vegetable crops –plsc 451/551 lesson 1, intro, population · vegetable crops –plsc 451/551...

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Vegetable Crops –PLSC 451/551Lesson 1, Intro, Population

Instructor:Dr. Stephen L. LoveAberdeen R & E Center1693 S 2700 WAberdeen, ID 83210Phone: 397-4181 Fax: 397-4311Email: [email protected]

Vegetable Crops –PLSC 451/551

ObjectivesAppreciate importance of vegetable industryImprove knowledge of vegetable crop systemsImprove knowledge of vegetable crop systems

historyclassificationculture and productionhandling and marketing

Think critically of crop requirements


Text Book:World Vegetables: Principles, Production, and Nutritive Values2nd Edition.

Vincent E. RubatzkyMas Yamaguchi

1997 or 2007, Chapman and Hall

ISBN: 0-412-11221-3 (1997)

ISBN: 0-834-21867-6 (2007)

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Veg Crops web site:Course syllabus (keep it handy)Supplemental reading assignmentsSupplemental reading assignmentsCourse lecture notesLecture PowerPoint files

Site address: http://courses.cals.uidaho.edu/plsc451/This course will not use UI BbLearn


Other Reading:Other textbook chaptersCrop production guidesCrop production guidesHandling and marketing information

Posted on the Veg Crops web site at least 1 week prior to discussion.


Exams:1 hour, 15 minute exam periodCombination of:Combination of:

True/FalseMultiple choiceCritical essay

Final exam partly comprehensive

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Term Paper/Presentation:Pick a minor vegetable cropC l d i liComplete and turn in a report outlineComplete a written term paper(6-10 pages, dbl spaced plus references)

Complete a presentation (10 minutes)


Term Paper/Presentation:Grade Breakdown:

Outline – 2 points

Completed paper – 9 points

Presentation – 9 points


Term Paper/Presentation Content:TaxonomyUse and importanceUse and importancePropagationProduction and Pest Control Post-harvest handlingMarketingRecipes (optional)

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Term Paper/Presentation:Examples of minor vegetables: (see text)

Amaranth Amaranthus tricolorAmaranth Amaranthus tricolorAsparagus Asparagus officianalisCardoon Cynara cardunculusChervil Anthriscus cerefoliumChoyote Sechium eduleCowpea Vigna sinensis


Examples of minor vegetables:Fennel Foeniculum vulgare

Gherkin Cucumis anguiraGherkin Cucumis anguira

Ground cherryPhysalis pubescens

Jackfruit Artocarpus heterophyllus

Martynia Proboscidea lousiana

Okra Hibiscus esculentus


Examples of minor of vegetables:Parsnip Pastinaca sativaPeanut Arachis hypogaeayp gPlantain Musa paradisiacaRhubarb Rheum rhaponticumRutabaga Brassica campestrisSalsify Tragopogon porrifolius

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Examples of minor vegetables:

Seakale Cramb maritima

Sorrel Rumex acetosaSorrel Rumex acetosa

Swiss chard Beta vulgaris var. cicla

Taro Colocasia esculenta

Watercress Rorippa nasturtium

Other minor succulent or spice crops


Group Project:Work in groups of 4 (3-5) peopleChoose a major vegetable crop (from approved list)Choose a major vegetable crop (from approved list)Contrast 3 production systems

TraditionalOrganicSubsistence

Meet at least 4 times (keep a log of activities)Present written and oral report of findings


Approved list of Group Project crops:

White potato Solanum tuberosum

Sweet potatoes Ipomoea batatas

Sweet corn ZSweet corn Zea mays

Onions Allium cepa

Cabbage Brassica oleracea

Tomato Lycopersicon lycopersicum

Pepper Capsicum annuum

Melon (cantaloupe) Cucumis melo

Carrot Daucus carota

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Reading Assignments/Log:Reading assignments completed before each lectureKeep a reading log (electronic or handwritten):Keep a reading log (electronic or handwritten):

Record dateWrite 2-3 paragraphs summarizing informationWrite statement of one newly discovered concept

Submit reading log at the end of the semester

*2 randomly chosen people will read logs each week


Grading Rubric:2 interim exams (15 points each)Final exam (20 points)( p )Term paper/presentation (20 points)Group activity(15 points)Reading log (15 points)

Common grading (90+ A, 80-90 B, etc)PLSC551 scoring adjusted for graduate project


Course Schedule (subject to change)Exam 1 – Sept 19Term paper topic due – Sept 26 Term paper outline due – Oct 10 Exam 2 – Oct 22Group project report due – Oct 31Written term papers due – Nov 14Presentations – Nov 28, Dec 3, 5Final Exam – Dec 11 (UI), Dec 14 (WSU)

No class Sep 3, Nov 19, 21 (Arrangements for WSU Nov 12)

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Graduate Course Credit (PLSC551)Additional Project

Visit an operating greenhouse facilityC l t t th d dComplete a report on the crops produced, production practices, marketing strategies, etc.

Grading will be adjusted: interim exams 12 points, final exam 17 points, term paper 17 points, graduate project 20 points, group activity 11 points, and reading log 11 points.

Vegetable Crops - definition

Webster’s definition of vegetable

“A herbaceous plant cultivated for food theA herbaceous plant cultivated for food, the edible part or parts of such plants”

Vegetable Crops - definition

Are Not:Cereal cropsSugar cropsPulse cropsWoody fruit crops

Are:Almost everything else90+ economically important crops of various types and species

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Vegetable Crops – other features

Generally cultured as annuals

Mostly propagated from seed

Many are insect pollinatedMany are insect pollinated

Highly variable in climate and environment

Most require intensive management

Production acreage is usually small

All are very important in the human diet

Vegetable Crops – PlSc 451/551

WHY are we studying vegetable crops?

Nutrition

Because they are critical to betterment of the human condition

Nutrition

Diet diversification

Food security

Questions for Discussion

What is projected for human population in the future?

How will we feed all of these people?

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Human Population Growth

Thomas Malthus’, An Essay on the Principle of Population:

Geometric expansion of people

1x – 2x – 4x – 8x – 16x etc…

Linear increase in food supply

1 – 2 - 3 – 4 – 5 – 6 – 7…

Human Population

Feeding the hungry masses

North Korea (2 million deaths)

Many areas of Africa

Afghanistan

One person in seven is chronically underfed

Human Population Growth - Factors

Dependable food production, transportation

Rising incomesg

Improved housing and hygiene

Medical advances

Life expectancy in 1900: 47 yearsin 1998: 75 years

http://www.un.org/

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Page 7, Fig 1.7, Chrispeels and Sadava. Plant, Genes and Crop Biotechnology. 2nd Ed.




In the last half of the previous century:


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Fertility will continue to decline to replacement in 2050

UN Population Division predicts:

replacement in 2050

Life expectancy will continue to improve (HIV?)

Overall population will level off at 10.5 billion people by 2150.

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Migration:The U.S. receives over 1 million immigrants a yearg y

Europe migrants from North Africa and Middle East

From southern and eastern Europe to the western European nations


Migration: within countries common

In developing nations in 1850, p g ,11% of the population lived in the cities

Currently, 84% of the population lives in urban areas


How do we increase food supply to match increasing populations?

Increase amount of land in production.

Increase the productivity of land already in use.

Sustainability issues (Earth Summit II)

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Importance to a class in Vegetable Crops?

Caloric needs versus Nutritional needs

There is a shortage of food materialsThere is a shortage of food materials (fruits and veggies, tubers, root crops, nuts),which are the most important plant foods to supply humans with many of their nutritional needs:

minerals, vitamins, proteins, starches, fats, and sugars.

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“If the global community continues to work together to find ways to increase agricultural productivity and income sustainability it will be ableproductivity and income sustainability, it will be able to meet the challenges of a growing world population while providing better, healthier life for all the world's citizens. Better agriculture unleashes economic growth, raises incomes and leads to smaller families.”

Lisa Rao – Calypso Log

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