

joint shaft designs

n Optimized to withstand torque peaks


n Long service life

n Lower maintenance costs

n Rolling of high strength steelsn Heavy-duty cross-sections without joints or bolts

n Capability to withstand high static and dynamic loads and

long bearing life

n Long bearing life

n Uniform load distribution throughout bearing

n Capability to withstand high static and dynamic loads

n Individually replaceable roller bearings

n Optimized to withstand torque peaks

n Hydrodynamic lubrication improved

n Reliable transmission of the highest torques

nOptimum centering

n Easy to assemble

n Low assembly and maintenance costs


n No weakening of components as a result of necking or

reduced cross-sections

n Rolling of high strength steels

n Able to withstand overloads

Three-dimensional sectioned model of a Series E joint



7 Complementing products and services

7.1 Engineering

We supply not only products, but also ideas. You too can benefit from our many

years of engineering expertise in all-around project planning of complete drive

systems: from design calculations, installation and commissioning, to questions

about cost-optimized operating as well as maintenance concepts.

Engineering services

n Preparation of specifications

n Preparation of project-specific

drawings

n Torsional and bending vibration

calculations

n Design and sizing of universal

joint shafts and connecting

components

n Clarification of special

requirements from the operator

n Preparation of installation and

maintenance instructions

n Documentation and certificates

n Special acceptance tests

conducted by classifying

and certifying agencies

nCondition monitoring

nTorque measurements

Project planning for a drive line

using CAD software

FEM analysis for a working roll with a split connecting roll end

hub (illustration: roll journal and half of a roll end hub)

Special universal joint shafts

Designing special universal joint

shafts to match your drive system

and your operating conditions is just

one of the everyday engineering

services we offer. These include:

n All necessary design work

n Integrity checks and optimization

of design through application of

FEM analysis

n Reliability trials based on

dynamic testing



7.2 Connecting components for universal joint shafts

Description

Input and output-end connecting

parts to the universal joint shaft

reliably transmit the torque, e.g.:

nRoll end hubs

nConnecting flanges

nAdapter flanges

n Adapters

Features

n Individual adaptation to all

adjoining components

n Precision manufacturing through

the use of state-of-the-art

machining centers

n Transmission of maximum torque

through use of high-quality

materials

n High level of wear resistance

through hardened contact

surfaces

Connecting parts used in rolling mills to connect universal

joint shafts to the rolls (roll end hubs)

Applications

nRolling mills

nPaper machines

n Pumps

n General industrial machinery

nTest stands

n Construction machinery and

cranes


26/72



Positive locking

Fa

Fu

Accurate in

indexing Self-centering

7.4 Voith Hirth serrations

Description

Voith Hirth serrations transmit

maximum torque at specified

diameters.

Applications

n Universal joint shafts with high

torque requirements

n Connecting flange for universal

joint shafts (also when provided

by customer)

nMachine tools

nTurbo compressors

nMeasuring equipment

nRobotic equipment

nNuclear technology

nMedical equipment

n General industrial machinery

Universal joint shaft flanges with

Hirth serration

Schematic diagram

Features

n High level of torque transmission,

as angular surfaces provide

positive locking transmission of

most of the peripheral forces.

Only a small axial force needs

to be absorbed by the bolts.

n Self-centering through use of

optimized tooth geometry

n Highly wear resistance due to the

high load-bearing percentage of

tooth profile

n Excellent repeatable accuracy

as a result of the multiple wedge

design



7.5 Universal joint shaft supports

Description

Universal joint shaft supports,

position and support the universal

joint shafts, including the roll end

hubs and connecting flanges.

Applications

nRolling mills

nCustomer-specific drives

Universal joint shaft support (red) and roll end hub support (yellow)

Features

n Increased productivity and

system availability as a result

of shorter down time for

maintenance

n Reduced energy and lubricant

costs as well as higher trans-

mission efficiency through use of

roller bearings

n Reduced wear as a result of

uniform power transmission



7.6 Safeset safety couplings

Three-dimensional section through a

Safeset safety coupling (type SR-C)

Description

The Safeset coupling is a torque-

limiting safety coupling that imme-

diately interrupts the power trans-

mission of the drive line in the event

of an overload, thus protectingall of

the components such as motor,

gearbox, universal joint shafts etc.

against damage.

Placing the safety coupling between

the joints, what is known as Voith

"integral design", provides smaller

deflection angles in the joints and

thus a longer lifetime of drive line

components.

Applications

n Protects the drive line from

potentially damaging overload

torques

nRolling mills

n Shredders

nCement mills

nSugar mills

nRailway drives

Features

n Adjustable release torque

n Shutdown torque remains

constant

n Backlash-free power transmission

n Compact, lightweight design

n Low mass moment of inertia

n Minimal maintenance required

Torque-limiting Safeset safety coupling (blue) integrated into a Voith

high-performance universal joint shaft


30/72



8 Engineering basics

8.1 Major components of a Voith universal joint shaft

All versions and sizes of Voith universal joint shafts, regardlessof the Series, share many common attributes that contribute to

reliable operation:

n Single-piece yokes and flange yokes

nDrop-forged journal crosses

n Low-maintenance roller bearings with maximum load capacity

n Use of high-strength tempering and hardened steels

n Superior welded joints

1 Flange yoke

2 Journal cross

3 Welded yoke

4 Bearing

5 Tube

6 Splined journal

7 Splined hub

8 Profile protection

9 Dirt scraper

3+5+7 Hub yoke

3+6+8+9 Shaft yoke

9 6 8 3 2 1 4

1 2 4 4 3 5 7



8.2 Length compensation with SAE or involute profile

Involute profileSAE profile (straight flank profile)

Length compensation is required in the universal joint shaft for many

applications. In contrast to other drive elements, length compensation in the

center section and offset are achieved through the joints for universal joint

shafts.

Two types of length compensation are utilized in Voith universal joint shafts:

the SAE profile (straight flank profile) and the involute profile. The universal

joint shaft series and size determine the type of length compensation.

For the loads experienced by smaller universal joint shafts, the involute profile

is a suitable solution with a good cost/benefit ratio. The SAE profile (straight

flank profile) is a better solution for large high-performance universal joint

shafts.

Features

Length compensation with SAE

profile (straight flank profile)

n Straight flank diameter-centered profile

n Almost orthogonal introduction of force

n Large contact surfaces

n Favorable pairing of materials for hub and spline shaft

n Spline shaft nitrated as standard

n Patented lubricating mechanism in the grease distribution groove for uniform distribution

of grease over the entire diameter of the profile



Advantages Benefits

n Separation of torque transmission and centering functions n Long service life

n Low normal forces and thus lower displacement forces nMoves easily

n Low surface pressure n Long service life

n High wear resistance n Long service life

n Tooth shape incorporates lubricant reservoir for reliable

supply of lubricant to sliding surfaces

n Extended maintenance intervals

SAE -profile

(straight flank profile)

Involute profile

FNFUFN> FU

FU

SAE -profile

(straight flank profile)

Involute profile

Centering function

Torque

transmission

Force introduced during torque transmission Torque transmission and centering



8.3 Kinematics of the universal joint

n When the input shaft W1rotates at a constant angular

velocity (v1= const.), the output shaft W2rotates at a

varying angular velocity (v2const.).

n The angular velocity of the output shaft v2and thedifferential angle w= (a1 a2) vary in a sinusoidal

manner, their values depend on the deflection

angle b.

n This characteristic of a universal joint is called the

gimbal error and must be taken into consideration

when selecting a universal joint shaft.

G1 Simple universal joint

W1 Input shaft

W2 Output shaft

a1, a2 Rotation angle

b Deflection angle

M1, M2 Torque

v1, v2 Angular velocityW1

a1

b

G1

W2

a2

M1,v1

M2, v2



n With one rotation of the shaft W1, the differential

angle wchanges four times as does the angular

velocity v2.

n During one rotation, the shaft W2passes through thepoints of maximum acceleration and deceleration

twice.

n At larger deflection angles band higher velocities,

considerable forces can be generated.

The following equations apply:

w = a1 a2 (1)

tan a1_____tana2

= cos b (2)

tan w=tan a1 (cosb 1)________________1 + cos b tan2 a1 (3)

This results in the ratio of the angular velocities

between the two shafts W1and W2:

v2___v1=cos b_______________1 sin2b sin2a1 (4)with the maximum

v2___v1|max= 1_____cosb bei a1= 90 and a1= 270 (4a)and the minimum

v2___v1|min= cos b bei a1= 0 and a1= 180 (4b)

For the torque ratio, the following equation applies:

M2___M1

=v1___v2 (5)

with the maximum

M2___M1

|max=1_____

cos b bei a1= 90 and a1= 270 (5a)

and the minimum

M2___M1|min= cos b bei a1= 0 and a1= 180 (5b)

a1

w

v2___v1

b b b b b

lwmaxlfor b= 12

1 cos 12

0.8

0.4

0

-0.4

-0.8

1,02

1.01

1.00

0.99

0.98

0 90 180 270 360

b= 12

b= 12

b= 6

b= 6



One indicator of the variation is the variation factor U:

U =v2___v1|max v2___v1|min= 1_____cos b cos b = tan b sin b (6)

Finally, for the maximum differential angle wmaxthe

following equation applies:

tan wmax= 1 cos b_________2

_____cos b (7)Conclusion

A single universal joint should be used only if the

following requirements are satisfied:

n The variation in rotational speed of the output shaft

is of secondary importance

n The deflection angle is very small (b < 1)

n The forces transmitted are low.

A. All components of the universal joint shaft lie in one plane

U

wmax

wmax

b

4.4

4.0

3.6

3.2

2.8

2.4

2.0

1.6

1.2

0.8

0.4

0.44

0.40

0.36

0.32

0.28

0.24

0.20

0.16

0.12

0.08

0.04

0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30

U

G1

G2

A



8.4 Double universal joints

Section 8.3 shows that the output shaft W2, when

connected via a single universal joint at a given

deflection angle b, always rotates at the varying

angular velocity v2.

If, however, two universal joints G1and G2are con-

nected together correctly in the form of a universal

joint shaft in a Z or W arrangement, the variations

in the speeds of the input and output shaft cancel

each other completely.

Universal joint shaft in Z arrangement,

input and output shafts lie parallel to one another in one plane

Universal joint shaft in W arrangement,

input and output shafts intersect one another in one plane

Conditions for synchronous rotation of the input

and output shafts:

The three conditions A, B and C ensure that joint G2

operates at a phase shift of 90 and completely com-pensates for the gimbal error of joint G1. This universal

joint shaft arrangement is called the ideal universal joint

shaft arrangement with complete motion compensation.

It is the arrangement to strive for in reality. If only one of

the three conditions is not satisfied, the universal joint

shaft no longer operates at constant input and output

speeds, i.e. no longer operates homo-kinetically. In

such cases, please contact your Voith Turbo repre-

sentative.

B. Both yokes of the center section of the shaft lie in one plane C. The deflection angles b1and b2of the two universal jointsare identical

G1

G2

B

b1

b2

G1

G2

C

b1

b2

b1 b2



Maximum values of radial bearing forces on universal joint shafts in a Z arrangement

a b

Md

A B

L

b1

b2

E F

e fG1

G2

b1b2 b1= b2

a1= 0

B1 F1

A1 E1

A1= Mdb cos b1________

L a (tan b1 tan b2)

B1= Md(a + b) cos b1_____________

L a (tan b1 tan b2)

E1= Md(e + f) cos b1____________

L f (tan b1 tan b2)

F1= Mde cos b1________

L f (tan b1 tan b2)

A1= 0

B1= 0

E1= 0

F1= 0

a1= 90

B2 E2

A2 F2

A2= Mdtan b1______a

B2= Mdtan b1______a

E2= Mdsin b2________

f cos b1

F2= Mdsin b2________

f cos b1

A2= Mdtan b1______a

B2= Mdtan b1______a

E2= Mdtan b1______

f

F2= Mdtan b1______

f

8.5.1 Radial bearing forces

Because of the deflection of the universal joint shaft,

the connection bearings are also subjected to radial

loads. The radial forces on the bearings vary between

0 and their maximum value twice per revolution.

8.5 Bearing forces on input and output shafts



Maximum values of radial bearing forces on universal joint shafts in a W arrangement

a

b

Md

AB

L

b1 b2

EF

e

f

G1 G2

b1b2 b1= b2

a1= 0

B1 F1

A1 E1

A1= Mdb cos b1________

L a (tan b1 tan b2)

B1= Md(a + b) cos b1_____________

L a (tan b1 tan b2)

E1= Md(e + f) cos b1____________

L f (tan b1 tan b2)

F1= Mde cos b1________

L f (tan b1 tan b2)

A1= 2 Mdb sin b1________

L a

B1= 2 Md(a + b) sin b1____________

L a

E1= 2 Md(e + f) sin b1____________

L f

F1= 2 Mde sin b1________

L f

a1= 90

B2 F2

A2 E2

A2= Mdtan b1______a

B2= Mdtan b1______a

E2= Mdsin b2________

f cos b1

F2= Mdsin b2________

f cos b1

A2= Mdtan b1______a

B2= Mdtan b1______a

E2= Mdtan b1______

f

F2= Mdtan b1______

f

Designations and formulasG1, G2 Universal joints

A, B, E, F Connection bearings

Md Input torque

A1/2, B1/2, C1/2, D1/2 Bearing forces

a1 Angle of rotation

b1, b2 Deflection angle



8.5.2 Axial bearing forces

In principle, the kinematics of a universal joint shaft

do not generate any axial forces. Nevertheless, axial

forces that must be absorbed by the connection

bearings arise in universal joint shafts with length

compensation for two reasons:

1. Force Fax,1 as a result of friction in the length

compensation assembly

As the length changes during transmission of torque,

friction is generated between the flanks of the spline

profiles in the length compensation assembly. The

frictional force Fax,1, which acts in an axial direction,

can be calculated using the following equation:

Fax,1= m Md 2

___dm

cos b

Where:

m Coefficient of friction

m

0.110.14 for steel against steel (lubricated) m 0.07 for Rilsan plastic coating against steel

Md Input torque

dm Pitch circle diameter of the spline profile

b Deflection angle

2. Force Fax,2as a result of the pressure build-up

in the length compensation assembly during

lubrication

During lubrication of the length compensation

assembly, an axial force Fax,2arises that depends

on the force applied while lubricating. Please note,

information with regard to this subject is available

in the installation and operating instructions.



Type of machine general examples Balance qualitylevel G

Complete piston engines for cars, trucks and locomotives G 100

Cars. wheels, rims, wheel sets, universal joint shafts; crank drives with mass balancing on elastic mounts G 40

Agricultural machinery; crank drives with mass balancing on rigid mounts; size reduction machinery;

drive shafts (cardan shafts, propeller shafts)

G 16

Jet engines; centrifuges; electric motors and generators with a shaft height of at least 80 mm and a

maximum rated speed of up to 950 rpm;electric motors with a shaft height below 80 mm; fans; gearboxes;

general industrial machinery; machine tools; paper machines; process engineering equipment; pumps;

turbochargers; hydro-power turbines

G 6.3

Compressors; computer drives; electric motors and generators with a shaft height of at least 80 mm and

a maximum rated speed over 950 rpm; gas turbines, steam turbines; machine tool drives; textile machinery

G 2.5

8.6 Balancing of universal joint shafts

As with any other rotating equipment, a universal jointshaft has a non-uniform distribution of mass around

the axis of rotation. This leads to unbalanced forces

during operation. Depending on the operating speed

and the specific application, Voith universal joint

shafts are dynamically balanced in two planes.

Depending on the application and maximum operating

speed, balance quality levels for universal joint shafts

lie in the range between G 40 and G 6.3. The repro-

ducibility of measurements can be subject to wider

tolerances due to the influence of various physical

factors. Such factors include:

n Design characteristics of the balancing machine

n Accuracy of the measurement method

n Tolerances in the connections to the universal

joint shaft

n Radial and axial clearances in the universal

joint bearings

n Deflection clearance in the splined center section

The benefits of balancing:n Avoidance of vibrations, resulting in smoother

operation

n Longer lifetime of the universal joint shaft

The balancing procedure employed by Voith for

universal joint shafts is based on that prescribed

in DIN ISO 1940-1 ("Mechanical vibration Balance

quality requirements for rotors in a constant (rigid)

state Part 1: Specification and verification of balance

tolerances"). An extract from this Standard lists the

following approximate values for balance quality levels:



9 Selection aids

The design of a universal joint shaft depends on a number of factors.Reliable, verified calculations and tests prevent any danger to the

surrounding area. Consideration of the costs that arise during the entire

product lifecycle also comes into play.

The design procedures described in this chapter are merely rough

guidelines. When making a final decision about a universal joint shaft,

you can rely on our sales engineers with their expertise and many years

of experience. We will be happy to advise you.

Designa-tion

Usualunit

Explanation

PN [kW] Rated powerof the drive motor

nN [rpm] Rated speedof the drive motor

MN [kNm] Rated torqueof the drive motor, where:

MN=

60______2p nN PN

9.55

PN___nN with MNin kNm, nNin rpm and PNin kW

ME [kNm] Equivalent torque

This torque is an important operating variable if bearing lifetime is the main criterion in selection of a universal

joint shaft. It takes operating conditions into account and can be calculated for situations involving combined

loads (see Section 9.2.1). If the operating conditions are not sufficiently known, the rated torque is used for an

initial estimate.

nE [rpm] Equivalent speed

This speed is an important operating variable if bearing lifetime is the main criterion in selection of a universal

joint shafts. It takes operating conditions into account and can be calculated for situations involving combined

loads (see Section 9.2.1). If the operating conditions are not sufficiently known, the rated speed is used for aninitial estimate.

Mmax [kNm] Peak torque

This is the maximum torque that occurs during normal operation.

nmax [rpm] Maximum speed

This is the maximum speed that occurs during normal operation.

9.1 Definitions of operating variables



The following factors have a major influence on anydecision regarding universal joint shafts:

nOperating variables

n Main selection criterion:

Bearing lifetime or durability

nInstallation space

nConnection bearings

Designa-tion

Usualunit

Explanation

nz1 [rpm] Maximum permissible speed as a function of the deflection angle during operation.

The center section of a universal joint shaft in a Z or W-arrangement (b0) rotates at a varying speed.

It experiences a mass acceleration torque that depends on the speed and the deflection angle. To ensure

smooth operation and prevent excessive wear, the mass acceleration torque is limited by not exceeding

the maximum speed of universal joint shaft nz1. For additional information, see Section 9.3.1.

nz2 [rpm] Maximum permissible speed taking bending vibrations into account.

A universal joint shaft is an elastic body when bent. At a critical bending speed, the frequency of the

bending vibrations equals the natural frequency of the universal joint shaft. The result is a high load on

all of the universal joint shaft components. The maximum speed of the universal joint shaft must be

considerably below this critical speed. For additional information, see Section 9.3.2.

b [] Deflection angle during operation

Deflection angle of the two joints in a Z or W-arrangement, where:

b= b1= b2

If the situation involves three-dimensional deflection, a resultant deflection angle bRis determined:

tan bR = ______________tan2bh + tan2bVand where: b= bR

bmax [] Maximum possible deflection angle

bv1

bh1

bv2

bh2

Three-dimensional bending



9.2.1 Selection on the basis of bearing lifetime

The procedure used for calculating the bearing lifetime

is based on that prescribed in DIN ISO 281 ("Rolling

bearings Dynamic load ratings and rating life"). How-

ever, when applying this standard to universal joint

shafts, several different factors are not taken into

account, for instance, support of the bearing, i.e.deformation of the bore under load. To date, these

factors could only be assessed qualitatively.

The theoretical lifetime of a bearing in a universal

joint shaft is calculated using the fol lowing equation:

Lh=1.5 107_________

nE b KB (CR___ME)10___3

where:

Lh is the theoretical lifetime of the bearing

in hours [h]

CR Load rating of the universal joint in kNm

(see tables in Chapter 6)

b Deflection angle in degrees []; in the case

of three-dimensional bending, the resultant

deflection angle bRis to be used; in any case,

however, a minimum angle of 2

KB Operational factor

nE Equivalent speed in rpm

ME Equivalent torque in kNm

9.2 Size selection

Operational factor

In drives with diesel engines, torque spikes occur that

are taken into account by the operational factor KB:

Prime mover (driving machine) Operational factor KB

Electric motor 1

Diesel engine 1.2

There are essentially two selection criteria when choosing the size of a universal joint shaft:1. The lifetime of the roller bearings in the joints

2. The fatigue-free operating range, and thus the torque capacity and/or load limits

As a rule, the application determines the primary selection criterion. A selection on the

basis of bearing lifetime is usually made if drives must have a long service life and pro-

nounced torque spikes never occur or occur only briefly (for instance, during start-up).

Typical examples include drives in paper machines, pumps and fans. In all other appli-

cations, selection is made on the basis of the fatigue-free operating range.



Incremental variation of the load on a universal joint shaft

M, n M1

n1

M2

n2

Mu

nu

q1 q2 quq0 1

ME= (i = 1u

qi ni Mi10___3

___________nE )3___10=

(q1 n1 M1

10___3

+ q2 n2 M210___3

+ + qu nu Mu10___3

_____________________________________nE )3

___10

Conclusions

n The calculated lifetime of the bearing is a theoretical

value that in practice is usually exceeded by a con-

siderable amount.

n The following additional factors affect the lifetime of

the bearings, sometimes to a significant degree:

Quality of the bearings

Quality (hardness) of the journals

Lubrication

Overloading that results in plastic deformation

Quality of the seals

Equivalent operating values

The equation for the theoretical lifetime of the bearing

assumes a constant load and speed. If the load changes

in increments, equivalent operating values that produce

the same fatigue as the actual loads can be determined.The equivalent operating values are ultimately the

equivalent speed nEand the equivalent torque ME.

If a universal joint shaft transmits the torque M ifor a time

period Tiat a speed ni, a time segment qithat normalizes

the time period Tiwith respect to the overall duration of

operation Tgesis first defined:

qi=Ti____

Tges with

i = 1

u

qi= q1+ q2 + + qu = 1

In this way, the equivalent operating values can be

determined:

nE= i = 1

u

qi ni = q1 n1+ q2 n2 + + qu nu



9.2.2 Selection on the basis of fatigue-freeoperating range

Calculations regarding the fatigue-free operating range

can be performed using a load spectrum. In practice,

however, sufficiently accurate load spectra are seldom

available. In this case, one relies on the quasi-static

dimensioning procedure. Here, the expected peak

torque Mmaxis compared with the torques MDW, MDS

and MZ(see Section 5.2).

The following estimate is made for the peak torque:

MmaxK3 MN

K3is called the shock factor. These are empirical values

based on decades of experience in designing universal

joint shafts.

The peak torque determined in this manner must

satisfy the following requirements:

1. Mmax< MDW for alternating load

2. Mmax< MDSfor pulsating load

3. Individual and rarely occurring torque spikes must

not exceed the value MZ. The permissible duration

and frequency of these torque spikes depends on

the application; please contact Voith Turbo for more

information.

Load peaks Shockfactor K3

Typical driven machinery

Minimal 1.11.3 n Generators (under a uniform load)

nCentrifugal pumps

nConveying equipment

(under a uniform load)

nMachine tools

nWoodwork machinery

Moderate 1.31.8 n Multi-cylinder compressors

n

Multi-cylinder piston pumpsn Light-section rolling mills

n Continuous wire rolling mills

n Primary drives in locomotives and

other rail vehicles

Severe 23 n Transport roller tables

n Continuous pipe mills

n Continuously operating main roller

tables

n Medium-section rolling mills

nSingle-cylinder compressors

n Single-cylinder piston pumps

n Fans

n Mixers

n Excavators

nBending machines

n Presses

n Rotary drilling and boring

equipment

n Secondary drives in locomotives

and other rail vehicles

Very severe 35 n Reversing main roller tables

nCoiler drives

nScale breakers

nCogging/roughing stands

Extremely

severe

615 n Roll stand drives

nPlate shears

n Coiler pressure rolls



In addition, the mass acceleration moment can affect

the entire drive line on universal joint shafts with length

compensation as well as universal joint shafts without

length compensation. Torsional vibrations should be

mentioned here by way of example.

To prevent these adverse effects, please comply with

the following conditions:

nmax< nz1

9.3 Operating speeds

Approximate values of nz1as a function of b

9.3.1 Maximum permissible speed nz1as afunction of deflection angle during

operation

Section 8.3 shows that a universal joint exhibits a

varying output motion. A universal joint shaft is a

connection of two universal joints in series with one

another. Under the conditions described in Section 8.4,

a universal joint shaft in a Z or W arrangement exhibits

homokinetic motion between the input and output.

Nevertheless, the center section of the universal joint

shaft still rotates at the periodically varying angular

velocity v2.

Since the center section of the universal joint shaft still

exhibits a mass moment of inertia, it creates a moment

of resistance to the angular acceleration dv2/dt. On

universal joint shafts with length compensation, this

alternating mass acceleration moment can cause

clattering sounds in the profile. The consequences

include less smooth operation and increased wear.

b 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

ST 058.1

ST 065.1

ST 075.1

ST 090.2

ST 100.2

ST 120.2

ST 120.5

ST 150.2

ST 150.3

ST 150.5

ST 180.5

ST 225.7

ST 250.8

WT 225.8

MT 225.8

WT 490.8

WT 550.8

ST 285.8

WT 250.8

MT 250.8

ST 315.8

WT 285.8

MT 285.8

ST 350.8

WT 315.8

MT 315.8

MT 350.8ST 390.8

WT 350.8

ST 435.8

WT 390.8

WT 440.8

HT 390.10

HT 490.10

HT 550.10

6000

600

800

4000

2000

1000

500

nz1

[rpm]

b[]



The maximum permissible speed nz2is determined in

such a way that provides a safety allowance with re-

spect to the critical bending speed that is suitable for

the particular application.

For safety reasons and to prevent failure of the uni-

versal joint shaft, please comply with the following

conditions:

nmax< nz2

For normal connecting and operating conditions, it is

possible to specify approximate values for the max-

imum permissible speeds nz2as a function of operating

length lB:

9.3.2 Maximum permissible speed nz2as a function of operating length

Every universal joint shaft has a critical bending speed

at which the rotational bending speed (bending fre-

quency) matches the natural frequency of the shaft. The

result: high loads on all components of the universal

joint shaft. Damage to or destruction of the universal

joint shaft is possible in unfavorable situations.

Calculating this critical bending speed for a real uni-

versal joint shaft in a drive line is a complex task that

Voith Turbo performs using numerical computing

programs.

The critical bending speed depends essentially on three

factors:

n Operating length lB

n Deflection resistance of the universal joint shaft

n Connecting conditions at the input and output ends

Approximate values of nz2as a function of lBfor the S Series

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

ST 435.8ST 390.8ST 350.8ST 315.8ST 285.8ST 250.8ST 225.7ST 180.5ST 150.5

ST 150.3ST 150.2ST 120.5ST 120.2ST 090.2ST 100.2ST 075.1ST 065.1ST 058.1

100

200

400

600

800

2000

4000

6000

1000

nz2

[rpm

]

IB[mm]



Approximate values of nz2as a function of lBfor the M and H Series

Approximate values of nz2as a function of lBfor the W Series

HT 550.10HT 490.10HT 440.10HT 390.10HT 350.10MT 350.8MT 315.8MT 285.8MT 250.8MT 225.8

2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

500600

800

2000

4000

1000

nz2

[rpm]

IB[mm]

IB[mm]

WT 550.8WT 490.8WT 440.8WT 390.8WT 350.8WT 315.8WT 285.8WT 250.8WT 225.8

500600

800

2000

4000

1000

nz2

[rpm]

2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

IB[mm]


50/72


51/72



Designation Explanation

mR Mass of the tube per 1 m of length

JR Mass moment of inertia of the tube per 1 m of length

Universal joint shafts with length compensation

mL min Mass of the universal joint shaft

for a length of lz minJL min Mass moment of inertia of the universal joint shaft

for a length of

Calculations for the entire universal joint shaft:

mges Total mass mges= mL min+ (lz lz min) mR

Jges Total mass moment of inertia Jges= JL min+ (lz lz min) JR

Size Values for the tubebased on length

Universal joint shafts with length compensat

mR JR mL min JL min mL min JL min mL min JL min mL min JL min mL min JL

[kg/m] [kgm2/m] [kg] [kgm2] [kg] [kgm2] [kg] [kgm2] [kg] [kgm2] [kg] [kg

HT/HF HT

350.10 134.2 2.50 685 10.41

390.10 149.9 3.48 1018 17.59

440.10 189.3 5.68 1415 32.04

490.10 261.3 9.41 1979 54.73

550.10 305.2 14.97 2807 100.35

590.10 564.7 29.97 3887 143.96

620.10 564.7 29.97 4232 168.93

650.10 683.3 43.88 4949 220.04

680.10 683.3 43.88 5364 256.12

710.10 813.2 62.14 6523 347.32

740.10 813.2 62.14 7020 398.98

770.10 954.4 85.59 8186 514.63

800.10 954.4 85.59 8764 585.38

Values for dimensions and series not listed are available on request



Universal joint shafts without length compensation

lmin

mges= mL min+ (l lmin) mR

Jges= JL min+ (l lmin) JR

Universal jointshafts without length

compensation

Joint coupling

min JL min mL min JL min mL min JL min mL fix JL fix

g] [kgm2] [kg] [kgm2] [kg] [kgm2] [kg] [kgm2]

HF HG

508 7.47 453 6.32

708 12.94 626 10.85

1001 23.19 895 19.68

1379 39.61 1228 33.48

1918 70.47 1730 60.33

2442 100.48 2154 83.96

2787 125.45 2466 106.01

3243 162.00 2856 135.18

3657 198.08 3232 167.10

4286 255.85 3758 212.41

4783 307.51 4207 257.99

5461 383.59 4759 316.30

6038 454.33 5282 378.87



When installing the Voith universal joint shaft in a driveline, connecting flanges and bolted connections must

satisfy several requirements:

1. Design

n When using a universal joint shaft without length

compensation, a connecting flange ("roll end hub")

that is moveable in a longitudinal direction is required

so that the universal joint shaft can slide over the

spigot. The connecting flange also absorbs additional

length changes arising, for instance, from thermal

expansion or changes in the deflection angle.

2. Material

n The material used for the connecting flanges has

been selected to permit use of bolts in property class

10.9 (to ISO 4014-10.9).

n Special case for S, M and W Series:

If the material used for the connecting flanges does

not permit use of bolts in property class 10.9, thetorque that can be transmitted by the flange con-

nection is reduced. The specified tightening torques

for the bolts must be reduced accordingly.

3. Dimensions, bolted connections

n On universal joint shafts from the S, M and W Series,

the dimensions of the connecting flanges match

those of the universal joint shaft, except for the

locating diameter c. The locating diameter provides

a clearance (fit H7/h6).

n On universal joint shafts from the H Series, the dimen-

sions of the connecting flanges are identical to those

of the universal joint shaft. The Hirth couplings are

self-centering.

n On universal joint shafts from the S, M and W Series,

the relief diameter fgon the universal joint shaft

flange is not suitable for locking hexagon head bolts

or nuts. A relief diameter faon the connecting flange

is suitable for this purpose.

9.5 Installation: Connection flanges, bolted connections



Sketch of the flange connection for S, M, W and H Series universal joint shafts

Bolt hole pattern for the flange connection on S, M, W and H Series universal joint shafts

A B A

Z1

g g v

ya

t

b

fg

a

fa

c

x

Z2

mn o p

mmin Z1

g g v

b

fg

afa

m

S, M, W Series Series H

A+B

22.5

A A

A

A

B

8 x A

4 x B

10 x A

4 x B

A

A

A

B

22.5 30

8 x A

10 x A

12 x A

16 x A

36 3622.5

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

AA A

A

A

A

mmin



Dimensions

of the connecting flanges

Standard

bolted connection (A)

Comments 1 2 3 4 5 6

Size a b 0.1 c H7 fa -0.3 fg g t v x P9 ya+0.5 Z1. Z2 z z z m MA

[mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] Bolt [Nm]

ST/STL/STK/STR/SF/SG

058.1 58 47 30 38.5 3.5 1.2 -0.15 9 0.05 4 M5 x 16 7

065.1 65 52 35 41.5 4 1.5 -0.25 12 0.05 4 M6 x 20 13

075.1 75 62 42 51.5 5.5 2.3 -0.2 14 0.05 6 M6 x 25 13

090.2 90 74.5 47 61 6 2.3 -0.2 13 0.05 4 M8 x 25 32

100.2 100 84 57 70.5 7 2.3 -0.2 11 0.05 6 M8 x 25 32

120.2 120 101.5 75 84 8 2.3 -0.2 14 0.05 8 M10 x 30 64

120.5 120 101.5 75 84 9 2.3 -0.2 13 0.05 8 M10 x 30 64

150.2 150 130 90 110.3 10 2.3 -0.2 20 0.05 8 M12 x 40 111

150.3 150 130 90 110.3 12 2.3 -0.2 18 0.05 8 M12 x 40 111

150.5 150 130 90 110.3 12 2.3 -0.2 18 0.05 8 M12 x 40 111

180.5 180 155.5 110 132.5 14 2.3 -0.2 21 0.05 8 M14 x 45 177

225.7 225 196 140 171 159 15 4 -0.2 25 0.06 8 M16 x 55 270

250.8 250 218 140 190 176 18 5 -0.2 24 0.06 8 M18 x 60 372

285.8 285 245 175 214 199 20 6 -0.5 30 0.06 8 M20 x 70 526

315.8 315 280 175 247 231 22 6 -0.5 31 0.06 8 M22 x 75 710

350.8 350 310 220 277 261 25 7 -0.5 30 0.06 10 M22 x 80 710

390.8 390 345 250 308 290 32 7 -0.5 36 0.06 10 M24 x 100 906

435.8 435 385 280 342 320 40 8 -0.5 40 0.06 10 M27 x 120 1340

MT/MTR/MF/MG

225.8 225 196 140 171 159 15 4 -0.2 15 0.06 8 M16 x 55 270

250.8 250 218 140 190 176 18 5 -0.2 18 0.06 8 M18 x 50 372

285.8 285 245 175 214 199 20 6 -0.5 20 0.06 8 M20 x 70 526

315.8 315 280 175 247 231 22 6 -0.5 22 0.06 8 M22 x 75 710

350.8 350 310 220 277 261 25 7 -0.5 25 0.06 8 M22 x 80 710

WT/WTL/WTK/WF/WG

225.8 225 196 105 171 159 20 4 -0.2 25 32 9.5 0.06 8 4 M16 x 55 270

250.8 250 218 105 190 176 25 5 -0.2 25 40 13 0.06 8 4 M18 x 75 372

285.8 285 245 125 214 199 27 6 -0.5 26 40 15.5 0.06 8 4 M20 x 80 526

315.8 315 280 130 247 231 32 7 -0.5 31 40 15.5 0.06 10 4 M22 x 95 710

350.8 350 310 155 277 261 35 7 -0.5 30 50 16.5 0.06 10 6 M22 x 100 710

390.8 390 345 170 308 290 40 7 -0.5 40 70 18.5 0.06 10 6 M24 x 120 906

440.8 435 385 190 342 320 42 9 -0.5 38 80 20.5 0.1 10 6 M27 x 120 1340

490.8 490 425 205 377 350 47 11 -0.5 46 90 23 0.1 10 8 M30 x 140 1820

550.8 550 492 250 444 420 50 11 -0.5 40 100 23 0.1 10 8 M30 x 140 1820

HT/HF/HG

350.10 350 320 295 280 45 25 0.15 12 M16 x 115 270

390.10 390 355 327 305 50 30 0.15 12 M18 x 130 372

440.10 440 405 377 355 55 40 0.15 16 M18 x 150 372

490.10 490 450 419 395 60 30 0.15 16 M20 x 150 526

550.10 550 510 477 450 70 30 0.15 16 M22 x 170 710



Bolted connection

with split sleeve (B)

9 10 11 12

n o p MA

Bolt Sleeve Washer [Nm]

M12 x 60 21 x 28 13 82

M14 x 70 25 x 32 15 130

M16 x 75 28 x 36 17 200

M16 x 80 30 x 40 17 200

M18 x 90 32 x 45 19 274

M18 x 110 32 x 60 19 274

M20 x 110 35 x 60 21 386

M12 x 60 21 x 28 13 82

M14 x 70 25 x 32 15 130

M16 x 75 28 x 36 17 200

M16 x 80 30 x 40 17 200

M18 x 90 32 x 45 19 274

Desig-

nation

Explanation Com-

ments

Additional information

a Flange diameter

b Bolt circle diameter

c Locating diameter

fa Flange diameter, bolt side

fg Flange diameter, nut side

g Flange thickness

t Locating depth in connecting

flange

v Length from the contact

surface of the nut to the end

of the hexagon head bolt

x Width of face key in universal joint shaft connecting flanges with

face key

ya Depth of face key in universal joint shaft connecting flanges with

a face key

Z1 Axial run-out 1 Permissible values for deviation in axial run-out Z 1

and concentricity Z2at operating speeds below

1500 rpm. At operating speeds of 1500 rpm to

3000 rpm, the values should be halved!

Z2 Concentricity

m Hexagon head bolt to

ISO 4014-10.9 with hexagon

nut to ISO 7040-10

2 z each per standard connecting flange

3 z each per connecting flange with face key

4 z each per connecting flange with Hirth coupling

5 Dimension of hexagon head bolt with nut

6 Tightening torque for a coefficient of friction = 0.12

and 90% utilization of the bolt yield point value

mmin Minimum length for

installation of bolt

Length of the hexagon head bolt m including the

height of the bolt head

EB Options for insertion 7 Insertion of bolts from the joint side

n Hexagon head bolt to

ISO 4014-8.8 with hexagon

nut to ISO 7040-10

8 z each per connecting flange

9 Dimension of hexagon head bolt with nut

12 Tightening torque for a coefficient of friction = 0.12

and 90% utilization of the bolt yield point

o Split sleeve 10 Split sleeve dimensions [mm x mm]

p Washer 11 Washer dimensions [mm]



Original spare parts supply

Modernizations, retrofits

Repairs

Overhaul

Torque measurements (ACIDA)

Consulting and engineering

Pre-sales

After-sales

10 Service

For us, service means quality and dependability that exceeds the expectations of our

customers. We will support you anywhere in the world throughout the entire lifetime of

your plant. You can count on us from the planning and commissioning phase through to

maintenance. With the Universal Joint Shaft Service from Voith Turbo, you will increasethe availability and lifetime of your system.

Success needs reliable partners.

Thats what moves us.

Training

Installation Commissioning


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10.2 Training

Efficiency, reliability and availability are essential factors in

making your system successful. One requirement in this regard

is the best-trained employees in technology and servicing.

Initial and continuing training are worthwhile investments toensure efficient operation of your universal joint shaft. Our

training programs provide specific technical knowledge about

our products. We bring your personnel up to speed with the

latest Voith technology in theory and in practice.

Your benefits

n Safe handling of Voith products

n Avoidance of operating and maintenance errors

n Better understanding of Voith technology in the

drive line

Our services:

n Product training at Voith or on-site at your premises

n Theoretical and practical maintenance and repair

training



Your benefits

n Safe and reliable operation of all components

n The highest quality and parts that fit exactly

n Maximum lifetime of drive elements

nManufacturers warranty

n High degree of system availability

n Fast spare parts delivery

10.3 Voith genuine spare parts

Our services:

n Most original spare and wearing parts warehoused at

our service branches

n Shipment of in-stock parts on the same day

(for orders received by 11 a.m.)

n Consultation with your spare parts management staff

n Preparation of project-specific spare and wearing

parts packages

n Spare parts also available for older generations of

Voith universal joint shafts

Avoid risks by using original spare and wearing parts. Only these

are manufactured with Voith know-how and guarantee reliable

and safe operation of your Voith products. High availability, com-

bined with efficient logistics, ensures quick delivery of partsaround the world.



10.4 Overhaul, maintenance

Constant operation subjects universal joint shafts to natural wear,

which is also influenced by the surroundings. Professional and

regular overhauls of your universal joint shaft prevent damage

and minimize the risk of expensive production down time. Yougain operational reliability and save money in the long term.

Your benefits

n Safety thanks to professional maintenance

nManufacturers warranty

n Increased system availability

Our services

n Maintenance or complete overhaul by our service

experts with all the necessary tools and special

fixtures

n Use of original spare and wearing parts

n Consultation regarding your maintenance strategy


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10.6 Modernization, retrofits

Technology is advancing all the time and sometimes the original

requirements on which the design of a system was based can

change. Voith Turbo helps you achieve significant improvements

in efficiency and reliability through a tailored modernization orretrofit of old drive elements, e.g. slipper spindles. We analyze,

provide advice and modernize universal joint shafts including

the connecting components to provide you with the latest and

most economical technology.

Your benefits

n Improved reliability, availability and affordability

of your drive system

nReduced operating costs

n A universal joint shaft that features the latest

technology

Our services

n Modification of or a new design for your universal

joint shafts and connecting components

n Competent consultation regarding modernization

opportunities, including the design of the drive line


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Characteristics of Voiths

WearCare 500 high-performance lubricant

Benefits

n Optimum adhesion and surface wetting n Lubricating film even in the event of poor lubrication

n Formulated for oscillating bearing motion

n Exceptional corrosion protection n Ideal for rolling mills

n Maximum ability to withstand pressure n Hydrodynamic lubricating film even under maximum

torque conditions

n Optimum and long-lasting lubricating action n Minimal abrasive wear in the bearingn Extended lubrication intervalsn Lower maintenance costs

n Can be mixed with lithium-based greases n Simple conversion to Voiths high-performance lubricant

n High resistance to aging n Long shelf life

n Excellent compatibility with all bearing components n No softening of bearing seals

n Does not corrode nonferrous metals

n Free from silicone and copper-based ingredients n Suitable for aluminum rolling mills

FE8 test stand trial: Bearing wear

in an axial cylindrical roller bearing

Field trial: Metal particles in the bearing lubricant of a high-

performance universal joint shaft used in a rolling mill drive

1

10

Relativebearingwear

Standard

lubricant

Voith

WearCare 500

5

15

1

0Relativemetalparticlesinthelubricant

Voith WearCare 500

Operating time in months

0 3 6 9 15 18 21 2412

Standard lubricant

1.5

0.5 Extended

operating time

Reference wear condition



Certificates for the management systems to ISO 9001: 2000 (quality), ISO 14001: 2000 (environment)

and OHSAS 18001: 1999 (occupational health and safety)

At Voith, our top priority is to ensure the affordability, reliability,environmental compatibility and safety of our products and ser-

vices. In order to maintain these principles in the future just as

we do today, Voith Turbo has a firmly established integrated

management system for quality, the environment, and occupa-

tional health and safety. For our customers, this means that they

are purchasing high-quality capital goods that are manufactured

and can be used in safe surroundings and with minimal environ-

mental impact.

12 Quality Environment Safety



12.1 Quality

Flange for a high-performance universal joint shaft on a

3-D coordinate measuring machine

n We employ state-of-the-art 3-D coordinate measuring

machines for quality assurance.

n To ensure perfectly welded joints, we conduct x-ray

inspections in-house.n We offer our customers a variety of product and

application-specific certifications and classifications.

n Production and assembly fixtures are inspected on a

regular basis.

n Quality-relevant measuring and testing instruments

are subject to systematic monitoring.

n For the welding methods employed, process controls

to ISO SO 3834-2 are used. Welding technicians arequalified to EN 287 and welding equipment is

monitored.

n Employees that perform nondestructive testing are

qualified to ASNT-C-1A and/or EN 473.



12.2 Environment

n Voith universal joint shafts are fitted with sealed roller

bearings. These provide two major advantages over

slipper and gear spindles when using our universal

joint shafts:

An employee coats the roller bearing for a universal joint shaft

with Voith WearCare 500 high-performance lubricant

Comparison of the efficiency and power loss in a main drive for a rolling mill.

Input power 8000 kW, deflection angle 2

Efficiency

Power loss

99.10%

71.1 kW

Slipper spindle

99.49%

41.1 kW

Gear spindle

0.32 kW

Voith universal joint shaft

99.996%

1. Lubricant consumption is considerably lower be-

cause of the seals.

2. Efficiency is enhanced, as rolling friction is signifi-

cantly less than sliding friction. This translates intoreduced CO2emissions and protects the environ-

ment.



Voith universal joint shafts receive their final finish in a modern

paint booth

12.3 Occupational health and safety

n Voith painting technicians use a modern painting

system that meets all requirements for occupational

health and safety as well as environmental protection

when painting the universal joint shafts.n Electrostatic application of the paint reduces over-

spray.

n An exhaust system extracts any residual mist from

painting.

n An exhaust air treatment system with combined heat

recovery reduces the impact on employees as well as

the environment.


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voith high performance universal joint shafts

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