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August 1 - 7, 2014 Issue #00184

TIDBITS® VISITS

THE SMITHSONIANby Kathy Wolfe

Tidbits is honoring Smithsonian Day on August 10 by bringing you some facts on this institution, home to 137 million artifacts, works of arts, and specimens.

• James Smithson was an English chemist, mineralogist, and Oxford graduate who devoted his life to science, authoring 27 published papers on mineralogy. Although he had never even visited the United States, upon his death in 1829, he left his entire estate “to the United States of America, to found at Washington, under the name of the Smithsonian Institution, an Establishment for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men.”

• Smithson’s bequest was sent to the U.S. in the form of gold sovereigns filling 11 boxes, along with his personal items, scientific papers, minerals, and library. The gold was sent to the U.S. treasury in Philadelphia to be reminted, a total of $508,318.

• Smithson died and was buried in Italy, and the U.S. consulate in Genoa maintained his grave site there until 1903. That year, famous inventor Alexander Graham Bell, who was a regent for the Smithsonian, traveled to Genoa with his wife to have the body exhumed.

turn the page for more!

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SMITHSONIAN (continued):• Bell and his wife accompanied Smithson’s

body across the ocean to the United States, and in January, 1904, the body was escorted through Washington, D.C. by the U.S. Cavalry to Smithson’s final resting place, a crypt on the first floor of the Smithsonian Castle.

• There are 19 different museums and galleries in the Smithsonian complex, including the Air and Space Museum, National Zoological Park, American History Museum, American Indian Museum, National Portrait Gallery, and Natural History Museum. The American History Museum, with over three million artifacts in its collection, contains everything from a piece of Plymouth Rock to the ruby slippers and scarecrow costume from 1939’s The Wizard of Oz. Lewis and Clark’s compass from their 1803 expedition is housed there as well as a section of the first transatlantic telegraph cable, completed in 1866.

• In 1920, Harry Burt started the Good Humor Ice Cream Company and operated a fleet of 12 trucks complete with freezers and bells. His salesmen wore crisp white uniforms and were required to tip their hats to all ladies. The Smithsonian is home to a 1938 Chevrolet Good Humor truck, a valuable piece of American history.

• In February of 1960, four African-American students sat down at a Greensboro, North Carolina Woolworth’s lunch counter, filling seats vacated by white customers. After being refused service, they stayed in their seats, initiating a peaceful sit-in against racial inequality, and launching a pivotal phase of the civil rights movement. A section of that lunch counter, along with four stools, is a popular landmark in the American History Museum.

• One of the most popular exhibits in the Smithsonian is the Star-Spangled Banner flag, also called the Great Garrison flag, which flew over Baltimore’s Fort McHenry during the War of 1812. This flag was the inspiration for Francis Scott Key, who penned the now-famous poem “Defense of Fort McHenry,” which was later set to music, becoming the U.S. national anthem. The flag with its 15 stars and 15 stripes was sewn by a Baltimore woman named Mary Pickergill in 1813 for $405.90. After the war, the banner was in the possession of

the family of Major George Armistead, the commander of the fort, until 1912, when it was donated to the Smithsonian. It has undergone several restorations, the first in 1914 and the most recent, a long-term restoration begun in 1999.

• Pieces from the life of George Washington abound in the Smithsonian, including a wisp of his hair, a brick from his childhood home, a letter hand-written by him in 1785, his uniform from the Revolutionary War, and wood from his coffin. There is also a 12-ton marble statue of the nation’s first president, completed in 1841, sitting atop a granite pedestal. Walk over to the National Portrait Gallery and you can see Gilbert Stuart’s famous painting of Washington, the image we see every day on the dollar bill.

• The world of sports is well-represented at the Smithsonian with a pair of 1823 roller skates, Muhammad Ali’s boxing gloves, Bobby Orr’s hockey gloves, Michael Jordan’s Chicago Bulls jersey, and jockey Steve Cauthen’s horse-racing silks. The speed skates worn by

Olympic gold medalist Apolo Ohno at the 2002 Winter Olympics, Arthur Ashe’s tennis racket, Roger Staubach’s football jersey, and Hank Aaron’s baseball jersey are all part of the collection of 6,000 sports items.

• Over 26,000 square feet of the transportation hall are filled with objects chronicling the nation’s travels, including a railroad car from 1836, a 1903 Winton, which was the first car driven across the United States, and a 40-foot (12.2-m) section of the famous Route 66.

• The green-domed Museum of Natural History opened in 1910, among the first Smithsonian buildings to be constructed. Its area is the size of about 18 football fields and houses fossils, minerals, meteorites, dinosaur skeletons, taxidermy, and sections. The insect exhibit features 30 million creatures pinned into boxes. In the herbarium, 4.5 million plants have been pressed onto sheets of paper.

• The legendary Hope Diamond is a 45.52-carat deep blue diamond, famous for a supposed curse upon its owner, allegedly bringing

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FAMOUS CANADIANS:

JAMES NAISMITHThanks to Canadian-born James Naismith, the world enjoys the popular sport of basketball. Here’s the lowdown on the origins of this sport and its inventor. • A native of Almonte, Ontario, Naismith

studied at Montreal’s McGill University, majoring in physical education. Naismith was a multi-talented athlete, representing his college in football, lacrosse, rugby, soccer, and gymnastics He then earned a diploma from the Presbyterian College in Montreal. Following graduation, he became the physical education teacher at his alma mater McGill University, a post he retained for three years.

• In 1890, Naismith made the move across the border to take a position in Massachusetts at Springfield College, which was the international YMCA training school. During the severe New England winters, students became unruly and restless when confined indoors, and in 1891, Naismith’s supervisor gave him two weeks to come up with an indoor activity that would help athletes stay in shape, while reducing their cabin fever and rambunctious behavior.

• Naismith devised a game using a soccer ball and two peach baskets as goals, with nine players on each team. He named his new

game “Basket Ball,” and went on to establish 13 basic rules. Two years later, the peach baskets were replaced with iron hoops and a hammock-style basket. But it was several years before open-ended nets were used. Prior to that, each time a goal was scored, the ball was manually retrieved from the basket.

• After five years in Springfield, Naismith moved on, back to his studies, receiving his MD in 1898. He took a teaching position at the University of Kansas, where he founded that institution’s Jayhawks basketball program, and was their coach until 1907. It was not Naismith’s intention to establish their sports program. He had planned to teach physical education and act as the chapel director. To Naismith, basketball was just a game, and he actually preferred wrestling and gymnastics, believing they were better forms of physical activity.

• It would be logical to think that a team coached by the inventor of basketball would have an outstanding record. But Naismith was not a competitive type, and he felt the game should be played “for fun and health.” He rarely attended the team’s practices,

and his record of 55-60 reflected his lack of interest. He remains the only losing coach in the history of the Kansas basketball team.

• Yet Naismith saw his invention thrive as basketball became an Olympic demonstration sport in 1904 in St. Louis. It was made an official event at Berlin’s 1936 Summer Olympics, and the 74-year-old Naismith himself handed out the gold medal to the United States’ team, the silver to Canada, and the bronze medal to Mexico. He remarked that seeing the game played by so many nations was the greatest reward he could have received. Little did he know that the game would go on to be played by 300 million people worldwide today.

• Naismith authored two books, A Modern College in 1911 and Essence of a Healthy Life in 1910. He also served for a short time during World War I. He was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame (officially the Naismith Memorial Hall of Fame) in 1959. The facility is located in Springfield, Massachusetts, the site of the game’s invention.

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ROOT BEERSince August 6 is National Root Beer Float Day, it seems like a good time to investigate the origins of this popular beverage. • Root beer was originally a concoction

invented by early native Americans using various plant roots, herbs, and berries, with sassafras as the main ingredient. Depending on the formula, a recipe might include flavors of vanilla, licorice root, sarsaparilla root, nutmeg, ginger, maple, acacia, anise, molasses, cinnamon, clove, and honey. In 1960, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration prohibited the use of sassafras oil after determining it has caused cancer and liver damage in laboratory rats. Root beer producers then switched to artificial sassafras flavorings.

• In 1876, Philadelphia pharmacist Charles Hires launched the brewing of root beer as a commercial venture. Hires was on his honeymoon in a New Jersey hotel when the owner served up an herbal “root tea” to which Hires took an immediate liking. He persuaded his hostess to share her recipe of 16 wild roots, which included juniper, wintergreen, sarsaparilla, hops, and pipsissewa. Back in his pharmacy, Hires blended his own formula, offering a 25-cent packet of powder that customers would mix with water, sugar, and yeast, yielding five gallons of root beer. Shortly afterward, he began bottling extract and syrup concentrate for sale to soda fountains, as well as shipping out the beverage in kegs.

• Hires introduced his beverage

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SMITHSONIAN (continued):tragedy to all who own it or wear it. It’s believed

that King Louis XIV bought the gem in 1668 for his wife Marie Antoinette. The pair were guillotined during the French Revolution. After a series of owners, American heiress Evalyn Walsh McLean brought it to America, and following her death, jeweler Harry Winston bought the diamond. In 1958, Winston chose to donate it to the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, and put the irreplaceable gem in a plain brown wrapper and sent it by registered first-class mail. Insured for $250 million, the Hope Diamond is displayed in its own room behind a 3-inch-thick (76 mm) bulletproof glass.

• Eugene Cernan was the last man to walk on the moon on Dec. 14, 1972. The National Air and Space Museum is home to Cernan’s spacesuit, garb that weighed about 185 lbs. (84 kg) on Earth. Visitors to this museum can also see a lunar roving vehicle, Saturn V rockets, Charles Lindbergh memorabilia, and the B-29 Superfortress, the Enola Gay.

to the public at the Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition, giving away free samples. In his first year of production, he sold 864 bottles of extract. By 1891, that number was two million. He began selling bottled carbonated root beer two years later.

• Many pharmacists of Hires’ day believed that root beer had health benefits, and Hires himself claimed that it purified the blood and made for rosy cheeks.

• Hires believed in widely and aggressively advertising his product, stating, “Doing business without advertising is like winking at a girl in the dark. You know what you are doing, but nobody else does!”

• In 1919, when soldiers were returning home from World War I, a California entrepreneur named Roy Allen was looking for a way to honor them. He mixed up a formula for root beer he had purchased from an Arizona pharmacist and sold it on a street corner for a nickel a mug. The beverage was so popular that before long, Allen had expanded to four sites, which eventually evolved

into drive-ins. In 1925, he took on one of his employees Frank Wright as a partner and the pair began offering franchises under the name A&W. Eight years later there were 170 drive-ins. The company is the oldest franchise restaurant in the country and currently has over 1,100 locations in 10 countries.

• A&W continues to honor soldiers on Root Beer Float Day by giving away thousands of floats. The company requests donations on that day for the treats, with all proceeds given to benefit the Wounded Warrior Project for injured service members. Donations topped $100,000 in 2013.

• Ely Klapman and Barney Berns teamed up in 1937 in Klapman’s Chicago basement to create Dad’s Old Fashioned Root Beer, named in honor of Klapman’s father. Dad’s, still in production today, was the first product to offer a six-pack packaging and the half-gallon bottle.

Page 6 TidbitsVernon.com Cosita Publishing For Advertising Call (250) 832-3361

Canadian Tid-bitsDEAR PAW’S CORNER: We’re planning to drive across the country and want to bring along our dogs, “Trudy” and “Jake.” We’ve never done a trip like this before, though, and I hear that there are not many pet-friendly hotels or campsites. Is that true?

DEAR CARL: Actually, the number of pet-friendly accommodations in the United States is increasing, with even some high-end hotels offering pet perks such as rooms customized with sleeping areas, and food and water dishes. Many campgrounds allow dogs, as long as they are leashed and do not disturb other campers. A number of books and websites are available that list pet-friendly places. Check out BringFido.com to search for places to stay during your trip.For a cross-country drive, plan your route based on those pet-friendly accommodations. How long do you plan to drive each day? Will you be stopping to sightsee? Are there times when you have to be dog-free (such as going out for a nice dinner), and need to keep them in a safe place like a day kennel?You’ll also need to keep the dogs safe while in the vehicle, so look into purchasing either dog restraints (sort of a seat belt for dogs of different sizes) or sturdy carriers, or both. Remember to never let the dogs sit alone in the car, even with the windows down -- it’s incredibly dangerous.If you have time before the big drive, try taking the dogs on a long one-day drive or an overnight trip, so both you and they get used to the idea of traveling some distance.With some careful planning, you can bring your dogs along and have a very enjoyable, safe trip.

• Potato salad will have more flavor if you whisk together all the dressing ingredients and add it to the potatoes when they are warm. The potatoes will absorb the ingredients better, and the flavor will develop even more during refrigeration.

• Dill planted near tomatoes will draw caterpillars away from the fruits. And it’s delicious.

• “I love to grill, and when it’s nice out, we grill every weekend. I always put on extra and use the leftovers through the week. Chicken in salad, a nice flank steak for fajitas, etc. And it means less cooking for me!” -- Y.L. in Maryland

• Here’s a great recipe for an icy treat: Freeze orange juice or apple juice in ice trays. Throw a handful in the blender for a fruit slush that can’t be beat on a hot day.

• “A lot of smoke was coming off our grill, and our patio doors were wide open. Long story short: It swamped the living room with smoke. The smell was a little overwhelming. After we closed the door, my neighbor doused a kitchen towel with white vinegar, wrung it out and waved it around the room. It cleared out the smoke smell right away, and the vinegar smell went away just as quickly. What a miracle!” -- F.F. in South Carolina

• Rubbing alcohol can be used to remove ballpoint-pen ink from most upholstery.

▶ Snow fleas have 16 eyes. Snow fleas are not fleas at all, but actually a springtail.

▶ What percent of Kootenay National Park burned in the 2003 fires? 12 percent, making it one of Western Canada’s most significant fires.

▶ At the time it was built, the Connaught Tunnel near Revelstokewas the longest railway tunnel in North America at just over 8 km (5 mi) long. It was named for the Governor General of Canada–the Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught–who in turn was named after the province of Connaught in Ireland.

▶ As a child, singer Gordon Lightfoot was a trained boy soprano who appeared periodically on local radio in the Orillia area, performed in local operettas and oratorios, and gained exposure through various music festivals. He was twelve when he made his first appearance at Massey Hall in Toronto, after winning a competition for boys whose voices had not yet changed.

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The Inaugural 2014 Okanagan Musical Extravaganza The Okanagan Military Tattoo

2014 A Celebration of TraditionsFriday, August 1, 2014 from 7pm and Saturday, August 2, 2014 from 2pm at Kal Tire Place, 3310-37 Avenue, Vernon. The one your father warned you about, and the one with dozens of dancers, drums, bands, bagpipes and kilts all on a single stage. A musical tattoo is a demonstration of military drumming, piping and skills. It’s called a ‘tattoo’ because when the British Army was fighting in Belgium 300 years ago, soldiers were called in from the pubs each night for curfew, or Doe den tap toe, Dutch for ‘Turn off the tap’.The expression evolved-to tap-too and then tattoo: an exhilarating showcase of military bands, choirs and skills as well as the sounds and dances of today’s finest performers from around the world. The inaugural 2014 Okanagan Tattoo Musical Extravaganza - A Celebration of Traditions, was the brainchild of a few valley pipers who thought Vernon would be the perfect place for a tattoo Cost: Premium Sec H J K - $45 Adult Sec B-G & L-R - $30 Senior Sec B-G & L-R - $25 Veterans or Groups - $25 Family of 4 - $67Ticketing and/or registration: Call Ticket Seller at 549-SHOW (7469) for tickets or check website below. http://www.ticketseller.ca/692

Teddy Bear Picnic Sunday, August 3, 2014 from 11:45am to 3pm at Silver Star Mountain, 123 Shortt Street, Vernon. Today is the day that the Teddy Bears have their picnic. Bring your favourite Teddy Bear up to Silver Star today for a scenic chairlift ride and picnic at the top of the mountain. Kids ride the chairlift free when accompanied by a full paying adult and Silver Star will supply some juice, a cookie and some fruit for your picnic. You will join the mascot Silver Fox for your ride to the top of the mountain starting at noon. Don’t forget your Teddy Bear! Call (250)558-6051 for more information events@skisilverstar.comhttp://summer.skisilverstar.com/s/events/teddy-bear-picnic

Funny Business Tuesday, August 5, 2014 from 12am at Okanagan Regional Library, 2800 30th Ave, Vernon. Professional magician Leif David will wow kids ages 5-7. http://vernonlibrarykids.wordpress.com/su

Summer Sky Planetarium Shows Wednesday, August 6, 2014 from 3:30pm at Okanagan Science Centre, 2704 Hwy 6, Vernon. Cost: Members: Free For more info: info@okscience.ca www.okscience.ca

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