viewing the galaxy through hi-gal michele pestalozzi on behalf of the hi-gal team
TRANSCRIPT
Viewing the Galaxy through Hi-GAL
Michele PestalozziOn behalf of the Hi-GAL team
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
From the original Hi-GAL proposalThe Herschel infrared Galactic Plane Survey (Hi-GAL)
embodies the optimum combination of Herschel wavelength coverage, sensitivity, mapping strategy and speed to deliver, in a single and homogeneous dataset of the highest statistical significance, the ultimate census and characterisation (T, L, M and SED) of star forming regions and cold ISM structures in all the environments of the Galactic ecosystem, at unprecedented resolutions, and at all scales from massive objects in protoclusters to the full spiral arm.
Not to forget: legacy value
Hi-GAL features• Photometry survey of the Galactic Plane• 5 bands: 70, 160, 250, 350, 500 mm, i.e. PACS
and SPIRE parallel mode• +70o < l < -70o , -1o < b < +1o • 2ox2o tiles, 2 orthogonal directions, 60”/s• 343 hours of Herschel time• Today: completed to 95%, Hi-GAL2 on its way• No propriety period
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
PACSSPIRE
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
SCUBA2+LaBoCa+Bolocam
IGPS/GRS: Molecular ISM, VLSR Dkin
IPGS/HI+NVSS+SUMSS: atomic ISM, free-free, SNRs
CORNISH: free-free
Wav
elen
gth
(m
)
Hi-GAL
MIPSGAL I+II
2MASS/UKIDSS/VISTA
VPHAS/IPHAS (r,i + Ha): ionised ISM
GLIMPSE I+II
MSX
Galactic Longitude
WISEGLIMPSE360
Akari
Hi-GAL in context
Hi-GAL2
Hi-GAL2
2pHi-GAL
2pHi-GAL
HOPS
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
Hi-GAL gallery: 70mm
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
https://hi-gal.ifsi-roma.inaf.it/wiki/steering_group/data/data
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
Hi-GAL status today
• 54 of 70 tiles observed and reduced in all 5 bands– Fourth quadrant completed
• 5 of 48 Hi-GAL2 tiles observed and reduced• 2p-Hi-GAL proposal submitted
2p Hi-GAL submitted for OT2
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. PestalozziA&A Special Issue
Hi-GAL timeline2009 2010 2011
May 14th
Herschel launch
October(First) Hi-GAL obs(SDP fields)
JanuaryFirst regime obs(323, 312, 303, 305)
Massive reprocessingMassive extractionWiki population
PGLS
2012
Summer 2012Hi-GAL completionHi-GAL2 completion2p-Hi-GAL
First Hi-GAL2 obs
~10 Hi-GAL related papers,+5 in the A&A Special Issue) !!Basically on SDP data only !!
OT1: Hi-GAL2 OT2: 2p-Hi-GAL
Still open projects: 48
MW2011Herschel’s 858th day in orbit
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
Hi-GAL products
• Hi-GAL provides basically two products:
– High quality images– Large (homogeneous) catalogues,
of compact sources and filaments
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
• Instrumental calibration in HIPE• Export TOD and continue in IDL/Matlab• Mapmaking in Fortran (GLS)• Map enhancement in IDL/Matlab• All clearly explained in Traficante et al. 2010
Data reduction: map productionRPE correction will improve map quality
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
Compact source detection and extraction
• CUTEX, Molinari et al. 2010• Detection
– Based on image 2nd derivative in 4 directions• Extraction:
– 2D-Multiple Gaussian Fitting on a background• See Schisano’s talk
CUTEX example
M. Pestalozzi, Hi-GAL / OSO, 16 Novmeber 2010
1’x1’
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
Huge output…
428.000 sources in the bandmerged catalogue!428.000 sources in the bandmerged catalogue!The catalogue contains:peak and integrated fluxes, sizes at the different wavelengths, an estimate of T, L, M and b for an arbitrary distance of 1 kpc,for almost all sources… preliminar is a key word ;)
Distances
• Large observational campaign to obtain VLSR of compact objects – APEX for CO and OSO+Medicina+Effelsberg for NH3
• Exploitation of existing CO data cubes– GRS (first quadrant) and NANTEN (fourth quadrant)
• To date: some 30.000 kinematic distances available, most of them unambiguous!
Russeil et al., 2010MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
Distance databaseGRS in I quad (36-47)
NANTEN in IV quad (350-296)
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
Galactocentric distributions
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
“Immediate” galactic features
Note: kinematic distances calculated from brightest CO spectral feature
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
Mass in clumps and mass in gas
• Divide the galatocentric distribution into rings• Multiply the number of sources by a Clump-
mass-function• Compare total “clump mass” in the observed
area with total gas mass in the same area
• This should be an indicator of the “clump formation efficiency”
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
… in figures (preliminary)…
M#
obje
cts
, , ,Clump mass function: -0.9Profile range: ~ <1 – 8%
See also talks in Session 5, in particular Lada, Megeath, Menten and Moore, as well as posters by Maiolo (51), Veneziani (75)
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
• Take all sources in the 350-296 range• Select the ones with clear detections at 160,
250, 350mm, basically 17.000 sources• Complete SED with 70mm and 870mm• Fit SEDs, get masses and luminosities• Plot L/M in galactic radius…
Large samples give trends see poster by Facchini et al.
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
And much more…• Filaments
– Are they the preferred place for star formation? Talk by Schisano• Diffuse material
– Reconstruction of the 3D structure of the MW, Fractal dimension of the dust, dust propertiesSee talk by Paradis, Traficante, Marshall, poster by Elia (22), Schneider (69), Zhu (33)
• Structure of the Galaxy– See talk by Russeil
• Galactic Centre: talk by Bally, Molinari, Longmore• Triggered star formation: talks by Zavagno, Morgan• Core mass function and IMF: talk by Elia, poster by Olmi (61)• And even more in posters: HII regions (Paladini 63), IRDCs (Wilcock
77), Evolved stars (Martinavarro, 92)
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi
Thank you!• PI: Sergio Molinari• Steering Group: A. Noriega-Crespo, A. Zavagno, B.
Swinyard, J.-P. Bernard, J. Bally, L. Testi, M. Barlow, P. Martin, R. Plume, T. Moore
• All consortium members, Co-Is and associates (about 140 people!)
• In particular: Lorenzo Piazzo, David Ikhenaode, Alessio Traficante, Luca Calzoletti, Fabiana Faustini, Francesco Piacentini, Paolo Natoli, Marcella Veneziani, Joe Mottram, Delphine Russeil, and all at IFSI Anna, Stefano, Davide, Danae, Kazi, Gemma, Eugenio, Ada, Milena, John
MW2011, September 19-23, Rome - Hi-GAL, M. Pestalozzi