using visual supports to teach independent behavior presenters: ashley schnittker and suzy dees
TRANSCRIPT
Using Visual Supports to Teach Using Visual Supports to Teach Independent BehaviorIndependent Behavior
Presenters: Presenters: Ashley Schnittker and Suzy DeesAshley Schnittker and Suzy Dees
Visual Strategies -- Targets• Awareness of the research validity regarding
the use of visual strategies• Identify a variety of types of visual strategies
to use with students• Determine where and when to use visual
strategies• Walk away with a tool-kit of visual strategy
resources to use next year
ASD Processing Skills
• Strengths: Visual Processing
• Weakness: Auditory
What is a visual schedule?
An visual schedule is comprised of objects, pictures and/or words that:
• show the sequence of steps needed to complete an activity
• list the occurrences of daily events (daily routine)
• provide structure for unstructured down time (play)
Schedules
Schedules may be objects, pictures only, pictures with text, or just text
This will depend on the child’s level of functioning
A picture activity schedule can often be faded to a written schedule as the child learns to read
Purpose of Visual Schedules
• To increase on-task behavior
• To decrease inappropriate behaviors
• To facilitate smooth transitions from one activity to the next
• To enhance acquisition of new skills
• To increase independence
• To promote self-management
• Video: The Importance of Visual Schedules
Types of Visual Representations
Concrete
Abstract
Object Schedule
Multiple Representation Systems
TOBI
Photograph
Real Objects
Line Drawing
Reinforcer
All Done Pocket
First/Then Schedules(home and school)
• For especially challenging transitions at school, an “First/Then” mini schedule can be used
FIRST THEN
Transition Cards
Clip Board
Clip Board
Binder
Across School Settings
• Cafeteria – use tape to X seat or to place boundries
• GYM class – use a schedule on the wall with an all done folder– Follow the board. Students with ASD don’t argue
with a board.
Courtesy of www.do2learn.com
Visual Schedules
Pinterest Idea
Pinterest Idea #2
Schedule Change
Car Rides
Daily Living Skills~ Toileting ~
Visual Schedules Across All Ages
Adult use of schedules include:
• “To do” lists (Smart Phones)• Microsoft Outlook calendar• Teachers’ lesson plans, agendas• Cookbooks, IKEA instructions
Schedules and Visuals for Older Students
SLANT
Physical Structure
Visual Boundaries
Visual Boundaries
Build your own divider: http://www.diyphotography.net/diy_studio_equipment_backdrop_stand
Line UP
Social Narratives• My name is Jacob. I am in the second grade. Sometimes the children in my class stand in a line.• The children in my class stand in a line when we are getting ready to go to another part of the school like the lunchroom or
the library.• The children in my class walk in a line to move safely in the halls. If another group of students are walking in the hall going
in a different direction, our class and their class can pass one another easily. That's why teachers have asked children to walk in lines for many years. It is a safe and orderly way to move groups of children through the school building.
• Sometimes I am the line leader. This means that the other children in my class will walk behind me. Sometimes I am second, or third, or last, or maybe I'm somewhere in the middle of the line.
• Many children in my class like to be the line leader. My teacher knows who the line leader is each day. Teachers know about being fair and try to make sure each child gets a turn to be the line leader.
• It's important to follow directions about who is line leader. My turn to be line leader again gets closer every time the children in my class walk in a line!
• Adapted from The Gray Center, http://www.thegraycenter.org.
Social Story given to Kira when we introduced her token system at the beginning of the year:
I will not hit, bite, kick or pinch other people. When I hit, bite, kick or pinch others, it hurts and it is wrong. It makes people mad and me and not want to be my friend. If I am mad or if something is bothering me, I will say, “I don’t understand” or “I am mad” or “Please leave me alone”. Telling people what is wrong is okay.
I can earn yellow “thumbs up” tickets in my classes. I can earn 2 tickets in each class. If I follow all of the rules and don’t hit, bite, kick or pinch, I will earn both tickets. But if I don’t follow the rules, I will either earn 1 ticket or maybe no tickets.
I can use my tickets to earn prizes, such as a soda, a candy bar, something from the classroom store, and even tickets to sporting events or a Normal West t-shirt!
Power Cards
• Visual aids that incorporate a child’s special interest to help promote an understanding of social situations, hidden curriculum items, routines, organizational skills and transitions.
Power Cards:• A brief scenario that deals with a situation that is difficult for a child• Written in first person from the perspective of a child’s hero and describe
how the hero solves the problem.• A small card recaps how the child can use the same strategy to solve a
similar problem of her own.
Power Cards-Social Script• Will Smith is a cool guy who has made a lot of movies. It takes a lot of
people doing many jobs to make a good movie. Sometimes Will or others make mistakes on the movie set. Will Smith stays calm when he or someone else makes a mistake. If he needs to, he asks for help. Will Smith knows that everyone make mistakes.
• Will would like everyone to remember to stay calm when mistakes happen, to ask for help if it is needed, and that EVERYONE makes mistakes!
Power Cards
Calming Strategies
Incredible 5 Point Scale
Restate the question
I think/ I feel…
This reminds me of…
The text says…
I will know that it is time to tell the class:
When Mrs. Kintner hands me the Doodlebot:
Mrs. Kintner needs to give us directions or teach us how to do something. While she is talking we all need to listen quietly!!
When Mrs. Kintner asks for the Doodlebot back I know that it is time for us to get to work? I will say to everyone:
Please get to work now!!!
Apps for Self Regulation• Calm Counter• SOSH• MeMoves• Touch and Learn – Emotions: by Innovative Mobile Apps• ABA Flash Cards and Games Emotions: by Alligator Apps• Emotions: by Kindergarten.com• Autism Emotion by Model Me Kids• AutismXpress• Autism 5 point Scale EP• Shrinky: Anxiety• Ambiance• Relaxation Melodies• Soundscape• Pocket Pond• Fluidity• Fluid Monkey• Marine Aquarium
Wrap Up
• Stand and Deliver• Complete your pre-post assessment• Complete Evaluation Form
ReferencesLynn E. McClannahan, L.E. & Krantz, P.J. (1998). Activity schedules for children with
autism: Teaching independent behavior. Bethesda, MD: Woodbine House.
Bryan, L.C. & Gast, D.L. (2000). Teaching on-task and on-schedule behaviors to high-functioning children with autism via picture activity schedules. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30, 553-567.
Dooley, P. (2001). Using an activity schedule to smooth school transitions. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 3, 57-62.
Stokes, Susan. Structured Teaching: Strategies for Supporting Students with Autism. Under contract with CESA 7 and funded by a discretionary grant from the Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction. http://www.specialed.us/autism/structure/str10.htm
Autism Internet Modules (2013) . www.autisminternetmodules.org. OCALI ESC of Central Ohio.
Michelle Garcia Winner (2007) Thinking About You Thinking About Me. www.socialthinking.com
Sarah Ward, M.S., CCC/SLP and Kristen Jacobensen, M.S., CCC/SLP (2013). www.cognitivetherapyconnections.com
Understanding Time
• A Wondertime Clock: Sarah Ward• www.executivefunctiontherapy.com
• Timetimer
Time Estimates ExamplesTask Guess Time Actual Time
Eating Lunch
Playing video Games
Getting ready for school
Doing our math homework
From Michelle Garcia Winner 2009
Assignments/Student Instruction
= Go to next problem. Teacher will help later.
Visual Organization for Worksheets
Apps for Organization and Transition Skills
• ChoiceWorks• First – Then visual Schedule• Video Scheduler• Time Timer• Visual Timer HD• iSee-quence • ToDo
Video Modeling/ Video Self-Modeling
Benefits of Video Modeling
Video Modeling
Video Modeling
• iMovie (4.99)