Portfolio strategy is a corporate-level strategy that minimizes risk by diversifying investment among various businesses or product lines. TRUEGlobal joint ventures can be difficult to manage because they represent a merging of four cultures. TRUEWhen conducting global business, companies should attempt to identify the two types of political risk, which are political uncertainty and economic uncertainty. FALSEThe General Electric Workout is a special kind of activity-oriented change FALSE results-driven changeAccording to the S.M.A.R.T. guidelines, goals should be ____. MeasurableCompanies need to excel at managing ____ in order to successfully manage innovation streams. SOURCES OF INNOVATIONIf successful, which strategy is often followed by a growth strategy? RETRENCHMENTWhich of the following is a trend that has allowed companies to skip the phase model when going global? QUICK, RELIABLE AIR TRAVEL____ is used to assess how well managers and their families are likely to adjust to foreign cultures. ADAPTABILITY SCREENINGWhich of the following is the most specific type of standing plan? RULES AND REGULATIONSCompanies often choose a ____ strategy when their external environment doesn't change much or after they have struggled with periods of explosive growth. STATBILITYAs direct competitors, UPS and FedEx would have ____. high degree of market commonalityWhich of the following approaches is aimed at changing large systems, small groups, or individuals? organizational developmentDirect foreign investment is an increasingly important and common method of conducting global business. TRUEThe ____ approach to innovation assumes that innovation is occurring within a highly uncertain environment and that the key to fast product innovation is to use intuition, flexible options, and hands-on experience to reduce uncertainty and accelerate learning and understanding. EXPERIMENTALDeveloping a purpose statement is the sole responsibility of middle management. FALSEGlobal business is defined as____. the buying and selling of goods and services to people from different countries

____ is responsible for developing strategic plans that make clear how the company will serve customers and position itself against competitors in the next two to five years. Top management

A(n) ____ is a resource that is impossible or extremely costly or difficult for other firms to duplicate. imperfectly imitableRefer to Krispy Kreme. The company’s goal to open six new Krispy Kreme stores in the next six months in British Columbia where it already has a well-established reputation would be an example of a(n) ____ goal. PROXIMAL

Standing plans deal with unique, one-time-only events. FalseAccording to strategic reference point theory, managers have two basic strategic alternatives. They are ____. risk-avoiding strategy and risk-seeking strategyRefer to Yuengling. In the first stage of the planning process for Yuengling, it should have ____. identified its problem as the fact that demand for its beer exceeds its ability to supply it

The use of milestones in the experiential approach to innovation ____. shortens the innovation processWhen the bargaining power of suppliers and buyers is high, companies in the industry will ____. find it more difficult to be profitable

An analysis of an organization's external environment begins with an assessment of the company's distinctive competencies and core capabilities. FALSE

In terms of Hofstede’s cultural differences, the people who are described as happy-go-lucky and are people who are comfortable with an unstructured life and deal well with sudden changes. In terms of Hofstede’s cultural differences, these people have a ____. low degree of uncertainty avoidance

____ is the knowledge, tools, and techniques used to transform inputs into outputs. TECHNOLOGYIf retrenchment works, it is typically followed by a stability strategy. False RecoveryThe three parts of the experiential approach to innovation are design iterations, testing, and milestones. FALSE (5)Groupthink occurs in ____ highly cohesive groups where there is a great deal of pressure to agree with each other

According to the text, valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable resources can produce sustainable competitive advantage only if they are ____ resources. substitutableRussia imposed limits on how much poultry, beef, and pork could be imported into the nation from the European Union (EU) in retaliation to limits the EU placed on how much grain Russia could export. What type of nontariff barrier did Russia use to control the amount of poultry, beef, and port it imported from the EU? QUOTAS____ plans direct the behavior, efforts, and priorities of operative employees for periods ranging from one to six months. Operational plansIn any organization, the ____ are the less visible, internal decision-making routines, problem-solving processes, and organizational cultures that determine how efficiently inputs can be turned into outputs. Core CapabilitiesWhen The Home Depot opened stores in Canada, it ran a series of ads featuring an animated hammer that showed that the U.S.-based home improvement store had the lowest prices. According to Michael Porter, which of the following positioning strategies did The Home Depot adopt to deal with existing Canadian stores that sold similar products? Cost LeadershipWhich of the following statements describes an advantage of the results-driven change approach to managing change? ALL

-managers introduce changes in policies, procedures, rules, and regulations only when they will improve measured performance-it supplants the sole emphasis on activity with a focus on quickly measuring and improving results-managers actually test to see if changes make a difference-quick, visible improvements motivate employees to continue to make additional changes

Encouraging worker participation in goal setting, making goals public, and getting top management's support are all recommended ways to increase goal commitment in a company. TRUE

The positioning strategy that is always paired with one of the other two positioning strategies to produce a specialized product or service is ____. Focus

Specialized Bicycle Components, Inc. introduced the first major production mountain bike in 1980. Two-thirds of its profits come from the sale of mountain bikes. It is recognized worldwide for its ability to design and produce superior mountain bikes. This ability is its ____. DISTINCTIVE COMPETENCE

There are three kinds of ____ plans. They are single-use plans, standing plans, and budgets. OPERATIONAL

Cost leadership, differentiation, and focus are the three types of ____ strategies discussed in the text. POSITIONING

Tactical plans specify how a company will use its resources, budgets, and people to accomplish specific goals within its mission. True

The evidence clearly shows that ____ is the most important factor in determining the success or failure of an international assignment. how well an expatriate's spouse and family adjust to the foreign culture

From a competitive standpoint, ____ means that the strategic actions your company takes can probably be matched by your direct competitors. Resource similarity

When companies are performing above or better than their strategic reference points, top management is more likely to choose a daring, risk-taking strategy. FALSE

____ is a systematic process of defining problems, evaluating alternatives, and choosing optimal solutions. Rational decision making

The Japanese government has proclaimed that its snow is different from that found in any other region of the world. As a result, all snow skis marketed in Japan must be manufactured in Japan. This is an example of a(n) ____. nontariff barrier

An organization's purpose must regularly change to adapt to changes in the environment over time. FALSE

The purchase of new technologies to replace older ones is an example of ___. TECHNOLOGICAL SUBSTITUTION

Which of the following types of departmentalization does NOT have a problem with the duplication of resources? Functional

Because of problems associated with conflicts over schedules, budgets, and available resources (including employees), ____ departmentalization often evolves from a simple form to a more complex form. MATRIX

Refer to Standard Motor Products. At Standard Motor Products’ Edwardsville plant, team members lead the teams and leadership rotates among the different team members. Each member on a team, not the management, takes turns scheduling their team’s daily work, deciding what gets done, who does what, and ultimately taking responsibility for quality and timely production of automotive parts. This demonstrates the use of ____. bureaucratic immunity

____ do NOT have the authority to make decisions. Employee involvement teams

____ is the process of solving problems by consistently applying the same rules, procedures, and processes. Standardization

The Big Five dimensions of personality are autonomy, Machiavellianism, empathy, locus of control, and affectivity. FALSE

____ involves assigning direct authority and responsibility to a subordinate to complete tasks for which the manager is normally responsible. Delegation of authority

____ is the collection of activities that transform inputs into outputs that customer’s value. Organizational Structure

Many orthopedic parts are almost identical in size and shape. Stryker Howmedica Osteonics in New Jersey used a semi-autonomous work group to develop Product Recognition Technology that makes sure parts are identified correctly and orders are filled correctly. What happened when the team reached the storming stage of team development? Team members began to work together, and different personalities and work styles clashed.

The term task description refers to the number, kind, and variety of tasks that individual workers perform in doing their jobs. TRUEWhich of the following is an example of a diversity principle that will help managers do a better job of managing company diversity programs? ALL

Carefully and faithfully follow and enforce federal and state laws regarding equal opportunity employment2. Treat group differences as important but not special3. Find common ground4. Tailor opportunities to individuals, not groups5. Solicit negative as well as positive feedback6. Set high but realistic goals 7. Maintain high standards

Job analyses, job descriptions, and job specifications help companies meet the legal requirement that their human resource decisions be job-related. TRUE

An organization that rewards its team members through gainsharing is ____. sharing the financial value of performance gains

Darlene Jespersen worked in a sports bar. She was an outstanding employee, but she didn't wear makeup because she felt it "took away her credibility" and interfered with her ability to be an effective bartender, which sometimes required her to deal with unruly, intoxicated guests. This changed when the sports bar implemented a "beverage department image transformation" program. Female employees were told they would be fired if they did not wear makeup. Jespersen contended that it was an example of ____ because male employees did not have to wear makeup. DISPARATE TREATMENT

Which of the following positions most likely performs a staff function? a member of the office cleaning crew

____ interviewing typically leads to much more accurate hiring decisions (i.e., correctly predicting which job applicants will perform better, and therefore should be hired). STRUCTURED

An organization that has increased the number of different tasks that a worker performs within one particular job has engaged in ____. JOB ENLARGEMENT

Like most large U.S. hospitals, University Health Care System spends an enormous amount on patient supplies. The hospital has more than 15,000 individual products that are purchased on a routine basis. Its purchasing manager instituted a hospital-wide purchasing policy that gave a specific code to each individual item. In other words, the purchasing manager engaged in ____. STANDARDIZATION

In the stages of team development, a team moves from growth to decline during the ____ stage. Norming

Disadvantages of ____ departmentalization include slower decision making, the development of managers and workers with narrow experience and expertise, and makes it more difficult for cross-departmental coordination. Functional

____ is the process of gathering information about job applicants to decide who should be offered. Empathy

In the nursing home industry, pairing two younger workers with an older worker creates more job opportunities for the older workers. Furthermore, this pairing could be a significant advantage in nursing homes where an older worker may have more sensitivity to aging problems.  This would be an example of a type of mentoring called ____. DIVERSITY PAIRING

Job specialization can result in ____. EMPLOYEE BOREDOM

Which of the Big Five personality measures has the greatest impact on behavior in organizations? Conscientiousness

Refer to Trends in Hiring Practices. Central Market uses its application form to ____. determine how well future employees are performing

The first selection device most job applicants encounter when they seek a job are ____. application forms and résumés

The hostile work environment form of sexual harassment occurs when employment outcomes such as hiring, promotion, or simply keeping one's job depend on whether an individual submits to being sexually harassed. FALSE

Group cohesion tends to be relatively strong at the ____ stage of team development. NORMING

Background checks can be used to verify the truthfulness and accuracy of information that applicants provide about themselves. TRUE

Which of the following is an example of an objective performance measure? input/output measures

A virtual organization is an organization that outsources noncore business activities to outside companies, suppliers, specialists, or consultants. FALSE MODULAR

A key difference between affirmative action and diversity is that ____. affirmative action is legally mandated in all private companies. diversity has a broader focus

E-Lab (the "E" stands for experience) has project teams perform field research for its clients. One team had to spend time riding in the back seat of a squad car, accompanying cops on drug raids, as part of research for a new communications device for police departments. Another team studied how people get sick with a cold to create a new over-the-counter cold remedy. Often clients give team members extremely ambitious goals which the team members initially have no idea how to solve. In other words, project teams are given ____. stretch goals

Which of the following types of tests accurately predicts job performance in almost all kinds of jobs? cognitive ability tests

As a class project, Senora is working with other classmates to create a company that would market NASCAR memorabilia. Senora’s teacher has instructed her to use the traditional approach to create the organization’s structure. What should Senora do? create an organizational structure with vertical and horizontal configurations

Which of the following is a method used for compensating employees for team participation and accomplishments? Gainsharing

The primary benefit of the ____ paradigm is that it generally brings about fairer treatment of employees and increases demographic diversity. discrimination and fairness paradigm

Which of the following statements about mechanistic organizations is true? Mechanistic organizations work best in stable, unchanging business environments.

Self-designing teams have all the characteristics of self-managing teams, but they can also control and change the design of the teams themselves, the tasks they do and how they do them, and who belongs to the teams. TRUE

The learning and effectiveness paradigm for managing diversity focuses on the acceptance and celebration of differences; so that the diversity within the company matches the diversity found among primary stakeholders such as customers, suppliers, and local communities. FALSE

Which of the following is the only type of responsibility given to traditional work groups? execute the task

____ within P&G's management has led the company to realize that Hispanic consumers "are more likely to support a company or brand that is active in their community." DIVERSITY

Specialized jobs are characterized by simple, easy-to-learn steps; low variety; and high repetition. TRUE

In spite of their disadvantages, companies continue to create and use specialized jobs because they are very economical. TRUE

“References Etc” will pose as a prospective employer, call a prior employer on an employee's behalf, and find out what the former employer is saying. If the prior employer provides unsubstantiated negative information, then the job applicant ____. can sue for defamation.

Piecework, sales commission, profit sharing, employee stock ownership plans, and stock options are common pay-variability options. TRUE

In matrix departmentalization, as in other forms of departmentalization, most employees report to a single boss. FALSE

Which of the following statements about job validation tests is true? Validation refers to the process of determining how well a selection test or procedure predicts future job performance.

UPS was founded UPS in 1907 as a message delivery business. The development of the telephone would have put an end to the business if UPS’s founder had not been a ____ type of leader. One who was able to get his employees to accomplish more than they had thought possible and re-invent the company as a company that delivered goods for retailers. Transformational

____ are the rewards associated with performing a task or activity for its own sake. Intrinsic rewards

While transformational leaders use visionary and inspirational appeals to influence followers, transactional leadership is based on an exchange process. True

Frequent, informal meetings between top managers and lower-level employees are one of the best ways for top managers to hear what others feel and think. ITRUE

Bill Belichick is the coach of the New England Patriots football team. As a successful coach, he has to schedule structured practices, emphasize careful planning, and assign tasks. He also has to show the players that he genuinely cares about them as people. According to the Blake and Mouton grid, Belichick’s leadership style would be characterized as ____.team management

____ is based on an exchange process, in which followers are rewarded for good performance and punished for poor performance. Transactional leadership

Which of the following is the best leadership style for all situations? NONE

Which of the following is an example of an intrinsic reward? SENSE OF ACHIEVEMENT

Directive leadership is a leadership style in which leaders set challenging goals, have high expectations of employees, and display confidence that employees will assume responsibility and put forth extraordinary effort. FALSE ACHIEVEMENT ORIENTED

Goal specificity is the extent to which a goal is hard or challenging to accomplish. FALSE

Refer to Wegmans. Wegmans’ scholarship bonuses for part-time workers indicate the company is using ____. an expectancy contingency

In the perceptual process, apprehension is the process of remembering interpreted information. FALSE

Which of the following statements about listening is true? ALL

According to Don Vlcek, a former Domino's Pizza vice president, "To achieve results, you've got to properly define the goal—and that's not always easy. Vague goals are worthless. But 'increase productivity by 12 percent within three weeks'—that is a clear, useful goal.” Vlcek is discussing ____. goal specificity

Perceptual filters may occur as the result of ____. personality-based differences

Which of the following is one of the mistakes that managers tend to make when they are coaching employees? They wait too long before talking to them about the problem.

Which of the following is an example of a rule used within normative decision theory to increase decision quality? the goal congruence rule

Noise can occur when ____. ANY the sender isn’t sure of what message to communicate/the receiver doesn’t have the time to understand the message/the message is not decoded properly/the message is not encoded properly/ any of these occur

Refer to Oakland Athletics. One of the reasons for Beane’s success is his ability to let employees know precisely what is expected of them, give specific guidelines for playing baseball (e.g., All pitchers are instructed to throw strikes on the first pitch and to throw as few pitches as possible during each inning.), and make sure players follow these standards of performance. Beane is a(n) ____ leader. DIRECTIVEWhich of the following statements about hearing and listening are true? Hearing is the act of perceiving sounds, while listening is the act of making a conscious effort to hear.Mike plays all kinds of competitive sports, and was excited to read that his company was sponsoring a softball team. Non-athletic Kenneth typically walks by the same bulletin board at least three times every day and has yet to see the softball notice. The fact that one saw the notice and the other did not is due to ____. SELECTIVE PERCEPTION

____ is the tendency to fill in gaps of missing information by assuming that what we don't know is consistent with what we already know. CLOSURE

Leaders who possess the trait of ____ are more decisive and assertive and more likely to gain others' confidence. SELF-CONFIDENCE

Linda Stein is the manager of an ad agency. Recently her employees have shown an unwillingness to work as a team. Linda has decided to use reinforcement to encourage more team cohesiveness. What advice can you give her on how to motivate with reinforcement theory? Don’t reinforce the wrong behaviors.

While consideration primarily affects subordinates’ job performance, initiating structure primarily affects subordinates’ job satisfaction. False

One recommendation for managers wishing to improve their formal communication is to decrease reliance on downward communication. FALSE

In the perceptual process, ____ is the process of attaching meaning to new knowledge. INTERPRETATION

Managers can motivate employees to increase their efforts by ____. asking employees what their needs are then matching rewards to those needs

Strategic leadership is defined as the ability to think strategically and create a strategic plan for an organization. FALSE

According to the text, ____ is the set of forces that initiates, directs, and makes people persist in their efforts to accomplish a goal. Motivation

W. L. Gore is the company that created Gore-Tex among many other innovative products. W.L.Gore employees (known as associates) don’t have titles or bosses in the traditional sense. Instead, associates make commitments to work on projects that they believe are most worthy of their time. At W.L. Gore, few leaders are appointed; leaders simply emerge as needed by the other employees or the project itself. The Gore company more than likely adheres to the ____ theory of leadership. Contingency

Refer to JetBlue. What step of the communication process is involved when the CEO writes down customers' comments on cocktail napkins? Feedback

Refer to Pay TV. According to ____, employees at most call centers would likely believe they are being treated unfairly compared to DirecTV employees. Equity theory

According to the expectancy theory, ____ affect the conscious choices that people make about their motivation. valence, expectancy, and instrumentality

Refer to Hewlett-Packard. According to the contingency theory, when Mark Hurd decided to lay off 14,500 employees, he was showing high ____. Position power

Fiedler's contingency theory is based on the assumption that leaders are capable of adapting and adjusting their leadership styles to fit the demands of different situations. False

Hot Topic is a fast-growing clothing chain targeted to the alternative teen demographic. Hot Topic’s CEO Betsy McLaughlin relies on her employees to locate new trends. McLaughlin almost daily consults with her employees for suggestions on what the stores should carry. She relies on their input before making inventory decisions. McLaughlin uses the ____ style of management. Participative

Refer to Pay TV. Apparently, rewards such as empowerment and free satellite television have a ____ for people who are the customer service reps for DirecTV. High valence

Refer to JetBlue. What step of the communication process is involved when managers turn the CEO’s notes written on the cocktail napkins into to-do lists? Decoding

The two kinds of one-on-one communication are mentoring and vestibule training. FALSE couching and counseling

Currently the U.S. Olympic Committee (USOC) pays Olympic athletes $25,000 for each gold medal, $15,000 for a silver medal, and $10,000 for a bronze medal. The USOC pays disabled athletes only 10 percent of what the Olympic athletes are paid. Paralympic athletes are angry at being treated unfairly. What kind of inequity are the Paralympic athletes experiencing? Underreward

The steps in the perceptual process in order are ____. attention, organization, interpretation, retention

Recently, a newly appointed CEO of a major corporation began by firing the entire management committee. A few months later, this same executive, fired two of his hand-picked senior executives. From this information, it is obvious that this executive was more concerned about his employees’ ____ than their job satisfaction. In terms of Fiedler's contingency theory, this executive was most concerned with establishing ____. Power position

Perception is the process by which individuals attend to, organize, interpret, and retain information from their environments. True

Research at three universities has confirmed that two basic leader behaviors, ____ and ____, are central to successful leadership. Initiating structure, consideration

Which of the following statements about informal communication in organizations is true? None

According to equity theory, when employees perceive ____, they tend to experience anger or frustration. Underreward

____ is feedback that is disapproving without any intention of being helpful and almost always causes a negative or defensive reaction in the recipient. Destructive feedback

Extrinsic rewards are ____. exemplified by bonuses, trophies, and plaques

When one of Canada's largest financial service providers wanted to develop a customer-focused sales and service culture, an executive team developed the plan through the use of ____ communication. Horizontal

Question 1Managers who train and supervise the performance of nonmanagerial employees, and who are directly responsible for producing the company's products or services, are categorized as:First-line managersQuestion 2Managers are responsible for doing the basic work in the company.Correct FalseQuestion 3Which type of skills tends to be most important to the success of lower-level managers?Technical skillsQuestion 4Upper-level managers may actually spend more time dealing with people than lower-level managers.Correct TrueQuestion 5The sales manager is in charge of monitoring the expense accounts of her sales force. In this decisional role, she acts as a(n):Resource allocatorQuestion 6Typical responsibilities for __________ include setting objectives consistent with organizational goals and then planning and implementing the subunit strategies for achieving these goals.Middle managersQuestion 7A manager engaged in the management function of __________ is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed.Selected Answer:ControllingQuestion 8Which skills increase in their importance to success as managers rise through the managerial ranks?Conceptual skills and the motivation to manageQuestion 9Top managers are responsible for creating a context for change in the organization.Correct TrueQuestion 10A manager striving to improve organizational __________ is accomplishing tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives.Effectiveness

Question 1A Gantt chart can be used to track informal communication paths.Correct FalseQuestion 2Frederick Taylor is famous for:creating the principles of scientific managementQuestion 3Frederick Taylor was the father of systems management.Correct FalseQuestion 4Management ideas and practices have actually been used from the earliest times of recorded history.

Correct True

Question 5Which of the following statements about the origins of management is true?Management as a field of study is only about 125 years old.Question 6At about the same time as management theorists were developing scientific management principles in the United States, Max Weber was in Europe developing:bureaucratic managementQuestion 7In a departure from mainstream management thinking, Mary Parker Follett believed:conflict could be beneficialQuestion 8Human relations management focused on managers’ roles and authority.Correct FalseQuestion 9According to Henri Fayol’s 14 principles of management, _____ requires that each employee should report to and receive orders from just one boss.unity of commandQuestion 10Frank and Lillian Gilbreth are important to management because they:used motion studies to eliminate unnecessary or repetitive motions from the work processQuestion 1In terms of environmental complexity, __________ environments have few environmental factors, whereas __________ environments have many environmental factors.simple; complexQuestion 2External environments are the forces and events outside a company that have the potential to influence or affect it.Correct TrueQuestion 3Which of the following is a characteristic of successful organizational cultures?all of theseQuestion 4The first step managers use to make sense of their changing environments is:environmental scanningQuestion 5__________ is used to refer to a company's practice of identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur.Reactive customer monitoringQuestion 6Which of the following is a component of Volkswagen’s specific environment and will directly influence how it does business?

Renault, a French car makeQuestion 7__________ is/are a primary source of organizational culture.The company's founderQuestion 8The __________ is the set of key values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by organizational members.

organizational cultureQuestion 9Managers can use behavioral addition and behavioral substitution to:modify corporate cultureQuestion 10__________ involves deciding who your competitors are, anticipating competitors' moves, and determining competitors' strengths and weaknesses.A competitive analysisQuestion 1Kohlberg's three phases of moral development in order are law and order, instrumental exchange, and universal principle.Correct FalseQuestion 2Which of the following principles of ethical decision making would support the practice of "looking after number one"?the principle of long-term self-interestQuestion 310 out of 10 pointsEthics is the set of moral principles or values that defines right and wrong for a person or group.Correct TrueQuestion 4__________ is unethical behavior that violates organizational norms about right and wrong.Workplace devianceQuestion 5Secondary stakeholders are important to a company because:Selected Answer:they can affect public perceptions and opinionsQuestion 6The __________ determined that companies can be prosecuted and punished for the illegal or unethical actions of employees, even if management didn't know about the unethical behavior.U.S. Sentencing Commission GuidelinesQuestion 7According to Milton Friedman, which of the following is a position opposing the stakeholder model of corporate social responsibility?The time, money, and attention diverted to social causes undermine market efficiency.Question 8What is the term used to describe the degree of concern people have about an ethical issue?Ethical intensity

Question 9Historically, __________ responsibility means making a profit by producing a product valued by society. It has been business’s most basic social responsibility.

economic

Question 10What is social responsibility?

a business's obligation to pursue policies, make decisions, and take actions that benefit society

Question 1To make completely rational decisions, managers would have to operate in a perfect world with no:

constraintsQuestion 2The first step in rational decision making is to:

define the problemQuestion 3The __________ approach to decision making is a method in which an individual or a subgroup is assigned the role of a critic.

devil's advocacyQuestion 4Tactical plans specify how a company will use resources, budgets, and people to accomplish specific goals within its mission.

Correct TrueQuestion 5Management by objectives (MBO) is a management technique often used to develop and carry out:

tactical plansQuestion 6S.M.A.R.T. goals are Specific, Meaningful, Active, Reachable, and Timely.

Correct FalseQuestion 7Managers can monitor __________ to track progress toward goal achievement.

proximal and distal goalsQuestion 8One method of weighting decision criteria uses ______, which is a process where each decision criterion is compared directly to every other criterion.

relative comparisonsQuestion 9__________ can help organizations to maintain flexibility as they plan.

Options-based planningQuestion 10Top management is responsible for developing long-term __________ that make clear how the company will serve customers and position itself against competitors in the next two to five years.

strategic plans

Question 1The first step in the strategy-making process is to:

assess the need for strategic changeQuestion 2

In a situational analysis, a strategic group is a group of __________ that top managers choose for comparing, evaluating, and benchmarking their company's strategic threats and opportunities.

other firms within an industryQuestion 3Significant cost reductions, layoffs of employees, closing of poorly performing stores, offices, or manufacturing plants, or closing or selling entire lines of products or services would be characteristic of a __________ strategy.

retrenchmentQuestion 4In any organization, the __________ are the less visible, internal decision-making routines, problem-solving processes, and organization cultures that determine how efficiently inputs can be turned into outputs.

core capabilitiesQuestion 5The research on diversification in portfolio management indicates that the best approach is probably:

unrelated diversification

Question 6An organization implementing a(n) ____________________ strategy would NOT follow a consistent strategy.

reactorQuestion 7The __________ is a portfolio strategy that managers use to categorize their corporation's businesses by growth rate and relative market share. This strategy guides them on how to decide how to invest corporate funds.

BCG matrixQuestion 8According to Michael Porter, five industry forces determine an industry's overall attractiveness and potential for long-term profitability. Which of the following is one of those forces Porter identified?

bargaining power of suppliersQuestion 9Resource similarity and __________ are factors that determine the extent to which firms will be in direct competition with each other.

market commonalityQuestion 10Which of the following is a mechanism used to examine external threats and opportunities facing a firm as well as its internal strengths and weaknesses?

a situational analysis

Question 1The same techniques for managing innovation work equally as well after technological discontinuities as during periods of incremental change.

Correct FalseQuestion 2The General Electric workout is a special kind of:

results-driven changeQuestion 3Which of the following approaches is aimed at changing large systems, small groups, or individuals?

organizational developmentQuestion 4The first stage of organizational decline is:

blindedQuestion 5Resistance to change results from organizational factors, such as the absence of promotion guidelines, bonuses, and praise.

Correct FalseQuestion 6Which of the following is NOT one of the components of creative work environments?

group compensationQuestion 7Patterns of innovation over time that can create sustainable competitive advantage are called:innovation streams

innovation streamsQuestion 8According to John Kotter's analysis of the errors managers make when leading change, the first and potentially most serious of these errors is:

not establishing a great enough sense of urgencyQuestion 9The __________ approach to managing innovation assumes that innovation is a predictable process made up of a series of steps and that compressing the time it takes to complete those steps can speed up innovation.

compressionQuestion 10Which of the following is one of the three steps in the basic process of managing organizational change outlined by Kurt Lewin?

unfreezing

Question 1Which of the following represents the correct sequence for the phase model of globalization?

exporting; cooperative contracts; strategic alliances; wholly owned affiliatesQuestion 2A country or region that has an attractive business climate for companies that want to go global has:

an effective and cost-efficient place to build an office or manufacturing siteQuestion 3

The two general kinds of trade barriers are:

tariff barriers and nontariff barriersQuestion 4One of the major questions that a company must typically answer once it has decided to go global is:

To what extent should the company standardize or adapt business procedures?Question 5Hofstede's research has shown there are:

five consistent dimensions of cultural differences across countriesQuestion 6An expatriate is someone who:

lives and works outside of his or her own countryQuestion 7What are the strategies that can be used to minimize or adapt to the political risk inherent to global business?

control, avoidance, and cooperative strategiesQuestion 8Two factors help determine the growth potential of foreign markets. They are foreign competition and:

purchasing powerQuestion 9The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT):

eliminated tariffs in ten specific industriesQuestion 10Global business:

Selected Answer:Incorrectb. only involves companies with more than 50 employees

is the buying and selling of goods and services to people from different countries

Question 1Managing global joint ventures can be difficult because they:

represent a merging of four culturesQuestion 2Hofstede's research has shown there are:

five consistent dimensions of cultural differences across countriesQuestion 3The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT):

eliminated tariffs in ten specific industriesQuestion 4Global business:

is the buying and selling of goods and services to people from different countries

Question 5Two factors help determine the growth potential of foreign markets. They are foreign competition and:

purchasing powerQuestion 6One of the major questions that a company must typically answer once it has decided to go global is:To what extent should the company standardize or adapt business procedures?Question 7The two general kinds of trade barriers are:

tariff barriers and nontariff barriers

Question 8A country or region that has an attractive business climate for companies that want to go global has:

an effective and cost-efficient place to build an office or manufacturing siteQuestion 9The evidence clearly shows that __________ is the most important factor in determining the success or failure of an international assignment.

how well an expatriate's spouse and family adjust to the foreign cultureQuestion 10Which of the following represents the correct sequence for the phase model of globalization?

exporting; cooperative contracts; strategic alliances; wholly owned affiliates

Question 1The core philosophy upon which the job characteristic model is based is:

internal motivationQuestion 2__________ is a fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical measures of performance, such as cost, quality, service, and speed.

ReengineeringQuestion 3A(n) __________ organization is an organization that is characterized by specialized jobs and responsibilities, precisely defined, unchanging roles, and a rigid chain of command based on centralized authority and vertical communication.

mechanisticQuestion 4The two disadvantages associated with product departmentalization are costly duplication and difficulties with cross-departmental coordination.Correct TrueQuestion 5Except for the core business activities that they can perform better, faster, and cheaper than others, __________ outsource all remaining business activities to outside companies, suppliers, specialists, or consultants.

modular organizationsQuestion 6

One of the key assumptions underlying the chain of command is __________, which means that workers should report to just one supervisor.

unity of commandQuestion 7Organizational authority is traditionally characterized by:

chain of commandQuestion 8Job enlargement and job enrichment mean essentially the same thing.Correct FalseQuestion 9The central concern of the job characteristics model (JCM) is:

internal motivationQuestion 10A(n) __________ organization is an organization that is characterized by specialized jobs and responsibilities, precisely defined, unchanging roles, and a rigid chain of command based on centralized authority and vertical communication.

mechanisticQuestion 1Background checks can be used to verify the truthfulness and accuracy of information that applicants provide about themselves.

TrueQuestion 2Functional turnover is the loss of high-performing employees who choose to leave the organization.

FalseQuestion 3Which of the following is an internal recruiting method?

c. job postingQuestion 4Human resource management (HRM) is the process of finding, developing, and keeping the right people to form a qualified work force.

TrueQuestion 5A __________ is a performance appraisal process in which feedback is obtained from the boss, subordinates, peers and co-workers, and the employees themselves.

c. 360-degree feedbackQuestion 6The __________ interview uses only standardized, job-related interview questions that are prepared ahead of time and asked of all candidates

b. structuredQuestion 7A __________ is a purposeful, systematic process for collecting information on the important work-related aspects of a job.

d. job analysisQuestion 8

To which of the following aspects of the human resource management process does federal employment law apply?

e. all of these

Question 9__________ is the loss of high-performing employees who voluntarily choose to leave a company.

b. Dysfunctional turnover

Question 10An ESOP is an:

a. employee stock ownership plan

Question 1Conscientiousness is: a.

the degree to which someone is organized, hardworking, responsible, and achievement orientedQuestion 2Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality dimensions?

c. empathyQuestion 3

Which of the following statements explains why diversity actually makes good business sense? a.

Diversity helps companies attract and recruit talented employees.Question 4

__________ consists of differences communicated through verbal and nonverbal behaviors, such as personality and attitudes that are learned only through extended interaction with others.

c. Deep-level diversity

Question 5Research has shown that performance capabilities decline with age. False

Question 6Affirmative action is required by law for all private employers, and diversity is voluntary. False

Question 7Organizational plurality is consistent with: c.

the learning and effectiveness paradigmQuestion 8

Which of the following is a paradigm for managing diversity? e.

the learning and effectiveness paradigmQuestion 9

The Big Five dimensions of personality are autonomy, Machiavellianism, empathy, locus of control, and affectivity.

FalseQuestion 10

The _________ paradigm focuses on the acceptance and celebration of differences to ensure that the diversity within the company matches the diversity found among primary stakeholders.

e. Access and legitimacy

Question 1Which of the following is a basic component of equity theory?

Correctc. referentsQuestion 2In general, extrinsic rewards are more important to workers than intrinsic rewards.

Correct FalseQuestion 3The primary ways for creating reinforcement contingencies in organizations are:

extrinsic rewards and the schedules of reinforcementQuestion 4Goal acceptance is most similar to the idea of:

goal commitmentQuestion 5To use expectancy theory to motivate employees, managers can

systematically gather information to find out what employees want from their jobsQuestion 6According to the expectancy theory, __________ affect the conscious choices that people make about their motivation.

valence, expectancy, and instrumentalityQuestion 7__________ strengthen behavior (i.e., increase its frequency).

Positive and negative reinforcementQuestion 8Distributive justice refers to the perceived fairness of the process used to make reward allocation decisions.

Correct FalseQuestion 9In a(n) __________ reinforcement schedule, a consequence follows every instance of a behavior.

continuousQuestion 10Which of the following statements about goal-setting theory is true?

Goals can energize behavior.Question 1Which of the following approaches to implementing Fiedler's contingency theory in the workplace has proven effective?

accurately measuring and matching leaders to situationsQuestion 2According to the normative decision theory, using the right degree of employee participation improves the quality of decisions and the extent to which employees accept and are committed to decisions.

Correct TrueQuestion 3Research at three universities has confirmed that two basic leader behaviors, ______ and ______, are central to successful leadership.

initiating structure; considerationQuestion 4Relatively stable characteristics such as abilities, psychological motives, or consistent patterns of behavior, form the basis for the __________ of leadership.

trait theoryQuestion 5Fiedlers contingency theory assumes:

leaders are effective when their work groups perform wellQuestion 6Which of the following is NOT one of the four leadership styles identified in the path-goal theory of leadership?

charismaticQuestion 7The Vroom-Yetton-Jago Model is another name for the:normative decision theory

normative decision theoryQuestion 8Transactional leaders:

reward followers for good behavior and punish followers for poor behaviorQuestion 9Which of the following is the best leadership style for all situations?

none of theseQuestion 10One of the differences between managers and leaders is that managers focus on visions, missions, goals, and objectives, and leaders focus solely on productivity and efficiency.

Correct False

Question 1In the __________ type of grapevine communication network, one "highly connected" individual shares information with many other managers and workers.

gossip chainQuestion 2Managers with better listening skills are rated as better managers by their employees and are much more likely to be promoted.

Correct TrueQuestion 3One of the best ways for top managers to hear what others feel and think is through:

frequent informal meetings

Question 4The first thing that managers need to recognize when communicating feedback one-on-one to employees is that feedback can be:

constructive or destructiveQuestion 5__________ is a kind of one-on-one communication used by managers to improve an employee's on-the-job performance or behavior.

CoachingQuestion 6The steps in the basic perception process include all of the following EXCEPT:

analysisQuestion 7__________ is the tendency to overestimate our value by attributing successes to ourselves (internal causes) and attributing failures to others or the environment (external causes).

A self-serving biasQuestion 8The __________ is the system of official channels that carry organizationally approved messages and information.

formal communication channelQuestion 9The three formal communication channels in organizations are categorized as:

downward, horizontal, and upwardQuestion 10__________ is the withholding of information about organizational problems or issues by employees.

Organizational silence

Question 1__________ is the extent to which it is possible to implement each step in the control process.

Cybernetic feasibilityQuestion 2__________ is a control method that encourages managers to look beyond traditional measures to evaluate four different perspectives on company performance.

Balanced scorecardQuestion 3The two types of objective controls managers use are:

behavior and outputQuestion 4Control is a(n) __________ process.

continuous, dynamic, and cyberneticQuestion 5Economic value added (EVA) is so important to workers and managers because it:

shows whether a business or subset of a business is really making a profitQuestion 6Normative controls should be used when:

organizational culture, values, and beliefs are strongQuestion 7In the traditional control systems used at most companies, __________ measures are used to assess performance and influence behavior.

objective controlQuestion 8In terms of the basic methods of control, __________ control is an improvement over __________ control because it attempts to eliminate or shorten the delay between performance and feedback about the performance.

concurrent; feedbackQuestion 9The basic control process begins with:

the establishment of clear standards of performanceQuestion 10According to the text, which of the following levels of waste minimization produces the greatest minimization of waste?

waste prevention and reduction

Question 1__________ is the direct electronic transmission of purchase and ordering information from one company's computer system to another company's computer system.

Electronic data interchangeQuestion 2Which of the following statements about knowledge is true?

Knowledge is the understanding that one gains from information.Question 3In the process of capturing information, ASCII text is generated by:

optical character recognition softwareQuestion 4Raw data contain useful information that communicate a clear and readily understandable message to the person for which the data were gathered.

Correct FalseQuestion 5Which of the following statements about the characteristics and costs of useful information is true?

Useful information does not come cheaply.Question 6Two critical steps are required to make sure that data can be accessed by authorized users and no one else. They are:

authentication and authorizationQuestion 7

Unsupervised data mining is unethical.

Correct FalseQuestion 8The goal of an executive information system (EIS) is to:

provide accurate, complete, relevant, and timely information to managersQuestion 9Data mining is the:

process of discovering unknown patterns and relationships in large amounts of dataQuestion 10Data clusters:

occur when three or more database elements occur together in a significant way

Question 1The three principles that characterize TQM are continuous improvement, teamwork, and:

customer focus and satisfactionQuestion 2Downtime and lost efficiency are both examples of:

setup costsQuestion 3_______ refers to a manufacturing operation that divides manufacturing processes into separate parts or modules that are combined to create semi-customized products.

Assemble-to-orderQuestion 4Which of the following shows the correct relationship for productivity, outputs, and inputs?

Correctb. productivity = (outputs/inputs)Question 5__________ is a deviation in the form, condition, or appearance of a product from the quality standard for that product.

VariationQuestion 6The term __________ refers to restoring customer satisfaction to strongly dissatisfied customers.

service recoveryQuestion 7Two common measures of productivity are extrinsic productivity and intrinsic productivity.Correct FalseQuestion 8The three basic measures of inventory are inventory turnover, average aggregate inventory, and:

weeks of supplyQuestion 9Which of the following types of operations are most dependent on the accuracy of sales forecasts?

make-to-stock operationsQuestion 10The first step in the service-profit chain is external service quality or the quality of treatment that employees receive from a company’s internal service providers.Correct False