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Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic Table. EX: P in group 5A = 5 valence electrons

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Page 1: Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic

Valence electrons

These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding.

They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic Table.

EX: P in group 5A = 5 valence electrons

Page 2: Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic

Common Ion In order to be stable, all elements want an

electron configuration of a NOBLE GAS. They will gain or lose electrons to complete

their outside shell. The periodic table will help you to be able to

predict this.

Page 3: Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic

Atomic Size

Page 4: Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic

Atomic Radius – the distance from the center of an atom’s nucleus to its outermost electron

Page 5: Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic

Atomic Radius Trends:1. Atoms get larger as you

move down a group

WHY? As you move down a group, the valence electrons are on higher principle energy levels which are further from the nucleus

Page 6: Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic

2. Atoms get smaller as you move from left to right across a period

WHY? As you move from left to right across a period there are more protons pulling the electrons in more closely causing it to be smaller

Page 7: Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic

If your trends contradict each other, always use the PRINCIPLE ENERGY LEVEL TO DECIDE!!!

Page 8: Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic

Gettin

g la

rger

Getting larger

Page 9: Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic
Page 10: Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic

Which is the larger atom?

S or O? S because its valence

electrons are on the 3rd EL while O’s are on the 2nd EL

Page 11: Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic

Which is the larger atom?

C or O?C is because they are on

the same EL so the one with fewer protons will be larger (less pull from the nucleus)

Page 12: Valence electrons These are the electrons on the outermost ring. They are available for bonding. They can be found by counting the columns on the Periodic

Which is the larger atom?

N or S?

S because it is on the 3rd EL while N is on the 2nd EL


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