Vocabulary 17: End of the Frontier Cut out each picture and paste into the notebook on the left side of the page. Next to each picture, define the term in seven words or less. Words followed by an asterisk (*) will be defined below.

frontier

reservations

Morrill Act

transcontinental railroad

boomtowns

sodbusters

cattle drive

Homestead Act

deflation

People to Know The following people played key roles in the time period they lived in. Paste their pictures on the left side of the assigned page. To the right of the picture, write who the person was (ten words or less) and why they were important (five bullets of seven words or less per bullet).

Example:

who: • Italian sailor, adventurer who sailed for Spain importance: • searched for a trade route to Asia • discovered the New World • established Spain as the great American power • started European exploration of the Americas • introduced European diseases to the New World

Crazy Horse

George Armstrong Custer

Sitting Bull

William Jennings Bryan

Annie Bidwell

Sarah Winnemucca

Example

Mining Directions: Read “Mining Boom Brings Growth” beginning on page 546. For each column, list how mining affected each subject. Cut out and paste into the notebook.

Mining

Big Business Settlers New Towns

Populist Party Directions: Read the article “Farmers’ Political Groups” beginning on page 562. Fill in the empty boxes with information that describes the effects on farmers. Cut out and paste into the notebook.

Cause Effect

The United States was on the gold standard.

Farmers supported the Free Silver Movement.

Farmers’ Alliance formed the Populist Party that supported Williams Jennings Bryan for president.

Cattle Kingdom Directions: Read “The Cattle Kingdom” beginning on page 548. Use the words in the word bank and fill in the empty boxes. Cut out diagram and paste into notebook.

Cattle Kingdom longhorn Cattle Kingdom Abilene, Kansas railroads money winters bankrupt range wars beef

beginning

After the Civil War the East demanded more

High demand meant cattle sold in the East brought more

A rugged, popular type of cattle was the

Cattle Kingdom

Cattle raised on the Great Plains became apart of the

Cowboys moved cattle on trails to cowtowns like

Cattle was transported back East on the

end

Competition for land led to

In 1885 and 1886, many cattle died after severe

Many large ranchers went

Transcontinental Railroad Directions: Read the text titled “The Transcontinental Railroad” beginning on page 550. Complete the chart with information about the Central Pacific and Union Pacific. Cut out and paste into your notebook.

Central Pacific Union Pacific differences similarities differences

Buffalo Directions: Read the article “Settlers Encounter the Plains Indians” beginning on page 553. Write down a fact in each box about how Plains Indians used the buffalo. Cut out the graphic organizer and paste into your notebook.

Plains Indians relied upon the buffalo for

survival.

GREAT EVENT Rail Road from the Atlantic to the Pacific

GRAND OPENING OF THE

Railroad Poster Directions: Cut out and paste into notebook. Under the poster, write each question below and answer in complete sentences. 1. What railroad is being advertised? 2. Where do passengers begin their trip and where do they expect to arrive? 3. What are some reasons for Americans to travel by train? 4. What are some reasons the advertisement gives to attract people to go West? 5. What city is the company office located?

Union pacific

PLATTEVALLEYROUTE. PASSENGER TRAINS LEAVE

OMAHA ON THE ARRIVAL OF TRAINS FROM THE EAST.

THROUGH TO SAN FRANCISCO In less than Four Days, avoiding the Dangers of the Sea!

Travelers for Pleasure, Health or Business Will find a Trip over The Rocky Mountains Healthy and Pleasant LUXURIOUS CARS & EATING HOUSES

ON THE UNION PACIFIC RAIL ROAD. PULLMAN’S PALACE SLEEPING CARS

RUN WITH ALL THROUGH PASSENGER TRAINS. GOLD, SILVER AND OTHER MINERS! Now is the time to seek your Fortunes in Utah, Oregon,

Montana, New Mexico, Idaho, Nevada or California. Company’s Office 72 La Salle St., opposite City Hall and Court

House Square, Chicago. CHARLES E. NICHOLS, Ticket Agent

Indian Treaties Directions: Read “Settlers Encounter the Plains Indians,” “Fighting on the Plains,” beginning on page 553, and the map on page 554. Fill in the empty boxes below with facts about the Plains Indians. Cut out and paste into your notebook. Year Title Event

1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie

1853 Recognized Indian claims to most of the Great Plains.

Gold Rush

Eighty-one U.S. cavalry troops killed by Crazy Horse.

1867

Second Treaty of Fort Laramie

Colonel Custer and 264 soldiers killed by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse.

1890

National Grange Directions: Read the article “Farmers’ Political Groups” beginning on page 562. Write down a fact in each box about how the Grange supported farmers. Cut out the graphic organizer and paste into your notebook.

The National Grange