virtual design and construction in support of construction ... · virtual design and construction...
TRANSCRIPT
Virtual Design and Construction in Support of Construction Engineering
Martin FischerProfessor, Civil and Environmental EngineeringDirector, Center for Integrated Facility Engineering (CIFE)http://www.stanford.edu/[email protected]
Roberto ArbuluDirector, Technical ServicesStrategic Project Solutions, San Franciscohttp://[email protected]
Design and construction planning methods have changed significantly in the last 40 years
Picture courtesy Fluor
Picture courtesy DPR
As have constructibility review and construction communication methods
Picture courtesy Fluor
Picture courtesy Accu-Crete
Hospital Objectives
NSH Project Objectives
ICEBIM+ ProcessCurrent State Process, T5 Rebar Detailing for Construction
De
sig
nM
an
ufa
ctu
reE
ng
ine
erin
g
Release CAD
dwg, rebar
schedule (*.CSF)
in Documentum
Document
control delay
(1 week)
Preliminary
designGA drawings
Refine RC details
and concept for
buildability/
detailing
Use model to
develop and
communicate
methods
Prepare RC detail
drawings
(drafting)
Check and
coordinate detail
drawings
CAD check
(1d/dwg)
Check against
engineering calcs
(.5d /dwg)
Independent final
check & sign off
(2 weeks)
Building control
check & sign off
(BAA, time?)
Release paper P4
dwgs & bar
bending
schedules
Rebar factory
starts bending
Pre-assembly
Ship to site
Draft spec
Comment on
spec
Update spec Release spec
Model rebar
component (Use
digital
Prototyping tool)
Issue and resolve
TQ’s (Technical
Queries)
AutoCAD CAD RC IDEAS Arma +
Design input/
changes
Technology:
Detailed
engineering
design
information
Site assembly
Preliminary drafting
2 weeks
Back drafting
1 week
Checking
2 weeks
Document control
1 weekTimeline:
NOTE: Drawings are batched into sections-
then subdivided into building components.
Each component is an assembly package,
e.g. rail box floor, wall, etc.
The number of drawing sheets per building
component vary depending on the work. On
ART for example, each component may
consist of 8-15 GA drawings and 8-15 RC
detail drawings.
All of the GA drawings are complete -
pend ing changes f rom other des ign
disciplines
NOTE: Design changes
during detailing (from:
architecture, baggage,
s y s t e m s , e t c . ) a r e
upsetting RC drawing
development.
Other / None/
Unknown
Preliminary RC
detailing
Iterative
process
Consists of:
engineering
calculations,
sketches, etc.
Most of the checking
process is done
concurrently with RC
detail development.
BAA building control
accepts the opinion
of the independent
design check - and
does not perform a
check of its own
Asse
mb
ly
Existing Process - 6 weeks
Client/Business Objectives
Project Objectives
Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) combines:
• If you cannot build it virtually you won’t be able to build it in reality.
• An engineer can model faster and more cheaply than a crew can install the same components.
• What you see is what you get.
• Visualizations enable creativity.
• Sooner or later you pay for integration.
• Why do we let latency govern project duration?
• Why do 6 of 10 design engineers spend all their time managing information?
• What you (performance) model is what you get.
If it doesn’t fit in the 3D model it won’t miraculously fit in the field
Picture Courtesy DPR
Are the budget, work methods, and schedule aligned?
• 2D data and schedule with 200+ activities for a
1,000,000+ sf office complex
• 252 hours of 3D modeling, 200 hours of 4D modeling
• Used extensively for pre-bid constructibility reviews
• Discovered $3 million in savings for unexcavated
courtyards and parking structure redesign
• Discovered opportunities to save $5 million in overall
Picture and Case Courtesy DPR
Is the secant pile wall really constructible on the South side?
Picture Courtesy PB
Video clips shown
• Installing a column rebar cage by SPS (see http://www.vimeo.com/15465074)
• Detailed construction engineering of rebar for a pile extension(http://www.vimeo.com/15467505)
• 90-day look-ahead schedule for the Walt Disney Concert Hall by Mortenson(see http://www.vimeo.com/7478800)
10
Architectural
concrete and curtain
wall work cannot take
place in parallel
Identify critical interactions between design and construction sequence
Pictures Courtesy Mortenson
11 | WWW.BENTLEY.COM
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009 B
entley S
yste
ms,
Incorp
ora
ted
Streamline Materials
Visualize Materials On Site
Drive Trial Allocation Priorities
Track Purchase Orders / ETAs
Bag-and-Tag By Work Pack
12 | WWW.BENTLEY.COM
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entley S
yste
ms,
Incorp
ora
ted
Virtual Work Packs – 4 Views
Back
13 | WWW.BENTLEY.COM
© 2
009 B
entley S
yste
ms,
Incorp
ora
ted
Area 15
ConstructSim – Status Visualization
CIFE Research in Collaboration with CCC
2
C3D Based Project Visual Planning & Controls in Saudi Embassy Project (SEP), Cairo
Clearly communicate assembly instructions to the field crews
Copyright M. A. Mortenson Company 2010
Effective Planning through Virtual Mockups
“Assembly Drawings”
for construction!
Exempla Lutheran Medical Center – Wheatridge, CO –CM/GC
Snapshots Courtesy of SPS, San Francisco, CA
Supporting the human and machine workflow with a 3D information model
• SPS and project partners:o Cycle time of design review reduced from 5-6 weeks to 2-3 weeks
o Lead-time on rebar reduced from 10 days to 3 days
o Onsite RFI's were reduced by 80%
o If necessary, detailing-fabrication-delivery of rebar within 5 daysImage Courtesy TurnerImage Courtesy JPL
Center for Integrated Facility Engineering
Rebar Production Process
Pull
3 Days 2 Days 2 Days
EngineeringFabrication & Assembly
Installation
Visual and data models support …
• allocation of materials
• deployment of construction-applied resources
• understanding of field construction knowledge
to
• test constructibility of design and construction methods
• communicate design and construction information
• create a better and sharable information basis for the current project and future projects
• rapidly close the loop between planned and actual performance
for
• improved safety, productivity, and environmental performance
10 steps are from Bob Bittner’s presentation at the conference.First 3 bullets on the left are from Bob Tatum’s categories of construction engineering knowledge presented at this conference.
© 2010 DPR Construction All Rights Reserved
LEVEL 4: SIMULATE FOR OPTIMAL SOLUTION
Formwork modeling on
the UC Santa Cruz
project helped
determine the
appropriate reuse of
formwork.
MODULE ONE
MODULE TWO
– Why do you
want to use
BIM/VDC?
– Level 1
– Level 2
– Level 3
– Level 4
– Who is
involved?
– Do the tools
work for your
purpose?
– Devil in the
Details
– Co-location or
Co-creation?
– Model
management
– Framework of
collaboration
MODULE THREE
© 2010 DPR Construction All Rights Reserved
LEVEL 4: EXPLORE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PREFABRICATION
Prefabricated drywall panels based on a coordinated
BIM on a large healthcare project
MODULE ONE
MODULE TWO
– Why do you
want to use
BIM/VDC?
– Level 1
– Level 2
– Level 3
– Level 4
– Who is
involved?
– Do the tools
work for your
purpose?
– Devil in the
Details
– Co-location or
Co-creation?
– Model
management
– Framework of
collaboration
MODULE THREE
Materials and assemblies can be fabricated with increasingly high accuracy
Max Boegl produces slab tracks for high-speed rail projects with 0.1 mm tolerance.
Model Measurement Fabrication/ProductionPictures from http://www.max-boegl.de
Stageworks: Real-time schedule control
Data obtained over 30 possessions indicated 69% productive use of available worksite time.
10 HoursManagement Overhead
3 hrs SiteManagement
Cost
3.5 Hrsproduction
3.5 hrs SiteManagement
Cost
7 HRS Possession
Planner
Monitor
Production
Reporter
Planning / Design
Construction
Progress
Project Controls
Copyright 2010
Automatically Generating Look-Ahead
Schedules for the Finishing PhaseN. Dong, M. Fischer, R. Levitt, D. Ge, Zuhair Haddad, CCC
Existing methods and
tools did not support the
quick assignment of 50
crews to 100s of
activities in 200 rooms
every day.Various room finishing types of CMU university project at
Qatar (source: CCC) – rooms are color coded by type
Automated Schedule
Generation
Resource Constrained
Scheduling
Artificial Intelligence
Activity on node network of the finishing of one faculty office,
activities are color coded by discipline (source: CCC)
Three constraints that trouble the engineers most when
scheduling for the finishing phase (picture source: CCC)
Information Model
LAS Gen. Schema
Project Databases
Scattered Data
Integrated Data
Initial Schedules
Genetic Algorithm
Optimal
Schedule(s)
www.stanford.edu/~ningdong/LASproject/
Dynam
ic P
lannin
g a
nd C
ontro
l Meth
odolo
gy:
Visu
aliz
atio
n a
nd A
uto
matio
n o
f Constru
ctio
n P
rogre
ss Monito
ring
The results of automated progress detection
Residence Hall Construction Project photolog (160 image)
Slide courtesy Mani Golparvar-Fard
Dynam
ic P
lannin
g a
nd C
ontro
l Meth
odolo
gy:
Visu
aliz
atio
n a
nd A
uto
matio
n o
f Constru
ctio
n P
rogre
ss Monito
ring
Practical Significance
Safety Management
Remote safety analysis
Potential automation of
identification of unsafe
locations/components
Visualization of
Sustainable Construction
(LEED2009 points)
Sustainable Sites
Materials and Resources
Recycled Content
Regional Materials
δh
© Apr 2009, D4AR SystemMani Golparvar-FardFeniosky Pena-MoraSilvio Savarese
© Apr 2009, D4AR System
Mani Golparvar-FardFeniosky Pena-Mora,
Silvio Savarese
Steel-
2.5Kg Carbon footprint/Kg
High Recyclability
Concrete-
0.76Kg Carbon footprint/Kg
Normal Recyclability
Slide courtesy Mani Golparvar-Fard
Comparing construction methods
Work with Rogier
Jongeling, Lulea
Univ. Tech.,
Sweden
Industrialized III: Used Work Space
0
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M2
Shoring
Form Work
Reinforcement
Concrete
Total Used
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Form Work
Reinforcement
Concrete
Total Used
Industrialized III: Used / Available Work Space
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D1
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Concrete
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Industrialized III: Distance Form Work - Reinforcement
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rs Middle
Closest
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