DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGAPROJECT REPORT ON"VALVE LAPPING MACHINE"IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OFDEPARTMENTOF MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGMSBTESUBMITTED BY

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Y.B. PATIL POLYTECHNICAKURDI, PUNE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTWe express esteemed gratitude and sincere thanks to our worthy lecturers guide Prof. . Our vocabulory do not have suitable words benefiting to high standard at knowledge and extreme sincerity, deviation and affection with they have regularly encouraged us to put heart and soul in this work. We also convey great thanks to our H.O.D. Prof. P.R. Tripathi andPrincipal Prof. M.S. Hiremath who helped a lot for this project. Our parents and relatives who always bear with us in very critical situation have contributed a great deal in making this for us. As we give expression to our love and appreciation for them our in full.

Thanking all, Yours Faithfully

SERIAL NO. CONTENTS PAGE NO. 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 VALVE TRUBLES 2 3 VALVE SEATS 3 4 MOUNTING OF MOTOR 12 5 CALCULATIONS 13 6 SPECIFICATION OF COMPONENT 14 7 POPET VALVE 15 8 MATERIAL 16 9 MOTOR 18 10 NAME & FUNCTION 19 11 BATTERY 21 12 CONCLUSION 23 13 REFERENCES & SOURCES 24 14 PHOTOGRAPHIC VIEWS 25

INTRODUCTION

VALVE LAPPING MACHINE1. INTRODUCTION Valve lapping machine is cheaper, simplest and economical also to buy. Probably the reasons why use valve lapping machine which developed by us. Nowadays valve lapping may be done on a special valve re-facing machines which consist of grinding wheel operated by an electric motor. The valve held in the chuck which is also rotate with electric motor. There is a provision to set the valve chuck at desire angle. Generally the valve angles are 30 to 45 degree. After starting a machine light cuts till there are no more pits or scratches in the face. But this method and machine is not possible to every small scale garages therefore they use another method of re-facing values and valve seats which has become absolute now, is the valve lapping which may still be used if the special re-facing or grinding machine are not available. After thoroughly cleaning the values valve seats and guides, a small quantity of special lapping compound which in the form of a paste, is applied on the valve face and the valve is slipped into the guide hole the lapping stick which has a hollow rubber casing gets attached to the valve top because of thus introduce inside it casing. As above mention two methods are used to re-facing of values out of that first method consist fast and accurate operation but which is non affordable to all garages. Therefore they all used second method of lapping which is time consuming process and it requires more than one person for operation. By overcoming all of above procedure we develop easy and fast technique of lapping that is valve lapping machine which consist better operation and a person can easily handle it. This has done accurate operation also.

2.VALVE TRUBLES : The main trouble occur in the engine valve (POPET VALVE) are discuss below along with their possible causes & steps to avoid their recurrence. Burning of valve face:-This may be caused due to : -1) Poor valve seating that allows the high temp & high press gases to leak between the valve & seat. The cause of poor seating may be.a) Insufficient valve lash, which may be reset.b) Distortion of the valve seat, which may be checked re-faced if required.c) Hard carbon deposits between the valve & the valve seat; these deposits being caused by loosening from the combustion chamber , positive valve rotators help to avoid this defect.d) Sticking valve stem due to hard carbon & varnish deposits grousing on account of breakdown of the fuel & air on the hot value. Because of this valve is not able to seat properly. The remedy is to clean up the valve stem & the guide.e) Excessive run out of the valve stem, which may be checked if necessary; the valve guide & seats have to be reconditioned along with the straightening of the valve stem or replacing.2) Lean mix hire; the carburetor should be correctly lined3) Detonation & pre-ignition; the carburetor should4) In correct valve timing, which may be check & reset. A valve of this type is removed by means of a bar lifter, which is interested through the spring & above the flung of the valve guide & is pushed down sufficiently so as to release the valve guide retainer & to take it out the valve assembly, along with the guide, is then taken out from the as a whole & various components dissembled later. After disassembly, clean the values, guides, springs, & other parts of the valve actuating mechanism. Then inspect various parts to determine if they require any service or replacement after which the desired action may be taken. 3. VALVE SEATS :

fig no.1

Part of any good rebuild is a valve job. If the valves leak, the engine will just not run right. So we want good valve seats. How do we get them ? Let's just start from the top.

fig no.2

First look at the end of the valve and how the valve keepers fit around the valve stem. Things should look like this when you finish. This is how I remove the valve keepers. It sounds wild,but it works great. Take the head, put shop towel in the combustion chamber and turn it over so the valve ends are up. Take a deep well socket that is the same diameter as the valve spring cap, and put a little ball of wadded up paper in the square end. This will keep the valve keepers from popping out. Now take the socket and put it on the valve with the square end up. With it centred and square on the valve spring keeper cap, hit it sharply, but not too hard, with a hammer. The two valve keepers will fall out and you can take the spring cap and springs off the end of the valve. This sounds quite radical, but it works great, and if done right will not hurt anything. If you are uncomfortable with this, use the valve spring compressor, but that is a lot more work and more chance of loosing parts.

fig no.3