VERTICAL GARDENING, TERRARIUM

AND

MINIATURE GARDENING

Prepared and presented byRachappa K KoreUHS12PGM214

VERTICAL GARDENING

• Exploiting the potential of the

vertical plane to grow plants,

(something trees do naturally)

instead of just the horizontal

plane, which is the traditionally

ground of the garden.

• The mythical Hanging Gardens

of Babylon, verdant & graced

with luscious vines, and

cascading foliage, espaliered fruit

trees.

COMPONENTS OF VERTICAL GARDEN

• It involves using fences, walls, pergolas, arches &

trellises to support climbing & hanging plants.

• Not only attractive, but brings plant parts within

easy reach.

• Vertical structures (stakes, trellises) can be easily

inserted into ground level & raised garden beds,

as well as planter boxes, containers & window

boxes.

• Hanging baskets - Suspended from pergolas and

house eaves at desirable heights.

Suitable plants

• Natural climbers

• Those amenable to be trained

to a trellis

• Plants which are suitable for

being espaliered against a

wall or trellis

• Plants with a trailing growth

habit, can be planted along

the edges of raised beds or

planter boxes & allowed to

cascade to the ground giving

a wall of living color

Kind of Plant Popular Name Uses Other Features

Annual Vines NasturtiumCan grow as a bush

or vine.

Edible leaves and flowers. Multi-

colored flowers.

Morning Glory

Arbors, trellises,

etc. Can also be

used as a

groundcover.

Blooms in the early morning.

Sweet Peas Trellises and arbors. Smaller vine. Fragrant blossom.

Black Eyed Susan

(Vine)

Containers and

planter boxes.

Non-invasive. Grows to about 12 feet

tall.

MoonflowerMost garden

structures.Night bloomer. Grows fast.

Cardinal ClimberMost garden

structures.Attracts hummingbirds.

Perennial

VinesEnglish Ivy Walls and fences.

Semi-evergreen. Likes the

shade.

Boston Ivy Walls and fences.

Grows equally well in sun and

shade. Can work as a

groundcover.

Clematis Most garden structures. Likes sun to partial shade.

Bougainvillea Fences, arbors, walls, etc. Won’t grow in colder climates.

Jasmine Fences, arbors, walls, etc.Beautiful flowers with strong

scent.

HoneysuckleFences, walls, and most garden

structures.Attracts hummingbirds.

WisteriaTrellises and garden arbors. Can also

grow as a stand alone plant.

Likes full sun. Grape-like

clusters of lavender flowers.

Trumpet CreeperFences and most gardening structures.

Good hummingbird plant.

Can become invasive in some

areas.

Climbing Hydrangea Trees and most garden structures. White flowers.Grows slowly.

Virginia CreeperTrees, walls, fences, and most garden

structures.

Grows well in both sun and

shade. Nice fall color on the

leaves.

ADVANTAGES OF VERTICAL GARDENING

• Plants (their fruit, flowers, scent and foliage) are

brought within reach

• Disguise & screen unpleasant structures or views

• Define garden areas

• Soften stark surfaces

• Provide shade

• Allow vertical circulation of air, ideal for plant

growth

• All the while taking up little horizontal space,

important when space is a premium.

Factors to consider with vertical garden structures

• What is the final desired height of climbing and

hanging plants, in terms of their reachability?

• What type of vertical structure is most suitable for a

particular plant?

• How sturdy & how high does the vertical structure

have to be?

• For example, the Wisteria climber requires very

strong vertical support system, while Akebia

quinata is a light climber which needs only a light-

weight arch for support.

Continued….

Akebia quinataWisteria climber

• In what garden structure will the plant be rooted?

e.g. will a tee-pee for tomatoes be best located

ground level garden , a raised bed, a planter box, or a

containers?

• Are the soil, sun & shade characteristics suitable?

• Will you be gardening from seated or standing

position, & how high can you comfortably reach?

• Consider also the sun/shade requirements of the

plants & the gardeners.

Different structures needed for vertical gardens

Pergola Teepee

Trellis A-frames

Towers Arches

Espalier Vertical wall gardens

Hanging baskets

PERGOLA• Overhead structure,

supported by posts, often

constructed from timber or

metal.

• Climbers can grow up

(from plants rooted at

ground level or in planter

boxes or containers) the

pergola.

• Also, small plant containers

& baskets can be hung

from the rafters of the

pergola.

TEEPEE

• Three or more long narrow

poles (bamboo, metal,

plastic, timber stakes ) are

tied together about ¼ the

way from the top with

string, tape or wire.

• The poles are then splayed

apart, & the self supporting

structure inserted into a

ground level bed, a raised

bed, a planter or a

container.

TRELLIS

• It is a lattice work

frame or structure,

often made from

timber or metal, to

support climbing

plants.

• A trellis can be part

of a fence, an arch

or be incorporated

in a raised bed or

container.

A-FRAMES

• Essentially two

trellises joined at the

top, but splayed at

the bottom, in cross-

section resembling

the letter ‘A’.

• These are often used

for growing melons,

beans & tomatoes.

TOWERS

• Pyramidal structures

consisting of a tall

central vertical pole

surrounded by an

array of tall vertical

elements (e.g. metal or

timber) up which

climbers can grow.

• Single short timber

supports or stakes can

be used for growing

climbers

ESPALIER

A trelliswork of

various forms on

which the branches

of fruit or

ornamental trees

are extended

horizontally, in a

fan shape

VERTICAL PLANTERS

• An array of ‘containers’ that hold then unexposed soil surface perpendicular to the ground.

• The containers are about 300mm deep, usually square or rectangular in shape, covered in plastic, then wire mesh, & then finally stacked or inserted into a vertical timber frame.

• The final structure resembles a bookcase, filled with wire-fronted boxes, the height of which can be customized.

• Plant material is inserted into each container by first punching a hole through the plastic & wire, then positioning the root system. The plants thus grow sideways.

• Vertical planters can be freestanding (both vertical faces open to the air) in which case they must be anchored to a floor, or bolted to a wall, with only one vertical face open.

• The soil needs to be changed around once a year and a drip watering system needs to be designed for the structure.

• soil moisture is retained longer than in other containers because

• the soil surface is not exposed to the air.

HANGING BASKETS

• Overhead structures

such as pergolas or

house eaves, allow to

hang baskets &other

containers.

• Hanging baskets dry

out quickly, so ensure

that they at a height

permitting frequent

watering.

In door vertical garden

ITC Gardenia

• The plants at ITC gardenia are supported by

vertical wall which is 90mm thick ,divided into

organic & inorganic media

• The organic media is 25mm thick comprises of

vermiculite & peat moss which accelerate the

plant & it capable of holding water

• The inorganic media 65mm comprises of

pumice & vermiculite

• Media has long life & need not to be changed

for 100 years

Type of plants used

• Philodendron oxycardium (dark green)

• P . scandens (yellow light green)

• P . kerala hybrid (dark green)

• P . ceylon (light yellow)

• P . costericca (dark green)

Care

• It needs regular watering from top

(15min of irrigation once in three days)by

drip irrigation

• Light -15000 to 20000 lux in indoor

TERRARIUMS

History of Terrariums

• As early as 500 BC, plants were

kept under bell-shaped glass jars

for exhibit.

• But the terrarium in its modern

form was invented by accident in

1827 by Nathaniel Ward, a

London doctor.

TERRARIUMS

• Terrariums are wonderful, magical environments. Decorative, attractive, and easy to care for, just plant and forget.

• Terrariums recycle their moisture, they need very little attention. A closed terrarium can often go a month or more between watering.

REQUIREMENT

• Any clear container can be made into a terrarium.

• It should be watertight.

• Choose container that is large enough to

accommodate the plants, and has a cover, lid, or

door to keep the moisture from escaping. Jars,

bottles, and aquariums can be used

Continued……

• More elaborate designs made from Acrylic

Plastic, Leaded and Stained Glass, and Glass

Block, can add an elegant touch to the home

decor.

• It is best to choose the plants that will fit the size

of the container.

• Slower growing plants require less trimming, and

are less likely to take over.

Container

SOME PLANTS SUITABLE FOR TERRARIUM

• Pilea

• ( Aluminum Plant)

• Fittonia ( Nerve Plant )

• Ardisia

• Podocarpus

• ( Buddhist Pine )

• Aeschynanthus

• ( Lipstick Plant )

• Baby Tears ( Very aggressive grower! )

• Very small ferns

• Miniature African Violets

• Creeping Charlie

• Boxus (Boxwood)

• Wandering Jew (Aggressive Grower)

• Creeping Fig (Aggressive Grower)

• Mosses

PLANTING INSTRUCTIONS

• Place a 1/2 inch layer of small gravel in bottom.

• Sprinkle some activated charcoal on top.

• Fill to proper height with a good draining potting

soil.

• Install plants. The number will depend on the size of

the plants, and the container.

• Don't overplant. Leave room to grow. Push the soil

aside, place a plant in the depression, and firm the

soil around it.

• Repeat for each plant. Water lightly. ( 3 or 4 ounces)

CARE

• Neglect It! Water lightly only after it gets dry once every few weeks, depending on conditions

• NEVER OVERWATER! Place in a bright area, but not in direct sunlight.

• Pinch off the newest growth to encourage bushier growth.

• Do not fertilize. As the nutrients get used up the plant's growth will slow down, helping to keep them under control.

• Over time the soil can be "refreshed" by scraping off the top layer of soil, and adding some fresh potting soil.

• This will add a small amount of nutrient, as well as freshening up it's appearance.

MINIATURE GARDENING

MINIATURE GARDENING

MINIATURE GARDENING

Miniature gardening is literately a garden in a miniature scale that replicates the real world, with scale being a major consideration - just as it is with our dollhouses, scene-boxes and dioramas. We want a full garden too, with landscaping, patios, furniture and a complete line of garden

accessories and tools.

• Choosing a container: Any vessel that will hold soil

and also allow excess water to drain away will work.

• Choosing a spot in the garden: Need a special spot

when established in the ground. A location under a tree

or near a bench can anchor the little landscape and

ensure visitors won’t miss seeing the tiny treasure.

• Potting Mix: The growing media for a miniature

garden in a container must provide good drainage. The

average potting mix, with peat moss, perlite,

vermiculite, that is used for garden planters and window

boxes will work.

• Laying out the garden: Before planting the garden, place all of the features, furniture and plants to be included in the design in their perspective place on top of the soil.

• Decide on the placement of big plants, patios, paths, arbors, and benches.

• Placing and creating garden features: Hard capes (patios and paths) are best laid on soil that has been watered (to settle it) and gently pressed down with a fingertip

• Location : Sun plants should be grown with at least a half day of sun, and shade plants should be grown with protection from direct sun after 10 or 11am.

SOME OF THE ACCECORIESFOR

TINY WICKER BASKETS

TRADITIONAL BIRDHOUSE

LITTLE RUSTIC BUCKET

BEE SKEP

LITTLE SCALLOP FENCE

WHITE SCALLOP FENCE

WHITE PICKET FENCE

WOODEN PICKET FENCE

RUSTIC PICKET FENCE

NATURAL STRAW FENCE

RUSTIC VINE BENCH

GARDEN TABLE

CHERUBS WITH BIRDBATH (TERRACOTTA)

PLANTS SUITABLE

FOR

• Ajuga - Chocolate ChipAjuga x 'Chocolate Chip'

• Astilbe, DwarfAstilbe chinensis var pumila

• Balloon Flower, DwarfPlatycodon grandiflorum 'Apoyama Misato Purple'

• Blue Globe Daisy, Mini BlueGlobularia cordifolia

• Campanula, Mini Blue BellsCampanula alpina

• Cotoneaster, Tom ThumbCotoneaster Apiculata "Tom Thumb"

• Daisy, MiniatureBellium minuta

• Dianthus, Tiny RubiesDianthus gratianopolitanus 'Tiny Rubies'

• Geranium, BallerinaGeranium Cinereum 'Ballerina'

• Goatsbeard, MiniatureAruncus aethusifolius

• Heuchera, Mini ChiquitaHeuchera X ‘Chiquita’

• Ice Plant, Hardy Yellow AfricanDelosperma nubigenum 'Basutoland'

• Knawel CushionScleranthus uniflorus

• Lady's MantleAlchemilla faeroensis 'Pumila'

• Moneywort, MiniatureLysimachia japonica minutissima

• Sea ThriftArmeria maritima 'Rubrifolia'

Advantages• Miniature gardens are intriguing as well as cute They

capture the atmosphere and magnificence inherent in a natural landscape and create a place where it is almost possible to imagine anything.

• So they fire one's imagination and give one a chance to be creative.

• In a miniature garden, plants are closer to eye level .

• This hobby is a perfect stress relieving aid but the best thing is this that it costs you nothing.