vlans virtual local area networks ba 479. who are we? ryan winklepleck senior, business, mis, this...
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VLANs
Virtual Local Area Networks
BA 479
Who are we? Ryan Winklepleck
Senior, Business, MIS, this ‘boy wonder’ is 21-years-old and still figuring out post-college life, possibly the circus is hiring?
Kameel Husain Senior, Business, MIS, would like to work with graphic designs
and databases. Likes milk, bones are as strong as antimantium, cage fighter.
Rob Jerand Senior, Business, MIS, always up for kegstands and dollar
beers, enjoys running from the Cops, giving beer cans to the bums, and my future consists of either being a janitor at Microsoft, or live in my parent’s basement and do nothing.
Andrew Grill Jr. III Bats: R, Throws: R, Avg: .405, RBI: 132, HR: 59, Triple Crown
MVP, after a gamma blast accident, you don’t want to see him when he’s angry. Business, MIS, accounting intern at weyerhaeuser and plans to work there in the future.
VLAN - Brief Introduction
Five W’s and an H…
VLAN Introduction
What? “Networks in which computers are assigned to LAN
segments by software rather than by hardware.” Who?
Us Why?
Often faster, while providing greater opportunities to manage the flow of traffic on the LAN and Backbone Network (BN) in comparison to traditional LAN and routed BN architectures.
VLAN Introduction
Where? Hosting Centers and Ethernet Metropolitan
Area Network (MAN)
When? Due to their complexity, usually only used for
large networks.
And the H…
VLAN History
Thought it was going to be How?
VLAN History
First Products: Segmentable Switches Allows creation of two or more virtual
switches from a single switch. Assigning individual ports to a specific virtual
switch. First products allowed switching of multiple
segments on a single switch, as well as offering a monetary advantage over switched Ethernet ports which cost $700 or more at the time.
VLAN Background
However, VLAN Backwards would be NALV…
VLAN Background
Local Area Networks (LAN) Generally defined as a broadcast domain. “Hubs, bridges, or switches on the same physical
segment or segments connect end node devices” A router is not needed for end nodes on the same
LAN segment to communicate with each other. However a router is necessary for these devices to
communicate with devices on other LAN segments.
VLAN Background
To the left, a LAN environment connected by routers
Drawback: Routers add latency
that delays the transmission of data
Solution? Switched Network
VLAN Background
To the right, a LAN environment connected by switches. Speed and latency
advantages. Drawback:
All end nodes (or hosts) are in same broadcast domain, which adds to the network a significant amount of traffic that is seen by all hosts.
Solution? Switched Network w/VLANs
Single-Switch VLAN
Single-Switch VLAN
The VLAN operates only inside one switch.
Computers, dozens or even hundreds, on the VLAN are connected into this switch and assigned by software into different VLAN segments.
VLAN segments act as though they are connected to the same physical switch or hub.
Single-Switch VLAN cont.
It’s possible to have one computer only in a VLAN. (Servers)
Four ways in which computers attached to a VLAN can be assigned to specific VLANs inside them …:
1. Port-based VLANs (layer-1 VLANs)
2. MAC-based VLANs (layer-2 VLANs)
3. IP-based VLANs (layer-3 VLANS)
4. Application-based VLANs (layer-4 or policy-based VLANS)
Port-based VLANs (layer-1 VLANs)
Uses physical layer port number on the front of the VLAN switch to assign computers to VLAN segments.
All computers are physically cabled into a specific port on the VLAN switch.
A software is used to instruct the switch as to which ports are assigned to which VLAN.
MAC-based VLANs (layer-2 VLANs)
Uses data link layer address or physical address to form VLANs.
A software is used to instruct the switch as to which incoming data link layer addresses are assigned to which VLAN segment.
Easier to manage than Port-based.
Multi-Switch VLAN
Multi Switch Approach
Layer 3 Layer 4 IEEE 802.1Q
Layer 3
Network layer
serves as the backbone for network traffic going across different VLANs.
provides logical routing interfaces to VLANs on Layer 2 switches. A traditional network requires a physical interface from a router to a switch to perform inter VLAN routing.
Layer 4
Transport Layer
Decides on where to send the packets. sends incoming packets to one or more
machines which are hidden behind a single IP address.
IEEE 802.1Q
allows multiple bridged networks to transparently share the same physical network link without leaking information
VLAN Benefits
What is Yreka Bakery spelled backwards?
Benefits
Performance VLANs can reduce sending traffic to unnecessary destinations
Formation of Virtual Workgroups Segment sections of business (marketing, accounting, etc) by
VLAN Drawback – distance in physical location, centralized server
farms
Simplified Administration Adding, changing, moving user accounts no new
reconfiguration of hubs/routers necessary
Benefits
Reduce Costs VLANs can be used to create broadcast domains which can
eliminate cost of expensive routers
Security Keep information restricted to only users who need access Can control boadcast domains, set up firewalls and more
VLAN Drawbacks
Drawbacks
Costs Purchasing additional hardware May need to hire new employee to manage
Misc. New users may encounter new problems they are not familiar
with If users are located on different floors of a building common
resources (such as a printer) could be in inconvenient locations