uv-c leds at the time of covid-19 - piseo

UV-C LEDSat the time of COVID-19

©PISEO 2020 | www.piseo.fr | Rapport LED UV-C 1

2021 Application and Technical Report

Contents

©PISEO 2021 | www.piseo.fr | Report UVC LED 2

o General introduction P 7

o Aims of the report P 8

o About Piséo P 9

o Authors of the report P 10

o Glossary P 11

o Limitations P 13

o Companies quoted in this report P 14

o Summary P 17

o UV radiation P 50

• UV spectrum

• Propagation and biological effects of UV radiation

• Main applications and niche markets

o Main applications of UVC radiation P 54

• Disinfection/purification of water

• Segmentation of applications

• Examples of new applications and potential applications

• Disinfection/purification of air


• Examples of new application and potential applications

• Disinfection of surfaces and objects


• Examples of new applications and potential applications

• Applications requiring greater precautions

• Analytical tools

• Applications

• Spectrofluorimetry: principle

• Application of spectrofluorimetry: analysis of proteins

• Application of spectrofluorimetry: analysis of DNA.

• UV-visible spectroscopy: principle

• UV-visible spectroscopy: analysis of water purity

• Chromatography: principle

• Chromatography: liquid chromatography

• Chromatography: gas chromatography

• Other applications of UVC radiation

o Disinfection by UVC radiation P 74

• Mechanism for disinfection by UVC radiation

• Deterioration of DNA and RNA

• Nucleotides: the basic unit of DNA and RNA.

• Fundamental values

• Base pair

• Irradiance

• Dose

• Inactivation constant

• Logarithmic reduction

• S.A.L. (Sterility Assurance Level)

• Calculation of dose

• Dose: influence of the type of micro-organism

• Dose: influence of contamination level

• Dose: influence of wavelength

• Dose: influence of the environment

• Dose: which standards?

• Dose: UV transmission factor of water

• Dose: SARS-CoV-2

• Wavelengths vs germicidal effect

• Wavelengths vs germicidal effect: SARS-CoV-2

Select the chapter to access it

Contents• Wavelengths vs germicidal effect: 222 nm

• Wavelengths vs germicidal effect: 405 nm (visible)

• Advantages of disinfection by UVC radiation

• Impact on the environment and toxicity

• Durability in relation to the development of micro-organisms

• Comprehensiveness and odour

• Risks of disinfection by UVC radiation

• Precautions to take for people and materials

• Exposure of target and shadow effects

• Impact of durability of UVC sources

o Wavelength 222 nm P 107

• The wavelength would present no risk to human beings

• Germicidal efficacy of wavelength 222 nm

• Is wavelength 222nm risk-free ?

• The excimer lamp and wavelength 222 nm

• Systems based on excimer lamps

• Limitations and precautions

• Systems based on excimer lamps

• New prospects for application

o UVC light sources P 118

• Different UVC source technologies

• The 3 main types of UVC lamps

• Low-pressure mercury vapour lamps

• Principle of low-pressure mercury vapour lamp

• Systems based on low-pressure mercury vapour lamp

• “Cold cathode” low-pressure mercury vapour lamp

• The excimer lamp and 222 nm wavelength

• Ozone and the 185 nm wavelength

o UVC LED vs mercury vapour lamp P 130

• Advantages of the UVC LED vs the mercury vapour lamp

• Impact on the environment

• Activation time

• On/off cycles

• Service life

• Thermal behaviour

• Flexibility of installation

• Other advantages

• Weakness of the UVC LED vs the mercury vapour lamp

• Fairly low UVC radiation intensity

• High price, low efficacy and high energy to dissipate

• UVC LED: prospects

o Technology of the UVC LED P 143

• Construction

• Emission of photons

• Semi-conductor

• Substrate

• Light extraction

• Manufacturing process

• Service life: loss of power threshold

• Service life: junction temperature and control current

• Service life: impact of package and the environment

o Intellectual property: key facts P 153

• Trend

• Bolb Inc patent

• Stanley Electric patent

• Ushio patent

• Violumas patent

3


©PISEO 2021 | www.piseo.fr | Report UVC LED

Contentso Analysis of portfolio of manufacturers of UVC LEDs P 159

• Manufacturers of UVC LEDs

• American Opto Plus: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Bioraytron: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Bolb: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Crystal IS: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• DUVTek: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Edison Opto: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Everlight: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Lattice Power: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Light Avenue: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Lite-On: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Lumex: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Luminus: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• NationStar: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Nichia: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Nitride Semiconductors: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Osram OS: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Photon Wave: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• QD Jason: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• QTB: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• San’an Optoelectronics: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Seoulviosys: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Stanley Electric: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Sunpu Opto: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• UVON: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Violumas: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• Violumas: thermal management

• Würth Elektronik: portfolio of UVC LEDs

• The wavelength, different strategies

• Minimum products

• Current outputs

• Outputs by wavelength

• Focus on wavelength 265 nm

• Current optical power

• Optical power values by type of package

• Output prospects

• UVC LEDs increasingly effective

• A significant increase in output which is ongoing

• Price prospects

• A downward momentum which seems to be accelerating

• Service life of UVC LEDs

• A great disparity

• Test conditions to be taken into account

o Dimensioning of UVC LED disinfection systems P 198

• Dimensioning of UVC LED systems

• Usage and requirements: necessary dose

• Usage and requirements: exposure time

• Wavelength

• Calculation of minimum optical emission power

• Choice of LED

• Setting density parameters for LEDs and power per LED

• Optical system

• Electronics

• Example of dimensioning

• Optical integration of the UVC LED: sensitivity of materials

• Behaviour of materials exposed to UVC radiation

4



Contents

5


• Degradation of plastics

• Blockage of UVC radiation

• Reflectivity to UVC radiation

• Materials for optical systems

• Example of material for lenses and collimators: quartz glass

• Thermal integration of UVC LEDs

• The system’s performance figures are impacted by current low efficacy

• Cooling systems

• Simulation and measurements

• Mechanical integration of UVC LEDs

• Welding a UVC LED

• Risk of welded joint breakage

• Electrical/electronic integration of UVC LEDs

• Operation under load vs operation when live

• Operation in DC or in pulse-width modulation (PWM)

• Series-parallel assembly

• E.S.D. (Electrostatic Discharge)

• Photobiological hazard

• Characterisation of the spectrum and efficacy of the system

• Calculation of the germicidal efficacy of the system

o Implementation of systems based on UVC LEDs P 238

• Disinfection /purification of water by a UVC LED system

• The reactor

• UVC LED brings flexibility to the design of the reactor

• Reactor: thermal behaviour of UVC LED

• Reactor: emission profile and power of UVC LED

• Reactor: parameters influencing the necessary optical power

• Reactor: homogenisation of exposure to UVC radiation

• disinfection /purification of air by a UVC LED system

• System: the reactor

• Combination UVC and filter

o Landscape of products on the market P 248

• Surface disinfection

• Stethoscope disinfector (Stet Clean)

• Portable lamp (Surenhap)

• Apparatus for disinfecting objects (“Violeds”, SeoulViosys)

• Spatial disinfection

• Apparatus for disinfecting interiors, brand Philips

• Luminaire for lighting and disinfection (“Optimo UVC Lediz, Dietal)

o Market for UVC LEDs and UVC LED systems P 259

• Examples of products based on UVC LEDs

• History

• Market trends and main applications

• Market for UVC LEDs in the area of disinfection /purification

• Current price of UVC LEDs and trends

• Market players

• Acquisition strategies of market players

• OSRAM: new player in the UVC LED market

• Players withdraw or do not enter the UVC LED market

• General trends

• Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic

• Applications for disinfection /purification of water

• Applications for disinfection of air and surfaces


Contents

6


o Regulations and standardisation P 275

• General view: directives, standards, scientific publications

• European Standards Directives

• Standards

• Maximum permitted exposure to UVC radiation at 254 nm

• Scientific publications

• Dosage

• Risk analysis: disinfection efficacy

• Risk analysis: photobiological hazard

• Position adopted by organisations relative to UVC radiation

• Position adopted by the CIE relative to UVC radiation

• Development of restrictions on the use of UVC lamps in Belgium

• Work in progress at the IEC

• North America: 3 reference bodies for disinfection

• North America: joint initiative of IES and IUVA

o Conclusion P 293

o References P 295

o Piséo P 299

• About Piséo

• Our markets

• Our services

• Our technical resources

• What we are known for

• Contact


General Introduction

• Photonic components are developing at a rapid rate, thus enabling innovations to be introduced at systemlevel. The areas of application are immense, and photonics today is used in all business sectors: general

lighting, lighting for cars and transport, manufacturing and process control, space, defence and security,health and well-being, electronics for the general public and professional use, communicationsinfrastructures, watchmaking and many others.

• However, to benefit from the possibilities offered by new components and keep up with improvements inperformance requires an in-depth understanding of the requirements of the applications and technological

characteristics, as well as very good system design capabilities.

• Piséo ‘s application and technical reports aim to provide readers with unique information from thestandpoint of the system integrator and designer. Thanks to their comprehensive content, these reports

provide food for thought before the appropriate technical and strategic decisions are taken.

• In this difficult period of Covid-19, we believe it is urgently necessary to provide in-depth information on

the way in which UVC LEDs could contribute to slowing down the spread of the epidemic.

• This report is an update on the first version published in 2020, and is enriched with recent data in thedynamic field of UVC LEDs.

7©PISEO 2021 | www.piseo.fr | Report UVC LED

Objectives of the report

In the current context of health crisis due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the need to prevent contagion throughdisinfection has become a major issue. Like other coronaviruses, this new virus can be destroyed by UV-C

radiation. Also, with the emergence of UV-C LEDs, the question of the relevance of using this technology tostop the current epidemic arises. This report provides answers to this question by comprehensivelyaddressing the following points.

• Applications of artificial UV-C radiation.

• Principles of disinfection by UV-C radiation.

• State of the art of UV-C LED technology and the outlook for performance changes, compared totraditional UV-C sources.

• Identification and analysis of the offer of UV-C LED manufacturers.

• Principles for integrating UV-C LEDs and designing systems for disinfection, in relation to the requireddoses.

• Doses achievable today and tomorrow by disinfection systems using UV-C LEDs, in conjunction withSARS-CoV-2.

• Presentation of devices currently marketed for different applications.

• UV-C LEDs market and their trends.

• Regulation and standardization in Europe.


Authors of the report

Matthieu VERSTRAETE – Innovation Leader and Electronics & Software Architect - Piséo

• Matthieu Verstraete has more than 20 years of experience acquired mainly within the Philips group. In the earlyyears, this experience led him to participate in the Netherlands in the development of set-top boxes for digitaltelevision and optical DVD playback and burning systems. He was also responsible for the technical specification ofthe Philips group's portfolio of drivers for LED lighting devices worldwide. Prior to joining Piséo, he was Global SystemArchitect for LED outdoor lighting solutions from Signify (ex Philips Lighting). Within Piséo, he directs andparticipates in studies of innovative photonic systems for all fields of application. His role as a system architect leadshim to analyze applications and propose technical solutions that integrate the most recent photonic and electroniccomponents and software bricks.

Joel THOME- General Manager - Piséo

• Joël Thomé has more than 25 years of industrial experience in the field of innovation. For many years, he heldinternational positions in R&D and business line management within the lighting division of the Philips group. Henotably participated in the transformation of the company’s product portfolio through the integration of LEDtechnology and lighting control functions. Joël Thomé has been managing and developing Piséo since 2013 andregularly conducts market and state-of-the-art technological studies in collaboration with the company YoleDéveloppement.


About PISEO

The company which already exists for 9 years specializes in the design, realization and characterization ofillumination, detection and imaging systems that integrate advanced photonic technologies such as LED’s,

VCSELs, laser diodes, photodiodes, imaging sensors, material for optics...

Piséo offers application and technical analysis, optical and system design, prototyping and characterizationservices for devices using UV, VIS and IR radiations.

Piséo runs analyses in partnership with System Plus Consulting and Yole Développement which is one of thecompany’s main shareholders.


Examples of realized projects and services:

Freeform opticdesign and

realization for streetlighting

UV-C illuminatordesign and

realization

VCSEL basedsystem design

and realization

Imaging opticalsystem design

and realization

IR camera performances

analysisGoniophotometry

UV measurementsand

photobiologicalrisk assesment

Introduction

• For more than 40 years UV-C light has been used for the disinfection ofwater, air and surface against pathologies dangerous to humans(microorganisms: viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, etc.).

• So far it is mainly low-pressure mercury vapor lamps that have been

used in UV-based disinfection systems.

• With the technological advances of LEDs in recent years and theprospects, as well as regulations limiting the use of mercury in lamps(Minamata convention), UV-C LEDs are becoming a potentiallyinteresting source for disinfection systems based on UV.

UV-C LED is a recent player in the field of UV disinfection.


Different UV radiationsPropagation and biological effects of UV radiation

Type of UV

Wavelength(photon energy)

Propagation Biological effects

UV-A"black-light"

315-400 nm

(3,10 – 3,94 eV)

• 95% of UV radiation that reaches the Earth's surface

• Most penetrating UV rays (skin, glass)

Dangerous:• Eye damage: photokeratitis, photo-retinitis, retinal damage,

cataract• Epidermal effects: erythema, wrinkles, cancerBeneficial:• Reduction of myopia

UV-B280-315 nm

(3,94 – 4,43 eV)

• Partially filtered by the atmosphere

Dangerous:• Eye damage: photokeratitis, cataracts• Epidermal effects: erythema, cancerBeneficial:• Synthesis of vitamin D• Positive effect on certain skin pathologies

UV-C"Deep UV"

200-280 nm

(4,43 – 12,4 eV)

• Completely filtered by the ozone layer from the atmosphere

Dangerous:• Epidermal effects: erythema• Eye damage: photokeratitis, cataractsBeneficial:• Germicidal effect

V-UV100-200 nm

(6,20 – 124 eV)

• Propagation only in vacuumDangerous:• Epidermal effects: erythema• Eye damage: photokeratitis

UV-C is a dangerous radiation for humans but has a

germicidal effect to exploit.

The 4 types of UV have dangerous biological effects for humans, but also have useful or interesting biological effects for humans.


Low power disinfection systems

Disinfection / sterilization of surfaces and objectsApplication segmentation

Medium power disinfection system

High power disinfectionsystem

0 - 3 3 - a few dozen 10 – a few hundredsOutput power (Wopt)

50 - 1500System price ($) 20 - 500

Short/Middle term Middle termUV-C LED Market Outlook Short term

1000 - 10000

Food, medicalPortable Medical, public places

In the disinfection / purification of surfaces and objects market there is a

certain diversity of applications that can be segmented according to their

power.

Involved powers segment the surface and object disinfection

market.


Domestic / residential

Air disinfection / purificationApplication segmentation

Professional (industry, offices, hospitals)

5 – 10 10 - 60Output power (Wopt)

800System price ($) 200

UV-C LED Market Outlook

500 – 10 000

short – middle term

Mobile units Heating, Ventilatingand Air Conditioning

(in the ducts)Wall/ceiling

Heating, ventilation and air conditioning

(in ducts)

500 – 10 000Flow (liters / minute)

In the air disinfection / purification market there is a certain diversity of applications, which can be segmented according to whether they are domestic / residential or professional applications.

The disinfection and air purification market becomes accessible to UV-C

LEDs.

14

Source: Yole Développement [Yole_UV_LED_2018_Technology_Manufacturing_and_Application_Trends_Report]

©PISEO 2021 | www.piseo.fr | Rapport LED UV-C

UV-C radiation disinfection mechanism

The D.N.A. and the R.N.A. contain the geneticinformation specific to the species, information that istransmitted during the reproduction of these cells.

The photochemical reactions created by the absorption

of UV-C energy lead to the creation of distortions in theD.N.A. or R.N.A., making replication of themicroorganism ineffective or impossible.

This results in cell death or the appearance of ageneration of mutants that are non-viable or unable to

reproduce.

UV-C radiation, a real micro-organism killer.

Deterioration of the D.N.A. and the R.N.A.


UV-C energy (photons) deteriorates the D.N.A. and the R.N.A. micro-organisms(viruses, bacteria, fungi, etc.), making them instantly incapable of reproducing,and therefore harmless.

source: LightSources

In order to determine the dose necessary to render a microorganisminactive, several parameters must be taken into account :

• The nature of the microorganism to be treated.

• The rate of contamination of the medium to be treated.

• The level of disinfection required.

• The wavelength of the source.

• The environment.

Several key parameters.

Fundamental quantitiesDose calculation


Under the same UV-C exposure conditions, and toachieve an identical level of disinfection, eachmicroorganism requires a different dose.

Thus, there is no single dose value, dose indications

are provided in the form of tables covering differentmicro-organisms.

To interpret these tables, it is essential to know theexposure conditions which made it possible toobtain these values.

Note: the values given in the tables are the result oflaboratory experiments, for the same micro-organism there can therefore be different valuesdepending on the protocol and the conditions usedby the laboratory which carried out the experiment.

source: extract of ILC 155:2003

Each micro-organism requires a different dose.

Fundamental quantitiesDose: influence of the nature of the micro-organism


Until now the doses needed to inactive SARS-CoV-2 were estimated using thesimilarity of SARS-CoV-2 with other Coronaviruses known for several years,and for which the doses had been determined by microbiological laboratories.

2 recent studies carried out by laboratories now allow to rely on the results of

experiments on SARS-CoV-2.

Dose values are starting to be available for SARS-CoV-2.


Fundamental quantitiesDose: SARS-CoV-2

The wavelength 222 nm is increasingly attracting interest as a germicidalwavelength, as according to several studies it would not be dangerous to humanbeings.

In comparison with wavelength 254 nm, wavelength 222 nm is stopped by the

skin’s outermost layer and cannot reach the basal layer of the epidermis.

As far as the eye is concerned, this wavelength is absorbed by the externalaqueous layer, thus preventing the radiation from penetrating inside the eye.

Comparison 254 nm vs 222 nm

Source: Ushio Inc.

The wavelength 222 nm would not penetrate human tissue.

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Wavelength 222 nmAbsence of harmful effects observed on people


Numerous patents have been registered on LEDs; however, the technology ofUVC LEDs is different from LEDs with visible rays, and even LEDs in the UVAand UVB wavelengths, giving rise to specific patents.

The Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated the number of patents published

annually on UVC LEDs.

Intellectual property: key facts

20

Trends


An explosion in the number of patents published on UVC LEDs

since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic. Source Piséo.

Research carried out using the PatentPulse tool withkeys ["LED" AND ("UVC" OR "UVC")].

The poor current performance of UVC LEDs is adisincentive to adoption of the technology by themarket.

However, this technology has not yet fully matured,

and manufacturers continue to improve theperformance of their UVC LEDs regularly.

An improvement in performance enables the poweremitted to be increased, which is another hurdle toovercome in developing the market for UVC LEDs.

According to the study “The 2020 UV emitterroadmap”(September 2020), UVC LEDs with efficacygreater than 10% ought to be available commerciallyby 2022. This is in line with the 888888 forecasts fortheir portfolio of UVC LEDs.

Remove the hurdles to adoption of the technology by the

market by increasing output.

21

Performance prospectsIncreasing efficacy of UVC LEDs


Performance roadmaps of UV-C LED manufacturers 88888 and 88888.

Source: Data provided by UV-C LED manufacturers.

EpitaxyManufacturing

of the chipEncapsulation

• Inspection• Lithography• Engraving• Metallization / contacts

/ mirrors

Making the wafer

(substrate)

• Mixing of materials to form the substrate and bar molding

• Cutting the bar into slices (wafer)

• Polishing / modeling of the wafer

• Cleaning the wafer

• Growth of the different layers:

• Nucleation layer• N-type layer• Active layer• P-type layer

• Substrate removal• Cutout• Tests• Mounting the chip in

the package• Electrical connections

(wire-bond)• Finalization of the

package (ex: resin, optical lens)

Quality control

• Classification by bin (power, color, Vf)

• Thermal, electrical, mechanical stress test (on samples taken)

Source: Nikkei LithographieSource: Sachem

Source: Luminus (XBT-3535)Source: ResearchGate

22

UV-C LED technologyManufacturing process

©PISEO 2021 | www.piseo.fr | Rapport LED UV-C

American Opto Plus is an American manufacturer whose portfolio of High Power UVC LEDs is available in 3 footprint versions, with emission angles ranging from 30° to 120°, amounting to a total of 27 UVC LED products.

Package : 3535 3535 3535 4545

Emission angle : 45° et 120° 120° 30°, 80°, 100°, 120° 30°, 60°, 120°

Wavelength : 275 255 275 275

Optical power : 4.4 – 21.8 mW 8 mW 3.6 – 10.4 mW 1.6 – 5.6 mW

Electrical power : 0.3 – 1.5 W 0.5 W 0.15 – 0.86 W 0.15 – 0.55

Efficiency : 1.2 – 1.5 % 1.7 % 1.2 – 2.5 % 0.9 – 1.2%

A wide variety of emission angles and powers.

UVC LED manufacturersAmerican Opto Plus: portfolio of UVC LEDs

23

L933 3.5 x 3.5mm seriesL933 3.45 x 3.45mm series L944 4.4 x 4.4mm series

Note: In order to make the most accurate possible comparisons of performance figures, for each LED the current is fixed at 80% of its maximum current.


Optical design:

Dose : 46 * mJ/cm²

Wavelength : 265 nm

Minimum irradiance on the target : 0.383 mW/cm²

Uniformity parameter (min / medium) : 75%

Average irradiance on the target : 0.51 mW/cm²

Optical power on the target : 306 mW

Optical efficiency (target / source) : 42%

Total optical power emitted by the sources : 729 mW

* This value is based on the results of the study by Inagaki (Japan) published in July 2020: [Rapid inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 with Deep-UV LED irradiation]). From these results, Piséo estimated the dose by taking into account the environment to be treated (surface) and the level of disinfection to be achieved.The dose used here is only an example. It does not engage the responsibility of Piséo.


Designing UV-C LED systemsDesign example Disinfection cabinet for medical equipment

Simulation carried out by Piséo with LightTools 9.0 software

As UVC LED technology is relativelyrecent, the price of componentsremains high (cost of materials,development costs, low volumes etc.)

However, for several years the price ofUVC LEDs has seen a significant annualdownward momentum which iscontinuing.

In 2021, manufacturers of LEDsreached the threshold of $8.88/mW forsignificant volumes (several hundredthousand items).

The current COVID-19 pandemic hascreated considerable demand and UVCLED manufacturers, facing a shortfall,are adapting their production methodsin order to increase their capacity, afactor which was not predicted untilrecently. This increase in volume oughtto support the trend for pricereductions in UVC LEDs.

A high price and

sustained

momentum in price

reductions which has

accelerated with the

COVID-19

pandemic.

25

Market for UVC LEDsCurrent price of UVC LEDs and trends

Source: Yole Développement [UV LEDs – Market and Technology Trends 2021]


Standards

IEC/EN 62471

IEC/EN 60335-1IEC/EN 60335-2-23IEC/EN 60335-2-27IEC/EN 60335-2-65IEC/EN 60335-2-109

NF/EN 14255-1NF/EN 14255-2NF/EN 14255-4

ISO 15858-07-2016

Directives(of the European Parliament and

Council)

Directive 2014/35/CE (DBT)

Directive 2006/25/CE

Directive 2001/95/CE

Scientific Publications

CIE 155-2003

CIE 187-2010

IES-CR-2-20-V1a

NS 347

With the aim of protecting individuals, the Council and Parliament of the European Union haveadopted directives which UVC products and their usage must meet. These directives refer tostandards, enabling companies to comply with the regulations. Finally, the scientific community haspublished papers enabling UVC systems to be specified that are suitable for their application.

26

Regulations and standardisationGeneral view: directives, standards, scientific publications

: standard notified explicitly in the directive: standard not notified in the directive but used by laboratories to check compliance


Contact ourSales Team for more information

27

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• UV LEDs and UV Lamps –Market and Technology

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https://www.i-micronews.com/products/uv-leds-and-uv-lamps-market-and-technology-trends-2021

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Western US & Canada

Steve Laferriere - [email protected]

+ 1 310 600 8267

Eastern US & Canada

Chris Youman - [email protected]

+1 919 607 9839

Europe and Rest of the World

Lizzie Levenez - [email protected]

+49 15 123 544 182

Benelux, UK & Scandinavia

Marine Wybranietz - [email protected]

+49 69 96 21 76 78

India and Rest of Asia

Takashi Onozawa - [email protected]

+81 80 4371 4887

Greater China

Mavis Wang - [email protected]

+886 979 336 809 +86 136 6156 6824

Korea

Peter Ok - [email protected]

+82 10 4089 0233

Japan

Miho Ohtake - [email protected]

+81 34 4059 204

Japan and Singapore

Itsuyo Oshiba - [email protected]

+81 80 3577 3042

Japan

Toru Hosaka – [email protected]

+81 90 1775 3866

GENERAL

› Joël Thomé, General Manager

[email protected] - +33 (0) 6 68 62 49 06

› Marie-Eve Fraisse, Sales

[email protected] - +33 (0) 4 26 83 02 25

› General inquiries: [email protected] - +33 4 72 83 01 80

CONTACT US

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uv-c leds at the time of covid-19 - piseo

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