vocabulary and properties. determine the word or phrase described in each slide
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 1Vocabulary and
Properties
Vocabulary Determine the word or phrase described in each slide
The distance of a number from zero on a number line is called its
Absolute value
A mathematical phrase that can include numbers, variables, and operation symbols is known as an
Algebraic expression
The opposite of a number is known as its
Additive inverse
A power consists of two parts, a
A base and an exponent
A mathematical phrase involving numbers and
operation symbols, but no variables is known as a
Numerical expression
The expression under a square root symbol is called the
radicand
Together, the radical symbol and the radicand are referred to as a
radical
A collection of objects is known as a
set
The set of numbers {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, . . . } is known as the set of
Natural (or counting) numbers
The set of numbers {0, 1, 2, 3, . . .} is known as the set of
Whole numbers
The set of numbers {. . . , -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, . . .} is known as the set of
integers
The numerical factor of a term is called a
coefficient
A term that has no variables is a
constant
Two number lines that intersect at right angles form a
Coordinate plane
The numbers in an ordered pair are called
coordinates
Any example that proves a statement false is a
counterexample
Reasoning logically from given facts to a conclusion is known as
Deductive reasoning
A mathematical sentence that uses an equal sign is an
equation
Two algebraic expressions that have the same value for all values of the variable(s) are called
Equivalent expressions
Any value of the variable that makes an equation true is called
A solution of the equation
A solution of an equation containing two variables x and y is
An ordered pair of numbers
The process of reaching a conclusion based on an observed pattern is called
Inductive reasoning
Substituting a given number for each variable in an algebraic expression is called
Evaluating the expression
A mathematical sentence that compares values of two expressions using symbols such as < or > is called an
inequality
Terms that have exactly the same variable factors are called
Like (or similar) terms
Another name for the multiplicative inverse of a number is
reciprocal
An equation that contains one or more variables is an
Open sentence
Numbers the same distance from zero on a number line are called
opposites
The x and y axes divide the coordinate plane into four sections called
quadrants
Any number that may be written as a fraction is called a
Rational number
The set of rational numbers and irrational numbers make up the set of
Real numbers
Replacing a numerical expression with its simplest name is called
Simplifying the expression
In an algebraic expression, a number, variable, or the product of a number and one or more variables is called a
term
A symbol used to represent one or more numbers is called a
variable
PropertiesIdentify the following properties of real numbers
a + b = b + a
The Commutative Property of Addition
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
The Associative Property of Addition
a + 0 = a
The Identity Property of Addition
a + (-a) = 0
The Inverse Property of Addition
a x b = b x a
The Commutative Property of Multiplication
(a b) c = a (b c)
The Associative Property of Multiplication
a x 1 = a
The Identity Property of Multiplication
a(1/a) = 1
The Inverse Property of Multiplication
a(b + c) = ab + ac
The Distributive Property
a x 0 = 0
The Zero Property of Multiplication
-1 x a = -a
The Multiplication Property of -1