vocabulary review level e regular 10 english. directions zafter viewing a slide with a vocabulary...
TRANSCRIPT
Vocabulary Review
Level E
Regular 10 English
DirectionsAfter viewing a slide
with a vocabulary word in context, decide on the meaning of the word. Then check your answer and review synonyms and antonyms in the next slide.
Suggestions
Although the slides are timed to advance automatically, you may left click on the mouse to move to the next slide at any time. Right click to return to the previous slide.
Unit 1
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
adulterate
adulterate the Snapple with milk
adulterate
(v.) to corrupt, make worse by the addition of something of lesser value
synonyms: to contaminate, pollute, sully
antonyms: to purify, purge, expurgate
gape
gape in wonder at the sight
gape
(v.) to stare with open mouth; to open the mouth wide; to open wide
synonyms: to gawk, ogle
deploy
deploy troops for battle
deploy
(v.) to position or arrange; to utilize; to form up
synonyms: to arrange, station, organize
augment
augment your income by working a second job
augment
(v.) to make larger, increasesynonyms: to enlarge, supplement,
amplifyantonyms: to decrease, diminish
ambidextrous
marveled at Michael Jordan’s ambidextrous abilities
disappointed by the President’s ambidextrous responses to questions
ambidextrous
(adj.) able to use both hands equally well; very skillful; deceitful, hypocritical
antonyms: clumsy, all thumbs, maladroit
bereft
bereft of friends in his old age
bereft
(part., adj.) deprived of; made unhappy through a loss
synonyms: deprived; saddened by loss, bereaved
antonyms: replete, well provided with
dour
a dour and sullen rock star
dour
(adj.) stern, unyielding; gloomy, ill-humored
synonyms: harsh, bleak, forbidding, saturnine
antonyms: cheery, inviting, genial
fortitude
showing great fortitude following the flooding from hurricane Floyd
fortitude
(n.) courage in facing difficultiessynonyms: resolve, steadfastness,
mettleantonyms: fearfulness, timidity,
faintheartedness
gibe
gibed at him for his musical tastes
gibe
(v.) to utter taunting words (n.) an expression of scorn
synonyms: to ridicule, mock, deride, jeer
antonyms: a compliment, praise
guise
wearing the the guise of Holden Caulfield on Halloween
guise
(n.) an external appearance, cover, mask
synonyms: a costume, semblance; a pretense
insidious
an insidious plot to steal money from the elderly
insidious
(adj.) intended to deceive or entrap; sly, treacherous
synonyms: cunning, underhanded, perfidious
antonyms: frank, ingenuous, aboveboard
intimation
gave no intimation of her fondness for hot cars
intimation
(n.) a hint, indirect suggestion
synonyms: a clue, indication, inkling
antonyms: a direct or blunt communication
opulent
Bill Gates’ opulent living quarters
opulent
(adj.) wealthy, luxurious, ample, grandiose
synonyms: rich, lavish; plentiful, abundant
antonyms: poverty-stricken, wretched, destitute
pliable
three spools of pliable copper wire
pliable friends who can’t think for themselves
pliable
(adj.) easily bent, flexible; easily influenced
synonyms: supple, adaptable, resilient
antonyms: rigid, inflexible, recalcitrant
reiterate
teachers who reiterate important points the day before a test
reiterate
(v.) to say again, repeat
synonyms: to rehash
stolid
a stolid person who never cracks under pressure
a stolid student
stolid
(adj.) not easily moved, mentally or emotionally; dull, unresponsive
synonyms: impassive, phlegmatic, unresponsive
antonyms: emotional, oversensitive; high-strung
tentative
a tentative plan to travel to Toledo
tentative
(adj.) experimental in nature; uncertain, hesitant
synonyms: provisional, inconclusiveantonyms: definite, conclusive,
confirmed
unkempt
was not hired for the job because of his unkempt appearance
unkempt
(adj.) not combed; untidy; not properly maintained; unpolished, rude
synonyms: sloppy, disheveled; disordered; rough
antonyms: well-groomed, tidy, neat, natty
verbatim
accused of plagiarism because he repeated verbatim
verbatim
(adj., adv.) word for word; exactly as written or spoken
antonym: paraphrased
warily
warily approach the entrance to the bear’s cave
warily
(adv.) cautiously, with great caresynonyms: carefully, prudently,
gingerlyantonyms: recklessly, heedlessly,
incautiously
Unit 2
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
adroit
adroit at dribbling the basketball
adroit at doing math complex problems in her head
adroit
(adj.) skillful, expert in the use of the hands or mind
synonyms: clever, deft, dexterous, slick
antonyms: clumsy, inept all thumbs
amicable
an amicable settlement of the argument
amicable
(adj.) peaceable, friendlysynonyms: congenial, neighborly,
friendlyantonyms: hostile, antagonistic
averse
averse to hurting the feelings of others
averse
(adj.) having a deep-seated distaste; opposed, unwilling
synonyms: disinclined, opposed, loath
antonyms: favorably disposed, eager, keen
belligerent
a belligerent answer to an amicable question
belligerent
(adj.) given to fighting, warlike; combative, aggressive; (n.) one at war, one engaged in war
synonyms: assertive, truculent, pugnacious
antonyms: conciliatory, placid, peaceful
benevolent
a benevolent feeling toward all races and creeds
benevolent
(adj.) kindly, charitablesynonyms: kindly, benign, well-
meaningantonyms: malicious, spiteful,
malevolent
cursory
a cursory look at the science notes immediately before the test
cursory
(adj.) hasty, not thoroughsynonyms: quick, superficial,
perfunctoryantonyms: thorough, painstaking,
careful
duplicity
investigated the military officer suspected of duplicity
duplicity
(n.) treachery, deceitfulness
synonyms: fraud, double-dealing, chicanery
extol
extol her heroic acts during the crisis
extol
(v.) to praise extravagantlysynonyms: to glorify, applaud,
acclaim, hailantonyms: to criticize, belittle,
disparage
feasible
develop a feasible plan of action
feasible
(adj.) possible, able to be donesynonyms: workable, practicable,
viableantonyms: unworkable, impractical
grimace
a grimace of pain
grimace
(n.) a wry face, facial distortion; (v.) to make a wry face
synonyms: a pained expression, facial contortion
antonyms: to smile, beam, grin
holocaust
a victim of the holocaust
holocaust
(n.) a large-scale destruction, especially be fire; a vast slaughter; a burnt offering
synonyms: a conflagration; devastation; annihilation
antonyms: a deluge, inundation
impervious
a plastic raincoat impervious to moisture
a stolid person impervious to the gibes of belligerent fools
impervious
(adj.) not affected or hurt by; admitting of no passage or entrance
synonyms: impenetrable, resistant, proof against
antonyms: porous, permeable, vulnerable
impetus
low grades which gave new impetus to the students to study
impetus
(n.) a moving force, impulse, stimulus
synonyms: an incentive, stimulus, spur
antonyms: a curb, hindrance, impediment, constraint
jeopardy
mistakes that put the entire operation in jeopardy
jeopardy
(n.) danger
synonyms: risk, hazard, peril
antonyms: safety, security
meticulous
the meticulous detective
meticulous
(adj.) extremely careful; particular about details
synonyms: careful, fastidious, painstaking, fussy
antonyms: careless, negligent, sloppy
nostalgia
his nostalgia for childhood innocence
nostalgia
(n.) a longing for something past; homesickness
synonym: homesickness
quintessence
the quintessence of fortitude
quintessence
(n.) the purest essence or form of something; the most typical example
synonyms: a paragon, exemplar
retrogress
has retrogressed into the clothing styles of the 1950’s
retrogress
(v.) to move backward; to return to an earlier condition
synonyms: to revert, to degenerate, decline
antonyms: to advance, evolve, progress
scrutinize
scrutinize the notes to guarantee a good grade on the exam
scrutinize
(v.) to examine closely
synonyms: to inspect, examine, pore over
antonyms: to skim, scan, glance at
tepid
a cup of tepid tea
a tepid reaction to the 50 page reading assignment
tepid
(adj.) lukewarm; unenthusiastic, marked by an absence of interest
synonyms: lukewarm; insipid; half-hearted, wishy-washy
antonyms: heated, excited, enthusiastic
Unit 3
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
adversary
a worthy adversary on the court
adversary
(n.) an enemy, opponentsynonyms: an antagonist, rival, foeantonyms: a friend, ally, supporter,
confederate
alienate
bad habits that alienate friends
alienate
(v.) to turn away; to make indifferent or hostile; to transfer, convey
synonyms: to separate, drive apart, estrange
antonyms: to befriend, attract, captivate; to reconcile
artifice
deceived by his artifice
artifice
(n.) a skillful or ingenious device; clever trick; clever skill; trickery
synonyms: a ruse, stratagem, contrivance
coerce
coerce into obedience by a threat of punishment
coerce
(v.) to compel, forcesynonyms: to pressure, bully,
intimidate, constrainantonyms: persuade; cajole
craven
criticized by his opponent for his craven policies
craven
(adj.) cowardly; (n.) a cowardsynonyms: fearful, faint hearted,
pusillanimousantonyms: brave, courageous,
valiant
culinary
a fine example of fine culinary art
culinary
(adj.) of or related to cooking or to the kitchen
synonyms: related to cooking
delete
shorten the report by deleting two paragraphs
delete
(v.) to erase, wipe out, cut out synonyms: to remove, cancel,
expungeantonyms: to insert, add, retain,
include
demise
tolling bells that indicated the demise of the king
demise
(n.) a death, especially of a person in a lofty position
synonyms: a death, decease, passing away
antonyms: a birth, beginning, commencement
exhilarate
exhilarated by the good news
exhilarate
(v.) to enliven, cheer, give spirit or liveliness to
synonyms: to stimulate, excite, gladden
antonyms: discourage, dispirit, dishearten, inhibit
fallow
farmland left fallow for the winter
fallow
(adj.) plowed but not seeded; inactive(n.) land left unseeded; (v.) to plow but
not seedsynonyms: unproductive, inert, dormantantonyms: productive, fertile, prolific
harass
harass the teacher with repeated talking
harass
(v.) to disturb, worry; to trouble by repeated attacks
synonyms: to annoy, pester, bedevil, beleaguer, worry
inclement
unaccustomed to the inclement Montana winters
inclement
(adj.) stormy, harsh; severe in attitude or action
synonyms: blustery, tempestuous, implacable
antonyms: mild, gentle, balmy, tranquil
muse
muse on the meaning of life
muse
(v.) to think about in a dreamy waysynonyms: to meditate, contemplate,
daydream
negligible
a negligible loss that we need not worry about
negligible
(adj.) so unimportant that it can be disregarded
synonyms: trivial, inconsequential, insignificant
antonyms: significant, crucial, momentous
perpetuate
perpetuate the customs of our ancestors
perpetuate
(v.) to make permanent or long lasting
synonyms: to continue, preserve, prolong indefinitely
antonyms: to discontinue, abolish, abandon
precedent
set a precedent for others to follow
precedent
(n.) an example that may serve as a basis for imitation or later action
synonyms: a guide, tradition, modelantonyms: that which follows or
comes afterward
punitive
led a punitive expedition against the rebels
punitive
(adj.) inflicting or aiming at punishment
synonyms: penalizing, retaliatory
redress
seek redress through the courts
redress
(v.) to set right, remedy; (n.) relief from wrong or injury
synonyms: to rectify, correct, mitigate
sojourn
a week’s sojourn in Paris
sojourn
(n.) a temporary stay; (v.) to stay for a time
synonyms: a visit, stopover, brief stay
urbane
an urbane Bond - James Bond
urbane
(adj.) refined in manner or style, suave
synonyms: suave, elegantantonyms: crude, uncouth, boorish
Unit 4
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
affiliated
affiliated with a well-known law firm
affiliated
(adj., part.) associated, connectedsynonyms: attached, related, joined
toantonyms: unconnected, dissociated
ascertain
ascertain what the cost will be
ascertain
(v.) to find outsynonyms: to discover, determine,
establish, find out
attainment
a man of high literary attainment
attainment
(n.) an accomplishment; the act of achieving
synonyms: an achievement, fulfillment
antonyms: a failure, defeat; frustration
bequeath
has bequeathed a fortune to his widow
bequeath
(v.) to give or pass on an inheritancesynonyms: to hand down, transmit,
bestow
cogent
a cogent plea for prison reform
cogent
(adj.) forceful, convincing; relevant, to the point
synonyms: persuasive,compelling antonyms: unconvincing, weak,
ineffective; irrelevant
converge
as the delegates converge on the hall
converge
(v.) to move toward one point, approach nearer together
synonyms: to meet, unite, intersect, merge
antonyms: to diverge, separate, go separate ways
disperse
order the police to disperse the crowd
disperse
(v.) to scatter, spread far and widesynonyms: to break up, scatter,
dispel antonyms: to collect, congregate,
assemble, muster
esteem
someone we all hold in high esteem
esteem
(v.) to regard highly;(n.) a highly favorable opinion or
judgmentsynonyms: to respect, admire, honor,
revereantonyms: disdain, scorn, contempt
expunge
ordered the offending remarks expunged from the court record
expunge
(v.) to erase, obliterate, destroysynonyms: to delete, efface,
annihilateantonyms: to insert; to mark,
imprint, impress
finite
a finite number of possibilities
finite
(adj.) having limits; lasting for a limited time
synonyms: limited, bounded, measurable
antonyms: unlimited, immeasurable, everlasting
invulnerable
an invulnerable fortress
invulnerable
(adj.) not able to be wounded or hurt; shielded against attack
synonyms: impregnable, impervious, immune
antonyms: exposed, unprotected, defenseless
malevolent
told a malevolent lie
malevolent
(adj.) spiteful, showing ill willsynonyms: malicious, wicked,
sinister, malignantantonyms: kind, benevolent,
compassionate
nonchalant
walked down the street with a nonchalant air
nonchalant
(adj.) cool and confident, unconcerned
synonyms: composed, unruffled, indifferent, blase
antonyms: perturbed, agitated, disconcerted, abashed
omniscient
a professor who seemed to be omniscient
omniscient
(adj.) knowing everything; having unlimited awareness or understanding
synonyms: wise, all-knowingantonyms: ignorant, unknowing
panacea
panacea for all our problems
panacea
(n.) a remedy for all ills, cure-all; an answer to all problems
synonyms: a universal cure; an easy solution
scrupulous
describe with scrupulous accuracy
scrupulous
(adj.) exact, careful, attending thoroughly to details; having high moral standards, principled
synonyms: painstaking, meticulous, conscientious
antonyms: careless, negligent, remiss, dishonest
skulk
a burglar skulked in an ally
skulk
(v.) to move about stealthily; to lie in hiding
synonyms: to lurk, slink, prowl
supercilious
took a supercilious attitude toward the servants
supercilious
(adj.) proud and contemptuous; showing scorn because of a feeling of superiority
synonyms: snobbish, patronizing, overbearing
antonyms: humble, meek, deferential, servile
uncanny
an uncanny skill at playing bridge
uncanny
(adj.) strange, mysterious, weird, beyond explanation
synonyms: eerie, inexplicable, spooky
venial
a venial offense
venial
(adj.) easily excused; pardonablesynonyms: excusable, forgivableantonyms: unpardonable,
unforgivable, inexcusable
Unit 5
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
altruistic
an altruistic program to help the poor
altruistic
(adj.) unselfish, concerned with the welfare of others
synonyms: selfless, rising above personal interests
antonyms: selfish, self-centered
assent
forced to assent to their demands
assent
(v.) to express agreement; (n.) agreementsynonyms: to concur, agree, consent,
accedeantonyms: to disagree, differ, dissent
benefactor
became my benefactor in time of need
benefactor
(n.) one who does good to otherssynonyms: one who helps others; a
patron, humanitarianantonyms: a misanthrope; a
malefactor
chivalrous
praised for this chivalrous act
chivalrous
(adj.) marked by honor, courtesy, and courage; knightly
synonyms: gallant, civil; valiantantonyms: crude, uncouth, churlish,
loutish
clemency
show clemency to first offenders
clemency
(n.) mercy, humanness; mildness, moderateness
synonyms: leniency, forbearance, gentleness
antonyms: harshness, severity, cruelty, inflexibility
dearth
a dearth of able assistants
dearth
(n.) a lack, scarcity, inadequate supply; a famine
synonyms: an insufficiency, want, paucity
antonyms: a surplus, oversupply, glut, abundance
diffident
amused by the diffident suitor
diffident
(adj.) shy, lacking self-confidence; modest, reserved
synonyms: timid, bashful; unassertive, withdrawn
antonyms: bold, brash, audacious; self-centered, jaunty
discrepancy
a discrepancy between their stories
discrepancy
(n.) a difference; a lack of agreementsynonyms: a disagreement,
divergence, inconsistencyantonyms: convergence; agreement,
consistency
embark
embark on the long ocean trip
embark
(v.) to go aboard; to make a start; to invest
synonyms: to commence, launch, begin; to board
facile
a facile writer
facile
(adj.) easily done or attained; superficial; ready, fluent; easily shown but not sincerely felt
synonyms: easy, effortless; assured, poised; specious
antonyms: labored, awkward, halting
indomitable
admire her indomitable courage
indomitable
(adj.) unconquerable, refusing to yield
synonyms: unbeatable, invincible, unyielding
antonyms: yielding, surrendering, submissive
infallible
his infallible judgement
infallible
(adj.) free from error; absolutely dependable
synonyms: unerring, certainantonyms: open to error, imperfect
plod
plod wearily through the snow
plod
(v.) to walk heavily or slowly; to work slowly
synonyms: to lumber, trudgeantonyms: to scamper, skip, prance
pungent
the pungent odor of onion soup
pungent
(adj.) causing a sharp sensation; stinging, biting
synonyms: sharp, spicy, piquant; caustic; racy
antonyms: bland, unappetizing, colorless, insipid
remiss
remiss in doing daily chores
remiss
(adj.) neglectful in performance of one’s duty, careless
synonyms: negligent, lax, slackantonyms: scrupulous, dutiful,
punctilious
repose
a much-needed period of repose
repose
(v.) to rest; lie; place;(n.) relaxation; peace of mind, calmnesssynonyms: sleep; tranquility; a respiteantonyms: exertion; wakefulness;
tumult, bustle, ado
temerity
have the temerity to answer back
temerity
(n.) rashness, boldnesssynonyms: recklessness,
foolhardiness; effronteryantonyms: timidity, fearfulness,
diffidence, humility
truculent
shocked by his truculent disposition
truculent
(adj.) fierce and cruel; aggressive; deadly, destructive; scathingly harsh
synonyms: brutal, savage, belligerent, vitriolic
antonyms: gentle, mild; meek, unthreatening
unfeigned
the unfeigned emotions of a child
unfeigned
(adj.) sincere, real, without pretensesynonyms: genuine, heartfeltantonyms: insincere, simulated,
phony
virulent
a virulent racist
virulent
(adj.) extremely poisonous; full of malice, spiteful
synonyms: venomous; noxious, baneful; hateful
antonyms: innocuous, harmless; benign
Unit 6
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
accede
accede to your teacher’s reasonable request for silence
accede
(v.) to yield to; to assume an office or dignity
synonyms: to consent, concur, comply
antonyms: to withhold consent, demur, balk at
brandish
brandish his cane threateningly
brandish
(v.) to wave or flourish in a menacing fashion
synonyms: to swing, shake
comprise
a book comprised entirely of essays
comprise
(v.) to include or contain; to be made up of
synonyms: to compose, constitute, encompass
antonym: to exclude
deft
sew with deft fingers
deft
(adj.) skillful, nimblesynonyms: dexterous, adroit,
proficientantonyms: clumsy, awkward,
bungling, inept
destitute
aid to destitute families
destitute
(adj.) deprived of the necessities of life; lacking in
synonyms: wanting, devoid, impoverished
antonyms: rich, wealthy; luxurious, bountiful; full, replete
explicit
greatly in need of explicit directions
explicit
(adj.) definite, clearly statedsynonyms: distinct, forthright,
unambiguousantonyms: vague, ambiguous;
implied, implicit
extirpate
extirpate all forms of racism
extirpate
(v.) to tear up by the roots; to destroy totally
synonyms: to uproot, eradicate, wipe out
antonyms: to implant, sow; to foster, nourish
inopportune
arrive at an inopportune time for me
inopportune
(adj.) coming at a bad time; not appropriate
synonyms: ill-timed, inconvenient, inappropriate
antonyms: timely, convenient, felicitous
ironic
an ironic twist of fate
ironic
(adj.) suggesting a difference between what might be expected and what actually happens; sarcastic
synonyms: incongruous, satiric; wry, tongue-in-cheek
antonyms: straightforward
musty
a musty smell in the locker room
musty
(adj.) stale, moldy; out-of-datesynonyms: stale, hackneyed,
antiquatedantonyms: fresh, sweet-smelling; up-
to-date, brand new
officious
annoyed by the officious usher
officious
(adj.) meddling; excessively forward in offering services or assuming authority
synonym: prying, impertinentantonym: reserved, diffident, timid;
aloof
ominous
an ominous funnel cloud heading toward the apartment
ominous
(adj.) unfavorable, threatening, of bad omen
synonyms: unpropitious, inauspicious, portentous
antonyms: auspicious, propitious, promising
pinnacle
reach the pinnacle of Mt. Washington
pinnacle
(n.) a high peak or pointsynonyms: an apex, acme, summit,
apogeeantonyms: a low point, nadir, perigee
premeditated
guilty of premeditated murder
premeditated
(adj., part.) considered beforehand, deliberately planned
synonyms: preplanned, rehearsed, calculated
antonyms: unplanned, spontaneous, impromptu
rampant
rampant rumors about a snow day
rampant
(adj.) growing without check, running wild
synonyms: widespread, unrestrained, extravagant
antonyms: controlled, restrained, held in check
solace
find solace in sailing on the bay
solace the grieving girl
solace
(n.) comfort, relief; (v.) to comfort, console
synonyms: to soothe, reassureantonyms: to vex, aggravate, upset
stately
impressed by the stately ceremony
stately
(adj.) dignified, majesticsynonyms: grand, magnificent,
imposingantonyms: lowly, humble; servile,
abject
supple
the sapling’s supple branches
supple
(adj.) bending easily,; bending with agility; readily adaptable; servile
synonyms: flexible, limber, pliableantonyms: stiff, rigid; unbending,
hidebound
suppress
use force to suppress the protesters in Seattle
suppress
(v.) to stop by force, put downsynonyms: to subdue, crush, stifle,
squelch, quashantonyms: to provoke, spur, arouse,
incite, instigate
venal
a venal mayor who accepted bribes
venal
(adj.) open to or marked by bribery or corruption
synonyms: bribable, corruptible; mercenary
antonyms: honest, scrupulous, incorruptible
Unit 7
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
abhor
abhor all forms of violence
abhor
(v.) to regard with horror or loathing; to hate deeply
synonyms: to detest, despise, abominate
antonyms: to admire, cherish, respect; to relish
amend
amend the club’s rules
amend
(v.) to change in a formal way; to change for the better
synonyms: to modify; to improve, correct
buffet
buffet by high winds
buffet
(v.) to slap or cuff; to strike repeatedly; to drive or force with blows; force one’s way with difficulty; (n.) a slap, blow
synonyms: to batter, sock, thump, pummel
chaos
the chaos brought on by revolution
chaos
(n.) great confusion, disordersynonyms: anarchy, turmoil,
pandemoniumantonyms: order, regularity,
tranquillity, peace and quiet
commodious
a commodious pantry
commodious
(adj.) roomy, spacioussynonyms: comfortable, ample,
capacious, roomyantonyms: cramped, claustrophobic;
insufficient
corrosive
angered by his corrosive humor
corrosive
(adj.) eating away gradually, acidlike; bitterly sarcastic
synonyms: caustic, mordant, acidulous; spiteful
antonyms: bland, mild, benign, amiable
discern
try to discern the truth
discern
(v.) to see clearly, recognizesynonyms: to perceive, detect,
distinguishantonyms: to overlook, be blind to
extant
the oldest extant specimens of primitive art
extant
(adj.) still existing; not exterminated, destroyed, or lost
synonyms: surviving, existing, in existence
antonyms: extinct, defunct, vanished
implicate
implicate everyone present in the plot
implicate
(v.) to involve in; to connect with or be related to
synonyms: to incriminate; entangleantonyms: to absolve, exculpate, let
off the hook
inter
inter those slain in battle
inter
(v.) to bury; to consign to oblivionsynonyms: to bury, commit to the
earthantonyms: to unearth, exhume
martinet
a stern martinet hated by his troops
martinet
(n.) a strict disciplinarian; a stickler for the rules
synonyms: a taskmaster, slave driver
obviate
took steps to obviate the difficulties
obviate
(v.) to anticipate and prevent; to remove, dispose of
synonyms: to preclude, forestall, ward off
renegade
scorned by all as a renegade
renegade
(n.) one who leave a group; a deserted, outlaw; (adj.) traitorous; unconventional, unorthodox
synonyms: a turncoat, defector, hereticantonyms: a loyalist, patriot,
unswerving adherent
reprehensible
reprehensible acts
reprehensible
(adj.) deserving blame or punishment
synonyms: objectionable, blameworthy, culpable; odious
antonyms: blameless, commendable. meritorious
somber
painted in dark, somber colors
somber
(adj.) dark, gloomy; depressed or melancholy in spirit
synonyms: melancholy, mournful, dismal, gloomy
antonyms: bright, sunny; lighthearted, cheerful, jaunty
squalid
forced to live in a squalid tenement
squalid
(adj.) filthy, wretched, debasedsynonyms: dingy, sordid, foul, vile;
abjectantonyms: neat and clean, spruce;
exalted, lofty
turbulent
a turbulent mob of angry protesters
turbulent
(adj.) disorderly, riotous, violent; stormy
synonyms: tumultuous, unruly, agitated
antonyms: calm, placid, tranquil, still
vociferous
vociferous appeals for aid
vociferous
(adj.) loud and noisy; compelling attention
synonyms: clamorous, uproarious, blustering
antonyms: quiet; soft-spoken; muted, subdued
voluminous
bored by those voluminous reports
voluminous
(adj.) of great size; numerous; writing or speaking at great length
synonyms: bulky, massive; copious, plentiful
antonyms: scant, meager; brief, succinct
waive
waive their right to the property
waive
(v.) to do without, give up voluntarily; to put off temporarily, defer
synonyms: to decline, relinquish, forgoantonyms: to claim, accept; to insist on
Unit 8
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
animosity
the growing animosity among the factions
animosity
(n.) strong dislike; bitter hostility
synonyms: enmity, rancor, antipathyantonyms: affection, fondness,
rapport, amity
apathy
greeted my idea with total apathy.
apathy
(n.) lack of feeling, emotion, or interest
synonyms: indifference, disinterest, detachment
antonyms: enthusiasm, fervor, ardor; concern
apprehensive
tried to calm the apprehensive parents.
apprehensive
(adj.) fearful or anxious, especially about the future
synonyms: worried, nervous, fretful, jittery
antonyms: assured, confident, unworried, certain
commend
commend her for her excellent grades.
commend
(v.) to praise, express approval; to present as worthy of attention; to commit of the care of.
Synonyms: to praise, pat on the back; to entrust
compatible
statements not compatible with the facts
compatible
(adj.) able to get along or work well together; capable of use with some other model or system
synonyms: harmonious, in agreement, like-minded
antonyms: mismatched, incongruous, antagonistic
condolence
a condolence call
condolence
(n.) an expression of sympathy
synonyms: commiseration, solace, sympathy
consecrate
consecrate the new church
consecrate
(v.) to make sacred, hallow; to set apart for a special purpose
synonyms: to devote, dedicate; to sanctify
antonyms: to desecrate, defile, profane, dishonor
decrepit
unwilling to ride an old decrepit car
decrepit
(adj.) old and feeble; worn out, ruined
synonyms: infirm, broken-down, rickety, dilapidated
antonyms: vigorous, robust, sturdy, hale and hearty
deride
deride our accomplishments
ingenuous
take advantage of the ingenuous youth
ingenuous
(adj.) innocent, simple, frank, sincere
synonyms: naïve, artless, guileless, candid
antonyms: artful, crafty, worldly, sophisticated
multifarious
a busy schedule of multifarious activities
multifarious
(adj.). having a great variety; numerous and diverse
synonyms: varied, manifold, heterogeneous
antonyms: homogeneous, uniform, unvaried
obsolete
get rid of the obsolete machinery
obsolete
get rid of the obsolete machinery
obsolete
(adj.) out of date, no longer in usesynonyms: outmoded, antiquated,
passe, “old hat”antonyms: current, up-to-date,
brand-new
omnivorous
an omnivorous animal
omnivorous
(adj.) eating every kind of food; eagerly taking in everything, having a wide variety of tastes
synonyms: all devouring, voracious
parsimonious
his parsimonious employer
parsimonious
(adj.) stingy, miserly; meager, poor, small
synonyms: frugal, niggardly, penny-pinching, “cheap”
antonyms: generous, open-handed
quandary
help us out with this quandary
quandary
(n.) a state of perplexity or doubt
synonyms: confusion, a dilemma, predicament
recalcitrant
threaten to punish the recalcitrant children
recalcitrant
(adj.) stubbornly disobedient, resisting authority
synonyms: unruly, obstinate, contrary, ornery
antonyms: obedient, docile, cooperative, compliant
reprisal
fear what they will do in reprisal
reprisal
(n.) an injury done in return for an injury
synonyms: retaliation, revenge, retribution
revel
revel in the attention
revel
(v.) to take great pleasure in; (n.) a wild celebration
synonyms: to relish, savor, bask in; to carouse
antonyms: to abhor, loathe
stultify
stultify by the oppressive heat
stultify
(v.) to make ineffective or useless, cripple; to have a dulling effect on
synonyms: to smother, stifle; to neutralize, negate
antonyms: to arouse, excite, inspire, stimulate
suave
a suave man-about-town
suave
(adj.) smoothly agreeable or polite; pleasing to the senses
synonyms: sophisticated, urbane, polished
antonyms: unpolished, crude, clumsy, oafish, loutish
Unit 9
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
allocate
allocate funds for the project
allocate
(v.) to set apart or designate for a special purpose; to distribute
synonyms: to assign, allot, apportion
ardent
(adj.) very enthusiastic, impassionedsynonyms: intense, zealous, fervent,
avidantonyms: indifferent, stolid,
phlegmatic, apathetic
assiduous
an assiduous student
assiduous
(adj). persistent, attentive, diligentsynonyms: industrious, unremitting,
sedulousantonyms: lazy, lackadaisical,
shiftless
brash
a brash young hothead
brash
(adj.) prone to act in a hasty manner; impudent
synonyms: rash, impetuous; brazen, impertinent
antonyms: prudent, wary, cautious, circumspect
capricious
confused by his capricious behavior
capricious
(adj.) subject to whims or passing fancies
synonyms: impulsive, fickle, unpredictable, mercurial
antonyms: constant, steady, steadfast, unwavering
chastise
(v.) to inflict physical punishment as a means of correction; to scold severely
synonyms: to discipline, censure, call on the carpet
antonyms: to commend, pat on the back; to reward
copious
take copious notes
copious
(adj). abundant, plentiful; wordy, verbose
synonyms: ample, profuse, bountifulantonyms: inadequate, meager,
scanty; concise
deviate
(v.) to stray aside; (n.) one who departs from a norm; (adj.) unconventional
synonyms: to diverge, veer, swerveantonyms: to conform to, abide by;
orthodox
emaciated
the starving man’s emaciated body
emaciated
(adj., part.) made unnaturally thinsynonyms: gaunt, withered,
shriveled, all skin and bonesantonyms: plump, fat, obese,
corpulent
exult
exult in their unexpected victory
exult
(v.) to rejoice greatlysynonyms: to revel, glory inantonyms: to mope, sulk; to regret,
rue, lament
gnarled
the gnarled limbs of the oak tree
gnarled
(adj.) knotted, twisted, lumpysynonyms: misshapen, contortedantonyms: smooth, unblemished,
straight
indemnity
demand some indemnity for his losses
indemnity
(n.) a payment for damage or loss
synonyms: compensation, restitution, reparation
inkling
gave no inkling of how she really felt
inkling
(n.) a hint; a vague notion
synonyms: a clue, intimation, suggestion
limpid
the limpid waters of a mountain lake
limpid
(adj.) clear, transparent; readily understood
synonyms: lucid, intelligible; transparent, clear
antonyms: clouded, murky, opaque
omnipotent
do not want an omnipotent ruler
omnipotent
(adj.) almighty, having unlimited power or authority
synonyms: all-powerfulantonyms: powerless, impotent,
feeble, weak
palatable
find the cafeteria food most palatable
palatable
(adj.) agreeable to the taste or one’s sensibilities; suitable for consumption
synonyms: edible; appetizing, attractive
antonyms: inedible; distasteful, disagreeable
poignant
a poignant death scene
poignant
(adj.) deeply affecting, touching; keen or sharp in taste or smell
synonyms: heartrending, bittersweet, melancholy
antonyms: unaffecting, bland, vapid, insipid; funny
rancor
feel no rancor at his defeat
rancor
felt no rancor at his defeat
rancor
(n.) bittersweet resentment or ill-willsynonyms: animosity, enmity,
bitternessantonyms: goodwill, harmony,
rapport, amity
sophomoric
vexed by their sophomoric comments
sophomoric
(adj.) immature but overconfident; conceited
synonyms: pretentious; superficial, fatuous
antonyms: mature; judicious, sage; knowledgeable
spontaneous
the spontaneous reaction of a child
spontaneous
(adj.) arising naturally; not planned or engineered in advance
synonyms: unpremeditated, unplanned, impromptu
antonyms: planned, contrived, premeditated, rehearsed
Unit 10
Vocabulary Workshop
Level E
Regular 10 English
acquiesce
acquiesce to her parents’ request
acquiesce
(v.) to accept without protest; to agree or submit
synonyms: comply with, accede, consent, yield
antonyms: resist, protest
allure
allured by dreams of stardom
allure
(v.) to entice, tempt,; to be attractive to (n.) a strong attraction; the power to attract, charm
synonyms: (v.) beguile, tantalize; (n.) temptation, enticement
antonyms: (v.) repel, turn off (n.) repellant
askew
his face askew when he sneezed
askew
(adj., adv.) twisted to one side, crooked; disapprovingly
synonyms: awry, lopsided, cockeyed
antonyms: straight, symmetrical
blithe
blithe boys who won the lottery
blithe
(adj.) cheerful, lighthearted; casual, unconcerned
synonyms: carefree, nonchalant, indifferent
antonyms: glum, morose, despondent, depressed
contentious
the contentious countries
contentious
(adj.) quarrelsome, inclined to argue
synonyms: argumentative, disputatious, combative
antonyms: agreeable, amiable, affable, pacific
covet
covet the dress she was wearing
covet
(v.) to desire something belonging to another
synonyms: crave, yearn for, hunger for
antonyms: disdain, scorn, despise
crestfallen
crestfallen after losing the game
crestfallen
(adj.) discouraged, dejected, downcast
synonyms: despondent, disconsolate
antonyms: elated, cheerful, self-satisfied, cocky
disheveled
his disheveled hair
disheveled
(adj.) rumpled, mussed; hanging in disorder
synonyms: untidy, disarranged, tousled, unkempt
antonyms: tidy, neat, orderly, well-groomed
exponent
an exponent of constant reading
exponent (n.) none who advocates, speaks for,
explains, or interprets; (math) the power to which a number, symbol, or expression is to be raised
synonyms: defender, champion, interpreter
antonyms: critic, adversary, faultfinder, detractor
garrulous
the garrulous girls
garrulous
(adj.) given to much talking, tediously chatty
synonyms: talkative, loquacious, long-winded
antonyms: reticent, mum, taciturn, laconic, reserved
insuperable
the insuperable Super Bowl winners
insuperable
(adj.) incapable of being overcome
synonyms: invincible, insurmountable
antonyms: surmountable, conquerable
lamentable
the lamentable conditions after Katrina
lamentable
(adj.) to be regretted or pitied
synonyms: deplorable, regrettable, distressing
antonyms: praiseworthy, commendable, laudable
misnomer
“Danger” is no misnomer
misnomer
(n.) an unsuitable or misleading name
synonyms: misnaming, malapropism
profess
professes to be a baseball fan
profess
(v.) to affirm openly; to state belief in; to claim, pretend
synonyms: assert, declare, proclaim, purport
antonyms: disclaim, disavow, repudiate
respite
respite from school during vacation
respite
(n.) a brief period of relief or rest
synonyms: interval, intermission, lull, breather
retribution
(n.) a repayment; a deserved punishment
synonyms: recompense, requital, just desserts
sinuous
the sinuous road along the Delaware River
sinuous
(adj.) winding, having many curves; lithe and flexible
synonyms: twisting, convoluted, serpentine, supple
antonyms: direct, straight, unbending, stiff, rigid
sonorous
the sonorous snoring of the man
sonorous
(adj.) full, deep, or rich in sound; impressive in style
synonyms: resonant, resounding, grandiloquent
antonyms: tinny, reedy, harsh, grating
vanguard
Apple computers, the vanguard of technology
vanguard
(n.) the foremost part of an army; the leading position in any field
synonyms: forefront, cutting edge, trailblazers
antonyms: rear guard, stragglers, laggards
wastrel
a wastrel at Bloomingdales
wastrel
(n.) a wasteful person, spendthrift; a good-for-nothing
synonyms: loafer, idler, squanderer, profligate
antonyms: skinflint, tightwad, miser
Chapter 11
Vocabulary Workshop
Level E –
Regular 10 English
allude
allude to the fight in the hall
allude
(v.) to refer to casually or indirectly
synonyms: suggest, insinuate, hint at, intimate
clairvoyant
visited the clairvoyant sports announcer
clairvoyant (adj.) supernaturally perceptive (n.) one who possesses extrasensory powers, seer synonyms: (adj.) insightful, discerning,
uncanny; (n.) visionary antonyms: (adj.) blind, unseeing, myopic, dense, imperceptive
conclusive
conclusive evidence about the murder
conclusive
(adj.) serving to settle an issue; final
synonyms: decisive, indisputable, convincing, definitive
antonyms: unsettled, provisional, indefinite
disreputable
the disreputable street corner
disreputable
(adj.) not respectable, not esteemed
synonyms: disgraceful, discreditable, shady
antonyms: honest, aboveboard, respectable, creditable
endemic
the palm trees endemic to Florida
endemic
(adj.) native or confined to a particular region or people; characteristic of or prevalent in a field
synonyms: indigenous, restricted to
antonyms: alien, foreign, extraneous
exemplary
the exemplary I-Search paper which received an “A”
exemplary
(adj.) worthy of imitation, commendable; serving as a model
synonyms: praiseworthy, meritorious, sterling, illustrative
antonyms: infamous, notorious, scandalous, disreputable
fathom
tried to fathom the math problem
fathom
(v.) to understand, get to the bottom; to determine the depth of; (n.) a measure of depth in water
synonyms: (v.) grasp, comprehend, figure out, plumb
guile
the liar’s guile
guile
(n.) treacherous cunning, deceit synonyms: trickery, duplicity,
chicanery
antonyms: candor, artlessness, naïveté, plain dealing
integrity
the integrity of the boy who never cheated
integrity
(n.) honesty, high moral standards; an unimpaired condition, completeness, soundness
synonyms: rectitude, probity
antonyms: dishonesty, corruption, turpitude
itinerary
the itinerary for the class trip to Florida
itinerary
(n.) a route of travel; a record of travel; a guidebook
synonyms: schedule, program
misconstrue
misconstrue the car dealer’s offer
misconstrue
(v.) to interpret wrongly, mistake the meaning of
synonyms: misjudge, misinterpret
obnoxious
the obnoxious smell of rotting fish
obnoxious
(adj.) highly offensive; arousing strong dislike
synonyms: disagreeable, repugnant, hateful, odious
antonyms: agreeable, pleasing, engaging, personable
placate
placate the fussy baby
placate
(v.) to appease, soothe, pacify
synonyms: satisfy, mollify, allay, conciliate
antonyms: vex, irk, provoke, exasperate, annoy
placid
the placid lake
placid
(adj.) calm, peaceful
synonyms: undisturbed, tranquil, quiet, serene
antonyms: stormy, agitated, turbulent, tempestuous
plagiarism
failed the paper because of plagiarism
plagiarism
(n.) passing off or using as one’s own the writing (or other materials) of another person
synonyms: piracy, theft
potent
the potent antibiotic
potent
(adj.) powerful; highly effective
synonyms: mighty, forcible, formidable
antonyms: weak, inept, feckless, powerless, ineffective
pretext
the pretext that she was absent due to illness
pretext
(n.) a false reason, deceptive excuse
synonyms: pretense, cover story, rationale, evasion
protrude
the tooth that protrudes
protrude
(v.) to stick out, thrust forth
synonyms: project, jut out, bulge
stark
the stark desert
stark
(adj.) harsh, unrelieved, desolate; (adv) utterly
synonyms: (adj.) sheer, downright, grim, bleak; (adv.) absolutely
antonyms: (adj.) bright, cheerful, embellished, ornate
superficial
the superficial wound on his hand
superficial
(adj.) on or near the surface; concerned with or understanding only what is on the surface, shallow
synonyms: skin-deep, insubstantial, cursory, slapdash
antonyms: deep, profound, thorough, exhaustive
Unit 12
Vocabulary Workshop Level E – Regular 10 English
abjure
Prospero abjures his powers over nature
abjure
(v.) to renounce, repudiate under oath, to avoid, shun
synonyms: forswear, retract, recant, abstain from
antonyms : affirm, avow, aver, profess
acrid
the acrid stench of the fire
acrid
(adj.) harsh in taste or odor; sharp in manner or temper
synonyms: irritating, stinging, bitter, caustic
antonyms: gentle, soothing, mild
august
august visages of four of America’s great presidents
august
(adj.) majestic, inspiring admiration and respect
synonyms: stately, dignified, exalted, venerable
antonyms: humble, base, mean, lowly, abject
callous
accused the mayor of callous indifference
callous
(adj.) emotionally hardened, unfeeling
synonyms: insensitive, unsympathetic, thick-skinned
antonyms: sensitive, compassionate, tenderhearted
clandestine
clandestine search by the FBI
clandestine
(adj.) secret, concealed, underhanded
synonyms: covert, furtive, surreptitious, stealthy
antonyms: open, overt, undisguised, aboveboard
compunction
no compunction about his cheating
compunction
(n.) remorse, regret
synonyms: scruple, qualm, misgiving, contrition
antonyms: shamelessness, insouciance, nonchalance
conflagration
squirting water on the conflagration
conflagration
(n.) a large, destructive fire
synonyms: holocaust, wildfire
antonyms: deluge, flood
elated
elated women on South Street
elated
(adj. part.) in high spirits, jubilant, extremely pleased
synonyms: overjoyed, ecstatic, tickled pink
antonyms: depressed, crestfallen, despondent, blue
indelible
indelible ink stain on the board
indelible
(adj.) not able to be erased or removed; memorable
synonyms: lasting, permanent, unforgettable
antonyms: erasable, impermanent, ephemeral
indulgent
indulgent father bought the spoiled boy a Corvette
indulgent
(adj.) yielding to the wishes or demands of others
synonyms: lenient, permissive, tolerant, liberal
antonyms: strict, severe, inflexible, hard-nosed
inveterate
an inveterate liar
inveterate
(adj.) firmly established
synonyms: persisting, chronic, dyed-in-the-wool
antonyms: sporadic, intermittent, occasional
irrelevant
irrelevant sentences in the essay
irrelevant
(adj.) not to the point, not applicable or pertinent
synonyms: inapplicable, immaterial, beside the point
antonyms: pertinent, material, apropos, germane
nocturnal
nocturnal animals including raccoons
nocturnal
(adj.) of or occurring in the night; under cover of darkness
synonyms: nighttime
antonyms: daytime, diurnal
platitude
the teacher’s platitudes
platitude
(n.) a commonplace, stale, or trite remark
synonyms: cliché, truism, bromide
antonyms: epigram, quip, witticism, bon mot
quell
quell the riot
quell
(v.) to subdue, put down forcibly
synonyms: suppress, pacify, squelch, quash, crush
antonyms: incite, provoke, arouse, foment, stir up
quiescent
the quiescent, sleeping child
quiescent
(adj.) inactive, at rest
synonyms: still, inert, motionless, dormant, tranquil
antonyms: active, thriving, lively, bustling, volatile
ruminate
ruminate on that for awhile
ruminate
(v.) to meditate, think about at length
synonyms: ponder, reflect, mull over, muse
tacit
a tacit understanding with each other
tacit
(adj.) unspoken, silent; implied, inferred
synonyms: unexpressed, unvoiced, understood, implicit
antonyms: explicit, express, specific
tangible
tangible progress toward a settlement
tangible
(adj.) capable of being touched; real, concrete
synonyms: perceptible, actual, evident, palpable
antonyms: immaterial, imperceptible, insubstantial
trenchant
the trenchant satires of Jonathan Swift
trenchant
(adj.) incisive, keen; forceful, effective; cutting, caustic; distinct, clear-cut
synonyms: penetrating, cutting, telling, acute
antonyms: dull, bland, vapid, imperceptive
Unit 13
Vocabulary Workshop Level E - Regular 10 English
antipathy
has an antipathy for spinach
antipathy
(n.) a strong dislike, hostile feelingsynonyms: hostility, enmity,
aversion, bad bloodantonyms: attraction, appeal, allure,
sympathy
applicable
not applicable to this case
applicable
(adj.) capable of being applied; relevant, suitable
synonyms: appropriate, relevant, fit, apt, apposite
antonyms: inappropriate, unsuitable, irrelevant
asset
the company’s asset
asset
(n.) something of value; a resource; an advantage
synonyms: a property, possession, holding, endowment
antonyms: a drawback, handicap, liability
beset
beset with many fears
beset
(v.) to attack from all sides; to surround, hem in (part.) harassed, troubled
synonyms: to assail, harass, badger, pester, torment
compassion
felt compassion for the poor
compassion
(n.) sympathy for another’s suffering; pity
synonyms: concern, pity, commiseration, empathy
antonyms: indifference, callousness, heartlessness
decorum
disturb the decorum of the meeting
decorum
(noun) proper behavior, good taste; orderliness
synonyms: seemliness, good form, propriety
antonyms: impropriety, bad form, bad taste
duress
confessed under duress
duress
(n.) compulsion by threat; forcible confinement
synonyms: compulsion, intimidation, coercion
exuberant
unable to control their exuberant spirits
exuberant
(adj.) high spirited, enthusiastic, unrestrained, excessive, abundant
synonyms: lively, ebullient, irrepressible; lavish
antonyms: depressed, despondent, sulky
facsimile
obtain a facsimile of the Constitution
facsimile
(n.) an exact copysynonyms: a replica, duplicate,
reproduction, cloneantonyms: a variation, modification,
permutation
imbibe
imbibe knowledge from many sources
imbibe
(v.) to drink; to take in, absorbsynonyms: to swallow, gulp, quaff;
to assimilate, digestantonyms: to eject, emit, expel,
discharge
implacable
fighting against an implacable enemy
implacable
(adj.) not to be satisfied or pacified; unyielding
synonyms: relentless, inexorable, unappeasable
antonyms: lenient, indulgent, permissive; flexible
an infinitesimal amount of dust
infinitesimal
infinitesimal
(adj.) so small as to be almost immeasurable; minute
synonyms: tiny, microscopic, minuscule; unnoticeable
antonyms: vast, immense, huge, infinite
innocuous
makes innocuous remarks
innocuous
(adj.) harmless, inoffensive; insignificant
synonyms: feeble, impotent; unobjectionable; insipid
antonyms: harmful, dangerous, pernicious, toxic, virulent
militate
since the present situation militates against the success of the undertaking
militate
(v.) to have effect or force on or against someone or something
synonyms: to counter, oppose, work against
patent
make a patent error
patent
(n.) exclusive rights over an invention; copyright (v.) to arrange or obtain such rights (adj.) plain, open to view; copyrighted
synonyms: evident, plainantonyms: hidden, clandestine
prowess
won fame for his military prowess
prowess
(n.) distinguished bravery; superior skill or ability
synonyms: valor, courage, heroism, mastery, proficiency
antonyms: cowardice, incompetence, ineptitude
sedate
conduct herself in a sedate manner
sedate
(adj.) quiet, settled, sober (v.) to administer a tranquilizer
synonyms: unruffled, composed, cool and collected
antonyms: loud, brash, flashy, flamboyant; flighty, giddy
stentorian
the speaker’s stentorian delivery
stentorian
(adj.) extremely loudsynonyms: thundering, booming,
deafening, earsplittingantonyms: hushed, inaudible,
whispered, mute
stipulate
stipulate the terms of employment
stipulate
(v.) to arrange specifically; to require as a condition of agreement
synonyms: to specify, require, contract, provide for
ultimatum
present an ultimatum to the enemy
ultimatum
(n.) a final proposal or statement of conditions
synonym: final termsantonyms: persuasion, coaxing,
sweet talk, cajolery
Chapter 14
Vocabulary Workshop
Level E
Regular 10 English
alacrity
firemen responded with alacrity
alacrity
(n.) a cheerful readiness; brisk and eager action
synonyms: promptness, willingness, dispatch, celerity
antonyms: reluctance, unwillingness, hesitancy
alleviate
an aspirin to alleviate the pain
alleviate
(v.) to relieve, make more bearable
synonyms: lessen, lighten, allay, mitigate, assuage
antithesis
the antithesis of our government
antithesis
(n.) the direct opposite, a sharp contrast
synonyms: contrary, antipode
appall
the assassination appalled the nation
appall
(v.) to fill with dismay or horror
synonyms: shock, stun, stupefy, horrify
antonyms: please, cheer, gladden, elate, exhilarate
bellicose
the bellicose dictator
bellicose
(adj.) warlike in manner or temperament; quarrelsome
synonyms: aggressive, combative, belligerent
antonyms: amicable, peaceable, conciliatory, pacific
disparage
disparage their efforts
disparage
(v.) to belittle, speak slightingly of; to undervalue
synonyms: degrade, decry, run down, underrate
antonyms: praise, extol, laud, plug
dissonant
the sound of dissonant voices
dissonant
(adj.) not in harmony; disagreeing, at odds
synonyms: grating, strident, unmelodious, irreconcilable
antonyms: harmonious, agreeing, euphonious
droll
a droll sense of humor
droll
(adj.) amusingly odd
synonyms: comical, humorous, whimsical, zany
antonyms: humorless, solemn, dour
edict
banished forever by a royal edict
edict
(n.) an order issued by someone in authority
synonyms: command, decree, proclamation
elucidate
a text hard to elucidate
elucidate
(v.) to clarify, explain
synonyms: interpret, expound, explicate
antonyms: obscure, becloud, muddy, obfuscate
laud
laud the fine performance
laud
(v.) to praise
synonyms: hail, extol, glorify, exalt
antonyms: criticize, censure, belittle, disparage
loll
loll in a hammock under the trees
loll
(v.) to act in a lazy manner; to lounge; to recline, droop
synonyms: loaf, loiter, sag, dangle
loquacious
(adj.) talkative; wordy, fond of talking
synonyms: gossipy, voluble, garrulous, long-winded
antonyms: petty, selfish, unforgiving, spiteful
magnanimous
a magnanimous donation to charity
magnanimous
(adj.) generous in forgiving; above small meanness
synonyms: unselfish, charitable, noble, bighearted
antonyms: petty, selfish, unforgiving, spiteful
mandatory
the mandatory assignment due
tomorrow
mandatory
(adj.) required, obligatory
synonyms: compulsory, requisite, imperative
antonyms: optional, voluntary, discretionary
nondescript
the nondescript, drab dress
nondescript
(adj.) ordinary, not outstanding; not easily classified
synonyms: plain, unremarkable, unimpressive
antonyms: distinctive, remarkable, vivid, prepossessing
phlegmatic
as phlegmatic as a sloth
phlegmatic
(adj.) slow-moving, sluggish, unemotional
synonyms: lethargic, indolent, torpid, stolid, impassive
antonyms: emotional, sensitive, thin-skinned, excitable
rescind
rescinded the previous law
rescind
(v.) to repeal, cancel
synonyms: withdraw, revoke, retract, annul, abrogate
antonyms: affirm, endorse, uphold, ratify
vivacious
the vivacious cheerleader
vivacious
(adj.) lively, sprightly, full of energy
synonyms: spirited, animated, ebullient
antonyms: dull, spiritless, listless, indolent, languid
whet
whet your curiosity
whet
(v.) to sharpen, put an edge on; to make keen or eager
synonyms: hone, excite, stimulate
antonyms: dull, blunt, deaden, stifle, dampen
Unit 15
Vocabulary Workshop
Level E
Regular 10 English
abrasive
abrasive cleansers that leave scratches
abrasive
(adj.) causing irritation, harsh; grinding or wearing down; (n.) substance used to smooth or polish
synonyms (adj.) chafing, grating, rasping, erosive
antonyms (adj.) smooth, polished, satiny, oily unctuous
acclimate
acclimate to the new school
acclimate
(v.) to adapt to a new climate, environment, or situation
synonyms: accustom, learn the
ropes
chagrin
felt chagrin after missing the basket
chagrin
(n.) irritation or humiliation caused by disappointment or frustration ((v.) to cause such a feeling
synonyms: (n.) vexation, mortification; (v,) abash, mortify
antonyms: (n.) jubilation, exultation, triumph; (v.) exult, delight
complacent
complacent about his grades
complacent
(adj.) self-satisfied; overly content
synonyms: smug, pleased with oneself
antonyms: discontented, chagrined
concur
concurred with the manager’s decision
concur
(v.) to express agreement, approve
synonyms: agree, assent, ratify, approve
antonyms: disagree, differ, part company
defamation
sued for defamation
defamation
(n.) slander or libel
synonyms: vilification, calumny, mudslinging
antonyms: salute, tribute, testimonial, praise
explicate
explicate the themes of the novel
explicate
(v.) to make plain or clear, explain; to interpret
synonyms: clarify, elucidate, untangle, spell out
antonyms: confuse, bewilder, obscure, obfuscate
fracas
a fracas during the hockey game
fracas
(n.) a noisy quarrel or brawl
synonyms: row, altercation, rhubarb, brouhaha
antonyms: agreement, accord, unanimity, harmony
grotesque
grotesque pictures on the walls of the house
grotesque
(adj.) unnatural, distorted; bizarre
synonyms: fantastic, outlandish, ugly, deformed
antonyms: appealing, attractive, comely
pandemonium
pandemonium on Fridays on South Street
pandemonium
(n.) a wild uproar, din, or commotion
synonyms: chaos, tumult, bedlam, three-ring circus
antonyms: order, calm, tranquility, peace, repose
raucous
heard the loud raucous in the hallway
raucous
(adj.) disagreeably harsh-sounding, disorderly
synonyms: boisterous, clamorous, strident
antonyms: placid, tranquil, peaceful, serene, pastoral
receptive
receptive to new ideas
receptive
(adj.) open and responsive to new ideas or suggestions
synonyms: open-minded, tolerant, amenable
antonyms: narrow-minded, intolerant, hidebound
renounce
renounce his previous beliefs
renounce
(v.) to give up or resign something
synonyms: repudiate, disown, abdicate, abjure
antonyms: retain, secure, affirm, assent, aver
repress
(v.) to hold back; to put down or check by force
synonyms: subdue, curb, stifle, constrain, bottle up
antonyms: liberate, set loose, provoke, excite
reticent
(adj.) not inclined to speak; reserved, reluctant
synonyms: taciturn, closemouthed, tight-lipped
antonyms: talkative, garrulous, voluble, long-winded
savory
a savory meal in the school cafeteria
savory
(adj.) tasty, appetizing; pungent or salty, not sweet; inoffensive, respectable
synonyms: delectable, flavorful, aromatic, piquant
antonyms: distasteful, unpalatable, malodorous, bland
somnolent
the somnolent students in the morning
somnolent
(adj.) sleepy, drowsy, inducing sleep
synonyms: groggy, soporific
antonyms: alert, lively, wide-awake, stimulating
vehement
vehement about despising racism
vehement
(adj.) intense, forceful, powerful
synonyms: emphatic, fierce, vigorous, impassioned
antonyms: uncommunicative, reticent, taciturn, terse
voluble
voluble students who interrupted their peers
voluble
(adj.) characterized by a steady flow of words; glib, fluent
synonyms: loquacious, garrulous, long-winded, prolix
antonyms: reluctant, unwilling, averse, tepid
zealous
zealous about doing vocabulary assignments
zealous
(adj.) eager, earnest, devoted
synonyms: ardent, fervent, devout, dogged, gung ho
antonyms: reluctant, unwilling, averse, tepid