views on news: issue: august 22, 2014

RAGING CABLE WARSSOCIAL MEDIA HERD CULTURE

VIEWS ON NEWSMEDIA MONITOR EXCLUSIVESTV MINUTES MODI HOGGED 24NEWSBREAK: CHANNEL vs CHANNEL 26

INTERVIEWTHE INIMITABLE

RAJKUMAR SANTOSHI 52

SMALL SCREENHOOKED TO JODHA AKBAR 56

THE CRITICAL EYE

ENTER THEBARON

why cross ownership threatens a free pressthe india today-express-ibn-ndtv-hindu media-go-roundrupert murdoch’s hall of shame

kya hua NaMo, chup

kyun ho?

HINDI SECTION

noteE D I T O R’ S

When my husband Pradeep Rai and I

launched the maiden edition of Views On

News (VON) more than seven years

ago, little did we realize that as the

years rolled by, the need and space for

this kind of magazine would be far greater

than we had ever imagined. What we began

was essentially what the Americans describe as a

“mom-and-pop store” in which convenience and

filling a vacuum takes priority over sophistication,

style, and deadlines.

Yet we were able to attract writers like veteran

journo Kuldip Nayar, politician Natwar Singh, and

even the indomitable Amitabh Bachchan. This was

because the media and its role in society was some-

thing that commanded riveting attention. You can-

not harp enough on this subject.

For several years, VON appeared in a subdued

manner but the flame that inspired the publication

never died. Because it burned within me. You are

witnessing, with this issue, the relaunch of VON in

a new avatar.

The need for a media monitor, a journalism re-

view, is today an overwhelming

social necessity. As a newsperson, I

am acutely aware of the public’s dis-

enchantment with the media as a

whole. Charges of “paid media”

“sold-out journalists,” “unfair re-

porting”, “entrapment stings,” “jour-

no-politicians”, “rigged opinion

polls” fly fast and furious.

Let’s face it. The Indian media is facing a credi-

bility crisis. And what better way to face this situa-

tion than to take a hard, objective look at our own

performance by monitoring television, newspapers,

magazines, and online news and local media. I say

this not only because we need to critique our own

industry before public opinion triggers off even

more government meddling with the free press, but

also because the press today needs the same kind of

oversight by freedom-loving people as politicians,

the judiciary and the bureaucracy. It is the best way

to ensure that it remains unshackled.

When we first started the magazine, the social

media was virtually unheard of. Today, it has taken

over the global space and poses a great and exciting

new challenge for publications like ours in terms

of covering its virtual reality, unmatched influence

and dimensions.

Our first issue contains many of the tried and

tested sections, such as “Breaking News” from our

unique 24x7 TV monitoring team, bouquets and

brickbats and media reviews, along with a rich fare

for our Hindi readers. It also offers several value ad-

ditions—a team of well-known writers with re-

search backed up by our ENC Television Network

and the most exhaustive library of TV news footage.

I would like to continue VON as a participatory

exercise in which you the reader can write or email

us directly about suggestions, articles, complaints,

praise, and critiques about the mass media and the

social media. After all, this is your platform for the

democratic right to voice your opinion.

HERE’S YOUR VERY OWN PLATFORM

3VIEWS ON NEWS August 22, 2014

C O N Editor-in-Chief Rajshri Rai

Managing EditorRamesh Menon

Executive EditorAlam SrinivasSenior EditorVishwas Kumar

Contributing EditorsNaresh Minocha, Girish Nikam

Associate EditorMeha Mathur

Deputy EditorsPrabir Biswas, Probir Pramanik

Junior Sub EditorR Parvathy

Hindi DeskSeema, Divya Priya, Sheetal

Art DirectorAnthony LawrenceSenior Visualizer

Amitava SenGraphic Designer

Lalit KhitoliyaPhotographer

Anil ShakyaNews CoordinatorKh Manglembi Devi

Production Pawan Kumar

Director (Marketing) Raju Sarin

GM (Sales & Marketing)Naveen Tandon-09717121002DGM (Sales & Marketing)Feroz Akhtar-09650052100

Marketing AssociateGgarima Rai

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VOLUME. VII ISSUE. 22

Published by Raju Sarin on behalf of E N Communications Pvt Ltd and printed atCIRRUS GRAPHICS Pvt Ltd., B-61, Sector-67, Noida. (UP)- 201 301 (India)

All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation in any language in whole or in part without permis-sion is prohibited. Requests for permission should be directed to E N Communications Pvt Ltd .

Opinions of writers in the magazine are not necessarily endorsed by E N Communications Pvt Ltd .The Publisher assumes no responsibility for the return of unsolicited material or for material lost or

damaged in transit. All correspondence should be addressed to E N Communications Pvt Ltd .

Chief Editorial AdvisorInderjit Badhwar

CFOAnand Raj Singh

VP (HR & General Administration)Lokesh C Sharma

LEDE

Hogging the Pie

Hall of infamy?Even with media glare centered onthe high-profile phone-hacking scandal involving Rupert Murdoch’sNews International, his appetite for business expansion and takeovers remains unsatiated.

18

MEDIA MONITORING

Modi grabs maximumTV news coverage An analysis based on the TV monitoring intelligence report By The Media Monitor.

24

MEDIA

Comfort zone in conflict reportingRAJENDRA BAJPAI says journalists havebecome slavish followers of the officialline on defense and foreign affairs.

22

10With the growing trend of corporatization in news mediaacross platfo rms, the debate onregulating cross ownership gainscredence. By ALAM SRINIVAS

Media go Round 14

4 VIEWS ON NEWS August 22 , 2014

Mukesh Ambani’s acquisition ofNetwork18 Group a churn in Eng-lish media. It has impacted TVchannels and print publications.By RAJENDRA BAJPAI

T E N T S

PR

Selling overa tea cupRAMESH MENON’S blow-by-blow account of how Modi's well-plannedand clinically devised marketing campaign had media on its tenterhooks.

38

BOOKS

Good reads great insightsJournos like Ramesh Menon, Alam Srinivas, Sanjaya Baru, Manoj Mitta,Paranjoy Guha Thakurta and Hari Jaisingh offer a bountiful crop. By INDERJIT BADHWAR

42

WEB CRAWLERS

Web sensibility on newsA look at what is trending on the news websites. By R PARVATHY

36

HAWK EYE

Politics of cable warsALAM SRINIVAS looks at how political interests are taking over cable and digital distribution to manipulate news.

32

SMALL SCREEN

Hats off! EktaSoap queen Ekta scores another mega hit that has viewers hooked onthe larger-than-life romantic tale. By INDERJIT BADHWAR

56

KALEIDOSCOPE

Will digital mediachange our lives?New media undergoes rapid growthin India, blurring the lines between various platforms. By RAMESH MENON

34

PHOTOGRAPHY

Home without a doorPictures come to life when SHADABNAZMI scripts the story of the homeless who live on the streets with a camera.

44

8 Pages of Hindi Views

R E G U L A R SEdit..................................................03Media-go-round..............................06As the world turns...........................08Breaking news.…............................28Design.............................................48Talking to.........................................52Entertainment..................................54 Quotes.............................................57

¢¹ff WXbAf ³f¸fû,¨fb´f ¢¹fûa WXû........58EÔIYSX dSX½¹fc............................62Vff¶ffVf dSX´fûMXÊSX.......................64

You have heard about

parliamentarians being paid to

raise embarrassing questions in the

two houses.

You have heard about judges

being paid to fix cases.

You have heard about cricketers

being paid to miss a particular ball

or throw away matches.

But have you heard about TV

journalists/anchors being paid to

ask or not to ask uncomfortable

questions?

If you have and want to share it,

then write to us at:

[email protected]

OR Views on News, ENC Network,

A-9, Sector 68, Gautam Buddh

Nagar, Noida (UP)- 201309


Cover design and cover illustration: Anthony Lawrence

EDIA-GO-ROUND

Football fever

THE MEDIA was raked over the coals over “paid news”

by the Election Commission (EC). While showcausing

former Maharashtra chief minister Ashok Chavan on

allegations of suppressing information about money

spent on 25 advertisements in Marathi newspapers

during the assembly elections in 2009, EC said that

the media should act with responsibility while

publishing such news, and append them with

disclaimers. The ads-as-news coverage included

Chavan’s name, the name of his constituency

and his picture. EC said such indiscreet

releases obfuscates the voter’s mind from

making concessions while arriving at a

judgment about a candidate.

SOCCER FANS in India took to the social

media in a big way during FIFA 2014. In fact,

Indians were second after the Brazilians to

register their online presence globally. This

augurs well for the popularity of the game in

India which is ranked 154. India also

contributed around 3 percent of the hype

generated in social media for the event.

Out of FOCUSIT SEEMS Bollywood stars and the media,

especially lensmen, have been giving a cold

shoulder to each other in recent times. While

photographers have taken umbrage at the

attitude shown by the stars, the celebrities seem

to be upset by the brash and absurd behavior of

the media. Salman Khan is a prominent name

on the list. The lensmen union boycotted

Mr Dabbang till July 25, the day his latest movie

Kick hit the theatres.

“IT’S TIME that Hindi media should quit

preconceived notions and stubbornness, and get

passionately involved in journalism again,” eminent

Hindi journalist Mrinal Pande said at the Red Ink

Awards, instituted by the Mumbai Press Club. She

won the Lifetime Achievement Award at the event.

Other journos to be felicitated at the ceremony

included Arpit Parashar of Fountain Ink;

Jwalit Vyas and Ranjit Shinde of The

Economic Times; Virat Markandeya of The

Caravan; Narendra Bisht of Outlook, and

Zeeshan Shaikh of The Indian Express.

The powerful tool of social media is like a

genie which can be used both for good and

bad effects. Realising the damaging effects

of the medium, the Modi-government listed

out 10 must-dos for ministers who use twit-

ter and Facebook regularly.

According to a report in The Economic

Red Ink Day

For a responsible Media

Making waves in BonnKHABAR LAHARIA, an eight-page

Bundelkhandi newspaper, has won the

DW Best of blogs (The Bobs) Global

Media Forum Award in Hindi by

Deutsche Welle, in Bonn, Germany. It is

now an online and newspaper project.

The online edition also offers an

English version.

Provision for New channels ARUN JAITLEY has announced two

new channels in his budget. A 24-hour

channel for farmers, Kisan Channel,

would provide critical information on

farming issues. Its allocation: `100

crore. Another channel, Arun Prabha,

will be started in the North East. New

boondoggle or boon for the farmers?

M


TRAI report on Media due by August

Modi shies away from media

Ramdev to organize a Social Media Shivir

Ishant Sharma in latest Amul Ad

India Second in social media usage

TELECOM REGULATORY

Authority of India (TRAI) will

come up with its recommendations

on media control and ownership

by August end. TRAI had come

up with its consultation paper

—“Issues relating to Media

Ownership”—in February

2013 which called for public

comments on the need, nature

and level of restrictions and

safeguards with respect to

cross-media ownership.

INDIA’S win over England in the

second Test Match at Lord’s has turned

Ishant Sharma into a poster boy for

advertisers. He is the latest cricketer to

feature in the Amul advertisement.

His career best of 7-74,which sealed

India’s win, seems to have sealed

Ishant’s luck as well. Previously Sachin

Tendulkar and Virat Kohli featured in

the Amul ads.

INDIA HAS exhibited the most

significant growth in usage of social

media websites, recording an all time

high of 37.4 percent in 2013, according

to a study by e-Marketer, a US-based

independent market research firm.

Facebook and Twitter lead the rat race.

SME Times reported that looking at the

trend, India would probably have the

largest Facebook population in the

world by 2016.

YOGA GURU and political activist Baba

Ramdev will organize a three-day “Social Media

Shivir” in Haridwar starting July 26, 2014.

According to a Times of India report, followers

will be taught the art of "opinion making" on

social media to help build a host of volunteers

who would be proficient in using social media for

Ramdev. The Shivir has already garnered over

2,000 online registrations.

New CEO for Balaji TelefilmsSAMEER NAIR was recently appointed as the

Group Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Balaji

Telefilms and its subsidiary companies. Nair, a

veteran in the industry was previously the

Programming Head, COO & CEO of Star Network,

and more recently, CEO of NDTV Imagine. Sameer

revamped the Star TV network by launching Kaun

Banega Crorepati alongside the Balaji daily soaps on

Star Plus in 2000.

EVER SINCE the election campaigns had

begun, we saw how Narendra Modi used

the social media to the hilt. It was also

instrumental in his win and connected him

with the people directly. But one

wonders why even after being elected

Prime Minister he continues to evade the

mainstream media. So much so that

according to a BBC report, he avoided

taking journalists with him to the BRIC

summit and chose to take reporters from

two news agencies and Doordarshan

news. Does the PM have trust issues with

the press corp?


S THE WORLD TURNS

Social media latest battleground in Middle East THE MEDIA’S FAILURE to project the correct picture of the

ongoing Israel-Gazza conflict, has enabled a Twitter hashtag

#gazaunderattack to emerge as a major source of misinformation

and propaganda. Graphic violent images of civilians under fire

have been posted in large numbers, suggesting that news organi-

zations were turning a blind eye to the attacks. “The media are

not reporting anything,” was the hashtag’s catch line. But media

analysts warned that some of the pictures of violence circulated

#gazaunderattack thread were recycled images from 2007.

Instagram photo of plus-sizewomen sets media buzzing19-YEAR-OLD Samm Newman from Chillicothe waged a

war against Instagram after pictures of her posing in her

underclothes were removed along with her account.

According to The Newark Advocate, the photo-sharing social

media service shut her account for violating the rule of

“keeping one’s clothes on.” Realizing the hypocrisy of the

service which did not remove other similar pictures featuring

“smaller-sized” women, Newman contacted the media

following which Instagram reinstated her account. However,

by then the news had gone viral across several countries and

now her account boasts of 6,000 followers.

Chinese media attacks fast food giants

Malaysian jetliner did notmake distress call THE MALAYSIA Airlines jetliner that was shot down in Ukraine

did not make any distress call, Malaysia’s Prime Minister Najib

Razak disclosed. He said that the flight route of the ill-fated jet had

been declared safe by the International Civil Aviation Organization.

The aviation body had also stated that the air space that the aircraft

was traversing was not subject to restrictions. This is the second

tragedy to hit Malaysia Airlines this year. Its Flight 370 disappeared

on March 8 while en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing. It has not

been found, but the search has been concentrated in the Indian

Ocean west of Australia.

MEDIA ALLEGATIONS against meat suppliers

selling expired meat to American fast food chains like

McDonald’s and KFC in China prompted the

authorities to suspend Shanghai Husi Food Co, the

Chinese unit of US-based food supplier OSI Group.

BBC reported that foreign brands have not warmed

up to Chinese consumers and that’s why food security

is not a primary concern for them. Meanwhile,

authorities are questioning the regulator’s competency

and silence over the issue.

Forbes Mediasells shares to HongKong groupBREAKING 97 YEARS of family own-

ership, Forbes Media sold a majority

of its shares to Hong Kong-based

investment firm, Integrated

Whale Media Investments for an

undisclosed sum. According

to Microcap Observer, Steve

Forbes, chairman and

editor-in-chief will

continue to retain his post.


A

The New York Times recently carried an

edit that rang alarm bells across the media

world. It raised the specter of India’s Press

—lauded over the decades as amongst the

most diverse and free in the globe—as an

endangered species. NYT spoke menac-

ingly of the return to the days when “In-

dira Gandhi, India’s prime minister,

declared a state of emergency on June 25,

1975, (and) immediately imposed strict

censorship of the press. With defiant ex-

ceptions, much of the press caved in

quickly to the new rules, prompting L.K.

Advani, one of the founders of the

Bharatiya Janata Party, who was jailed

during the emergency, to comment later:

‘You were merely asked to bend, but you

chose to crawl.’”

As of now NYT is crying wolf. The

Indian media—watch TV, read this space

and magazine along with its sister

publication India Legal and its website,

scan the English language and regional

papers, and you can come to no other

conclusion other than judging India’s

press as relatively healthy and robust.

NYT’s conclusion is based on the

growth of “paid news”, the sacking of

intrepid editors like Siddharth Vardarajan

and Hartosh Bal from the Hindu newspa-

per, and Open magazine, and Mukesh

Ambani’s assuming Murdochian magni-

tude after taking over the CNN-IBN

conglomerate.

Relevant. But straws in the wind. Yet.

The positives are that even during the

Emergency, the high courts excoriated

censorship and the redeeming values of a

free press reasserted themselves. Press

censorship legislation has never suc-

ceeded in India. Also, the danger signals

to which NYT refers have been

exposed not by the foreign but by the free

Indian media.

Not to forget, India is still a vibrant

democracy, now fueled by a fiercely proud

social media movement. The danger, as

this cover story points out, lurks in

unregulated cross ownership and emerg-

ing media monopolies.

The cover story, in this re-launched

issue of Views On News—India’s first

journalism watchdog magazine—is in

itself a testament to the multiplicity of dif-

ferent voices and opinions which can still

be heard in the Indian media.

STRAWS IN THE WIND

VIEWS ON NEWS August 22, 2014 9

—Inderjit Badhwar

Ledecross-media ownership

THE PIEHOGGING

A

With the growing trend of corporatizationin news media across platfo rms, it is

imperative to regulate without compromising freedom.

BY ALAM SRINIVAS

Ledecross-ownership

ship, one of them said that every media owner had

“business interests”. No owner was an NGO.

Critics may taunt Network18 for changing its

editorial coverage on sensitive issues. “Live with

it,” he added. There was nothing called “balanced

reporting”, he claimed.

The interaction provided insights into a fresh

debate that is raging across newsrooms—in print

publications, news channels and websites. It is

about the fear of increasing corporate ownership

in news media. It is about ownership of news by

politicians, realtors and fly-by-night operators.

few weeks ago, senior media managers of Reliance

Industries Ltd (RIL), owned by Mukesh Ambani,

addressed the journalists of a sister concern, the

Network18 Group, which was taken over by RIL.

When quizzed about editorial independence,

which seemed threatened by a change in owner-


media monopolies

More importantly, it is about the lack of laws and

rules on cross-media ownership, which may lead

to vertical and horizontal monopoly or oligopoly.

The fact is that apart from a few restrictions in

radio, where news is not allowed on FM channels,

and TV distribution (direct-to-home or DTH),

there are no curbs on ownership across media

platforms (print, TV, internet) or down the

distribution chain (broadcaster, cable and DTH).

India is a unique and mature market, where a

media baron can own newspapers, magazines,

news channels, news websites and portals, cable

distribution and DTH.

Although the part-market regulator, TRAI,

recommended equity caps on vertical and

horizontal ownerships in February 2009, and

floated another consultation paper last year, the

government has not taken any decision. Worse,

the regulator and experts seem to be unaware of

the real issues that are involved in cross-media

ownership. Views On News analyzes the factors

that have to be included in discussions and de-

bates in the near future.

Telecom: new game changerAt present, the focus is largely on print, TV, radio

and internet. Even TRAI’s paper talks about them.

No one looks at telecom (mobile), which is likely

to become the most-preferred platform for news

consumption among a majority of consumers,

especially the younger ones. Therefore, there is

an implicit logic to extend any future cross-media

restrictions to mobile service providers. Some

of them, like Reliance Jio, Vodafone, and Idea

can easily emerge as the next “Google”, which

has a near-monopoly over internet news and

information.

Take the example of Reliance Jio, which is part

of RIL Group and the only company with pan-

India licences to launch 4G services. Once 4G

kicks in, the mobile will become the instrument

to consume news “on the go”, i.e. while you are in

office or in your car. (One assumes here that news

will not be allowed on FM radio, although the new

information and broadcasting minister has made

the “right” noises to open this medium.) RIL, with

its control over the platform, and news and

entertainment content in several languages

through ownership of Network18 and Eenadu

Group, can become a monopoly that may attract

more eyeballs than news channels and dailies.

Imagine what will happen if Mukesh Ambani

joins hands with his estranged younger brother,

Anil, as is being rumored in corporate board-

rooms. Although the brothers split the original

Reliance Group in 2005, they smoked the peace

pipe a few years later. If they do join hands again,

they will emerge as Indian Murdochs; the Aus-

tralian born Rupert Murdoch manages a global

media conglomerate that stretches from Australia

to Europe and the US.

Together, the Ambanis will dominate

distribution—DTH (owned by Anil), and cable

(Anil recently purchased Digicable, one of the

largest in India). They will control huge market

shares in news and entertainment content; while

RIL owns news and other media entities, Anil has

tie-ups for entertainment and interactive content

(games and social networking). In addition, they

will control platforms—radio and telecom

Imagine whatwill happen ifMukesh Ambanijoins hands withhis estrangedyounger brother,Anil. Togetherthey will emergeas Indian Murdochs. Theywill dominatedistribution,content and platforms.


(2G, 3G and 4G). While Mukesh has 4G, Anil owns

FM radio channels and has substantial market

shares in 2G and 3G services.

Ban on individuals or groupsOne of the suggestions in TRAI’s latest consultation

paper is that certain individuals (politicians) and

specific institutions (religious groups and political

parties) should be barred from news media. Such a

measure will get embroiled in a legal mess. These

individuals and groups will knock at Supreme

Court’s door and argue that this restriction

contravenes Article 19(1) of the constitution, which

deals, among others, with the fundamental right to

freedom of speech and expression.

Going by legal precedents, the Supreme Court

may act against the curb. In Sakal Papers vs Union

of India, it stated: “This Court must be ever vigilant

in guarding perhaps the most precious of all free-

doms guaranteed by our Constitution…. The

freedom of speech and expression of opinion is of

paramount importance under a democratic

Constitution which envisages changes in the com-

position of legislatures and governments and must

be preserved.” In Naraindas vs State of Madhya

Pradesh, it observed: “It is our firm belief, nay a

conviction… that there must be freedom not only

for the thought we cherish, but also for the thought

we hate.”

Bogey of equity capsIn February 2009, TRAI recommended an equity

cap of 20 percent if an owner wanted to extend his

media empire either horizontally (across

platforms) or vertically (in to distribution). This

was one of the suggestions in its recent consulta-

tion paper too. However, not many realize the

problems with any form of equity caps, and the

fact that they have not worked in other sectors.

One, if a cap is proposed, what happens to the

existing owners, who have fingers in several cross-

media pies? Will they be asked to reduce their

shareholdings in other media entities? Will they

be forced to spin out different media divisions

within the same company into different firms, and

then reduce their stakes? How will the government

convince foreign investors—media conglomerates

and private equity players—who have stakes in

existing media firms? Or will it be merely prospec-

tive law, which will enable media barons to retain

current domination?

Two, as we have seen in media and telecom,

there are several ways to wriggle around equity

caps. For example, as per existing regulations, a

broadcaster cannot own over 20 percent in a DTH

entity. However, the Subhash Chandra-owned Zee

Group owns TV channels, including news, cable

distribution and DTH.

Indian promoters manage to wield control over

companies despite owning minority, or less than

20 percent, stakes. Also, they float new companies

to wriggle around caps, or get their family

At present the focus is largely onprint, TV, radio and internet. Noone looks at telecom (mobile),which is likely to become the most preferred platform for news consumption.


Ledecross-ownership

media monopolies

members and friends to own different firms.

In telecom, when FDI equity cap was 74

percent, the Hong Kong-based Hutchison Group

owned over 86 percent in its Indian operations.

Later, it sold out to Vodafone. But how did

Hutchison do it? Through Hutchison Telecommu-

nications International, registered in Cayman

Islands, it owned 52 percent. Another 22 percent

was held through Mauritius-based firms. How-

ever, the combined over 12 percent stakes held by

two Indians, Ashim Ghosh (4.68 percent) and

Analjit Singh (7.58 percent), was also indirectly

controlled by the Hutchison Group.

The reason: Hutchison provided the guaran-

tees to financial institutions, which bank-rolled

Ghosh and Singh for their purchases. Therefore,

it was evident that the two Indians would not act

against Hutchison’s wishes. In effect, Hutchison

controlled 86.26 percent in the Indian operations.

Three, in many cases, control over a media

firm is exercised through loans. This was initially

the case between RIL and Network18, before the

former officially took over the media group. In the

beginning, RIL formed a new entity, Independent

media Trust, which extended `1,700 crore to

privately-held firms, which were owned by

Network18’s previous owner, Raghav Bahl, and

through which Bahl owned sizeable stakes in the

listed media firms.

Legally, RIL or Independent Media Trust had

no stakes in the listed media companies. However,

the huge loan enabled them to possibly influence

Bahl’s decisions which, in turn, probably impacted

the editorial freedom of the Group’s news chan-

nels. The money was given through compulsorily

converted debentures, which implied that they

would be converted into shares at a later date, as

they did, and give direct control to the Trust,

which happened subsequently.

Four, minority shareholders with less than 20

percent stakes, especially private equity players,

wield influence over the boards of media entities.

This is possible because of the stringent clauses in

the agreements that the new investors sign with

the owners. One of the clauses relates to the “af-

firmative vote rights” of the director(s) appointed

by the private equity firm. This meant that unless

the director(s) gave “affirmative” nod, crucial de-

cisions, like expenditure over a specific sum,

mergers and acquisitions, and alterations in busi-

ness plans, could not be passed by the board. It im-

plied that the private equity firm’s director(s) had

veto powers.

Clearly, if TRAI or the government is serious

about curbs on cross-media ownership, they have

to think beyond their myopic logic. They have to

understand the realities of media landscape in the

country, and the mindsets of Indian promoters.

They will have to seek out the “devils” in the fine

print of whatever rules and laws they write.

There are several ways to escape equity capson cross-media ownership. A media baroncan get his family and friends to own an entity. He can introduce veto powers in contracts, or set up a new company.


Ledetakeovers and hirings

NDUSTRIALIST Mukesh Ambani, nor-

mally shy of exposure to media unlike his brother

Anil, has taken a big plunge and completed acqui-

sition of Raghav Bahl’s Network18 Group, which

brings into his fold English and vernacular news

as well entertainment channels. Almost the entire

leadership of Network18 Group, including Bahl and his wife, Ritu

Kapur, and group company CNN-IBN’s Chief Editor Rajdeep

Sardesai and his wife and Deputy Editor Sagarika Ghose re-

signed. Later, Bahl refused to be the group’s non-executive

editor. Network18 Group, whose suite of general news,

business and entertainment channels has a pan-India

footprint, is currently headless and rumours are rife

about media personalities who might join it.

Four people, including seasoned journalists like

BV Rao (formerly with Sahara), Rohit Bansal, and

Gautam Chickermane (formerly with Outlook Investor and Hin-

dustan Times), have joined Reliance as part of the content team.

But one is not sure whether they will drive content generation for

Reliance Jio’s 4G services, or whether they will also be involved

with Network18. However, Mukesh appears to be in no great

hurry to pinpoint the editorial hierarchy, and it might be a month

or two before all editorial and non-editorial positions are filled.

This may be finalized only when 4G takes off.

Barkha Dutt of NDTV is rumored to take Sardesai’s position,

but in a recent meeting with CNN-IBN employees, Bansal denied

the news. Barkha is in touch with Mukesh Ambani and his right-

hand man, Manoj Modi. She may become the overall head of

content, both Network18 and 4G. Her decision to move out of

MEDIA MERRY- Corporate takeover of media outlets leads to a churn in the sector and raises fears about effective safeguards to protect editorial independence. BY RAJENDRA BAJPAI

14

MUKESH AMBANIHas acquired Network18Group from Raghav Bahl

VIEWS ON NEWS August 22 , 2014

media monopolies

NDTV may be driven by several factors. There is

speculation that Adani Group, which is perceived

to be close to Prime Minister Narendra Modi,

may pick up a sizeable stake in NDTV.

The future of Sardesai, Ghose, Bahl and Kapur

too is not clear. There is speculation that Sardesai

and wife might return to the IBN fold; or they

could move to the India Today Group. Ghose is

billed to be the next editor of India Today

magazine and Sardesai may join Headlines Today.

Sardesai told Views On News that it was all

speculation and that he was currently writing a

book on the just-concluded general elections and

that he might decide later what to do. He also said

that as far as he knew his wife, Sagarika, was

planning to go back to the print media.

Bahl on his part has made clear that his future

lay in the digital space because he believed jour-

nalism or news would migrate to online medium

and would largely be carried on hand-held de-

vices like mobile phone and tablets. He was happy

that he had both the capital and experience now

to chart a new course for himself, something that

he did not have when he took the plunge into the

television business.

There are more changes in this media-

go-around. After almost two decades, Shekhar

Gupta, editor-in-chief of the Indian Express

Group, who was stripped of the CEO position, left

the company to join the India Today Group as

vice chairman and editor-in-chief of all the news

properties. Tellingly, in his letter to the employees,

Aroon Purie, chairman, did not mention the

names of his three children (two daughters and a

son) and said: “In his new role, Shekhar has

promised to liberate me from day-to-day opera-

GO-ROUNDtions, so that I can work to guiding the group into

a future of great promise, growth and excitement.”

Does this imply that Purie, who has always

been a hands-on person, is in the retirement

mode? Does this mean the Purie family is willing

to transfer ownership to KM Birla, who has a 26

percent stake in India Today’s holding company?

Was Shekhar Birla’s choice?

Newslaundry.com, an online media-centric

website, said Gupta’s departure from Indian

Express was due to Anant Goenka, the son of pub-

lisher Vivek Goenka. Anant, a wholetime director,

who was mainly involved with online content,

wanted a greater say in Express. It caused friction

between him and Shekhar, finally leading to his

RAJDEEP SARDESAI(Right) Is currentlywriting a book.(Below) SagarikaGhose, is slated to bebe next editor ofIndia Today

departure. In several interviews, Goenka has said

that the future of news lay in online presence.

However, in a major jolt to Indian Express,

Shekhar plans to woo several journalists from the

daily to India Today. Reportedly, 10-15 journalists

may shift. But the two seniors, Raj Kamal Jha and

Unnikrishnan were persuaded

by Anant to stay back in a sen-

sitive meeting. Shekhar’s entry in

India Today was possibly responsible for the sad

professional end for another family—Sandeep

Bamzai, editor, Mail Today, and his sister, Kaveree

Bamzai, Editor, India Today. While Kaveree has

quit, Sandeep is on his way out. The two e xits may

pave the way for the entry of another family,

Sardesai and Sagarika.

Another media group, which has witnessed

churning in editorial staff for several

months, is The Hindu. Ever since Siddharth

Varadarajan, the daily’s editor, quit in a

huff because of “interference” by the

owners, others have done the same.

Varadarajan was followed by MK Venu, the news-

paper’s resident editor in Delhi. He has joined the

Amar Ujala Group, which owns one of the largest

Hindi daily but has plans for English media.

Recently, Hindu’s two senior editors, P

Sainath, its rural editor and a Magsaysay Award

winner, and Praveen Swami, resigned. Earlier,

Suhasini Haider joined The Hindu as the

diplomatic editor, which peeved Sandeep Dixit,

who covered foreign policy. He went on a long

leave in protest and was finally placated with the

offer of business editor; he accepted it, though

with apprehensions. These changes were pushed

by Malini Parthasarthy, who regained the group’s

ownership from her relative N Ram in a board

room coup.

Yet another board room coup was the sale of

Businessworld (BW), a weekly business magazine,

by the Kolkata-based Anand Bazaar Patrika

(ABP) Group. After decades of losses, ABP finally

decided to sell the magazine, almost lock, stock

and barrel, along with the journalists, to Anurag

Batra, owner of Exchange4Media, and Vikram

Jhunjhunwala, an investor. According to reports,

Jhunjhunwala has sold most of his shares to Axis

Bank’s Rana Kapoor’s daughter. It was possibly the

first time that an online media firm took over a

print publication.

Immediately, Batra sacked several journalists

to pare down costs, continued the print version,

but strengthened the magazine’s online presence.

Recently, BW’s Editor Prosenjit Datta quit, and

Rajeev Dubey took over as the new editorial head.

Over the next few months, Batra plans to generate

revenue streams from events and seminars. In

addition, he hopes to convert BW into an

interactive website and something like an Internet

TV site. Journalists have been told to video record

all their meetings, so that they can be uploaded

on the website in real time. In the new scenario,

print may take a back seat.

Clearly, there are growing signs of corporati-

zation of Indian media. Although most media

There are growing signs ofcorporatization.This is possibly the first timethat large businesses are buying media properties. The entry of Ambani, Adani, Birlaand Rana Kapoor are pointers to this trend.

16

RAGHAV BAHLPlans to migrate to onlinemedium. (Below) Barkha Duttis rumored to join CNN-IBN

Ledetakeovers and hirings

media monopolies

anytime in the past or future. Network18 had bor-

rowed Rs 1,700 crore from Mukesh two years ago

and issued him 10-year convertible debentures.

Some people believe Mukesh was irritated by

attacks on him during the run up to the 2014

national elections and his inability to retaliate.

With a media company in his bag he will now be

in a position to defend himself. Indian equity

research firms are in such awe of Mukesh, the

country’s richest man, that they would not com-

ment on timing of his decision to convert deben-

tures into equity.

Both Edelweiss Securities and Grant Thornton

declined to comment, although Abneesh Roy of

Edelweiss did tell a business newspaper that the

takeover could “potentially increase competitive

intensity in the TV broadcasting space, one needs

to see how much focus and bandwidth of RIL will

be available to Network18/TV18, which will be a

good fit to RIL’s consumer-facing businesses like

4G, retail, Indian Premiere League team etc.”

firms are owned through corporate structures,

this is the first time that large businesses are

buying media properties. The entry of Ambani,

Adani, Birla and Rana Kapoor are pointers to this

trend. Venture capitalists and private equity

players are more willing to invest in media firms,

as was witnessed during the later-soured deal

between DB Shaw and Amar Ujala.

The first hint that Independent Media Trust

(IMT), of which Reliance Industries Ltd. (RIL) is

the sole beneficiary, was about to acquire Bahl’s

companies came on May 29 when it announced

approval of Rs 4,000 crore to complete the

purchase. Still, it came as a bit of a shock to IBN

staffers that day when Bahl’s wife, Ritu Kapur,

head of programming at TV18, came to the office

and announced it was her last day there.

A subsequent RIL announcement said: “With

the completion of this transaction, IMT and RIL

have become promoters of NW18 and TV18.”

RIL’s initial foray into broadcasting and digital

space will give it 78 percent in NW18 and 9

percent in TV18; the remaining shares will come

through open offers to the public. Mukesh will get

control of CNBC-TV18 and CNBC Awaaz ;

CNN-IBN and IBN7 ; ETV MP, UP, Rajasthan,

Bihar, Urdu, Kannada, Bangla and Haryana and

IBN Lokmat .

Entertainment channels Colors, Rishtey,

MTV, MTV Indies, Vh1, Nick, Sonic, Comedy

Central, ETV Marathi, Gujarati, Oriya, and

History18 will also fall into his lap, apart from

Bahl’s various investments in publication and dig-

ital sphere, including Forbes magazine. Analysts

see it as a good fit for Mukesh’s investment in

telecom, where Reliance Jio is to roll out its

network next year on 4G platform.

The timing of Reliance to acquire Network18

was intriguing. It could have made the move at

17

SHEHAR GUPTA(Front) Has joinedIndia Today Group asvice chairman and editor-in-chief. (Behind) Aroon Purie isin the retirement mode

VIEWS ON NEWS August 22, 2014


GlennMulcairePrivateInvestigator

HALL OF

Neville Thurlbeck,Chief Reporter

CliveGoodman,Royal FamilyReporter

Matt Nixson FormerFeatures Editor

Polly Graham, FormerShowbiz Editor

Rav Singh FormerShowbiz Editor

Jules Stenson FormerAssistant Editor

recent Huffington

Post article highlight-

ed how the 83-year

old’s Twenty-First

Century Fox Inc

made an ambi-

tious bid of $80

billion to Time

Warner Inc, an offer if trans-

formed into reality will change the

American media landscape by

concentrating the bulk of media

and sports content into the

tycoon’s hands and making him

the most powerful man in US

media. However, Time Warner

has outrightly rejected the offer

fearing the undue influence of

Murdoch’s family and the

indecisiveness on Fox Inc’s future.

With Murdoch refusing to give up

his chase, what remains to be seen

is how he negotiates the deal while

the future of his company hangs

on a thin thread.

From phone hacking to

bribery, the corruption at News

International has involved many

players—increasingly, ones close

to Rupert Murdoch. ProPublica

mapped out the players involved

in this growing debacle, organized

by their proximity to Rupert

Murdoch, James Murdoch and

other senior staff. Keep in mind

that in the United Kingdom,

officers can make arrests without

a formal charge.

June 24, 2014: Former editor

Andy Coulson was found guilty of

conspiracy to hack phones, while

Rebekah Brooks was found not

guilty of all charges. Also acquitted

were Brooks' husband Charlie, her

secretary Cheryl Carter, head of

security Mark Hanna (all found

not guilty of conspiracy to "pervert

the course of justice") and retired

managing editor Stuart Kuttner

(found not guilty on phone hack-

ing charges). The jury has not yet

reached a verdict on further

charges against Coulson and for-

mer royal editor Clive Goodman

relating to paying police officers.

Lede media monopoliesrupert’s woes

INFAMY?45 people were arrested, 21 charged and five found guilty in the phone hacking scandal involving Rupert Murdoch’s empire. But his appetitefor expansion and takeovers remains unsatiated.

The chart shows the fate of reporters,writers and managers in the News ofthe World and The Sun. Concentric circles show the individuals’ proximityto Rupert Murdoch


Tom Crone NewsInternational LegalAffairs Manager

LesHintonDowJonesCEO

Rupert Murdoch NewsCorp Chairman & ChiefExecutive Officer

James Murdoch NewsCorp Deputy ChiefOperating Officer

Rebekah Brooks NewsInternational ChiefExecutive

Mark HannaNewsInternationalHead of Security

Greg Miskiw,Former

AssistantEditor

StuartKuttner,FormerManagingEditor

David Johnson,Brooks'formersecurity guard

Daryl JorslingBrooks' formersecurity guard

Paul EdwardsBrooks' formerchauffeur

ChargedArrested Arrested more than onceFound GuiltyPled GuiltyFound not GuiltyResigned

Charlie BrooksRebekah Brooks'husband

Cheryl Carter Brooks' former personal assistant

Duncan Larcombe,Royal Editor

Rachel Richardson,Fabulous Magazine Editor

Jane Atkison, NorthernFeatures Editor

John Sturgis,Reporter

Virginia Wheeler, Defense Editor

Chris Pharo,News Editor

GrahamDudman,FormerManagingEditor

Jamie Pyatt,District Editor

Neil Wallis, MediaConsultant, formerExecutive Editor

Lucy Patton,Former CrimeEditor Mike Sullivan,

Crime Editor

JohnEdwards,PictureEditor

Fergus Shanahan,Executive Editor,Former Deputy Editor

Geoff Webster,Deputy Editor

JamesDesborough,Reporter

Terenia Taras,Freelance Journalist

Nick Parker, ChiefForeign Correspondent This was an interactive graphic

on ProPublica website. We haveadapted it for the print version

In the UK arrests can be madewithout formal charges

Anthony France,Crime Reporter

Rhodri Phillips,Reporter

Raoul SimonsThe TimesDeputyFootball Editor

DouglasWight,FormerScotlandNews Editor

Patrick Foster,Former Timesjournalist

AndyCoulson,PM’s ChiefPress Officer,former Editor

Bob Bird, FormerScotland Editor

IanEdmondson,Senior Editor

JamesWeatherup,AssistantEditor

John Kay, ChiefReporterDan Evans,

Reporter

CIRCLES OF ARRESTS

R

R

R

R

commit misconduct in a public

office. Anthony France, a crime

reporter at The Sun was also

arrested.

Nov. 20: David Cameron's former

media chief Andy Coulson and

former News International chief

executive Rebekah Brooks were

charged for conspiring to pay

bribes to public officials. Two

other journalists were also

charged: John Kay, former chief

reporter at The Sun, and Clive

Goodman, a former News of the

World reporter. Former News of

the World crime editor Lucy

Patton, arrested last December on

suspicion of paying police officers.

August 30: Former News of the

World legal manager Tom Crone

was arrested on suspicion of

conspiracy to intercept communi-

cations. Former Times journalist

Patrick Foster, arrested over

suspected computer hacking,

and former News of the World

Scotland news editor Douglas

Wight, was arrested and charged

with perjury and conspiracy to

hack telephones.

August 29: Bob Bird, former

Scotland editor of News of the

World, was arrested and charged

with attempting to pervert the

course of justice.

July 31: Nick Parker, The Sun's

chief foreign correspondent, was

arrested on the suspicion of

gathering data from stolen mobile

phones. He has since been

released on bail.

July 24: British prosecutors

brought 19 conspiracy charges

against eight major figures in the

Murdoch scandal. The accused

include Rebekah Brooks, who

served as a top editor of

October 30, 2013: A London

court was told that Neville

Thurlbeck, James Weatherup, and

Greg Miskiw had pleaded guilty

to conspiracy to intercept commu-

nications, and Glenn Mulcaire

had pleaded guilty to hacking a

mobile phone.

June 19, 2013: Nick Parker, the

Sun’s chief foreign correspondent,

was charged with conspiracy to

commit misconduct in a

public office.

May 3, 2013: David Johnson, a

former security guard for Rebekah

Brooks, was charged Friday with

concealing potential evidence

relating to phone hacking.

Mar. 21, 2013: The Crown

Prosecution Service announced

that Neil Wallis, a former

executive editor of the News of the

World who was arrested in July

2011, would face no further

charges, due to "insufficient

evidence for a realistic prospect

of conviction."

Mar. 20, 2013: Geoff Webster, the

deputy editor of The Sun, was

charged with two counts of

conspiring to commit misconduct

in public office by authorizing pay-

ments to public officials.

Feb. 13, 2013: Six more

journalists were arrested on

suspicion of conspiracy to inter-

cept telephone communications.

They were former News of the

World editors Jules Stenson, Rav

Singh, Polly Graham and Matt

Nixson, and The Sun editors

Rachel Richardson and Jane

Atkinson.

Jan. 22, 2013: Virginia Wheeler,

The Sun’s defense editor, was

charged with conspiracy to

Murdoch's News of the World,

Andrew Coulson, another former

editor of the Murdoch paper, and

Stuart Kuttner, Glenn Mulcaire,

Greg Miskiw, Ian Edmondson,

Neville Thurlbeck and James

Weatherup. All eight have

previously been arrested, but

these criminal charges represent a

major escalation in the ongoing

scandal because the indicted

could now face prison time.

July 19: Rhodri Phillips, a news

reporter at The Sun, was arrested.

May 15: Rebekah Brooks, her

husband, and four others were

charged with conspiring to per-

vert the course of justice. The

other suspects include head of

security Mark Hanna, Brooks'

former

personal assistant Cheryl Carter,

her security guard Daryl Jorsling,

and her chauffeur Paul Edwards.

April 19: Duncan Larcombe,

the royal editor of The Sun, was

arrested on suspicion of

conspiracy to corrupt and

conspiracy to cause misconduct

in a public office.

March 15: Neville Thurlbeck,

a former chief reporter at

The News of the World, was

arrested on suspicion of

intimidating a witness. This is

his second arrest.

March 13: Six more people

were arrested including

Rebekah Brooks, her husband

Charlie Brooks and News

International Head of Security

Mark Hanna. This is Rebekah

Brooks' second arrest. We'll

be updating this chart with

more names as and when they

become known.

-Courtesy ProPublica


Lede media monopoliesrupert’s woes

FWhy have journalists surrendered their right of independent assessment? BY RAJENDRA BAJPAI

OR more than 60 years, two generations of Indian journalists have meekly

surrendered their right to question the government on defense and foreign

affairs, sometimes with disastrous consequences. They have dutifully pub-

lished the government version of defense-related issues and published re-

ports without questioning the country’s foreign policy. Journalists probably

fear being labeled traitors or worse, reprisals if they do not toe the

government line.

Take for instance, the routine reports of firing across the LoC between

India and Pakistan in Kashmir and at their common border, elsewhere.

Comfortin conflict

zonereporting

Reportingdefense and foreign affairs


CLICHED VIEWPOINT(Facing page) The media tamely reports theofficial view on LoC in Kashmir; (Above) Muchhue and cry on Vaidik’s meeting with Saeed

Newspapers andelectronic channelshave questionedVaidik’s credentialsbecause he was not representing a newspaper, magazine or electronic media. So what?

Indian newspapers and electronic

media routinely blame Pakistan for

violating the ceasefire agreement.

That makes Pakistanis the villains and

Indian soldiers emerge as saints.

There is never an attempt to find

out what’s happening. If they do not

have the willingness or resources to

investigate, the least they can do is to

say “the government claimed”. After

all, we have the IB, RAW, Military In-

telligence and other undercover or-

ganizations doing something or being

funded for no good reason.

In the 1950s, the Chinese made

several overtures to get India to

negotiate the border problem.

The Indian establishment, especially

the then prime minister Jawaharlal

Nehru, believed there was nothing to

negotiate as there was no real dispute,

as the McMahon Line established the

territory that belonged to India.

Indian newspapers were vocifer-

ous in advancing this theory. They

were not willing to entertain a con-

trary viewpoint.

How flawed this attitude was, was

clear from the fact that at the turn of

the last century Britain was the super-

power and when it sent out expedi-

tions to the border areas in British

India, they simply annexed territories.

And that’s what an expedition led by

Henry McMahon did when it visited

the eastern Himalayas.

The result of this total submission

was an unexpected war with China in

1962. Had newspapers forced the

government to negotiate, the war with

China may have been averted.

A more recent case that reflects

the mindset and ignorance of news-

papers and television channels is that

of freelance journalist Dr Ved Pratap

Vaidik. The TV channels have come

down heavily on Vaidik for meeting

Mumbai terror-accused Hafiz Saeed

in Lahore and saying in Pakistan that

he supports Kashmir’s independence.

Newspapers and electronic chan-

nels have questioned Vaidik’s creden-

tials as a journalist because he was not

representing a newspaper, magazine

or electronic media. So what? There

are hundreds of freelance journalists

in India who have as much right to

write and interview people as those

with official accreditation.

The interview with Hafiz Saeed

should have been lauded. Anybody

can interview Prime Minister Nawaz

Sharif but it’s difficult to get access to

Hafiz. Just because he is India’s enemy

is no reason not to meet him.

Arnab Goswami of Times Now in

his Newshour programme wondered

why Vaidik had not been arrested and

asked whether the government would

have ignored a journalist who inter-

viewed Dawood Ibrahim. In fact,

many Indian journalists have inter-

viewed Dawood, an extremely elusive

character. Several channels also

repeatedly broadcast Vaidik’s com-

ments that he welcomed independ-

ence of Kashmir. The comments were

snatched out of context.

Another case is that of 30-odd

Indians trapped in Iraq

where they are being held

hostage by ISIS. Newspapers said the

government was planning to rescue

them and that a couple of naval ves-

sels were in or around the Persian

Gulf. Rescue them? How? By sending

storm troopers? Or sending the

army? Such an operation would be

difficult even if countries bordering

Iraq were willing to extend help to

India. Newspapers don’t ask questions

but opt for the easiest way out.


Breakup as per Business, English News and Hindi News channels which included: Bloomberg, CNBC Awaaz, CNBC TV18, ET NOW, NDTV Profit,Zee Business, CNN IBN, Headlines Today, NDTV 24X7, Times Now, Aaj Tak,ABP News, Zee News, NDTV India, IBN 7, News 24, News 9, News Express,Tej TV, News Nation and India News.

Media monitoringTMM report

MODI GRABBED 2,455 HOURS OF TELEVISION NEWS COVERAGE BETWEEN

An analysis based on the TV monitoringintelligence report

By The Media Monitor

1st FEBRUARY TO18th JUNE


Monthly Channel BreakupTotal Duration

Channel Breakup

Total Duration (Hr:Min:Sec and %)

Total Duration (Hr:Min:Sec and %)

FEBRUARY: 380:53:34

ENGLISH NEWS CHANNELS657:02:03

BUSINESS CHANNELS(ENGLISH & HINDI)- 401:24:11

HINDI NEWS CHANNELS1396:41:27

MARCH: 484:12:07

APRIL: 585:47:08

MAY: 687:07:37

JUNE: 317:07:15

12.92%15.51%

19.72%27.99%

23.86%

56.89%16.35%

26.76%

Months Business Channels English Hindi Total (Hr: Min: Sec) Channels ChannelsFebruary 59:18:13 135:0035 186:34:46 380:53:34 (2.42%) (5.50%) (7.60%) (15.51%) March 45:20:28 132:58:07 305:53:32 484:12:07 (1.85%) (5.42%) (12.46%) (19.72%)April 118.51.51 134:14:48 332:40:29 585:47:08 (4.84%) (5.47%) (13.55%) (23.86%)May 134:57:32 165:20:48 386:49:17 687:07:37 (5.50%) (6.73%) (15.76%) (27.99%)Up to 18th June 42.56.07 89:27:45 184:43:23 317:07:15 (1.75%) (3.64%) (7.52%) (12.92%)Total 401:24:11 657:02:03 1396:41:27 2455:07:41 (16.35%) (26.76%) (56.89%) (100%)

A n analysis by TMM shows that it

was virtually a one man show on

TV news channels. Narendra

Modi as BJP’s prime ministerial candidate

cornered 2,445 hours of prime time

coverage of the total TV space, which was

more than his rivals, including members

of the Gandhi family and leaders like Mu-

layam Singh Yadav and Mamta Banerjee

put together.

The television monitoring intelligence

report data on coverage of top campaign-

ers in the general elections by English and

Hindi news channels between 8 PM to 10

PM (prime time) showed that Modi occu-

pied an astounding 2,455 hours or 83.65

percent of news channels’ total air time

from February 1 to June 18. While Hindi

channels devoted the maximum coverage

to Modi, business channels did not ex-

actly go gaga over the future prime min-

ister. Modi, however, managed to clock

16.35 percent of TV space on business

news channels.

Television clips—television footage of

duration of 30 seconds to 2 minutes—

were analyzed during prime time—fixed

news broadcast time slots during evening

programming—between 9 AM to 4 PM

and 7 PM to 11 PM (for business chan-

nels) and 7 PM to 11 PM (for English and

Hindi news channels.)

DISC

LAIM

ER TMM put together this report with the information which is in the publicly available domain (television as a medium) and reported the unbiased observations. TMM is not giving an opinion on any particular brand. This report is copyright material & TMM has the authority to disseminate this document. This report contains some trademarks, brands that belong to their respective owners.

Monthly Breakup

Virtual one man show on television

Channels Total Clips Business Channels 1810(English & Hindi) English Channels 1230 Hindi Channels 3527

Months Total Clips February 985 March 928 April 2127 May 1790 Up to18th June 737


BREAKING NEWSDATE NEWS CHANNEL TIME5/07/14

12:03PM 12:05PM 12:09PM

180 Indians including 46 nurses earlier held by ISIS, return home 12:04PM

12:52PM 1:14PM 2:00PM 2:05 PM 2:10PM

1:02PM 1:21PM 2:48PM

12:40PM 12:58PM

12:00PM

5/07/14 Aditya Pancholi files a `100 croredefamation case against Rabia Khanin High Court, hearing on July 9

5/07/14 Moradabad SSP hold BJP MPSuresh Singh responsible for tension

5/07/14Speaker Sumitra Mahajan call an all party meet before Budget to ensure smooth running of Parliament

5/07/14

1:40PM 1:00PM

Digvijaya Singh to go on hunger strike in support of farmers’ demands for compensation ; cropshad been damaged in flood

7/07/14

11:17AM 11:16AM 11:17AM 11:16AM

11:25AM

Congress MPs create ruckus in Lok Sabha; proceedings continue 11:18AM

7/07/14

11:25AM 11:28AM 11:29AM 11:28AM

Ruckus in Lok Sabha; houseadjourned till 12 noon

Here are some of the major news items aired on television channelsrecorded by our unique 24x7 dedicated media monitoring unit that

scrutinizes more than 130 TV channels in different Indian languages andlooks at who breaks the news first.


DATE NEWS CHANNEL TIME7/07/14

11:35AM 11:35AM 11:36AM

SC ruling says Shariat courts do not have constitutional backing 11:40AM 11:34AM

12:00PM

12:13PM 12:15PM12:13PM 12:13PM 12:14PM

1:55PM 1:56PM 1:57PM 1:59PM

11:48AM 11:40AM 12:20PM

1:56PM

11:56AM

7/07/14 SC refuses to stay army chief’sappointment ; says “no” to stayon Gen Shag’s appointment

7/07/14 Lathicharge on Congresss workers in Delhi protestingagainst price hike

7/07/14 Guard gets lifer in Pallavi murder case ; she was killed in a Mumbai highrise

7/07/14

2:42PM 2:43PM

7 -day strike of Maharashtradoctors ends following talkswith CM

9/07/14

10:40AM 10:46AM 10:50AM 10:55AM 10:55AM

SC issues notice to Salman inBlack Buck killing case ; wantsreply in a week

9/07/14

11:42AM 11.44AM 11:45AM 11:48AM 11:50AM

1:47PM 1:45PM

Home minister Rajnath Singhannounces Amit Shah to takeover as BJP president

9/07/14

1:35PM 1:40PM 1:48PM

Shoot-out between rival groups at Faizabad court, handgrenades used; 2 people killed,many injured

BREAKING NEWS


DATE NEWS CHANNEL TIME9/07/14

1:47PM 1:48PM 1:48PM

I T notice to Sonia in HeraldHouse case.

1:49PM 1:50 PM

8:15AM 8:15AM 8:16AM 8:16AM

3:08PM 3:05PM 3:10PM 3:18PM 3:20PM

4:02PM 4:03PM 4:05PM 4:04PM

5:41AM

8:14AM

9/07/14 Lathicharge on Congress workers protesting against pricerise in Jaipur

10/07/14 Modi Government’s first budget;finance minister to present thebudget in parliament

10/07/14 Blast on a bike in Pune’s Farskhanainjures 2; reasons not known; police says no reason to panic

10/07/14

4:05PM 4:10PM

Clash between villagers and policein Bijnor; skirmish sparked by recovery of body from the Ganga

10/07/14

5:39PM 5:40PM

Branded petrol price reduced by arupee; excise duty on premiumpetrol down from 7.5 to 2.35 `/litre

14/07/14

11:32AM 1:34PM

Ved Pratap Vaidik's meeting withHafiz Saeed sparks controversy;Congress demands action

14/07/14

12:21PM 12:14PM 12:30PM 12:26PM

Inflation dips from 6.01 percentto 5.43 percent over last month

BREAKING NEWS


DATE NEWS CHANNEL TIME 14/07/14 BSP, TMC, NCP, SP and

AIADMK supports TRAIamendment bill

14/07/14 TRAI amendment bill passed inLok Sabha

14/07/14 President issues notification onlist of governors

14/07/14 Government imposes extrafine on Reliance

14/07/14 Stay on death sentence for 2Delhi gang-rape accused

15/07/14

11:20AM 11:20AM 11:22AM 11:22AM 11:25AM

Ruckus in R S over Ved PratapVaidik’s statement and the contro-versial Vaidik-Hafiz Saeed meet

15/07/14

4:42PM 4:44PM 4:44PM 4:47PM 4:45PM

TRAI amendment bill passed in R S ; after being cleared in L S yesterday

17/07/14

10:10AM 10:22AM 10:36AM

Terror attack on Kabul Airport; allterrorists killed; Taliban takes responsibility

12:55PM 12:53PM 12:50PM

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BREAKING NEWS


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Views On News (VON) is India’s premier fortnightly magazine thatcovers the wide spectrum of modern communication loosely knownas “the media”. Its racy, news and analysis oriented story-tellingencompasses current global and Indian developments, trends, futureprojections encompassing policy and business drifts, the latest frominside the print and electronic newsrooms, the exciting developmentsin ever-expanding digital space, trending matters in the social media,advertising, entertainment and books.

EVERY FORTNIGHT VIEWS ON NEWS WILL BRING YOU TELL-ALL NEWS, ANALYSES AND OPINION FROM THE SHARPEST INVESTI-GATIVE REPORTERS AND MOST INCISIVE MINDS IN THE NATION

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Political interests are gradually taking over cableand digital distribution to manipulate news to theiradvantage and block those which criticize them.

e know of print and

TV channels being

owned by political par-

ties, politicians and fam-

ily members. What is

disturbing is that the trend has

gripped cable and digital distribution.

While ownership over a channel pro-

vides scope to air pro-party or pro-

politician news, which may have a

larger viewership, control over a dom-

inant cable firm, or MSO (multi-sys-

tem operator), allows for wider

censorship of political news.

Take the case of the Punjab-based

Fastway Group, which owns three

MSOs, Fastway Transmissions, Hath-

way Sukhamrit and Creative Cable

Network. Competition Commission

found that Fastway indulged in anti-

competitive practices and denied

market access to Day and Night news

channel. According to Day and Night,

its coverage was blocked out by the

three MSOs, owned by Gurdeep

Singh, several times.

In October 2010, when Manpreet

Tamil Nadu is an interesting caseto show how politicsconverges withcable distribution. The fight betweenDMK’s Sumangaliand AIADMK’sArasu proves it.

Politics of cable wars

Singh Badal, the state’s FM and the

nephew of the Shiromani Akali Dal’s

CM, Parkash Singh Badal, resigned

from the cabinet and party, the cover-

age was blacked out. In one instance,

the audio of a cartoon network was

patched up with the news channel. In

another case, when the audience

walked out of a youth Akali Dal rally

in December 2010, Day and Night

was abruptly switched off.

While Gurdeep Singh’s relation-

ship to the Badal family or Akali Dal

is not firmly established, it is clear

from the above instances that his

MSOs were ideologically aligned with

both. Similarly, in 2011, a documen-

tary on the involvement of the three

Reddy brothers (who were ministers

in Karnataka state regime) in illegal

mining was blanked out in the seven

districts of the state. The Reddy bro-

thers owned the cable networks in

these areas and the documentary was

aired by an English news channel,

CNN-IBN.

Tamil Nadu provides the most in-

HawkeyeAlam Srinivas


teresting case of how politics con-

verges with cable distribution. For

years, the dominant MSO in the state

was Sumangali Cable Vision (SCV),

owned by the relatives of former CM,

K Karunanidhi of the DMK. When

the party’s patriarch fell out with the

Maran family, which owns SCV, and

while he was still the CM, the state

government launched a competing

firm, Tamil Nadu Arasu Cable TV

(Arasu). A patch-up ensured that

Arasu was allowed to go defunct.

When DMK’s political competitor,

J Jayalalitha’s AIADMK came to

power in 2011, it re-launched Arasu.

However, DMK was a coalition part-

ner of the Congress-led UPA-II,

which was in power at the center.

When Arasu applied for a digital li-

cense in July 2012—since MSOs were

forced to send digitized signals as per

government regulations—the central

ministry of information and broad-

casting sat on it for months.

Several local cable operators in

Chennai took legal action to ask for a

postponement of the deadline set up

by the government for complete digi-

tization in the state capital. The poli-

tics at play was simple. Arasu’s digital

licence was on hold; if digitization

went ahead as per schedule, it would

lose out to SCV, owned by DMK

politicians. Obviously, the majority

cable subscribers would opt for SCV,

rather than wait for Arasu.

Around the same time that Arasu

battled with the central ministry for a

license in 2012, Gujarat’s CM, Naren-

dra Modi, who is now the prime min-

ister, initiated efforts to launch NaMo

TV. In a smart move, Modi decided to

opt for a ground-based channel,

which was technically not broadcast-

ing. This was essentially to wriggle

out of the need to seek a license from

the central ministry. In a twist of fate,

NaMo TV was launched a day after

Election Commission announced the

dates for state assembly elections.

Under the model of conduct, NaMo

TV shut down its operations, and was

never revived.

As Gujarat’s chief minister,Modi had launched aground-based channel toobviate the need to seekcenter’s permission.But it was soon shut down.

New media undergoes rapid growth in India, blurring the lines between various platforms.

IGITAL media is

rapidly emerging

in India as a force

we could have

never imagined

some years ago. We were so addicted

to our newspapers that the day could

not start without it.

But today our newspapers look

stale as we would have read most of

the news reports on our ipads and

phones last night. There were stories

KaleidoscopeRamesh Menon

We will have newspapers that

are tailor-made forour individual

needs. Your neighbor’s paper

would be differentas his tastes are

not the same as yours.

change our lives?will digital media

that had broken on Twitter late in the

evening. You saw what was trending

and followed. You knew what every-

one was thinking of the develop-

ments. If you broke the news, people

followed you. News sites had an icon

with the headline that helped you

tweet. Or they used tweets to lure you

to their news site.

Not just news. Amish’s Shiva Tri-

ology was promoted by Amitabh

Bachchan on Twitter. With over four

lakh followers, it was a good market-

ing idea, which helped Amish laugh

all the way to the bank. This, then, is

the power of 140 characters.

We will soon have newspapers de-

livered on personal computers that

are tailor-made for our individual

needs. Your neighbour’s paper would

be different as his tastes are not the

same as yours.

At nearly four million views, Sar-

wesh Mehra’s The Girl and the


Autorickshaw is a hit on YouTube. If

you haven’t heard of the film, go to

Humaramovie.com, a favourite with

aspiring film makers. Its panel of ex-

pert film makers—Imtiaz Ali, Anurag

Kashyap and Anurag Basu, among

others—curate what goes online.

Vinay Mishra, head of strategy and

alliances, Humaramovie, reckons that

the company, which is over a year old,

should soon break even on its invest-

ment of over `2 crore.

With nearly 230 million

Indians tuning to enjoy

music, watch a film, a

TV show or a cricket match on their

mobiles, computers, tablets or other

devices, the internet is finally deliver-

ing some serious revenues. Of the

`27,000 crore that digital media made

in 2012, more than 80 percent came

from entertainment products online.

In 2009, it was just `10,000 crore.

The excitement is that advertisers

are willing to pay more to reach the

online audience spending an average

of 7 to 8 percent of their budgets on

digital medium.

India has become the world’s third

largest internet user after China and

the US. The country has nearly 74

million internet users, a 31 percent

increase over March 2012. Its users

are significantly younger than those

of other emerging economies.

Print continues to grow in India

unlike in most countries. Though it

has become more competitive and vi-

brant over the last few years, the in-

dustry is finally acknowledging that

challenges to its business model,

though not immediate, will emerge

eventually. English markets will be

challenged by the emergence of the

digital ecosystem first, followed by

regional markets.

Says Anuj Poddar, head-strategy

and business development, Viacom

18 Media Private Limited: “New

media has finally arrived and growing

even faster than anticipated. Premium

content from broadcasters and film

studios is fuelling high streaming con-

sumption through web platforms and

smart phones and tablets.”

We will soon witness how seam-

lessly lines between various media

platforms will start fading. The way we

create and consume news will change.

So will films. Multimedia plat-

forms will grow. We will employ dif-

ferent gadgets and devices to access

data or even entertain ourselves.

Amish’s Shiva Triology was promoted by Amitabh Bachchanon Twitter. It was agood marketing idea,which helped himlaugh all the way to the bank.

35

The plethora of newswebsites promises

plenty for the people. However,

while articles may be in abundance, their

treatment across the websites

is questionable. BY R PARVATHY

he trend of breaking the news first has moved

over from television to the internet. With a

plethora of news websites offering plenty to

readers, one expects diversity in viewpoint

while digesting it. However, it seems that the

herd culture continues to dominate the online medium as well.

One would expect the cyberspace to provide the freedom to ex-

press one’s opinion at will which, sadly, the offline world denies,

Cyber sensibility on

NEWS

Web crawlertrending now

VIEWS ON NEWS August 22 , 201436

There is room for plenty of news in the cyberspace. Besides official websites of theprint and electronic media, there is a surgein user-generated news sites as well.

( and is bound to in a bid to reflect ob-

jectivity) yet news websites function

otherwise. That the media sometimes

behaves as an agent of the state is not

news to the public. But the Fourth Es-

tate appears as a standard bearer for the

powerful people of the country. When

the media came down heavily on a free-

lance journalist, Ved Prakash Vaidik for

interviewing wanted terrorist Hafiz

Saeed in Pakistan these gaping loop-

holes in the institution were exposed

yet again.

Congress, now in the opposition

after facing a crushing defeat from BJP,

jumped at the opportunity and started

questioning the motive of the “inter-

view’”. News websites followed suit.

Instead of providing alternative view-

points or fresh perspectives, they dili-

gently followed the blame-game which

the two national political parties were

playing. Pictures of Vaidik and Saeed,

and Vaidik and Ramdev started circu-

lating on all websites. The Times of

India published articles which pointed

out that the meeting was sanctioned by

the ruling government. The video and

screenshots of Times Now’s Big Story

which questioned Vaidik’s visit to Pak-

istan started making its way into cyber-

space as well. Websites were quick to

lap up the information and declare

Vaidik’s actions as “suspicious”, “anti-

national” and “unpunishable”.

However, the utility of the cyber-

space was truly demonstrated when

news of 46 nurses from Kerala who

were stranded in trouble-land Iraq

reached the home country. Websites

wasted no time in covering the minute

by minute coverage of their where-

abouts and the much publicized release

of the women. India Today published

a special report which traced the

whole event from the beginning till

the time the nurses returned back

to India. News also focused on their

available mobile connectivity and

efforts to contact the Indian Embassy.

The Times of India did a story on how

India had secret talks with Saddam

Hussain’s Baa'th Party concerning

their release. There were numerous

stories on first-hand accounts of

the nurses directly from the disputed

land. However, once they were back,

be it The Asian Age, Hindustan Times

or livemint.com, all celebrated

their homecoming.

Websites started trending once

again when Madras High Court’s

Judge, Justice D Hariparanthaman

was denied entry into the famous

Tamil Nadu Cricket Association

(TNCA) club for sporting a dhoti.

Stories ran amok as the state’s CM

stepped up to address the issue.

India.com and Hindustan Times

splashed J Jayalalithaa’s utterance,

“insult to Tamil culture” as their news

headline. Business Standard, The

Statesman, Indian Express and

news.oneindia.in went beyond the

Chennai incident and interrogated

the practice of Indian club’s dress

codes and their viability in today’s

time. However, it was India’s em-

phatic win over England after 28

years at Lord’s that saw the maximum

surge in cyberspace activity. It looked

as if nothing else dominated the news

world. NDTV Sports broke the story,

following which other websites took

up from there.

Ishant Sharma’s spell-bound bowl-

ing made him the poster boy

overnight, followed by hefty contribu-

tions from fellow team-mates Ajinkya

Rahane, Ravindra Jadeja, Murli Vijay

and Bhuvaneshwar Kumar. Social

media websites like Facebook and

Twitter were heavily trending on the

Test win. In fact, the response on

Twitter was so overwhelming that

IBNlive.in.com published a story ex-

clusively on the tweets following

the match. VVS Laxman, Sanjay

Manjrekar, Harsha Bhogle and others

congratulated the home team on

its win.

The cyberspace today is evolving

beyond individual needs to cater to

the society as well. While the offline

mode of news presentation may have

its limitations in terms of production

and deadlines, the webspace does not

hold any such space-time barrier.

Yet there seems to be a deficiency

in terms of content presentation. It

seems news websites do not make

creative use of the medium and,

plainly rely on replicating information

from the offline to the online mode

and vice-versa. In the end, there is an

abundance of information but scarcity

in diverse representation.


TThe power of Modi's well-planned and clinically devised marketing campaign had the media eating out of its hands. RAMESH MENON gives a blow-by-blow account of how the strategy played out.

he power of Modi’s marketing was not restricted to

the aspirational, modern, urban elite but stretched

far and wide. During the All India Congress Com-

mittee session in New Delhi on 17 January, party

leader Mani Shankar Aiyar derogatorily commented

that Modi could never become India’s prime minis-

ter but the party could make place for a tea stall for

him at the meeting venue, taking a dig at Modi’s

humble origins. In response, the BJP decided to hold

informal meetings at tea shops and call them “Chai

Pe Charcha”. It focused on politically crucial states

OVER ASELLING

TEACUP

PRmodi’s media blitz


MAN OF IDEASModi releasing the BJP manifesto alongwith senior leaders of the party

such as Uttar Pradesh and Bihar to highlight

their backward-class PM candidate who once

sold tea with his father. As results showed, the

backward classes were emotionally drawn to

Modi. The “Chai Pe Charcha” events in 4,000

locations were estimated to have reached 50 lakh

people, who drank tea from paper cups that had

Modi’s photo on them, listening to political

discussions that showcased the BJP as an alter-

native. The party’s research team found that

there were about 19,000 villages in Uttar Pradesh

and 11,000 in Bihar with a population of 2,000

or more and they had absolutely no media pen-

etration of any kind, not even radio sets. These

remote villages were not being targeted by any

political party. For the first time since Independ-

ence, the BJP reached out to them with 650 GPS-

enabled video vans that would showcase Modi

and his work in Gujarat and what the BJP

wanted to do if it came to power. Such video

vans made 1,38,900 trips into the interiors of

Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

The research team also found that in

many places, when asked if they would

vote for the BJP, people’s answer was

“No”. But when the same people were asked if

they would vote for Modi if he were the candi-

date, the answer was invariably “Yes”. So they

tweaked the campaign to make voters feel they

were voting for Modi if they voted for the BJP. A

new slogan was coined: “Kamal ka button dabao,

Modi ko pradhan mantri banao (A vote for the

lotus [the BJP’s election symbol] is a vote to

make Modi the prime minister)”. The basic

theme of the campaign was that every BJP cand

date was fighting the election to ensure a Modi

victory. The leader himself often asked people

for votes in his name and not that of the local

candidate he shared the dais with.

The BJP also reached out to far-flung areas

using Doordarshan, All India Radio and re-

gional media in dialects like Mythili and Bhojpuri,

something the ruling Congress could have easily

done but did not. It also heavily advertised in

Urdu newspapers in an effort to reach out to Mus-

lims, who were apprehensive of the rise of the BJP.

It conducted customized campaigns in areas dom-

inated by Muslims, asking them to get over their

fear psychosis and elect a government that could

give the community jobs, development and a bet-

ter quality of life. In Kashmir, its slogan “Jannat

yahan par vikas kahan? (Paradise is here but

where is developm ent?)” made an impact as BJP

leaders kept asking why such a beautiful state had

made no headway...

At every political gathering, no matter which

corner of the country it was in, Modi customized

his speech to make it relevant. He sized up the au-

dience and spoke extempore, getting immediate

attention as he talked of local issues. In Chennai,

Tamil Nadu, he spoke of the need for Sri Lankan

Tamils to be given rights, safety and respect. In

Arrah, Bihar, he said that the absence of electricity

was not news but the presence of it was. In

Mysore, Karnataka, he said he could make the city

a tourist’s paradise like Gujarat. In Barmer, Ra-

jasthan, he said he wanted to create a separate

body to look after desert regions. In Dehradun,

Tactfully, theBJP gave out themessage to thevoters that everyvote they cast forthe party wouldgo directly toModi, as if hewas contestingfrom all the seats directly.


Uttarakhand, he asked why

men from Garhwal and Ku-

maon regions should only be

soldiers as good schools and

universities could make offi-

cers out of them. In Varanasi,

Uttar Pradesh, he said the

Ganga needed to be cleaned as

the river had turned toxic in

many places. Everywhere, he

was lustily cheered by crowds

as he managed to strike a chord. As he criss-

crossed India, Modi rejuvenated the party that

had got demoralized over the ten years it had

spent out of power. He in-stilled a sense of

direction into leaders and workers as he sold

the dream of a better future. His energy and

aggressive-ness made him look like a decisive

leader in a hurry, catching the imagination of an

impatient electorate.

“It is amazing how

much energy he has,” says

Ajay Singh, who was part

of the BJP war room,

adding that Modi slept for

hardly four hours a day.

“We worked 24x7 since

January, often going to bed

in the early hours of the

morning, but it was such

fun,” says Ajay Jasra, a cor-

porate communication

specialist in the BJP war

room. Modi was turned

into a brand and deliber-

ately advertised as one. The

multiple campaigns sur-

rounding him were high-

decibel, relentless and

expensive and outshone

the Congress’s, which

seemed tired in compari-

son. Ajay Maken, who was

in charge of the Congress

campaign, admitted to the

media that the BJP had out-

done his party, while Jairam

Ramesh, a former minister,

said that the BJP had spent

`5,000 crore on showcasing

Modi... Ajay Singh points out,

“Tactically, we kept money

aside for the last two weeks to

create a shock-and-awe cam-

paign as we saw that the Congress had given up.

We unleashed a campaign in Modi’s voice, which

said, ‘Aapka diya gaya vote seedhe mujhe milega

(Every vote you cast will directly come to me),’ to

create a feeling that Modi was contesting all the

BJP seats...”

Amedia hungry for TRPs and eyeballs

latched onto the Modi campaign, fur-

ther advancing his cause. The Hindu’s

rural affairs editor P Sainath observed: “That

building of a cult around Narendra Modi was a

propaganda triumph. But it worked because we

are India’s most media-saturated electorate ever...

Never before have the media participated in an In-

dian election to the extent and in the manner they

did this time. For weeks, any speech by Modi in

any distant district ran live on several channels.”

He added that some major corporate houses

with big media holdings formed “cells” to help ad-

vance the Modi campaign. A study by the CMS

Media Lab, part of the Centre for Media Studies,

New Delhi, found that he hogged over a third of

prime time news telecast on five major channels.

And that was between 1 March and 30 April.

From 1 to 11 May, Modi’s time crossed the 50 per-

cent mark—over six times what Rahul Gandhi got

and ten times the share of Kejriwal. Moreover,

quite a bit of Kejriwal’s coverage was negative,

which was not the case with Modi.

With a strong momentum in his favour, Modi

gave his campaign a final push in the last lap of

Targeting 19,000 villages in UP and11,000 in Bihar, theBJP reached out tothem with 650 GPS-enabled videovans, which made1,38,900 trips.

PRmodi’s media blitz

STRIKING A CHORD(Below) The ability of Modi to tailorhis speeches, which addressed local

concerns, endeared him to the electorate across India

(Facing page top) The Modi masksbecame a popular sight during

election time


the election by taking the fight to the enemy camp

and holding a rally in Amethi, the constituency of

his principal opponent Rahul Gandhi, in support

of BJP candidate Smriti Irani. “This is my younger

sister Smriti Irani. I chose her for Amethi, but not

to create fresh problems for the mother and son

(Sonia Gandhi and Rahul),” he said on his rival’s

turf. He went on to describe Amethi as one of

India’s most backward districts because of “forty

wasted years” and “three wasted generations”. The

rally Gandhi held in Modi’s constituency of

Varanasi just days later seemed like an inadequate

response and only reinforced the impression that

the Congress vice-president had been on the de-

fensive throughout the election. His sister

Priyanka entered the fray to bat for him but it was

too late in the day, and her invocation of her mar-

tyred father betrayed the feeling that the Congress

was running out of options...

As the bitterly fought election drew to a close,

Modi was all over. Commenting on the unprece-

dented scale of Modi’s outreach, Kunal Pradhan

and Uday Mahurkar of India Today wrote in an

article titled Maximum Campaign: “Wherever you

are in India, whatever your politics, and

whomever you did or didn’t vote for, the spectre

of Modi hangs over the 2014 Lok Sabha elections.

So relentless has been his campaign, so dramatic

his delivery, and so ubiquitous his

development message, that he has

converted a complex parliamen-

tary system into a presidential-

style referendum on himself. Over

the last nine months, Modi has

travelled 3,00,000 km, or seven

times the Earth’s equatorial cir-

cumference. He has attended 5,187

events, addressed 477 rallies in

twenty-five states while sleeping

barely five hours a night, and har-

nessed the Internet and mobile te-

lephony to connect with an

estimated 230 million people, or

one in every four voters. That’s more people than

the population of Brazil and three times the com-

bined annual traffic of the Delhi and Mumbai air-

ports.” Long before the results of the election were

out, the outcome was a foregone conclusion.

But when the results were finally out, the

outcome surpassed everyone’s expecta-

tions. On the morning of 16 May 2014, all

doubts about a hung parliament were laid to rest

as the BJP seemed set to win a clear majority. In

the event, the party bagged 282 seats in the 543-

member Lok Sabha, ten more than needed to

form a government on its own. It was the first

time since 1984 that a single party had managed

to win a simple majority... The Congress was re-

duced to its worst ever tally of forty-four. No party

secured the minimum of fifty-five seats needed

for its leader to be officially recognized as the

leader of the Opposition. Modi himself hand-

somely won both the seats he contested—Vado-

dara by a margin of 5,70,128 votes and Varanasi

by 3,36,854 votes. In Amethi, Gandhi managed to

win, but only by 1,07,903 votes, down from a mar-

gin of 3.70 lakh in 2009...

—Excerpted from Ramesh Menon’s new

book Modi Demystified: The Making

of a Prime Minister

MODI DEMYSTIFIEDThe Making of a Prime Minister

By Ramesh MenonHarperCollins Publishers India

PAGES: 263PRICE: `499


GREATGOOD Journos like Ramesh Menon, Alam

Srinivas,Sanjaya Baru, Manoj Mitta,Paranjoy Guha Thakurta and HariJaising h offer a bountiful crop.BY INDERJIT BADHWAR

NDIAN publishers have reaped a rich harvest of

books this year. But a few are noteworthy as they

have been penned by seasoned, thoughtful jour-

nalists who have witnessed the Indian scenario at

close quarters.

Topping the list is a runaway bestseller, Sanjaya

Baru’s The Accidental Prime Minister (Viking), in

which the former prime minister Manmohan

Singh’s erstwhile media adviser does a tell-all on

how Singh was a political prisoner of the Congress

president Sonia Gandhi and her coterie. Baru’s

book was trashed as “baseless and mischievous” by

Bookshari jaisingh

the former prime minister’s office, and he was

condemned as a political turncoat by none other

than communist worthy Prakash Karat, who had

used every ugly epithet in his lexicon to debase

Singh during the Indo-US nuclear deal.

Another book that has brought to the fore the

fixing of natural gas prices is Paranjoy Guha

Thakurta’s Gas Wars: Crony Capitalism and the

Ambanis (self-published). Monopolistic gas pric-

ing was a headline-making electoral issue after

Aam Aadmi Party’s Delhi government lodged a

criminal complaint against industrialist Mukesh

Ambani. In a later development, Reliance Indus-

tries Ltd and its chairman, Mukesh Ambani, is-

sued a legal notice to the author and the

distributors of the book.

Other journos on the book trail include our

magazine’s own Managing Editor Ramesh Menon,

and Executive Editor Alam Srinivas. Menon’s

magnum opus, De-mystifying Modi (Harper

Collins), is a hardboiled, critical and balanced

analysis of the forces and controversies that have

shaped the human being and politician Narendra

Modi. Alam’s Cricket Czars (Har-Anand Publi-

cations) is about the controversies surrounding

the gentleman’s game, IPL, and the people who

control it.

READS

INSIGHTS


An all-encompassing new book that histori-

ans, students, and anybody interested in under-

standing a dynamically changing India in the

context of the 16th general elections would like to

read is Hari Jaisingh’s Pitfalls of Indian Democracy:

Bapu to Anna (S Chand & Company). The title

sounds academic and a trifle stodgy. But the con-

tent is lively and sparkling.

Jaisingh is a polished journalist. He has been

the editor of The Tribune, occupied senior posi-

tions in The Indian Express, National Herald and

Business & Political Observer, and contributed to

the Morning Telegraph and The Guardian, Lon-

don. That experience is on ample display in the

book, which charts the bumps and grinds, the

highs and lows, the fear and loathing of the Indian

political system, and institutions from the advent

of Mahatma Gandhi to the Anna Hazare anti-cor-

ruption protest movement.

But this is no history text book a la Romila

Thapar or Jadunath Sircar or Ishwari

Prasad. It is journalistic story-telling at its

best, based on more than 40 years of reporting on

the frontlines, with anecdotes, conclusions, les-

sons learned, and a vision for the future. Jaisingh

minces no words: “The basic ills which have un-

dermined the vitality of our nation are communal

violence, caste wars, corruption, criminalization

of politics, command economy, terrorism and

Maoism…the failure of political parties and

politicians to keep pace with changing times…

.What has added to the people’s woes is the ab-

sence of transparency and accountability… .”

This is a harsh judgment. But Jaisingh takes us

step by step to discover how India landed in this

mess. This dark perception, however, has several

silver linings that are a beacon to India’s potential

and the strength of self-correcting mechanisms

that keep alive the liberal, all-inclusive spirit of

the constitution.

During the darkest days of Indira Gandhi’s

Emergency in 1975-1976, “the country’s High

Courts rose to the occasion and proved true and

courageous champions of citizens’ democratic

rights. Ironically it was the Supreme Court that

seemed to be hamstrung by the Emergency and

sided with a retrograde regime… .”

One of the judgments he refers to is the

Emergency censor’s attempt to shut

down the Baroda periodical Bhumipu-

tra for reporting on a civil liberties conference.

Even though habeas corpus and Article 19 guar-

anteeing freedom of speech had been suspended

by the Emergency and backed by the Supreme

Court, Justices JB Mehta and SH Sheth of the Gu-

jarat High Court ruled: “There cannot be a more

draconian assault on the people in a democracy

than the guidelines issued by the Chief Censor...

The Chief Censor has been more loyal to the king

than the king himself and has outwitted the peo-

ple in their attempt to maintain even the most

basic form of democracy in this country.”

Commenting on today’s judiciary, Jaisingh

laments: “It works slowly and thrives on delays,

inefficiency, antiquated laws, outdated rules,

vested interests and corrupt practices… .” Yet,

broadly, he says, the country’s legal system is ma-

ture and relatively independent, and offers a set of

practical recommendations for reform.

And although Jaisingh is often hypercritical of

Anna Hazare on several points, he remains

adamant that Hazare symbolized and highlighted

the churning for change in Indian society—the

desire, propelled by India’s younger generation, to

work for a corruption-free transparent system for

the larger good of the people.

No such review would be complete without

mention of another, highly explosive book—The

Fiction of Fact-finding: Modi and Godhra (Harper

Collins)—by one of my favorite reporters, Manoj

Mitta, now with The Times of India. It is evident

that Mitta’s has not lost his intrepid espousal of

tell-it-like-it-is journalism, his USP when he re-

ported for India Today.

Hari Jaisingh’sbook tracks thebumps andgrinds, thehighs and lowsof India's political system,and institutionsfrom Gandhi’stime to Hazare's crusade againstcorruption.

PAGES: 430PRICE: `600

Pitfalls of IndianDemocracy: Bapu to Anna By Hari Jaisingh; Publisher: S Chand & Company


In Retrospect

HOME WITHOUT

Photography

Thousands of homeless live and eke out a life on the streets of Delhi.


A DOOR

recent survey conducted

by United Nations Develop-

ment Program (UNDP) sta-

tes that Delhi has nearly

56,000 homeless people. The homeless in

the capital are defined as those who live in

the city without a roof over their heads.

Despite the fact that Delhi has perma-

nent shelters to solve this problem, most of

them are either overcrowded or have

abysmal living conditions. As a result, most

of them spend their day around flyovers

or on footpaths and other public spaces like

railway stations and temples.

Constant migration to Delhi is one of

the factors that puts a huge strain on the

city’s limited housing. A large number

of migrants (mostly from rural areas) seek-

ing job opportunities restrict themselves

to living on the streets to save on house

rents. Women on the other hand, are

rendered homeless for a multitude of

reasons. These include dis-placement

from rural areas due to land grabbing

and acquisition, domestic violence and

A photo-essay BY SHADAB NAZMI

employment opportunities.

The living condition of such families

is desperate. Drug abuse is common among

the street children. They sniff paint

thinners, markers and strong adhesive

solutions to get a high, exposing them

to severe health hazards. Most of the men

are alcoholics and domestic violence is

common-place among the capital’s

street-dwellers.

In areas like Sarai Kaale Khan and

Kalkaji, homeless families are largely

from West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya

Pradesh and Odisha. Men are rickshaw

pullers and construction workers,

whereas women go to near-by markets and

work as maids in local restaurants.

According to the residents under the

Sarai Kaale Khan flyover, they are continu-

ously harassed by local policemen and

at times, their tents are bulldozed.

The increase in the multitude is telling

heavily on the city’s infrastructure.

Photography


SHADAB NAZMIHe is completing his Masters in ConvergentJournalism from MCRC. Jamia Millia Islamia.

In your faceLOOK

The new-look cover of Time. For achange, the magazine departs from itspractice of featuring people and goes fortypography. Simple and powerful!

Talented photography, combined with agood sense of placement, makes the readerwonder how the photographer would haveachieved this task. But it’s also to theartist’s credit how these hands became soentangled. What’s disturbing though issameness of skin texture. Whatever happened to diversity?

DESIGNS THAT MADE IMAGINATIVE USES OF PHOTOGRAPHS, FONTS, COLOR AND WHITE SPACES TO LEAVE AN IMPRESSION. By ANTHONY LAWRENCE

Design


Well-balanced page, with lots of space, great photographs, nice fontsand a clean overall impression. Makes one wonder what made the designer depart from the clutter associated with football coverage,which gives a sense of action, and opt for this rather quiet treatment.

Impressive painting done in traditional styleand an attractive background color make foran impactful cover. The light texture in the background doesn’t overpower, but enhances the effect.

This website of leading Pakistani newspaper, The Dawn, makes astatement of grandness through its simplicity. It impresses with itsclean layout. The use of blue and grey colors adds to its sophistry.No pop-ups, no distractions. Which is why the website appeals tothe people who care for news.

One look at the poster is enough to convey theforce of the movie. It’s an interplay of photography and digital art work,with the focusbeing on expressions and action.


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Noted filmmaker in a free-wheeling conversation with Meha Mathur and Arpita Arya.

He’s a filmmaker whose range of

genres is remarkably vast. From

movies that touched a raw nerve

with their sensitive portrayal of

women’s issues, like Damini and Lajja, to histori-

cal biopics like The Legend of Bhagat Singh, to ac-

tion thriller Ghayal, to comedy par excellence

Andaz Apna Apna, and romance movie Ajab Prem

ki Ghazab Kahani, he has done it all. The

director who started his career under Govind

Nihalani, assisting in films like Ardha Satya,

Rajkumar Santoshi has made the Indian

cinema rich with his in-depth and honest

handling of subjects. In an interview to

Views On News, he talks about his

films and issues dear to him.

You have done a number of

women-centric movies like

Damini and Lajja. Given the

number of incidents of rape

that we are witnessing

today, do you think the

film industry is taking up

the issue earnestly?

The issue of women’s safety

was relevant then, as it is

today. But earlier it would not

come out in the open. People

would keep these issues under

carpet. Post Damini people started

raising voice. I am happy that peo-

“People started talking ofrape after Damini”

Talking toRajkumar S antoshi

ple are talking about it today. But I have a com-

plaint that even women don’t sympathize with

women. And I also feel that Indian men have

double standards. Why should only women come

out on streets in protest? Why not men? I feel

that till men do not come forward this situation

will continue.

In Lajja I raised the issue that the first victim

was Sita. What would have happened if Sita had

not agreed to agni pariksha? Her agreeing to it

meant that till date women have to go for it. As

to your question, I don’t think so. Sadly in many

films women are used as props, as objects of sex

and for entertainment.

This is as much a matter of debate that women’

portrayal in films is influencing the society. Do you

like agree?

Of course they are. How rampantly films show

people cohabiting before marriage, as if this

is natural. So the youth think this is right. In the

sixties, directors faced a tough time to create sit-

uations to show this—rains, darkness etc, today

there is no need to create such a situation. But

then, “jaisa samaj waisi films”. Whom do

we blame?

Are you satisfied with media’s coverage of films?

Does it highlight the right issues?

I am satisfied to some extent. It has brought to

light many things. But constructive journalism is

limited. There’s the obvious trend of looking at


FREEZE FRAMES(Above) While Andaz Apna Apna(1994) was a rib-tickling comedy, Damini (1993) was a hard-hitting issue-based film.

controversies among young journalists. There’s

also the editor’s pressure to create news, by

highlighting controversial statements.

Earlier the criteria for a successful movie was

either silver jubilee or golden jubilee, which has

been replaced by the 100–crore club. When you

make a movie what gives you more satisfaction?

I have made many films, each distinct from other,

especially issue-based movies. Cinema is a

platform for me to bring forth an issue. At least

the message reaches out. I want that the people

who put in their money get it back. The audience

should be happy. Hundred crore will be good

news but I don’t make films from that view.

What are your forthcoming projects?

I have brought rights for Jis Lahore Nai Dekhya,

O Janmyai Nai by Asghar Wajahat. It’s based on

the India-Pakistan partition, and talks about har-

mony, peace and how the Muslim community is

misunderstood. The issue is very pertinent to our

times. There’s so much of misunderstanding be-

tween Hindus and Muslims. If a few people can

have a change of heart after watching my movie,

it will be a success.

People across the border realize the need for con-

tact and harmony. But till governments come

round to this point of view, how will such efforts

succeed?

As novelists, poets, filmmakers, we will continue

with our efforts. Of course for their own interests

they can do anything. But fire should always be

fearful of water. We have the power to bring forth

the right thing to people.

Do you feel scared that the movie may not do well?

Yes, there is a certain risk involved in making

such offbeat films in the era of commercialization

but one has to take that risk to be successful.I

have never made my films keeping the trade in

mind. Jo dar gaya so mar gaya.

The talk of sequel to Andaz Apna Apna is in air.

Will Salman and Aamir come together?

Both are good friends and when we meet we do

talk about it. They both are excited to be part of

the project. But we will have to create a structure

and complete the script before finalizing the

cast. I need to see if it is economically viable to

cast both these stars since they are hugely pop-

ular and at the top of their game.

If either of the two disagree, will you go ahead

with one of them?

It will be either both or none. The viewers

should like it, if not more, than at least as much

as the original. I want to work with Shah Rukh

Khan now.

What is the difference between actors then

and now?

Youngsters today are quite disciplined. There is

a sense of responsibility because the cost of

production has gone up plus there is cut-throat

competition out there. If you are lax someone

else will take your work. Star kids have their

own struggle as they need to prove their worth;

and those from non-filmy background need to

impress big directors with talent.

It has been a long journey for you. What changes

have you witnessed?

Change is the rule. And I have always been part

of the industry, and never left to join back, so I

can’t feel it. I have grown with change, worked

with all of them— from Amitabh to Katrina and

Ileana D’Cruz. So I am part of change.

What are your expectations from the new

Modi government?

Cost of production is very high now, so I request

the new government to give relaxation in terms

of taxes. Also, I would like an ease in receiving

shooting permission.We are hopeful of the

government’s support.

For me, truechange will bethe day mencome out on thestreets to support womenin their causes.


Entertainmentmovies

Here is a lovestory that tells us

more than the poetry of love.

BY RAMESH MENON

realism of it all. Augustus, played by Ansel Elgort,

has the courage to joke about his prosthetic leg.

No self pity.

Soon, Hazel and Augustus find their lives

getting closer, as it matures into love. Ironically

both are living on the edge. But their quest to live

a full life, admire the little things of life, soak in

moments of joy are so real. Acerbic wit comes as

comic relief after tear jerking episodes that brings

out the pathos and helplessness of the cancer pa-

tients and their loved ones. At one point when

she is battling with death, Hazel’s mother tells her

to let go as she is unable to witness the pain of the

child.

Both Hazel and Augustus know that cancer

was written in the stars but they also know that it

is up to them to make the best of the time left.

They decide that till oblivion they will be

together. Hazel says: “My love, I cannot tell you

how thankful I am for our little infinity. I

wouldn’t trade it for the world. You gave me a

forever with the numbered days, and I’m gratful.”

It is a film that will stay in your mind long

after you have watched it. You realize that there

is life beyond cancer. And love.

Cancer kills more people much

before they die. But here, in

The Fault in Our Stars, we see

two teenagers tell us that there

is more to life even with death

lurking in the shadows. Based on a bestseller by

John Green, the American blockbuster unravels

how 16-year-old Hazel Grace Lancaster, played

by Shailene Woodley, waits for death. She is suf-

fering from fatal thyroid cancer that has spread

to her lungs. She has to be strapped to a portable

oxygen tank all the time to help her breathe

adequately. Her parents gently persuade her to

join a cancer support group to make friends, but

Hazel is hesitant. She does not want to open her

wounds to the world. Not yet.

As fate would have it, the cancer support

group meeting opens a new world for her. Hazel

meets charming 17-year-old Augustus Waters,

who suffers from osteosarcoma that leads to

amputation of one leg. But he is happy as ever

with an artificial leg and the fact that he is still

alive. Then there is Issac, played by Nat Wolff,

who has lost one eye to cancer and the other one

is to be removed soon. But he laughs at the tragic

Heart Tugging Drama

THE FAULT IN OUR STARSDIRECTION: Josh BooneSCRIPT: Scott Neustadter andMichael WeberACTORS: Shailene Woodley,Ansel Elgort, Nat Wolff

RATING **** OUT OF ****


Soap queen Ekta gives another mega hit that has got the viewers hooked on the larger-than-life romantic tale. BY INDERJIT BADHWAR

the Balaji Telefilms impresario who

created the telethon Kyunki Saas Bhi

Kabhi Bahu Thi.

Usually, TRP and TAM ratings

mean little to me as a viewer. Shows

I find repulsive or with abysmal

production values seem to have the

highest ratings – which proves how

far removed my tastes are from

public opinion. But this time around

I am in sync with the junta. Jodha

Akbar ‘s ratings and my opinion

of the serial on Zee TV match: It’s

a topper. Why? Because it works

on several levels and achieves

dramaturgical credence and perfec-

tion even when dealing with the

most outrageous mythological and

interpersonal fantasies—false preg-

nancies, a snake woman seductress

who feeds on venom, a man-beast

sent to kill the shah-in-shah.

Akbar the Sunni emperor, played

brilliantly by the macho, Greek

god-ish Rajat Tokas, and Jodha his

Rajput princess played by Paridhi

Sharma, a demure Meena Kumari

look-alike are a mixture of fact and

fiction, fantasy and reality, but the

plots and sub-plots glide seam-lessly

through this superbly entertaining

Iam hooked again. The last

time this happened to me

was when Dallas and The

Bold and the Beautiful

ruled the airwaves. And

then there was Buniyaad and the

memorable Dhoop Kinare from

Paskistan when Benazir Bhutto was

the PM and glasnost on Pakistan TV

was the talk of the town. This time it’s

Jodha Akbar. Not the big screen one

but the five-days-a-week half-hour

televised serial made by Ekta Kapoor,

admixture in which lurks an omi-

nous, omniscient, undercurrent of

tension and danger.

This is what gives the serial its

edge-of-your seat mystery appeal.

Ultimately it’s a real game of chess in

which the purpose is to kill or destroy

the King—shah mat (origin of the

term “checkmate”). Part of this is true

to history because during the Mughal

sultanate it was fair game for kith and

kin to succeed to the throne by bump-

ing off the incumbent or aspirant. So,

Akbar is the target. The serial’s

scenario is that of a chessboard–the

King, Rooks, Knights, Bishops,

Queen, and Pawns. The story goes

from episode to episode with pawns

and players changing positions

amidst delicious palace intrigues,

traps, wars, harem politics, in which

Jodha, remains the chief protector

of her beloved shah-in-shah.

The falling-in-love of Akbar

and Jodha after their marriage,

the delicate and super-sensitive

handling of potentially controversial

Hindu-Muslim concerns, feminist

principles, and honor-related issues

are the pioneering scripting and

directorial triumphs.

Small screenjodha akbar

HATS OFF! EKTA

U O T E SQRajdeep Sardesai Depressing to hear of violence in Saharanpur. Both areas of westernUP which have seen violence in recent weeks have a bypoll pending.

Barkha Dutt"I dont think this happens in anyother country" : a deeply hurt@MirzaSania breaks down in an interview with me "I am a proud Indian".

Madhavan NarayananLots of rehash journalism going on.Some so-called "news blogs" justcut and paste or rejig. This is executive briefing, not journalism.

Vir Sanghvi It has been 9 years since those terrible mumbai floods when somany of us stared death in the face.Could it happen again? I wonder.

Rahul KanwalShaken by criticism after Bangaloreschool horror, CM says 10 specialcourts will be set up to fast trackcases against women & children.

Prabhu Chawla JustThink: "It's easy to stand withthe crowd. It takes courage to standalone." #JustThink

Vikram ChandraAnother gold silver combo for India!This time in men's 77 kg weightlifting. #CWG2014

“While goodbye notes can be heartwarming or heartbreaking, this is onesuch occasion when it is both.It is time for me to say goodbyes at the Express—forthe second time. The first wasexactly at the same time ofthe year in 1983 when most ofyou were not born yet.”—Shekhar Gupta, Editor-in-Chief IndianExpress, in his farewell email to the staff

“I am not adiehard Modi

supporter yet. Noram I a fan. What Iam presently doing

is watching theprime ministershipof Narendra Modi

like a hawk”—Vinod Mehta, Editorial

Chairman, Outlook

“If I had closedmy eyes and listened tothe budget speech of Fi-

nance Minister Arun Jaitley,it could have passed off as anybudget speech of the previousUPA government, and maybe

governments before that—except for the voice.”—Aroon Purie, Editor-in-Chief,

India Today


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views on news: issue: august 22, 2014

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