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Using GUS for academic Using GUS for academic research research Experiences and challenges in using nutritional data Valeria Skafida University of Edinburgh, Social Policy Department Centre for Research on Families and Relationships Email: [email protected]

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Page 1: V Skafida Presentation slides - Growing Upgrowingupinscotland.org.uk/.../2013/05/Pres2VSkafida.pdf · 2014-07-23 · Valeria Skafida University of Edinburgh, Social Policy Department

Usin

g G

US

fo

r a

ca

de

mic

U

sin

g G

US

fo

r a

ca

de

mic

rese

arc

hre

se

arc

hE

xp

erie

nce

s a

nd

cha

llen

ges in

usin

g n

utr

itio

na

l d

ata

Va

leri

a S

ka

fid

aU

niv

ers

ity o

f E

din

bu

rgh

,

So

cia

l P

olic

y D

ep

art

me

nt

Ce

ntr

e fo

r R

ese

arc

h o

n F

am

ilie

s a

nd

Rela

tio

nsh

ips

Em

ail:

va

leri

a.s

ka

fid

a@

ed

.ac.u

k

Page 2: V Skafida Presentation slides - Growing Upgrowingupinscotland.org.uk/.../2013/05/Pres2VSkafida.pdf · 2014-07-23 · Valeria Skafida University of Edinburgh, Social Policy Department

The r

esearc

h q

uestion

The r

esearc

h q

uestion

Co

nte

xt

•th

e p

rocess o

f e

atin

g c

an

in

flu

ence

the

fo

od

ea

ten

•me

al h

ab

its w

hic

h b

rin

g th

e fa

mily

to

ge

the

r fa

vo

ur

he

alth

ier

ea

tin

g h

ab

its in

ch

ildre

n.

•socia

l q

ua

lity o

f m

ea

l tim

es r

ela

ted

to fo

od

ea

ten

by c

hild

ren

.

Qu

esti

on

Do

sh

are

d fam

ily e

atin

g o

pp

ort

un

itie

s h

elp

mo

thers

te

ach

th

eir

ch

ildre

n to

ado

pt he

alth

ier

ea

tin

g h

ab

its?

Ca

us

e a

nd

Ou

tco

me

-D

ep

end

en

t: w

ha

t ch

ildre

n e

at

-In

de

pe

nd

ent: H

ow

, w

hen

, w

hy, w

here

ch

ildre

n e

at

Page 3: V Skafida Presentation slides - Growing Upgrowingupinscotland.org.uk/.../2013/05/Pres2VSkafida.pdf · 2014-07-23 · Valeria Skafida University of Edinburgh, Social Policy Department

Challe

nges w

ith t

he

Challe

nges w

ith t

he

dependents

dependents

Measu

rin

g ‘

die

ts’

•G

US

is n

ot

exclu

siv

ely

abo

ut

nutr

itio

n

•G

uid

elin

es f

or

child

ren a

ged 5

+ b

ased o

n q

uantities (

e.g

. 5-a

-da

y).

•C

hild

ren u

nder

5 -

Food S

tandard

s A

ge

ncy u

sed f

requ

ency

and v

ariety

of

foods e

ate

n,

rath

er

than q

uantity

.

•G

US

focuses o

n h

ow

oft

en

and h

ow

many d

iffe

rent

foods c

hild

ren

consum

e,

Veg

eta

ble

Co

nsu

mp

tio

n

�V

egeta

ble

s -

more

lik

ely

eate

n a

t m

eal-tim

es?

�R

equ

ire m

ore

pare

nta

l pers

uasio

n?

Un

healt

hy S

nackin

g

�T

hre

e s

urv

ey q

uestions w

ere

com

bin

ed t

o c

aptu

re w

hic

h c

hild

ren

typic

ally

ate

un

health

y s

nacks b

etw

een m

eals

(if c

hild

ren t

ypic

ally

snacked o

n a

t le

ast

one

of

the

follo

win

g b

etw

een m

ea

ls:

“crisps”,

“cakes o

r bis

cu

its”,

“sw

eets

or

chocola

te”)

Page 4: V Skafida Presentation slides - Growing Upgrowingupinscotland.org.uk/.../2013/05/Pres2VSkafida.pdf · 2014-07-23 · Valeria Skafida University of Edinburgh, Social Policy Department
Page 5: V Skafida Presentation slides - Growing Upgrowingupinscotland.org.uk/.../2013/05/Pres2VSkafida.pdf · 2014-07-23 · Valeria Skafida University of Edinburgh, Social Policy Department

Ch

alle

ng

es w

ith

th

e ind

ep

en

de

nts

Ch

alle

ng

es w

ith

th

e ind

ep

en

de

nts

Ind

icato

rs o

f F

am

ily M

eal

Rit

uals

•R

ath

er

than w

hat

child

ren e

at,

eating p

att

ern

s r

efe

r to

the h

ow

,w

hen,

wh

ere

, w

hy,

an

d w

ith w

hom

child

ren e

at.

Ind

icato

rs n

ot

co

llecte

d i

n G

US

•P

are

nt’s d

iets

?

�Id

eally

, th

e a

na

lysis

wou

ld c

on

trol fo

r m

ate

rna

l die

tary

ha

bits,

and

wh

ile t

his

is n

ot

curr

ently p

ossib

le w

ith e

xis

tin

g G

US

data

, it c

ould

be

captu

red in f

utu

re d

ata

colle

ction s

we

eps.

�T

heory

-info

rme

d a

ssum

ptio

n:

moth

ers

who a

re m

ore

‘ha

nds o

n’in

child

ren’s

die

ts a

re m

ore

lik

ely

to b

e f

rom

more

advanta

ged

backgro

unds,

and m

ore

lik

ely

to t

here

fore

be

eating h

ealthie

r die

ts

them

selv

es.

Re

ve

rsin

g t

he r

esea

rch

qu

esti

on

?

�H

ow

do

es t

he f

ood c

hild

ren e

at

or

refu

se t

o e

at

aff

ect

meal habits a

nd

socia

l q

ualit

y o

f m

ealtim

es?

�C

yclic

al causa

lity?

�M

eal ha

bits a

nd d

ieta

ry q

ualit

y d

ata

fro

m t

he

sam

e s

we

ep -

althou

gh

this

task m

ay p

rove d

ifficult e

ven w

he

n u

sin

g long

itudin

al d

ata

.

Page 6: V Skafida Presentation slides - Growing Upgrowingupinscotland.org.uk/.../2013/05/Pres2VSkafida.pdf · 2014-07-23 · Valeria Skafida University of Edinburgh, Social Policy Department

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Page 7: V Skafida Presentation slides - Growing Upgrowingupinscotland.org.uk/.../2013/05/Pres2VSkafida.pdf · 2014-07-23 · Valeria Skafida University of Edinburgh, Social Policy Department

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Page 8: V Skafida Presentation slides - Growing Upgrowingupinscotland.org.uk/.../2013/05/Pres2VSkafida.pdf · 2014-07-23 · Valeria Skafida University of Edinburgh, Social Policy Department

What

the

nu

mbe

rs s

ay?

What

the

nu

mbe

rs s

ay?

�T

he less o

ften c

hild

ren e

at m

eals

with

their p

are

nts

, th

e m

ore

lik

ely

they a

re

to e

at fe

w v

egeta

ble

s, and the m

ore

lik

ely

they a

re to e

at unhealthy s

nacks

�In

fam

ilies w

here

mealtim

es a

re s

een

as a

tim

e to talk

to e

ach o

ther,

child

ren e

at m

ore

vegeta

ble

s a

nd

few

er

unhealthy s

nacks b

etw

een

meals

.

�C

hild

ren w

ho d

on’t e

at veg

are

fussy!

Page 9: V Skafida Presentation slides - Growing Upgrowingupinscotland.org.uk/.../2013/05/Pres2VSkafida.pdf · 2014-07-23 · Valeria Skafida University of Edinburgh, Social Policy Department

Wh

at

do

es t

his

me

an

?W

ha

t d

oe

s t

his

me

an

?T

od

dle

rs’

exp

eri

ences o

f m

ea

ls a

nd

e

atin

g w

ith

in th

e con

text

of

fam

ily

life

he

lp

to

attri

bu

te

socia

l m

ea

nin

g

to

foo

d.

Ultim

ate

ly,

ch

ildre

n

are

e

xp

ose

d to

a

pro

cess o

f con

tin

uo

us re

gu

latio

n and

civ

ilisa

tio

n by p

are

nts

(E

lias,

19

82

; T

urn

er,

19

87

; T

urn

er,

1

992

).

Pa

rt

of

this

civ

ilisa

tio

n

pro

cess

involv

es

pare

nts

kn

ow

ing

ly

or

un

kn

ow

ing

ly s

ocia

lisin

g the

ir c

hild

ren in

to a

do

ptin

g the

ir o

wn

so

cia

lly

co

nstr

ucte

d m

ea

nin

gs o

f fo

od a

nd e

atin

g (

Me

ad

, 1

94

9).

The

fa

mily

me

al,

or

the

a

bse

nce

of

it,

is

on

e

rea

lm

thro

ug

h

wh

ich

th

is

socia

lisa

tio

n c

an

occur.

It w

ou

ld b

e s

imp

listic t

o p

resum

e t

ha

t ch

ildre

n w

ho g

row

up

with

a

pre

fere

nce

for

unh

ea

lth

y f

oo

ds a

re b

ein

g d

rive

n b

y ‘

inn

ate

’b

od

ily

urg

es,

an

d h

ave

fa

iled

to

be

nurt

ure

d i

nto

‘e

atin

g f

or

he

alth

’. R

ath

er

tha

n

invo

kin

g

the

cla

ssic

n

atu

re

vs.

nu

rtu

re

dic

ho

tom

y

(Moo

re,

20

03),

it

co

uld

be

arg

ue

d t

ha

t d

iffe

rences in

ch

ildre

n’s

die

tary

hab

its

are

a r

esu

lt o

f a

nurt

ure

vs.

nurt

ure

dic

ho

tom

y.

Tha

t is

to

sa

y t

ha

t ch

ildre

n

acqu

ire

a

ta

ste

(B

ou

rdie

u,

19

84)

for

eith

er

he

alth

y

or

un

he

alth

y f

ood

thro

ugh

a p

rocess o

f socia

lisa

tio

n w

hic

h c

om

me

nce

s

at

bir

th,

if n

ot

be

fore

th

at, a

nd

co

ntin

ues t

o s

ha

pe t

he

ir p

refe

rences

Page 10: V Skafida Presentation slides - Growing Upgrowingupinscotland.org.uk/.../2013/05/Pres2VSkafida.pdf · 2014-07-23 · Valeria Skafida University of Edinburgh, Social Policy Department

Positiv

es

Positiv

es

�C

rucia

l develo

pm

ent sta

ges d

uring

firs

t 5 y

ears

�C

ontinuously

gro

win

g d

ata

set (a

nd

gro

win

g c

hild

ren!)

�D

ata

keepin

g u

p to d

ate

with p

olic

y

develo

pm

ents

�G

reat bre

adth

of data

Page 11: V Skafida Presentation slides - Growing Upgrowingupinscotland.org.uk/.../2013/05/Pres2VSkafida.pdf · 2014-07-23 · Valeria Skafida University of Edinburgh, Social Policy Department

Vale

ria S

kafi

da

vale

ria.s

kafid

a@

ed.a

c.u

k