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Bibliographic Guides

Vedic Texts:

English Translations of theSahits, Brhmaas,rayakas, and Upaniads

Eastern Tradition Research Institute


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Eastern Tradition Research Institutes Bibliographic Guidesarecompiled and annotated by David Reigle, in collaboration withNancy Reigle, who are solely responsible for their content.

CONTENTS

Introduction ................................................................................. 3Outline of the Vedic Texts ......................................................... 6Sahits

gveda ..................................................................................... 7Yajurveda .............................................................................. 11Smaveda .............................................................................. 13Atharvaveda .......................................................................... 14

Brhmaas

of the gveda ........................................................................ 16of the Yajurveda ................................................................... 16of the Smaveda ................................................................... 17of the Atharvaveda................................................................ 17

firayakasof the gveda ........................................................................ 18of the Yajurveda ................................................................... 18

Upaniadsthe 108 ................................................................................... 19full bibliographic listing ........................................................ 29

Suggested Selections ................................................................. 33

2006 Eastern Tradition Research InstituteCotopaxi, Colorado, U.S.A.(This is a slightly revised version of the 1993 edition publishedby Eastern School Press. Thus, its data is current only through1993. A few important updates, pertaining to asterisked items onpp. 10, 12, 16, and 29, have been given in an addenda.)


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INTRODUCTION

While civilizations rose and fell, cities were built and thencrumbled to dust, one monument endured unchanged. It wasnot built of stone, but of sound. For more than three thousandyears, and perhaps considerably more, the Vedas have beendaily recited in India. Throughout these millenniums the Vedashave been passed orally from generation to generation. Theyhave been preserved through memorization so meticulously

that when Western scholars began investigating the Vedas in the1800s, it was found that the same gveda, a large work of overten thousand Sanskrit verses, was recited without variants in alldifferent parts of India, from north to south, from east to west.This was despite fundamental differences in the native languagespoken from one region to another, from Indo-European lan-guages in the north to the widely different Dravidian languagesin the south. Coming down to us virtually unchanged from such

a remote antiquity, they hold a unique interest for the scholar inthe fields of history, religion, linguistics, culture, etc. But formany Indians, they hold a unique interest for another reason.

Why is it that such elaborate care was given to the accuratetransmission of the Vedas, something unprecedented anywhereelse in the world? It is because the Vedas are believed by Indiantradition to be an actual part of the eternal song of nature, which

was seen and heard by ancient Seers, and thus to embody thecosmic order, the laws of nature. Sound is believed to be whatmanifested the worlds, and what now sustains them. Throughthe power of sound, the recitation of the Vedas is thought toperpetuate the cosmic order. Any mistake in their recitationcould lead to serious consequences to the world, and this is whythey were memorized so carefully.

So for many Indians the Vedas are sounds, mantras, whose

effectiveness is not dependent on meaning, and they haveconsequently paid little attention to meaning. Western scholars,on the other hand, have disregarded the sound aspect and havefocussed on the meaning, interpreted from their point of viewthat the Vedas have come down to us from a primitive past.According to Indian tradition, however, the age of the Vedic


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4 Vedic Texts: English

Seers, or Rishis, was a golden age. This tradition, in agreementwith other traditions around the world, holds that humanity hassince entered a dark age and lost much of its spiritual wisdom.The Vedas, then, are here seen to have come down to us from amore enlightened age. As such, they would contain wisdom ofbenefit to humanity today, provided we can access it.

The key to the wisdom of the Vedas, according to PanditMadhusudan Ojha, is the language of symbolism, taken forgranted in Kta Yuga, the Golden Age, but long since ceased

being understood. Madhusudan Ojha (1866-1939), Raja Panditof Jaipur, wrote over one hundred books in Sanskrit, attemptingto restore this lost understanding of the language of symbolism,showing that the Vedic texts are filled with doctrines pertainingto universally applicable natural law. So, in agreement withtradition that the Vedas embody the cosmic order (ta), not onlydoes the recitation of the Vedas sustain the cosmic order, butalso the understanding of the Vedas explains the laws of that

cosmic order. This tradition of Vedic interpretation has beenexpounded in English by Vasudeva S. Agrawala. The basis ofthis language of symbolism is not arbitrarily chosen meanings,but definitions found in the Vedic texts themselves. Further, thislanguage of symbolism is found to be consistent throughout theVedic texts.

The Vedic texts, the sahits, brhmaas, rayakas, and

upaniads, together comprise the ruti, that which was heard,heard by the ancient Rishis. The sahitsare the basic texts,the Vedas themselves, the mantraswhose recitation is thoughtto sustain the cosmic order. The brhmaas explain how toperform the yajas, or sacrifices, which are enjoined in thesahits. The rayakas, or forest treatises, give symbolic inter-pretations of the yajas. The upaniadsdeal with the wisdom(jna) leading to liberation (moka), and thus have formed the

basis of an independent system, or darana, called Vednta, theculmination of the Vedas.

These four types of Vedic text are said to correspond to thefour stages, or ramas, into which life was traditionally divided.The first or student stage is when the sahitsare memorizedfor recitation; the second or householder stage is when the


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yajasor sacrifices are performed according to the instructionsof the brhmaas; the third or forest-dweller stage is when theinner significance of theyajasis contemplated according to theinstructions of the rayakas; the fourth or renunciate stage iswhen only the wisdom leading to liberation is sought accordingto the instructions of the upaniads.

Among the Vedic texts the gveda(Sahit) is central. Asthe brhmaas, rayakas, and upaniadsdepend upon thesahits, so the Yajurveda, Smaveda, and Atharvavedade-

pend upon the gveda. The schools of Vedic interpretation maythus be delineated in relation to the gveda. For this reason, thegvedatranslations listed herein have been annotated at length,including notes on other important lines of interpretation, whilethe remaining Vedic texts have little or no annotations.

This bibliographic guide lists complete English translations,and partial English translations where no complete ones exist.For the sahits, brhmaas, and rayakasit attempts to be

comprehensive, omitting only a few items. The major upaniadshave been translated many times, so only selected translationsare given for these, leaving out some well-known older onessuch as by F. Max Mller and by Robert Ernest Hume. Thelistings for the minor upaniadsare fairly comprehensive as topublished books, but journals have not been utilized. The 108upaniadstraditionally accepted as authentic have been listed in

the order given them in the Muktik Upaniad. Each upaniad,as well as each brhmaaand rayaka, belongs to one of theVedas, so that the corpus of a Veda consists of its sahitandits associated brhmaa, rayaka, and upaniads. The Vedato which each upaniad belongs is specified in the MuktikUpaniad, and is listed here from this source. Note that someupaniads, such as the Maitrya (#24), are attributed to adifferent Veda by other sources. Each Veda also has branches

(kh-s), or lineages in which specific recensions of these textswere handed down, here listed for the sahits.

We have tried to make this guide both accessible to thosewho know little about the Vedas and useful to the specialist. Acorresponding bibliographic guide to Sanskrit editions of theVedic texts will follow.

Introduction


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OUTLINE OF THE VEDIC TEXTSI. Sahits

1. gveda Sahit, kala kh2. ukla Yajurveda Sahit (Vjasaneyi Sahit), Kva kh3. ukla Yajurveda Sahit (Vjasaneyi Sahit), Mdhyandina kh4. Ka Yajurveda Sahit, Taittirya kh5. Ka Yajurveda Sahit, Maitrya kh6. Ka Yajurveda Sahit, Khaka kh7. Ka Yajurveda Sahit, Kapihala kh

8. Smaveda Sahit, Kauthuma/Ryanya Skhs9. Smaveda Sahit, Jaiminya kh10. Atharvaveda Sahit, aunakya kh11. Atharvaveda Sahit, Paippalda kh

II. Brhmaas1. Aitareya Brhmaa of the gveda2. Kautaki or khyana Brhmaa of the gveda3. atapatha Brhmaa of the ukla Yajurveda, Kva kh

4. atapatha Brhmaa of the ukla Yajurveda, Mdhyandina kh5. Taittirya Brhmaa of the Ka Yajurveda6. Tyamah- or Pacavia Brhmaa of the Smaveda7. avia Brhmaa of the Smaveda8. Smavidhna Brhmaa of the Smaveda9. fireya Brhmaa of the Smaveda10. Devatdhyya or Daivata Brhmaa of the Smaveda

11. Mantra or Chndogya Brhmaa of the Smaveda12. Sahitopaniad Brhmaa of the Smaveda13. Vaa Brhmaa of the Smaveda14. Jaiminya Brhmaa of the Smaveda15. Jaiminya fireya Brhmaa of the Smaveda16. Jaiminya Upaniad Brhmaa of the Smaveda17. Gopatha Brhmaa of the Atharvaveda

III. firayakas

1. Aitareya firayaka of the gveda2. Kautaki or khyana firayaka of the gveda3. Taittirya firayaka of the Ka Yajurveda4. Maitryaya firayaka of the Ka Yajurveda

IV. UpaniadsThe 108


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I. Sahits

1. gveda Sahit, kala khRig-Veda Sanhita, trans. H. H. Wilson. 6 vols., London,

1850-88; reprint, 7 vols. (original vol. 3 divided into twovolumes, 3 & 4), New Delhi: Cosmo Publications, 1977.

The Hymns of the gveda, trans. Ralph T. H. Griffith.4 vols., Benares, 1889-92; 2nd ed., 2 vols., 1896-97; 3rded., 2 vols., 1920-26; 4th ed., 2 vols., 1963, Chowkhamba

Sanskrit Studies, vol. 35; new revised ed., 1 vol., Delhi:Motilal Banarsidass, 1973, reprinted 1976, etc.gveda Samhit, trans. Svami Satya Prakash Sarasvati and

Satyakam Vidyalankar. 13 vols. in 12 bindings, NewDelhi: Veda Pratishthana, 1977-87.

For nearly a century the only complete English translationsof the gveda were those of Wilson (pub. 1850-88) andGriffith (pub. 1889-92). Western scholars consider them dated

in certain ways, so generally utilize the complete Germantranslation by Karl Geldner (pub. 1951-57), or the almostcomplete French translation by Louis Renou (pub. 1955-69). At present, Stanley Insler of Yale University is completinga new English translation which is likely to become thestandard translation used by western scholars. In the mid-1970s, approximately coinciding with the centenary of the

Arya Samaj, two translations following the line of interpreta-tion advocated by its founder, Swami Dayananda Saraswati,began coming out: the Satya Prakash/Vidyalankar translationwas completed in 1987, while the Dharma Deva translation(see below) remains incomplete. These differ markedly fromthe other translations mentioned above. Similarly, the incom-plete translation of T. V. Kapali Sastry differs markedly fromother translations, following the line of esoteric interpretation

advocated by Sri Aurobindo, another pioneer of modernVedic exegesis. It is important to note here, however, thatthe comparatively literal translations of Wilson and Griffith(largely following Syaas gloss), are adequate for purposesof being read symbolically, as advocated by Vasudeva S.Agrawala, allowing several lines of interpretation.

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Wilsons translation is based on the interpretation given bySyaa, the most famous, perhaps because the most prolific,commentator on the Vedic literature. Syaa, assisted by agroup of pandits, wrote commentaries on most of the Vedictexts. These commentaries follow a ritualistic line of interpre-tation, in which sacrifices, including animal sacrifices, are tobe performed according to the literal prescriptions of theVedas, for worldly benefits and for attaining heaven. At thebeginning of each hymn, Syaa lists the Seer (i) who

saw and recorded it, the deity (devat) to whom it isaddressed, its meter (chanda), and its specific application(viniyoga) in sacrificial rituals. Wilson includes in his transla-tion the first three of these, considered indispensible byIndian tradition, while Griffith gives only the deity, and onlyin part. Although the Vedas are the most ancient firyan litera-ture known, which even according to the most conservativescholar dates from around 1000 B.C.E., Syaas commentary

dates only from the fourteenth century C.E. Other extantcommentaries on individual Vedic texts are not much older.We here note a tradition from The Secret Doctrine, by H. P.Blavatsky (see its Introductory, page xxiii and following),that a number of commentaries were withdrawn from publiccirculation at around this time. Because Syaas commentaryis so late in comparison to the Vedas, German scholars in the

1800s sought other methods of Vedic interpretation, primarilycomparative philology. In India, Swami Dayananda Saraswatiand Sri Aurobindo independently broke with tradition andrejected the authority of Syaa.

Griffiths translation is largely based on Syaas commen-tary, but also utilizes the results of comparative philology, etc.Unlike Wilsons, which is more a translation of Syaas para-phrase, Griffiths is a translation of the gvedaitself. It is the

most literal of the existing English translations. It is alsometrical, attempting to imitate the meters that it translates.Because of the great importance that Indian traditionattributes to meter, especially to the seven primary Vedicmeters, matching metrical translations are increasingly seenas a desideratum by modern translators. This sometimes


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results in stilted English used to make meter, and Griffithstranslation has been criticized as being unreadable. I wouldpoint out that the gveda in the original archaic VedicSanskrit is similarly unreadable to modern pandits. The 1973one-volume edition of Griffiths translation certainly makes itthe most convenient translation available.

Svami Satya Prakash Sarasvati/Satyakam Vidyalankarstranslation follows the Arya Samaj tradition founded bySwami Dayananda Saraswati last century, as does Acharya

Dharma Devas incomplete translation. This line of interpreta-tion rejects Syaa altogether, and utilizes instead the muchmore ancient Nirukta, written by Yska at least 600 B.C.E. TheNirukta is one of the six Vedgas, or limbs of the Vedas,subjects deemed essential for correct use of the Vedas. Theseare: phonetics (ik), grammar (vykaraa), etymology(nirukta), meter (chanda), ritual (kalpa), and astronomy(jyotia). The Niruktagives etymological interpretations of a

list of words called Nighau. Unfortunately, this list of wordsdoes not contain anywhere near all the Vedic vocabulary. Itnonetheless forms the basis for the type of interpretation fol-lowed in the Arya Samaj tradition. The distinguishing featureof this tradition is a monotheistic viewpoint, in which theVedas are the word of God, and are translated in a manner toinculcate love, dedication and devotion to our Lord. Thus

Agni, Indra, Mitra, Varua, etc., are seen as various names ofthe one God, and are all translated as God, without distinc-tion. This, of course, detracts from the usefulness of thetranslation for non- Arya Samajists. Nonetheless, the extensivenotes in the Satya Prakash/Vidyalankar translation, utilizingthe Nirukta, the Udi Koa, Dayananda Saraswatis commen-tary, and others including Sri Aurobindo, make it valuableto all Vedic researchers. This translation also includes the

accented Sanskrit text in attractive devangarscript, as well asin Theodor Aufrechts roman transliteration. The incompletetranslation by Acharya Dharma Deva Vidya Martanda, entitledThe Rigveda, includes Dayananda Saraswatis commentary inEnglish translation (New Delhi: Sarvadeshik Arya PratinidhiSabha, 5 vols., 1974-89, through maala6, skta75).

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Though there is no complete translation following the lineof interpretation advocated by Sri Aurobindo,* this approachis too important to be left unnoticed. Sri Aurobindo first startedreading the gveda while in prison for political agitation,noting later that he was glad he did not have there Syaascommentary to influence him. He found that the mantras ofthe Veda illuminated with a clear and exact light psycho-logical experiences of my own for which I had found nosufficient explanation, either in European psychology or in

the teachings of the Yoga or of the Vedanta. His discoveryof a considerable body of profound psychological thoughtand experience lying neglected in these ancient hymns ledto an esoteric line of interpretation. This approach is based onthe conclusion that the gveda is a document of esotericwisdom kept under the seal of symbolism. The esoteric in-terpretation advocated by Sri Aurobindo is in terms of humanpsychology, i.e., it provides a psychological key to the sym-

bolism of the Vedas. For example, Agni is seen as the divinewill-force. This is laid out in his book, The Secret of the Veda, which includes translations of selected hymns and com-mentary. A collection of the hymns addressed to Agni fromthroughout the gveda, translated by Sri Aurobindo, is foundin his Hymns to the Mystic Fire. A Sanskrit commentary on thegvedaemploying his esoteric interpretation was undertaken

by T. V. Kapali Sastry, two volumes of which, covering theintroduction and first 32 hymns, have been published withEnglish translation under the title, Rigveda Samhita.

As stated in our introduction, there is a tradition of Vedicinterpretation employing the language of symbolism, whichallows several different lines of interpretation at once. It canbe used with existing translations of the Vedic texts, says itsexponent in the English language, Vasudeva S. Agrawala:

They [the translations of Griffith and Wilson] show that ininterpreting the Vedic hymns one need not much depart fromthe meanings given by earlier scholars, but what is essential isto approach the problem from a different stand-point.TheThousand-Syllabled Speech [Being a Study in Cosmic Symbol-ism in its Vedic Version] vol. I. Vision in Long Darkness, p. ix.


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The meaning of the Mantras of the ig Veda is a themewhich has engaged the attention of scholars in the east andthe west. There is hardly much to differ with respect to theliteral translation and therefore, I have accepted the poeticalrenderings of Macdonell and Griffith. But the real problem of Vedic meaning begins after the translation is understood,the text remaining unexplained.Chhandasvat Vk (SelectVedic Mantras), p. (4). The first book cited is a translationand exposition ofgveda1.164; the second is a selection of

Vedic hymns translated by Arthur A. Macdonell and Griffith,with a 20-page preface by Agrawala. Other books by him areSparks from the Vedic Fire [A New Approach to Vedic Symbol-ism], Vedic Lectures [Proceedings of the Summer School ofVedic Studies]from Banaras Hindu University, and Hymn ofCreation, a commentary on gveda10.129.

Finally, we give below for sake of comparison the sameverse, 1.1.1, in the three different translations:

I glorify Agni, the high priest of the sacrifice, the divine,the ministrant, who presents the oblation (to the gods), and isthe possessor of great wealth.Wilson.

I laud Agni, the chosen Priest, God, minister of sacrifice,The hotar, lavishest of wealth.Griffith.

We worship the adorable God, the high priest of cosmicactivities, the divine, the one who works through the eternal

laws, and who feeds and sustains all that is divine andluminous.Satya Prakash and Vidyalankar.2. ukla Yajurveda Sahit (Vjasaneyi Sahit), Kva kh

No English translation; differs little from Mdhyandina.3. ukla Yajurveda Sahit (Vjasaneyi Sahit), Mdhyandina

khThe Texts of the White Yajurveda, trans. Ralph T. H.

Griffith. Benares: E. J. Lazarus & Co., 1899; 2nd ed. 1927;

3rd ed. 1957. Follows Mahdharas commentary.The Yajurveda, trans. Devi Chand. 1959; 2nd ed. 1965;

3rd ed., New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal, 1980; NewDelhi: Sarvadeshik Arya Pratinidhi Sabha, [1992]. Basedon Dayananda Saraswatis monotheistic interpretation;includes unaccented Sanskrit text in devangarscript.

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Yajurveda Sahit, trans. Svami Satya Prakash Sarasvatiand Udaya Vir Viraj. 3 vols., New Delhi: VedaPratishthana, 1989-96. Based on Dayananda Saraswatismonotheistic interpretation; includes accented Sanskrittext in devangarscript, and unaccented Sanskrit textin roman transliteration.

Here is 1.1 in the three translations for comparison:Thee for food. Thee for vigour. Ye are breezes. To noblest

work God Savitar impel you. Inviolable! swell his share for

Indra. No thief, no evil-minded man shall master you rich inoffspring, free from pain and sickness, Be constant, numer-ous to this lord of cattle. Guard thou the cattle of theSacrificer.Griffith.

O Lord, we resort to Thee for the supply of foodstuffs and vigour. May the Creator, the fountain of happiness andknowledge, inspire us for the performance of noblest deedswith our organs. May the cows, which should never be killed,

be healthy and strong. For the attainment of prosperity andwealth, may the cows be full of calves, free from consump-tion and other diseases. May a thief and a sinner be neverborn amongst us. May the lord of land and cattle be in con-stant and full possession of these. May Ye protect the cattle,wealth and progeny of the virtuous soul!Devi Chand.

We invoke you O Lord, for food. We invoke you for

vigour. You are the vital breaths. May the creator Lord deputeyou, O sacrificers, to the noblest accomplishments. O cows,may you flourish with the blessings of the resplendent Lord.May you be free from disease and consumption and beargood progeny. May no thief nor a slaughterer be in posses-sion of you. May you permanently multiply in large numbersin the house of the master of cattle. O Lord, preserve thecattle of the sacrificer.Satya Prakash and Udaya Vir Viraj.

4. Ka Yajurveda Sahit, Taittirya kh*The Veda of the Black Yajus School entitled Taittiriya

Sanhita, trans. Arthur Berriedale Keith. 1914, HarvardOriental Series, vols. 18 & 19; reprint, Delhi: MotilalBanarsidass, 1967, etc. Literal translation, mundane lineof interpretation; uses biblical English, as in 1.1.1:


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For food thee, for strength thee! Ye are winds, ye are ap-proachers. Let the god Savit impel you to the most excellentoffering. O invincible ones, swell with the share for the gods,Full of strength, of milk, rich in offspring, free from sickness,from disease. Let no thief, no evil worker, have control overyou. Let Rudras dart avoid you. Abide ye, numerous, withthis lord of cattle. Do thou protect the cattle of the sacrificer.

5. Ka Yajurveda Sahit, Maitrya khNo English translation.

6. Ka Yajurveda Sahit, Khaka khNo English translation.7. Ka Yajurveda Sahit, Kapihala kh

No English translation.8. Smaveda Sahit, Kauthuma/Ryanya Skhs

Translation of the Sanhit of the Sma Veda, trans. Rev. J.Stevenson. London: 1842; reprint, Calcutta: 1906; reprint,Varanasi: Indological Book House, 1961. Follows

Syaas paraphrase.The Hymns of the Smaveda, trans. Ralph T. H. Griffith.

Benares: 1893; 2nd ed., 1907; 4th ed., Varanasi:Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office, 1963. FollowsSyaas commentary.

The Smaveda, trans. Devi Chand. 1963; 2nd rev. and enl.ed., New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal, 1981. Based on

Dayananda Saraswatis monotheistic interpretation;includes unaccented Sanskrit text in devangarscript.The Hymns of the Sama Veda Sanhita, trans. Acharya

Dharma Deva. 1967; reprint, New Delhi: SarvadeshikArya Pratinidhi Sabha, [1985]. Based on DayanandaSaraswatis monotheistic interpretation; includesaccented Sanskrit text in devangarscript.

Sma Veda, trans. S. V. Ganapati, Madras: S. V. Ganapati:

1982. Highly interpretive psychological translation,different from Aurobindos psychological interpretation;includes unaccented Sanskrit text in devangarscript.

Smaveda Samhit, trans. Svami Satya Prakash Sarasvatiand Satyakam Vidyalankar. 2 vols., New Delhi: VedaPratishthana, 1991-92. Based on Dayananda Saraswatis

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monotheistic interpretation; includes accented Sanskrittext in devangarscript, and unaccented Sanskrit textin roman transliteration.

Here is verse 1.1.1 in the six translations for comparison:Come, O Agni, to the banquet of him who celebrates thy

praise, to forward the offering. Herald (of the gods), sit downon the sacred grass.Stevenson.

Come, Agni, praised with song, to feast and sacrificialoffering: sit

As Hotar on the holy grass!Griffith.O God, we realise Thee, as Thou art Luminous, Pervadingand Giver of enjoyable objects. Thou art Worthy of adoration,present in the world and our soul, like a Hota in the Yajna.Devi Chand.

O God, come to give us knowledgeAnd devotion we desire.Sit in the sanctuary of our hearts

And draw us out of mire.Dharma Deva.Agni moves and arouses the desires of the devotee for and

bestows oblations,He presides down below in existence and binds us with

desires to the motley sense activities.Ganapati.Having been praised by us, come O adorable Lord, to

bless the dedicated devotee with prosperity. May you be

seated in our innermost heart, O liberal giver.Satya Prakashand Vidyalankar.9. Smaveda Sahit, Jaiminya kh

No English translation.10. Atharvaveda Sahit, aunakya kh

The Hymns of the Atharvaveda, trans. Ralph T. H. Griffith.2 vols., Benares: 1895-96; reprint, Varanasi: ChowkhambaSanskrit Series Office, 1968. Does not utilize Syaas

commentary, which was not available at that time.Atharva-Veda-Sahit, trans. William Dwight Whitney.

2 vols., 1905, Harvard Oriental Series, vols. 7 and 8;reprint, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1962, 1971, etc.Includes extensive grammatical notes and criticalcomments; the translation omits book (ka) 20, and


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sometimes emends the text against the manuscripts.The Atharvaveda, trans. Devi Chand. New Delhi:

Munshiram Manoharlal, 1982. Based on DayanandaSaraswatis monotheistic interpretation; includes unac-cented Sanskrit text in devangarscript.

The Atharva Veda, trans. Acharya Vaidya Nath Shastri.2 vols., New Delhi: Sarvadeshik Arya Pratinidhi Sabha,[1984]. Based on Dayananda Saraswatis monotheisticinterpretation; includes accented Sanskrit text in

devangarscript.Atharva-veda Sahit, trans. Svami Satya Prakash Sarasvati.5 vols. (through ka19 [of 20]), New Delhi: VedaPratishthana, [1992]. Based on Dayananda Saraswatismonotheistic interpretation; includes accented Sanskrittext in devangarscript, and Sanskritpada-phaindevangarscript.

Here is verse 1.1.1 in the five translations for comparison:

Now may Vchaspati assign to me the strength andpowers of Those

Who, wearing every shape and form, the triple seven,are wandering round.Griffith.

The thrice seven that go about, bearing all formslet thelord of speech assign to me today their powers, [their] selves(tan).Whitney.

May God ever assign to me the strength and powers ofthose twenty one objects, which sustaining the animate andinanimate creation, are wandering round.Devi Chand.

Now May Vachaspatih, the master of language with gram-mar, impart to me the knowledge of the origin and scope ofthe system of those triple seven vibhaktis, the inflections ofthe grammatical cases which bear the various names andforms.Vaidya Nath Shastri.

May, this day, the Lord of Speech (Vcaspati) assign to methe selves and powers of those tripleseven (triapteh) thatroam all around wearing all the shapes and forms (rupi).Satya Prakash.

11. Atharvaveda Sahit, Paippalda khNo English translation; differs substantially from aunakya.

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II. Brhmaas

1. Aitareya Brhmaa of the gvedaThe Aitareya Brahmanam of the Rigveda, ed. & trans.

Martin Haug. 2 vols. [vol. I is Sanskrit ed.; vol. II is En-glish trans.], Bombay, 1863; reprint, Varanasi: BharatiyaPublishing House, 1976-77. Vol. II only [English trans.]:Sacred Books of the Hindus, extra vol. 4, 1922; reprint,New York: AMS Press, 1974.

Rigveda Brhmaas: The Aitareya and KautakiBrhmaas of the Rigveda, trans. Arthur BerriedaleKeith. 1920, Harvard Oriental Series, vol. 25; reprint,Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1971, 1981, etc.

2. Kautaki or khyana Brhmaa of the gvedaRigveda Brhmaas: The Aitareya and Kautaki

Brhmaas of the Rigveda, trans. Arthur BerriedaleKeith. 1920, Harvard Oriental Series. vol. 25; reprint,

Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1971, 1981, etc.3. atapatha Brhmaa of the ukla Yajurveda, Kva kh

No English translation.*4. atapatha Brhmaa of the ukla Yajurveda, Mdhyandina

khThe atapatha-Brhmaa, trans. Julius Eggeling. 5 vols.,

Sacred Books of the East, vols. 12, 26, 41, 43, 44, 1882-

1900; reprint, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1963, 1966, etc.5. Taittirya Brhmaa of the Ka YajurvedaNo complete English translation. This text is in three

kas, consisting respectively of eight, eight, and twelvepraphakas. Paul-Emile Dumont has translatedpraphakas1, 6, and 8 of the 2nd ka, and all twelvepraphakasofthe 3rd ka. These were published under various titles inProceedings of the American Philosophical Society between

1948 and 1969: vol. 92 (1948), 447-503; vol. 95 (1951), 628-675; vol. 98 (1954), 204-223; vol. 101 (1957), 216-243; vol. 103(1959), 584-608; vol. 104 (1960), 1-10; vol. 105 (1961), 11-36;vol. 106 (1962), 246-263; vol. 107 (1963), 177-182, 446-460;vol. 108 (1964), 337-353; vol. 109 (1965), 309-341; vol. 113(1969), 34-66 [incorrectly stated in subtitle to be the eighth


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17

praphaka of the third ka; is actually the eighthpraphakaof the second ka].

6. Tyamah- or Pacavia Brhmaa of the SmavedaPacavia-Brhmaa, trans. W. Caland. Bibliotheca

Indica, vol. 255, 1931; reprint, Delhi: Sri Satguru Publi-cations, 1982.

7. avia Brhmaa of the Smavedaavia Brhmaa, trans. Willem Boudewijn Bolle.

Utrecht: Drukkerij A. Storm, 1956 [thesis].

8. Smavidhna Brhmaa of the SmavedaNo English translation.9. fireya Brhmaa of the Smaveda

No English translation.10. Devatdhyya or Daivata Brhmaa of the Smaveda

No English translation.11. Mantra or Chndogya Brhmaa of the Smaveda

The Mantra-Brahmana, trans. Sakuntala Rao Sastri. [no

place]: Viswa Parishad, Sanskrit UniversityJapan, [1950s].12. Sahitopaniad Brhmaa of the Smaveda

No English translation.13. Vaa Brhmaa of the Smaveda

No English translation.14. Jaiminya Brhmaa of the Smaveda

No complete English translation. This text is in three

kas. The first kahas 364 sections, all of which havebeen translated by H. W. Bodewitz in two books: JaiminyaBrhmaa I, 1-65, Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1973; The JyotiomaRitual: Jaiminya Brhmaa I, 66-364, Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1990.

15. Jaiminya fireya Brhmaa of the SmavedaNo English translation.

16. Jaiminya Upaniad Brhmaa of the SmavedaThe Jiminya or Talavakra Upaniad Brhmaa: Text,

Translation, and Notes, by Hanns Oertel, inJournal ofthe American Oriental Society, vol. 16 (1896), pp. 79-260.

17. Gopatha Brhmaa of the AtharvavedaUnpublished thesis: Gopatha Brhmaa: English transla-

tion with notes and introduction, by Hukam ChandPatyal, University of Poona, 1969.

Brhmaas


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III. firayakas

1. Aitareya firayaka of the gvedaThe Aitareya firayaka, ed. & trans. Arthur Berriedale

Keith. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1909; reprint, OxfordUniversity Press, 1969.

2. Kautaki or khyana firayaka of the gvedaThe khyana firayaka, trans. Arthur Berriedale Keith.

London: Royal Asiatic Society, 1908; reprint, New Delhi:

Oriental Books Reprint Corporation, 1975.3. Taittirya firayaka of the Ka YajurvedaNo complete English translation. This text is arranged

into eight (Mysore edition) or ten (Bibliotheca Indica andfinandrama editions)praphakas. The Taittirya Upaniadis praphaka five in the former edition, and praphakasseven through nine in the latter editions. See below (#7) fortranslations. The Mahnryaa or Yjik Upaniad is

praphakasix in the former, andpraphakaten in the latter.It is not among the 108 Upaniads. Translations are in:

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Mahnryaopaniad, Swm Vimalnanda, 1957

4. Maitryaya firayaka of the Ka YajurvedaThis is the sevenpraphakaversion of the Maitrya

Upaniad; see below, #24.

From the editor of the first Sanskrit editions of the firayakas:The injunction that the firayakas should be read by those onlywho have renounced all domestic ties and betaken themselves to the lifeof a hermit, has produced a curious prejudice on the subject: it is gener-ally believed that the reading of them by a householder brings onmisfortune in the form of loss of wealth, disease, domestic bereavement,and some times all the three evils. By a curious coincidence, and to thesatisfaction of those paits who had prognosticated evil, I, when editingthe Taittiriya firayaka of the Black Yajur Veda, some eight years ago,lost my father and mother, was confined to bed by a dangerous illness fora whole year, and suffered heavily in purse, and since the beginning ofthe last year when I took up this work [the Aitareya firayaka] I havebeen a great sufferer both in health and purse, from which I have scanthope of recovery, unless a third firayaka taken up next year shouldenable me to prove the falsity of the belief.Rjendralla Mitra, 1876


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IV. Upaniads (see full bibliographic listing following)

1. vsya Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897The Great Upanishads, Charles Johnston, 1927The Upanishads, Swami Nikhilananda, vol. 1, 1949The Upanishads, Sri Aurobindo, 1972 (1953)The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953Eight Upaniads, with akarcrya comm., Swm

Gambhrnanda, vol. 1, 19572. Kena Upaniad of the SmavedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897The Great Upanishads, Charles Johnston, 1927The Upanishads, Swami Nikhilananda, vol. 1, 1949The Upanishads, Sri Aurobindo, 1972 (1953)The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953Eight Upaniads, with akarcrya comm., Swm

Gambhrnanda, vol. 1, 19573. Kaha Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda

The Great Upanishads, Charles Johnston, 1927 (1896)Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897The Upanishads, Swami Nikhilananda, vol. 1, 1949The Upanishads, Sri Aurobindo, 1972 (1953)The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953

Eight Upaniads, with akarcrya comm., SwmGambhrnanda, vol. 1, 19574. Prana Upaniad of the Atharvaveda

The Great Upanishads, Charles Johnston, 1927 (1896)Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897The Upanishads, Swami Nikhilananda, vol. 2, 1952The Upanishads, Sri Aurobindo, 1972 (1953)The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953

Eight Upaniads, with akarcrya comm., SwmGambhrnanda, vol. 2, 1958

5. Muaka Upaniad of the AtharvavedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897The Upanishads, Swami Nikhilananda, vol. 1, 1949The Upanishads, Sri Aurobindo, 1972 (1953)

Upaniads


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The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953Eight Upaniads, with akarcrya comm., Swm

Gambhrnanda, vol. 2, 19586. Mkya Upaniad of the Atharvaveda

The Mndkyopanishad, Manilal N. Dvivedi, 1894 (withGauapda Krik and akarcrya comm.)

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897 (withGauapda Krik)

The Upanishads, Swami Nikhilananda, vol. 2, 1952 (with

Gauapda Krik)The Upanishads, Sri Aurobindo, 1972 (1953)The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953Eight Upaniads, with akarcrya comm., Swm

Gambhrnanda, vol. 2, 1958 (with Gauapda Krik)Enlightenment Without God, Swami Rama, 1982

7. Taittirya Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897

The Taittiriya Upanishad, with akarcrya and Syaacomms., Alladi Mahadeva Sastry, 1980 (1903)

The Upanishads, Sri Aurobindo, 1972 (1953)The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953Eight Upaniads, with akarcrya comm., Swm

Gambhrnanda, vol. 1, 1957The Upanishads, Swami Nikhilananda, vol. 4, 1959

8. Aitareya Upaniad of the gvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897The Upanishads, Sri Aurobindo, 1972 (1953)The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953The Upanishads, Swami Nikhilananda, vol. 3, 1956Eight Upaniads, with akarcrya comm., Swm

Gambhrnanda, vol. 2, 19589. Chndogya Upaniad of the Smaveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897The Chndogyopaniad, with akarcrya comm.,

Ganganatha Jha, 1942 (1899)The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953The Upanishads, Swami Nikhilananda, vol. 4, 1959Chndogya Upaniad, with akarcrya comm., Swm

Gambhrnanda, 1983


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21

10. Bhadrayaka Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897The Bhadrayaka Upaniad, with akarcrya comm.,

Swm Mdhavnanda, 1934The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953The Upanishads, Swami Nikhilananda, vol. 3, 1956

11. Brahma Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914

Minor Upanishads, Swami Madhavananda, 1913-17Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 197812. Kaivalya Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897included in The Taittiriya Upanishad, Alladi Mahadeva

Sastry, 1980 (1898)Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Minor Upanishads, Swami Madhavananda, 1913-17

The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953aiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1953

13. Jbla Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 1978

14. vetvatara Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897The Upanishads, Swami Nikhilananda, vol. 2, 1952The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953aiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1953

15. Hasa Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

16. firui Upaniad of the SmavedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Minor Upanishads, Swami Madhavananda, 1913-17Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 1978

17. Garbha Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897

Upaniads


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Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

194118. Nryaa Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Vaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1945

19. Paramahasa Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897

Minor Upanishads, Swami Madhavananda, 1913-17Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 1978The Upanishads, Eknath Easwaran, 1987

20. Amtabindu Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897included in The Taittiriya Upanishad, Alladi Mahadeva

Sastry, 1980 (1898)Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914

Minor Upanishads, Swami Madhavananda, 1913-17Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938The Upanishads, Eknath Easwaran, 1987

21. Amtanda Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaThirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

22. Atharvairas Upaniad of the Atharvaveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897aiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 195323. Atharvaikh Upaniad of the Atharvaveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897aiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1953

24. Maitrya[ya] or Maitri Upaniad of the SmavedaMaitri or Maitryaya Upanishad, with Rmatrtha

comm., E. B. Cowell, 1870 (in sevenpraphakas)

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897 (in sevenpraphakas)

Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,1941 (in fourpraphakas)

The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953 (in sevenpraphakas)


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23

The Maitryaya Upaniad, J. A. B. van Buitenen, 1962(in sevenpraphakas, with parallels to fourprap. ed.)

25. Kautakibrhmaa Upaniad of the gvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

1941The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 1953

26. Bhajjbla Upaniad of the Atharvavedaaiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1953

27. Nsihatpin (Prva and Uttara) Upaniad of theAtharvavedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Vaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1945

28. Klgnirudra Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897aiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1953

29. Maitreya Upaniad of the Smaveda

Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 1978

30. Subla Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaThirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,


31. Kurik Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

32. Mantrik Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaSmnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

194133. Sarvasra Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897

Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Minor Upanishads, Swami Madhavananda, 1913-17Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

194134. Nirlamba Upaniad of the ukla Yajurveda

Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914

Upaniads


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Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,1941

35. ukarahasya Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaSmnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

194136. Vajrascik Upaniad of the Smaveda


1941

The Principal Upaniads, S. Radhakrishnan, 195337. Tejobindu Upaniad of the Ka Yajurvedaincluded in Commentaries, vol. 1, with Lahiri Mahasay

comm., Swami Satyeswarananda Giri, 1984 (1891)Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Minor Upanishads, Swami Madhavananda, 1913-17Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

The Upanishads, Eknath Easwaran, 198738. Ndabindu Upaniad of the gveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

39. Dhynabindu Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897

Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 193840. Brahmavidy Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

41. Yogatattva Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914

Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 193842. fitmabodha Upaniad of the gveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

1941


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25

43. Nradaparivrjaka Upaniad of the AtharvavedaThirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 1978

44. Triikhibrhmaa Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaYoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

45. St Upaniad of the Atharvavedakta Upaniads, A. G. Krishna Warrier, 1967

46. Yogacmai Upaniad of the SmavedaYoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

47. Nirva Upaniad of the gvedaSanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 197848. Maalabrhmaa Upaniad of the ukla Yajurveda

Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

49. Dakimrti Upaniad of the Ka Yajurvedaincluded in Dakshinamurti Stotra, Alladi Mahadeva Sastry,

1978 (1899)

aiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 195350. arabha Upaniad of the Atharvaveda

aiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 195351. Skanda Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda


1941

52. Tripdvibhtimahnryaa Upaniad of the AtharvavedaVaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 194553. Advayatraka Upaniad of the ukla Yajurveda

Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 193854. Rmarahasya Upaniad of the Atharvaveda

Vaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 194555. Rmatpin (Prva and Uttara) Upaniad of the Atharvaveda


Vaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 194556. Vsudeva Upaniad of the Smaveda

Vaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 194557. Mudgala Upaniad of the gveda


Upaniads


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58. ilya Upaniad of the AtharvavedaThirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

59. Paigala Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,


60. Bhikuka Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897 (firama)Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 1978

61. Mah Upaniad of the SmavedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

1941

62. rraka Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaThirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

194163. Yogaikh Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

64. Turyttvadhta Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaSanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 197865. Sanysa Upaniad of the Smaveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 1978

66. Paramahasaparivrjaka Upaniad of the AtharvavedaSanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 1978

67. Akamlik Upaniad of the gveda

aiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 195368. Avyakta Upaniad of the Smaveda

Vaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 194569. Ekkara Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda



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27

70. Annapr Upaniad of the AtharvavedaSmnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

194171. Srya Upaniad of the Atharvaveda


72. Aki Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaSmnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

1941

73. Adhytma Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaThirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

194174. Kuik Upaniad of the Smaveda

Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 197875. Svitr Upaniad of the Smaveda

Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

194176. fitma Upaniad of the Atharvaveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Minor Upanishads, Swami Madhavananda, 1913-17Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

1941The Upanishads, Eknath Easwaran, 1987

77. Pupatabrahma Upaniad of the AtharvavedaYoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 193878. Parabrahma Upaniad of the Atharvaveda

Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 197879. Avadhta Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda

Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 197880. Tripurtpin Upaniad of the Atharvaveda

kta Upaniads, A. G. Krishna Warrier, 1967

81. Dev Upaniad of the Atharvavedakta Upaniads, A. G. Krishna Warrier, 1967

82. Tripur Upaniad of the gvedakta Upaniads, A. G. Krishna Warrier, 1967The Secret of the Three Cities, Douglas Renfrew Brooks,

1990, with Bhskararya comm.

Upaniads


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83. Kaharudra Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaSixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897

(Kaharuti)Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 1978

84. Bhvan Upaniad of the Atharvavedakta Upaniads, A. G. Krishna Warrier, 1967Bhvanopaniad, with Bhskararya comm., S. Mira, 1976The Tantra of r-Chakra (Bhvanopanishat), S. K.

Ramachandra Rao, 1983

85. Rudrahdaya Upaniad of the Ka Yajurvedaaiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 195386. Yogakual Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda

Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

87. Bhasmajbla Upaniad of the Atharvavedaaiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1953

88. Rudrkajbla Upaniad of the Smaveda

aiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 195389. Gaapati Upaniad of the Atharvaveda

aiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 195390. Darana Upaniad of the Smaveda

Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938Yoga and the Hindu Tradition, Jean Varenne, 1976 (1973)

91. Trasra Upaniad of the ukla Yajurveda

Thirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Vaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 194592. Mahvkya Upaniad of the Atharvaveda

Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 193893. Pacabrahma Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda

aiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 195394. Prgnihotra Upaniad of the Ka Yajurveda



95. Goplatpin (Prva and Uttara) Upaniad of the AtharvavedaVaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1945

96. Ka Upaniad of the AtharvavedaVaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1945


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29

97. Yjavalkya Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaSanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 1978

98. Varha Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaThirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1938

99. yyanya Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaSanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan, 1978

100. Hayagrva Upaniad of the AtharvavedaVaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1945

101. Datttreya Upaniad of the AtharvavedaVaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1945102. Garua Upaniad of the Atharvaveda

Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, Paul Deussen, 1897Vaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1945

103. Kalisantaraa Upaniad of the Ka YajurvedaThirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Vaiava Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1945

104. Jbli Upaniad of the Smavedaaiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, 1953

105. Saubhgyalakm Upaniad of the gvedakta Upaniads, A. G. Krishna Warrier, 1967

106. Sarasvatrahasya Upaniad of the Ka Yajurvedakta Upaniads, A. G. Krishna Warrier, 1967

107. Bahvca Upaniad of the gveda

kta Upaniads, A. G. Krishna Warrier, 1967108. Muktik Upaniad of the ukla YajurvedaThirty Minor Upanishads, K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, 1914Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyanagar,

1941

Full Bibliographic Listing*

Bhvanopaniad (Text & Commentary of Bhskararya),translated by S. Mira. Madras: Ganesh & Co., 1976.

The Bhadrayaka Upaniad, with the commentary ofakarcrya, translated by Swm Mdhavnanda. Calcutta:Advaita Ashrama, 1934; editions 1941, 1950, 1965, 1975.

Chndogya Upaniad, with the commentary of ri akar-

Upaniads


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crya, translated by Swm Gambhrnanda. Calcutta: AdvaitaAshrama, [1983].

The Chndogyopaniad, with the commentary of ankara,translated by Ganganatha Jha. Poona: Oriental Book Agency,1942, Poona Oriental Series 78 [revised from first edition pub-lished in Madras, 1899].

Commentaries, volume I, includes the Teja Bindu Upanishadwith the commentary of Shyama Charan Lahiri Mahasay, writtenin Bengali in 1891, translated by Swami Satyeswarananda Giri.

San Diego: The Sanskrit Classics, 1984.Dakshinamurti Stotra of Sri Sankaracharya and Dakshina-murti Upanishad with Sri Sureswaracharyas Manasollasa andPranava Vartika, texts and translation in English by AlladiMahadeva Sastry. Madras: Samata Books, 1978 [first published1899; 2nd ed. 1920; 3rd ed. 1978, corrected and enlarged].

Eight Upaniads, with the commentary of akarcrya,translated by Swami Gambhirananda. 2 volumes, Calcutta:

Advaita Ashrama, 1957, 1958; third impression 1972, 1973.Enlightenment Without God, Mkya Upanishad, by Sri

Swami Rama. Honesdale, Pennsylvania: Himalayan Interna-tional Institute of Yoga Science and Philosophy of the U.S.A.,1982; includes extensive commentary.

The Great Upanishads, volume 1, Isha, Kena, Katha, PrashnaUpanishads, translated by Charles Johnston. New York: The

Quarterly Book Department, 1927; includes Theosophical com-mentary; Katha and Prashna previously published in From theUpanishads, 1896; reprints 1899, 1913.

Mahnryaopaniad, trans. Swm Vimalnanda, Madras:Sri Ramakrishna Math, 1957; 2nd ed. 1968.

The Maitryaya Upaniad, a critical essay, with text [ro-man], translation and commentary, by J. A. B. van Buitenen. TheHague: Mouton & Co., 1962. Disputationes Rheno-Trajectinae 6.

The Maitri or Maitryaya Upanishad, with the commentaryof Rmatrtha, edited with an English translation by E. B. Cowell.Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1870. Bibliotheca Indica 42.2nd ed., 3 fascicles, 1913, 1919, 1935 [translation in this fascicle].

The Mndkyopanishad, with Gaudapdas Kriks and theBhshya of ankara, translated into English by Manilal N.


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Dvivedi. Bombay: Bombay Theosophical Publication Fund,1894; reprint 1909.

Minor Upanishads, [8], with original text, introduction,English rendering, and comments, by Swami Madhavananda.Calcutta: Advaita Ashrama, third impression, 1968 [previouslypublished anonymously: 2 parts, Mayavati: 1913-17; 3rd ed.,Mayavati-Almora: Advaita firama, 1938; Calcutta: AdvaitaAshram, 1956].

The Principal Upaniads, edited with introduction, text, trans-

lation and notes by S. Radhakrishnan. London: George Allen &Unwin, 1953; reprint 1968, etc.aiva Upaniads, [15], translated into English (on the basis of

the commentary of r Upaniadbrahmayogin) by T. R. SrinivasaAyyangar, and edited by G. Srinivasa Murti. Adyar, Madras: TheAdyar Library, 1953, Adyar Library Series 85.

The kta Upaniad-s, [8], translated into English (basedmainly on the commentary of Upaniad-brahmayogin) by A. G.

Krishna Warrier. Adyar, Madras: The Adyar Library and ResearchCentre, 1967; reprint 1975, Adyar Library Series 89.

The Smnya Vednta Upaniad-s, [24], translated intoEnglish (on the basis of the commentary of r Upaniad-brahma-yogin) by r T. R. rnivsa Ayyangr, and edited byPait S. Subrahmaya str. Adyar, Madras: The Adyar Library,1941, Adyar Library Series 24.

The Sanysa Upaniad-s(on Renunciation), [17], translatedinto English (based on the commentary of UpaniadBrahmayogin) by A. A. Ramanathan. Adyar, Madras: The AdyarLibrary and Research Centre, 1978, Adyar Library Series 104.

The Secret of the Three Cities, An Introduction to Hindu ktaTantrism, by Douglas Renfrow Brooks. Chicago & London:University of Chicago Press, 1990 [includes Tripur Upaniadinromanized Sanskrit and English translation, and Bhskararyas

commentary in English translation.]Sixty Upaniads of the Veda, [translated into German by] Paul

Deussen, translated from German by V. M. Bedekar and G. B.Palsule, 2 vols., Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1980, original Ger-man edition, Sechzig Upanishads des Veda, Leipzig: 1897,editions 1905, 1921.

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The Taittiriya Upanishad, with the commentaries of SriSankaracharya, Sri Suresvaracharya, Sri Vidyaranya, [1903],including Introduction to the Study of Upanishads by Sri Vidyaranya, [1899], and the Atharvana Upanishads: Amrita-bindu, Kaivalya, [1898], translated from the original Sanskrit intoEnglish by Alladi Mahadeva Sastry [Sastri]. Madras: SamataBooks, 1980 [composite reprint of earlier editions].

The Tantra of r-Chakra(Bhvanopanishat), by S. K. Rama-chandra Rao. Bangalore: Sharada Prakashana, 1983.

Thirty Minor Upanishads, translated by K. Nryaasvmi Aiyar, Madras: 1914; reprint, El Reno, Oklahoma: SantarasaPublications, 1980 [most of these were previously published inThe Theosophist].

The Upanishads, texts, translations and commentaries, by SriAurobindo. Pondicherry: Sri Aurobindo Ashram, 1972 [includestexts previously published in The Eight Upanishads, 1953, and inearlier publications].

The Upanishads, translated by Eknath Easwaran. Petaluma,California: Nilgiri Press, 1987.

The Upanishads, translated from the Sanskrit with introduc-tions . . . and with notes and explanations based on the com-mentary of ri ankarchrya . . . , by Swami Nikhilananda. 4volumes, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1949, 1952, 1956, 1959.

The Vaiavopaniad-s, [14], translated into English (on the

basis of the commentary of r Upaniad-brahma-yogin) by rT. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar, and edited by G. Srinivasa Murti.Adyar, Madras: The Adyar Library, 1945, Adyar Library Series 52.

Yoga and the Hindu Tradition, by Jean Varenne, translatedfrom the French [Le yoga et la tradition hindoue, 1973] by DerekColtman. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976 [includesYoga Darshana Upanishad].

The Yoga Upaniads, [20], translated into English (on the basis

of the commentary of r Upaniadbrahmayogin) by T. R.Srinivasa Ayyangar, and edited by G. Srinivasa Murti. Adyar,Madras: The Adyar Library, 1938; 2nd rev. ed. 1952, AdyarLibrary Series 20.


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SUGGESTED SELECTIONS

I. SahitsThe gvedais the central text of the entire Vedic literature.

Griffiths translation largely follows the classical Indian traditionof understanding the text, and is metrical and comparativelyliteral. Though his translation does not make easy reading, thisis of small consequence with a book that will be used primarilyfor reference. Its one-volume edition makes this convenient.

One may supplement it with the White Yajurveda, Smaveda,and Atharvaveda. Griffith is the only person to have translatedall four major Vedas [now joined in this by Svami Satya PrakashSarasvati, as of 1996]. There is much value in having a consistenttranslation of the four for comparative research.

The Hymns of the gveda, trans. Ralph T. H. Griffith.supplemented by:

The Texts of the White Yajurveda, trans. Ralph T. H. Griffith.

The Hymns of the Smaveda, trans. Ralph T. H. Griffith.The Hymns of the Atharvaveda, trans. Ralph T. H. Griffith.

II. BrhmaasThe brahmaasdeal primarily withyaja-s (sacrifices).

The atapatha Brhmaa is acknowledged as the most com-plete brhmaa. It systematically follows the Yajurveda (the

Veda ofyaja) to which it belongs, and extensively delineatesvirtually all of theyajas, including the agnicayana(fire-altar). Although the brhmaas of the gveda do not treat all theyajas, one may want them as part of the gvedacorpus.

The atapatha-Brhmaa, trans. Julius Eggeling, 5 vols.Rigveda Brhmaas, trans. Arthur Berriedale Keith.

III. firayakas

The rayakasgive symbolic interpretations of theyajas.They were studied only by hermits, as householders would notkeep them (see p. 18), which led to some neglect. The twoexisting translations are of the gvedarayakas.

The Aitareya firayaka, trans. Arthur Berriedale Keith.The khyana firayaka, trans. Arthur Berriedale Keith.

Suggested Selections


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IV. UpaniadsA single volume containing eighteen upaniads, including

all the major ones and some minor ones, Sanskrit text in romanscript, and an accurate and balanced English translation, is:

The Principal Upaniads, trans. S. Radhakrishnan.The major upaniadshave been published individually by

the Sri Ramakrishna Math, Mylapore, Madras, in their inexpen-sive Upanishad Series. These booklets have not been listed inthe foregoing. They are recommended for Sanskrit students as

they include the text in devangarscript, and word-by-wordmeanings. Most are translated by Swm arvnanda. All 98 traditionally accepted minor upaniads have been

published in the Adyar Library Series in six volumes. A uniqueand valuable feature of these volumes is that all 98 upaniadsare translated according to a single commentator, Upaniad-brahma-yogin, the only person known to have commented onall 108 upaniads. His commentaries on the 10 major upaniads

closely follow the Advaita Vednta commentaries of akara.The Yoga Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar.The Smnya Vednta Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar.The Vaiavopaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar.The aiva Upaniads, T. R. Srinivasa Ayyangar.The kta Upaniads, A. G. Krishna Warrier.The Sanysa Upaniads, A. A. Ramanathan.

The majority of the books listed in this bibliographic guide arepublished in India. These can be ordered from the publishers:Motilal Banarsidass, at: www.mlbd.comMunshiram Manoharlal, at: www.mrmlbooks.comThe Adyar Library Series, and many others, are distributed by:

Biblia Impex, at: www.bibliaimpex.comIndian books can also be found at: www.abebooks.comFor books published in the West, see: www.amazon.com

Any book listed here that is out-of-print can be obtained from usin photocopied form. E-mail us: [email protected]


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ADDENDA, 2006

*p. 10: There is now a complete translation following the line ofinterpretation advocated by Sri Aurobindo. It is:

Rigveda Samhita, ed. and trans. R. L. Kashyap and S. Sadagopan.Bangalore: Sri Aurobindo Kapli Sstry Institute of VedicCulture, 1998.

*p. 12: There is now another translation of the Taittirya Sahit.

It follows Aurobindos line of interpretation. It is:Kriha Yajur Veda Taittirya Samhit, ed. and trans. R. L.Kashyap. 3 vols. Bangalore: Sri Aurobindo Kapli SstryInstitute of Vedic Culture, 2002-2004.

*p. 16: There is now an English translation of the Kva khofthe atapatha Brhmaa. It is:

Kvaatapathabrhmaam, ed. and trans. C. R. Swaminathan.

7 vols., New Delhi: Indira Gandhi National Centre for theArts, and Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, vol. 1, 1994;vol. 2, 1997; vol. 3, 2000; vol. 4, 2001; vol. 5, 2005; vols. 6, 7,forthcoming (Kalmlastra Series, 12, 22, 30, 31, 39, 40, 41).

*p. 29: There are new translations, of the major upaniadsandthe Sanysa upaniads, by Patrick Olivelle, and of the

Smnya Vedntaupaniadsand the Vaiava upaniads,issued by The Adyar Library. These are:The Early Upaniads, ed. and trans. Patrick Olivelle. New York

and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998 (the ten majorupaniads, plus the Kautakiand vetvatara(also issuedin 1996 in the Worlds Classics series, less the Sanskrit text).

The Smnya Vednta Upaniad-s, trans. A. G. KrishnaWarrier. Madras: The Adyar Library and Research Centre,

1991 (Adyar Library Series, 120).Sanysa Upaniads, trans. Patrick Olivelle. New York and

Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.The Vaiava Upaniad-s, trans. A. A. Ramanathan. Chennai:

The Adyar Library and Research Centre 2002 (Adyar Library

Addenda

vedic texts

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