VERSATILE,

FOR BIOPHYSICAL

Any one of these portable amplifier recorders willprovide your laboratory with greater recordingflexibility and operating economy. Select either aone or two channel model with electronics for eitherDC or carrier amplification, for such applicationsas routine recording from transducers . . . monitor-ing output of laboratory instruments such asSanborn "450" portable amplifiers (self-containedunits with built-in power supplies, available in DCCoupling, Carrier, ECG/General Purpose, LowLevel and other types), vital capacity spirometers,pH meters, etc... . or for direct-writing recordingof one or two channels of a photographic recordingsystem (e.g., Sanborn 564 and 558M) or a visualmonitoring system (e.g., Sanborn 760 and 762).

FOR GENERAL PURPOSE DC RECORDINGThe Model 299-21 lb., briefcase, 1-channel recorder... 5 and 50 mm/sec or 2.5 and 25 mm/sec chartspeeds.. . sensitivities from 10 volts to 10 mv/div. - frequency response 0 to 100 cps, down 3 db at10 div peak - to -peak . . . inkless recording.Model 320-2 complete channels in a one-cubic-foot

package - separate, current - feedback amplifierswith floating and guarded inputs . .. sensitivitiesfrom 2 volts to 0.5 mv/mm . . . full 60 mm for eachchannel . frequency response 0-125 cps, down 3db at 10 mm peak - to - peak ... choice of speedranges-50, 25,5, 2.5 mm/sec or 100, 20, 5, 1 mm/sec... inkless records. Model 322 also available, forlow gain 2- channel recording.FOR AC CARRIER AMPLIFIER RECORDINGModel 301 - single - channel portable - same con-struction, physical specifications and chart speedoptions as Model 299. Self-contained AC carrieramplifier recorder ... sensitivities to 10 microvoltsrms/div. . . frequency response 0-100 cps, down 3db, 10 div peak-to-peak. . . internal 2400 cps car-rier frequency . . . uncalibrated zero suppression.For similar applications but in two channels, Model321 is available as a carrier amplifier version ofthe Model 320 system.Contact your nearest Sanborn Branch Office orService Agency for complete details, or writeResearch Instrument Sales Manager:

MEDICAL % > DIVISION

175 Wyman St., Waltham 54, Massachusetts

SCIENCE, VOL. 135694

VL3to3t'L43Pig3rfl,: W VW lioo33cMEL :ewBVW 3OC30COL030C

Introducing a new series of analytical balances.Modern in every respect - including a new all metalhousing, built-in weights, air damping, and projectionscale reading. The models in the 1500 series weredesigned for laboratories seeking the advantages ofan automatic balance in a two pan system and mediumprice range.

A demonstration or trial of any Sartorius balancemay be arranged through your nearest Sartorius distributor.For further information on Series 1500 balances, contact:BRINKMANN INSTRUMENTS, INC.115 Cutter Mill Road, Great Neck, N. Y.PHILADELPHIA . CLEVELAND * HOUSTON * MIAMI * MENLO PARK, CAL. ' ST. LOUIS

2 MARCH 1962 695

NEW LEITZ ORTHOMATPERFECT 35MM PHOTOMICROGRAPHSAUTOMATICALLY-AS FAST ASYOU PUSH THE BUTTONa Exposures range from 1/100th second to 1/2 hour ormore! * Vibration-free electromagnetic shutter! * Built-in photo-multiplier for detail or integrating exposuremeasurement! * For Ortholux Universal Research Micro-scope and other models! * Control unit, operating likean analog computer, automatically compensates forchanges during exposures!NEW LEITZ ORTHOMAT-eliminates need for trial expo-sures. You get precise automatic exposure computed -^ lfor all or a tiny part of the field. No film winding. No X7,-shutter setting. Make picture after picture as fast asyou change slides or areas within the field of view. ... upto 36 exposures without even changing the film cham-ber. Time-lapse exposures possible. ONLY LEITZ DESIGNAND CRAFTSMANSHIP -could produce this superb combi-nation of automation, versatility and flawless accuracy.Each mechanical and functional detail -from shutter toexposure computer... from film chamber to opticalsystem-is individually designed only for precise,trouble-free automatic photomicrography. AUTOMATICEXPOSURE GUIDE-accepts all types of 35mm films; meas-ures light for total field or as little as 1/100th of it,asmay be required. ELECTROMAGNETIC SHUTTER-no movingparts, completely vibration-free. Long exposures maybe interrupted and resumed. OPTICAL DIVIDERS-permitexposure during uninterrupted viewing. BINOCULAR TUBEFOCUSING-automatic compensation for interpupillarydistance; identical focus at eyepiece and film plane.INTERCHANGEABLE FILM CHAMBERS-permit alternationbetween different types of film at any point on roll.OTHER FEATURES-automatic film transport. Counter oneach film chamber. Convenient foot-pedal camera acti-vation. Synchronized for micro-flash.

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696 SCIENCE, VOL..135

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THE PACKARD 314EX TRICARB SPECTROMETEROFFERS RESEARCH SCIENTISTS TWO CHANNELSOF PULSE HEIGHT ANALYSIS. .. with individ-ually variable amplifiers and four adjustablediscriminator levels. This exclusive feature permitssimultaneous counting of two isotopes in a mixtureand interchangeable counting of assortments of twoisotopes. Samples from two experiments can be placedin the 100 sample changer at the same time. Eachchannel can then be adjusted for true balance-pointoperation and the samples counted automatically.Consider also the dual channel capability when doingquench monitoring or absolute counting when workingwith a sin2le isoton)e

SC IENCE, VOL. 135f698

Only an investigator who combinedgreat sophistication in the intricaciesof the cultures and societies in Indiawith a talent for dealing with complexsocieties could have produced thisclear, concise, and salient analysis.Furthermore, Mayer does not assumehis readers are specialists in these mat-ters.

In the decade since this field studywas made, controversies over the al-ways important political and economicstatuses of Fiji Indians in the Colonyhave become so intensified that theyhave reached a critical state. Howevertimely the appearance of this book isin this respect, Mayer has deliberatelysteered clear of these inflamed issues,and by objectively concentrating ona remarkably cogent analysis of therural peasantry, with very little refer-ence to policies of the Fiji Govern-ment, he has helped illuminate thecurrent political crisis without takinga partisan stance.

WILLIAM DAVENPORTDepartment of Anthropology,Yale University

New BooksBiological Sciences and Medicine

British Flies. vol. 6, Empididae. J. E.Collin. Cambridge Univ. Press, New York,1962. 790 pp. Illus. $17.50.The Chromatography of Steroids. I. E.

Bush. Pergamon, New York, 1961. 458pp. Illus. $12.50.

Contemporary Botanical Thought. A.M. Macleod and L. S. Cobley, Eds. Quad-rangle Books, Chicago, Ill., 1962. 197 pp.Illus. $6.50.Enzymes in Clinical Chemistry. Section

on Biology, International Union of Pureand Applied Chemistry. Butterworth,Washington, D.C., 1962. 511 pp. Illus. $9.Proceedings of the Second InternationalSymposium on Enzymes in Clinical Chem-istry, held in Ghent, Belgium (April 1961),sponsored by IUPAC in conjunction withthe Belgian Society of Clinical Chemistry.The papers are reprinted from Pure andApplied Chemistry, vol. 3. Nos. 3-4.

Experimental Neurology. Paul Glees.Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1961. 543pp. Illus. $17.50.

Flowering Trees of the World. Fortropics and warm climates. Edwin A.Menninger. Hearthside Press, New York,1962. 351 pp. Illus. $18.95.The Giant Golden Book of Biology.

Gerald Ames and Rose Wyler. GoldenPress, New York, 1962. 99 pp. Illus. $3.99(juvenile book).The Harvey Lectures, 1960-61. Sey-

mour Benzer et al. Academic Press, NewYork, 1961. 278 pp. Illus. $8.The Human Species. A biology of man.

Anthony Barnett. Penguin Books, NewYork, ed. 2, 1962. 366 pp. Illus. $1.85.2 MARCH 1962

Liver Biopsy. An atlas of histologic ap-pearances. R. G. Shorter. Pergamon, NewYork, 1961. 122 pp. Illus. $9.50.The Mammalian Egg. C. R. Austin.

Thomas, Springfield, Ill., 1961. 189 pp.Illus. $9.Mechanism of Action of Steroid Hor-

mones. Claude A. Villee and Lewis L.Engel, Eds. Pergamon, New York, 1961.274 pp. Illus. $10. Proceedings of theconference held at Endicott House.

Natural History of Plants and Animals.A. C. Olson, R. W. Crawford, and E. W.Huffman. National Press, Palo Alto, Calif.,1961. 183 pp. $4.75.New and Nonofficial Drugs, 1962.

Council on Drugs, American Medical As-sociation. Lippincott, Philadelphia, Pa.,1962. 900 pp. Illus. $4.Organophosphorus Poisons. Anticholi-

nesterases and related compounds. D. F.Heath. Pergamon, New York, 1961. 410pp. Illus. $12.50.

Pain, Its Modes and Functions. F. J. J.Buytendijk. Univ. of Chicago Press, Chi-cago, Ill., 1962. 189 pp. $3.95.

Plant Life of Palestine: Israel and Jor-dan. Michael Zohary. Ronald, New York,1962. 268 pp. Illus.Survey of Biological Progress. vol. 4.

Bentley Glass, Ed. Academic Press, NewYork, 1962. 478 pp. Illus. $10.A Synthesis of Evolutionary Theory.

Herbert H. Ross. Prentice-Hall, Engle-wood Cliffs, N.J., 1962. 400 pp. Illus.Trade ed., $10; text ed., $7.50.

Systema Helminthum. vol. 3, pts. 1 and2. Satyu Yamaguti. Interscience, NewYork, 1961. 1261 pp. Illus. $90 per set.Taxonomy of Setaria (Gramineae) in

North America. James M. Rominger.Univ. of Illinois Press, Urbana, 1962. 132pp. Illus.

Transplantation of Tissues and Cells.R. E. Villingham and Willys K. Silvers,Eds. Wistar Inst. Press, Philadelphia, Pa.,1961. 155 pp. Illus. $7.50.Workbook and Laboratory Manual in

General Biology. William C. Beaver.Mosby, St. Louis, Mo., ed. 6, 1962. 299pp. Paper, $3.75.

Mathematics, Physical Sciences,and Engineering Science

Argon, Helium, and the Rare Gases.vol. 2. Gerhard A. Cook, Ed. Intersci-ence, New York, 1961. 818 pp. Illus.$17.50.

Atmospheric Diffusion. F. Pasquill. VanNostrand, Princeton, N.J., 1962. 297 pp.Illus. $10.75.

Bibliography of Agricultural Meteorol-ogy. Jen Yu Wang and Gerald L. Barger,Eds. Univ. of Wisconsin Press, Madison,1962. 684 pp. $6.75.Chemical Dictionary. J. Fouchier and

F. Billet. Netherlands Univ. Press, Am-sterdam, ed. 2, 1961. 453 pp. $25.

Classical Electrodynamics. John DavidJackson. Wiley, New York, 1962. 658 pp.Illus. $13.

Collected Works of John von Neumann.vol. 1, Logic, Theory of Sets, and Quan-tum Mechanics. 664 pp. vol. 2, Operators,Ergodic Theory, and Almost PeriodicFunctions in a Group. 578 pp. A. H. Taub,Ed. Pergamon, New York, 1961. $15 each.

A Combined Control System for theProcess Industries. E. Pavlik and B. Ma-chei. Van Nostrand, Princeton, N.J., 1962.195 pp. Illus. $6.Design Data for Aeronautics and As-

tronautics. Richard B. Morrison, Ed.Wiley, New York, 1962. 518 pp. Illus. $18.

Elements of Infrared Technology. Gen-eration, transmission, and detection. PaulW. Kruse, Laurence D. McGlauchlin, andRichmond B. McQuistan. Wiley, NewYork, 1962. 469 pp. Illus. $10.75.

Elements of Thermodynamics and HeatTransfer. Edward F. Obert and Robert L.Young. McGraw-Hill, New York, ed. 2,1962. 557 pp. Illus. $8.95.Explanatory Supplement to the Astro-

nomical Ephemeris and the AmericanEphemeris and Nautical Almanac. HerMajesty's Stationery Office, London, 1961.505 pp. Illus. $7.85.The Givaudan Index. Specifications of

synthetics and isolates for perfumery.Givaudan-Delawanna, New York, 1961.431 pp. $7.50.A History of Chemistry. vol. 2. J. R.

Partington. St. Martin's Press, New York,1962. 795 pp. Illus. $20.The Inspiration of Science. Sir George

Thomson. Oxford Univ. Press, New York,1961. 160 pp. Illus. $4.

Introduction to Structural Stability The-ory. George Gerard. McGraw-Hill, NewYork, 1962. 185 pp. Illus. $7.95.

Mathematical Statistics. John E. Freund.Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.,1962. 260 pp. Illus. $7.50.Muddy Sediments. Some geotechnical

studies for geologists, engineers and soilscientists. P. G. H. Boswell. Heffer, Cam-bridge, England, 1962. 150 pp. 14s.

Organic Chemistry Today. F. W. Gibbs.Penguin Books, Baltimore, Md., 1962. 304pp. Illus. Paper, $1.45.

Precis de Physique, vol. 2. MauriceCurie. Presses Universitaires, Paris, 1962.648 pp. Illus. NF. 24.

Qualitative Elemental Analysis. E. H.Swift and W. P. Schaefer. Freeman, SanFrancisco, Calif., 1962. 483 pp. Illus.$6.75 (Teachers Manual, 78 pp.).

Solid Surfaces and the Gas-Solid Inter-face. Lewellyn E. Copeland et al., Eds.American Chemical Soc., Washington,D.C., 1961. 388 pp. Illus. $9.

Stochastic Service Systems. John Rior-dan. Wiley, New York, 1962. 139 pp.Illus. $6.75.

Structure Reports for 1954. vol. 18.A. J. C. Wilson, Ed. Published for theInternational Union of Crystallographyby Oosthoek, Utrecht, Netherlands, 1961.853 pp. Illus.

Theoretical Geomorphology. Adrian E.Scheidegger. Prentice-Hall, EnglewoodCliffs, N.J., 1962. 332 pp. Illus. $18.

Thennoelectricity. An introduction tothe principles. D. K. C. MacDonald.Wiley, New York, 1962. 133 pp. Illus.$6.50.

Treatise on Analytical Chemistry. pt. 2,Analytical Chemistry of the Elements.I. M. Kolthoff and Philip J. Elving, Eds.Interscience, New York, 1961. 567 pp.Illus. $16.

Vistas in Astronomy. vol. 4. ArthurBeer, Ed. Pergamon, New York, 1961.194 pp. Illus. $12.

721

New Products

Flame photometer (model H) forclinical determinations of sodium andpotassium concentration utilizes lithiumas an internal standard and gives directreadings on a calibrated dial. In opera-tion the conventional null balance sys-tem is used to measure the unknownemission in terms of proportional out-put from the internal standard. Theinternal-standard system eliminates ef-fects of viscosity and surface tensionon the rate of atomizing the sampleinto the flame. An adjustable, resettablestainless-steel atomizer, also a featureof the manufacturer's older researchmodel IB, eliminates clogging andfacilitates rinsing and cleaning.

Direct-reading ranges, in milliequiv-alents per liter, of 0 to 10 (for potas-sium) and 0 to 200 (for sodium)simplify clinical determinations; read-ings are reproducible to ¼1/4 percentof full scale. Solid-state photocells,glass filter systems, rugged null detec-tion meter, and sealed burner providefor a rugged instrument free fromeffects of vibration and the well-knownerrors due to air contaminated withsmoke or soap powder.-R.L.B. (Proc-ess & Instruments Co., Dept. S29, 17Stone Ave., Brooklyn 33, N.Y.)

Pulse generator (model 21 3A) formsa pulse having a rise time of ap-proximately 0.2 nanosecond and awidth of approximately 2 psec. Eitherpositive or negative 0.5-volt (peak)pulses trigger the generator at rates upto 100 kcy/sec. Jitter is less than 20picoseconds when the generator is

The material in this section is prepared bythe following contributing writers:

Robert L. Bowman (R.L.B.), Laboratory ofTechnical Development, National Heart Insti-tute, Bethesda 14, Md. (medical electronics andbiomedical laboratory equipment).Joshua Stern (J.s.), Basic Instrumentation Sec-

tion, National Bureau of Standards, Washington25, D.C. (physics, computing, electronics, andnuclear equipment).The information reported is obtained from

manufacturers and other sources considered re-liable. Neither Science nor any of the writersassumes responsibility for the accuracy of theinformation.Address inquiries to the manufacturer, men-

tioning Science and the department number.

2 MARCH 1962

triggered by the manufacturer's model185 sampling oscilloscope. When ex-

cited at a rate greater than 100 kcy/-sec, the instrument runs free.-J.s.(Hewlett Packard Co., Dept. S1, 1501Page Mill Rd., Palo Alto, Calif.)

Cold-cathode ionization gage of themagnetron type provides a range ofsensitivity from 10' to 10"1 mm ofmercury. All elements of the gage are

supported within a cylindrical metalenvelope by ceramic balls. Operation

and control of the unit is accomplishedby an electron flow through crossedmagnetic and electric fields. The coldcathode, which serves as both an elec-tron emitter and ion collector, is typi-cally operated at ground potential withthe anode operated at +4000 volts.Current at low pressures is less than1 pa.-J.s. (Geophysics Corporationof America, Dept. S22, Bedford,Mass.)

Radiation monitoring film badges are

provided with circular metal filters infront and square filters in back to in-dicate whether radiation reaching thebadge came from the front or throughthe wearer. The shaped cadmium andcopper filters allow densitometer read-ings of the badges to be made, thusdetermining the exposure. Individualfilm packets are removed and mailedby the user, so that the badge itselfdoes not have to be returned for read-ing.-R.L.B. (Nuclear-Chicago Corp.,Dept. S34, 333 E. Howard Ave., DesPlaines, Ill.)

Random-access memory of the fer-rite-core type features a cycle time of1.5 /xsec for a complete read-restore orwrite-clear cycle. Storing binary infor-mation, the model 2048, 4096, and8192 memory modules use a linear orword-select drive system. Word lengthsare up to 56 bits. Operation may beconducted on full words or on partialwords. Larger capacities can be ob-tained by combining standard modules.The memory is a free-standing modulewith a self-contained frame that holdsthe ferrite core stacks, the associatedlogic circuits, and the power supplies.Controls for starting, stopping, and re-setting may be installed at the computer.All logic and voltage-regulation circuitsare on plug-in cards. Dimensions are72 (h) by 48 (w) by 28 (d) inches.-J.s. (Ampex Computer Products Co.,Dept. S38, P.O. Box 329, Culver City,Calif.)

Digital data reader consists of an x-yreading head, 16-inch paper or filmtransport, and keyboard. The readinghead may be used separately in con-junction with a 35-mm film projector.Output is to a typewriter, IBM key-punch, or punched paper tape. Mul-tiple channels can be handled, eachwith a different scale factor and zeroreference. Zero references can also belocated at any point on the graph.Patch-board programming permits anydesired output format of fixed digits,channel count, signs, coordinate values,and time index count. Channel count,coordinate values, and time index countare displayed by a bank of numeraltubes.-J.S. (Gerber Scientific Instru-ment Co., Dept. S19, P.O. Box 305,Hartford, Conn.)

Vacuum system (model SEL 823)is designed for routine operation at10-' and 10"1 mm-Hg. The system isof double-wall design. The vacuumchamber is of stainless-steel construc-tion with a large dynamic vacuumpumping throat. The ionization gageis mounted within the chamber tominimize errors due to gage pump-ing. Window ports, provided on allsides, can be removed; they are sealedwith metal-gaskets. A disposable glassshield is provided as a vapor-platingbarrier for the windows. Other portsas well as multiple-pin feed-throughheaders are supplied for mountingoptional accessory equipment.-J.s.(Scientific Engineering Laboratories,Inc., Dept. S25, P.O. Box 607, Wood-land, Calif.)

737

VARICORD 43 $885

- - e- e-,..

Also available: Densitometers a Photometers a Fluorescence Meters * DH Meters

WelchLARGE-SCREEN

LECTURE-TABLE OSCILLOSCOPE

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For all customary classroom demonstrations12-inch screen faces class. Controls and operating char-

acteristics comparable to that3-inch monitor screen and all of average 5-inch oscilloscope.controls on rear panel for in- Alcmoet chsnwh

structo'sconvnience.generous ratings to insure re-

Controls operate 12-inch and liability.3-inch tube simultaneously. Net weight: 80 pounds.

Cat. No. 2140A Each $390.00

write for descriptive circular

THE WELCH SCIENTIFIC COMPANYESTABLISHED 1880

1515 Sedgwick Street, Dept. E Chicago 10, Illinois

--Manufacturers of Scientifs c Cnstrumonts and Laboratory Apparatus_

738 SCIENCE, VOL. 135

I

GLASS ABSORPTION

CELLS made KLETT

SCIENTIFIC APPARATUSKlett-Summerson Photoelectric Colorimeters-Colorimeters - Nephelometers -Fluorimeters-Bio-Colorimeters - Comparators - Glass Stand-

Jards-Klett Reagents.

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Please rush UNITROW's Microscope Cataog. 4Z- I INam -

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Speakingof 6

MilhiporeFilters

A NON-EXTRACTIVE METItTOD FOR THEQUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF

CHLOROPHYLL IN ALGAL CULTURES, 1957Measured portions of algal culture are concen-trated on Millipore filter (type AA 47mm). Thefilter is dried at 85°C for 10 min., placed on aglass, rendered transparent and wafered be-tween another cover glass. Finally the excessmembrane is trimmed off and the filter placedin Beckman D.U. 5.0cm cell carriage. Mono-chrometer slit-widths range from 0.02 and0.06mm. The principal peak of PHAEO-DACTYLUM is at 670 mrnu.

Yentsch C. S 1957Nature 179:13062-1304 June 22

Millipore9 filters are available in eleven pore-size grades from 5A down to 10m,A. They retainon their surfaces all particles larger than ratedpore size.When writing for technical information pleasestate your fields of interest.

Dept. Bedford, MassachusFILTERDeopt. S, Bedford, Massachusetts

benefaction of mankind to withhold itsjudgment in matters relating to its fieldof competence might serve as well toundermine the very prestige it guardsso jealously and might inject a note of"commercial aspirations" into the ac-tivities of the organization and itsmembers.

Admittedly, it is unfortunate thatsuch recommendations must be madewithout control over their application inthe "marketplace," but this does notrelieve the medical or dental researcheror practitioner of his basic responsi-bility to alleviate human ills arnt suffer-ing to the best of his ability, with everymeans at his disposal, and without re-gard to economic advantage (exceptfrom the standpoint of his patient).Any professional organization should

be as quick to recommend as to con-demn in matters which rightly belongin the field of its activities. The laypublic is dependent upon the judgmentof the professional man (best expressedthrough a collective organization), andshould that judgment be withheld orqualified to the point of ambiguity, the"borderline quackery" which every pro-fessional man abhors will move in tofill the void thus created.

WALTER FOWKESGrand Forks, North Dakota

Visiting Asian Students

Balaji Mundkur's generalization [Sci-ence 134, 1942 (1961)] regarding theproblems of visiting Asian students istrue. The migrant students certainly arepresented "problems of adjustment."But their supposed failure to adjust tonew and strange cultural and academicpatterns is not due to inadequately in-formed advisers or faculty memberswho have failed to notice discrepan-cies in academic preparation or inscholastic and social adaptabilitiesamong visiting students. The studentsthemselves, very often, do not take anyinitiative to face boldly a new environ-ment, academic and cultural. It isdoubtful that they were not aware ofthese challenging situations before theyarrived in this country.Many of these students live with

their own countrymen, eat the samekind of food, confine themselves totheir own clannish circles for discus-sions and exchange of ideas. I haveseen this happen on one of the largestuniversity campuses in California; thesestudents live in large apartment houses

SCIENCE, VOL. 135

DIS UELETROPHORESISFor Research * Clinic * Classroom

TRIAL KITS AVAILABLE-IMMEDIATE SHIPMENTRevolutionary breakthrough in protein separation, using new, speciallyprocessed polyacrylamide gel. Routinely separates 20-30 proteins inhuman serum. 100 times more sensitive than starch gel.

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where their neighbors are their owncountrymen, invariably; they are afraidor at least hesitant to live in strangelocalities among foreigners; they do notwant to accept change. As long as thisstate of affairs prevails, I do not thinkcounseling and orientation alone wouldhelp them adjust to new cultural andacademic patterns. The visiting studentshould make every endeavor to be ad-venturous, be willing to accept change,and above all, try to realize his ownpotentiality for social, cultural, andacademic adjustments.

.0 S. K. KRISHNASWAMIDepartment of Biology,Rice University, Houston, Texas

Crimes, Science Fellowships,and the Disclaimer Affidavit

It has been called to our attentionthat our recent letter concerning Na-tional Science Foundation fellowships[Science 134, 2007 (22 Dec. 1961)]could be misunderstood to imply op-position to the whole of the new billHR 8556. Our objection is specificallyto section (d) (1) (B) of this bill, re-quiring applicants for a fellowshipfrom the National Science Foundationto list previous criminal convictions orpending charges. Our reasons -for ob-jecting were stated in the previous let-ter. The bill as a whole, however,would be beneficial, since it repealsthe present ineffective and offensiverequirement that each applicant submita sworn affidavit concerning his po-litical beliefs. This and closely similarprovisions of the National DefenseEducation Act have caused grave andwidespread concern, and they areclearly more objectionable than theproposed requirement of a statement ofobjective fact. We therefore believethat the terms of HR 8556 representan improvement over the existing regu-lations. Hence, we favor passage ofthe bill, but preferably without section(d)(1)(B).

BERNARD D. DAVISJOHN T. EDSALL

DONALD R. GRIFFINHarvard University,Cambridge, Massachusetts

CYRUS LEVINTHALS. E. LURIA

Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge

BENTLEY GLASSJohns Hopkins University,Baltimore, Maryland2 MARCH 1962

VERSATILITY OF TECHNIQUE EXPANDED'

Thin Layer Chromatography AdvancedWith Introduction of ImprovedVariable Thickness ApplicatorDesaga Delivers First New Instruments

GUARANTEEING Uniform Layersby Klaus P. Brinkmann

Since its commercialintroduction in theUnited States, by Brink-mann, in the fall of

1960, Thin Layer Chro-

matography has be- New Model S-Il-reproduces any layer- thickness from <250A up to 2 mm.

come the fastest grow-ing analytical method and has been installed in more than 500U. S. laboratories. However, the ability to develop a versatileapparatus, to improve it and to provide new accessories to expandthe application of a technique, is directly related to experience ina particular field.

While the original Desaga apparatus, according to Stahl, hasbecome the most widely used equipment, a substantial advanceover the first adjustable applicator is now available. In addition, anumber of unique and exclusive accessories are offered for thefirst time. These include:

1) An improved adjustable applicator-model S-Il. This instrumentpermits the user to select and reproduce any layer thickness fromless than 250A up to 2 mm. The novel parallel sliding designcompletely eliminates the possibility of a layer whose thicknessis not uniform across the entire plate-a problem which is in-herent in a variable thickness model unless both sides of the exitgate are individually supported for rigidity and centrally regulatedby a common thickness control to assure a uniform calibratedheight.

2) Removal of layers-a major technological breakthrough in TLCnow permits the user to remove complete layers from the glassplate with our new adhesive film. This technique facilitates preser-vation, elution and photometry.

3) Chamber for small quantities of solvent-a special unit consist-ing of a plate holder and liquid chamber permits separations onindividual plates with a minimum of solvent material.

4) Utility "kit" for TLC-provides an inexpensive complete TLC ap-paratus for smaller laboratories and occasional requirements.

5) Pyrex brand glass plates-new high temperature glass plates forscorching techniques and for obtaining a high activity stage withalumina.

6) Improved Silica Gel G-now produces even better results throughmanufacturing techniques which result in an even more uniformparticle size.

7) New Cellulose Powders-ion exchange and acetylated cellulosepowders are now available.

8) New indicator sprays-in aerosol container are now available.

For complete information and new Bibliography of almost300 references, please request "TLC Bulletin #5."

BRINKMANNINSTRUMENTS,SNCI.115 Cutter Mill Road, Great Neck,NY.

PHILADELPHIA-* CLEVELAND- HOUSTON * MIAMI * MENLO PARK, CAL ST. LOUIS

741

MeetingsOceanography in Latin America

Four important meetings concern-ing oceanography and its research de-velopment in Latin America were re-cently held in Chile. They were theLatin-American Seminar of Oceano-graphic Studies; the 2nd Latin-Ameri-can Symposium on Plankton; the Meet-ing of Directors of Latin-AmericanLaboratories; and a Regional TrainingCourse on Marine Biology. The meet-ings were organized by the UNESCOScience Co-operation Office for LatinAmerica, jointly with the University ofConcepcion in the case of the first twomeetings and with the University ofChile in the case of the latter two, andheld, respectively, in the General Bi-ology Laboratory, Concepcion, and theMarine Biology Station, Montemar.

Thirty-seven distinguished Latin-American scientists participated, fromMexico, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil,Uruguay, Argentina, Chile, Peru, andEcuador. Present as observers were

Dixie Lee Ray from the NationalScience Foundation (United States);

Peter Dohrn, from the Stazione Zo-ologica di Napoli (Italy); WilhelmBranhorst, chief of the Federal Re-public of Germany's Technical Assist-ance Program to Chile; and FrancoisOttmann, at present at the Instituteof Marine Biology in Recife, Brazil.Ramon Margaleff (Spain) attended thesymposium on plankton by special in-vitation.

At the first meeting, Pedro RoaMorales (Venezuela) was elected chair-man of the "abiotic" section and Fer-nando de Buen (Chile), chairman ofthe "biological" sections. De Buen wasalso chairman of the Meeting of Di-rectors. Margaleff was invited to actas chairman of the symposium on plank-ton. For the Regional Training Course,de Buen and Enrique Rioja (Mexico)acted as codirectors; the professorswere scientists from Mexico, Chile,Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil, andthe students were from Latin-Americancountries. For all these meetings, HugoFerrando (Uruguay) acted as secre-tary.The main purpose of the meetings

was to make an evaluation of thepresent status of research in marinesciences in Latin America in the light

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of what has been accomplished. Ac-cordingly, a series of reports coveringthe different disciplines of marine sci-ence were requested from, and sub-mitted by, leading scientists of LatinAmerica. It was also felt that somedecision should be taken so as to in-crease existing knowledge through re-search and training, primarily on a

cooperative regional basis.Among the most outstanding reso-

lutions and recommendations adoptedwere the following.

1) Creation of a Latin-AmericanCouncil on Oceanograph; with anelected steering committee composedof leading marine scientists from Mex-ico, Venezuela, Uruguay, Argentina,Chile, and Brazil, under the chairman-ship of Fernando de Buen. This councilshould become a permanent Latin-American Council once the necessaryofficial steps are taken throughout allthe Latin-American countries; the sec-retariat will be located at the UNESCOScience Co-operation Office for LatinAmerica, Bulevar Artigas 1320, Monte-video, Uruguay.

2) Establishment of research pro-grams on a regional, coordinated basis.Seven projects were presented, andnecessary measures are now being takenfor the coordination of some of theseby the existing marine biology labora-tories and oceanographic institutes, withthe help of the hydrographic naval serv-ices.

3) Publication of a "Lain-AmericanDirectory of Oceanographic Institu-tions and Scientists" so as to implementthe exchange of scientists, students,information, and material, with theUNESCO Science Co-operation Officeacting as a clearinghouse.

4) The unification and standardiza-tion of methods and equipment inmarine research.

5) Organization by UNESCO, in1962, of a 2 months' training coursein physical oceanography. The Oceano-graphic Institute of the University ofOrente (Venezuela) offered to act as

host, and the Brazilian Navy offeredits oceanographic vessel, the AlmiranteSaldanha, for a training cruise to com-plement the course.

6) Organization by UNESCO, in1962, of a regional symposium on thebiogeography of marine organisms forthe purpose of studying the geographi-cal distribution of such organisms andthe effects upon them of the physico-chemical condition and dynamics ofwater masses. The National Museum ofNatural History "Bernardino Riva-

SCIENCE. VOL. 135

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davia" of Argentina officially offeredto act as host upon the occasion of its160th anniversary.

7) Organization by UNESCO, in1962, of a meeting of deans of sciencefaculties of Latin-American universitiesfor the purpose of raising scholasticstandards for the education of marinescientists through the reorganizationand modification of curricula and plansof study.UNESCO's Science Co-operation Of-

fice is preparing to implement recom-mendations 5, 6, and 7 by building upthe bibliographic reference library onmarine sciences in Latin America which

it has already started, with profitableresults. For this purpose, each sci-entist present at the meeting plannedto send in a contribution in his specificfield. To further this program, it is re-quested that all scientists and institu-tions send two reprints of any of theirpublications that deal with any aspectof marine sciences in Latin Americato the UNESCO Science Co-operationOffice for Latin America, Casilla deCorreo 859, Montevideo, Uruguay.

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Forthcoming Events

March

12-16. Society of Automotive EngineersDetroit, Mich. (R. W. Crory, SAE, 485Lexington Ave., New York 17)

12-23. International Radio ConsultativeCommittee, Study Group on Space Sys-tems, Washington, D.C. (Palais Wilson,Geneva, Switzerland)

13-14. Packaging of Chemical Products,symp., annual, St. Louis, Mo. (Manufac-turing Chemists' Assoc., 1825 ConnecticutAve., NW, Washington 9)

13-15. Application of Statistics andComputers to Fuels and Lubricants Re-search Programs, symp., San Antonio, Tex.(R. Quillian, Southwest Research Inst.,8500 Culebra Rd., San Antonio 6)

13-15. Electronic Industries Assoc.,Washington, D.C. (Chief of Information,Dept. of the Army, Washington 25)

14-16. National Missiles and SpaceConf., Washington, D.C. (Chief of Infor-mation, Dept. of the Army, Washington25)

15-16. Textile Research Inst., annual,New York, N.Y. (P. C. Alford, TRI,Princeton, N.J.)

15-16. Western Industrial Writing Inst.,7th, Los Angeles, Calif. (R. M. Winters,American Industrial Writing Inst., P.O.Box 5453, Pasadena, Calif.)

15-17. Optical Soc. of America, Wash-ington, D.C. (M. E. Warga, OSA, 116616 St., NW, Washington 6)

15-18. International Assoc. for DentalResearch, St. Louis, Mo. (J. C. Muhler, In-diana Univ. Medical Center, 1120 W.Michigan St., Indianapolis 7)

15-23. American Soc. of Tool Engineers,annual, Detroit, Mich. (H. E. Conrad,ASTE, 10700 Puritan Ave., Detroit 38)

17-18. Etiology of the Neuroses, symp.,Soc. of Medical Psychoanalysts, NewYork, N.Y. (D. B. Friedman, SMP, FifthAve. and 106 St., New York 29)

18-21. American Assoc. of DentalSchools, St. Louis, Mo. (R. Sullens,AADS, 840 N. Lake Shore Dr., Chicago11, Ill.)

18-22. Bilharziasis, symp., Cairo, Egypt'.(A. H. Mousa, Ciba Foundation, 41 Port-land P1., London, W. 1, England)

18-22. International Anesthesia Re-search Soc., Bal Harbour, Fla. (ScientificLiaison Office, Natl. Research Council,Sussex Dr., Ottawa, Ont., Canada)

19-23. International Conf. on Equato-rial Geophysics, Lima, Peru. (J. A.Broggi, Instituto Geofisico de Huancayo,Apdo. 46, Huancayo, Peru)

19-23. National Assoc. of CorrosionEngineers, Kansas City, Mo. (T. J. Hull,NACE, 1061 M&M Building, Houston,Tex.)

20-21. Hypervelocity Techniques, symp.,Denver, Colo. (A. M. Krill, MechanicsDiv., Univ. of Denver Research Inst.,Denver 10)

20-23. American Assoc. of Anatomists,annual, Minneapolis, Minn. (C. B. Heg-gestad, Dept. of Anatomy, Univ. of Min-nesota, Minneapolis 14)

20-23. High-Temperature SolutionChemistry, symp., Washington, D.C. (J.W. Cobble, Purdue Univ., Lafayette, Ind.)

20-23. Institute of Metals, London,SCIENCE, VOL. 135