using linux on the server side

8/8/2019 Using Linux on the Server Side

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Using Linux on the Server sideUsing Linux on the Server side

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Client Server ArchitectureClient Server Architecture

y T he Internet based on the client-serverarchitecture.

y Your computer runs software called theclient and it interacts with another

software known as the server located ata remote computer.

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y A client does not share any of itsresources, but requests a server's contentor service function. C lients thereforeinitiate communication sessions with

servers which await incoming requests.

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W hat is Server?W hat is Server?y T he server component provides a

function or service to one or manyclients, which initiate requests for suchservices.

y A server machine is a host that is runningone or more server programs which

share their resources with clients.

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W hat is server?W hat is server? contdcontdy Servers provide essential services across

a network, either to private users inside alarge organization or to public users viathe Internet .

y Many servers have dedicated functionalitysuch as web servers , print servers , and

database servers .

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W hat is web server?W hat is web server?y A web server can be referred to as

either the hardware, the computer or thesoftware, the computer application thathelps to deliver content that can beaccessed through the internet.

y Most people think a web server is just thehardware computer,but a web server isalso referred to asthe softwarethat is installed in the

hardware computer. 8



y T he hardware part is what houses the

content, while the software part is whatmakes the content accessible through theinternet.

y T he most common use of web servers areto host websites but there are other useslike data storage or for running enterpriseapplications.

y There are also different ways to requestcontent from a web server. T he most

common request is the HTTP , but there arealso other requests like the IMAP or the FTP .

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Common features of WebCommon features of Web

server server

y Virtual hostingy Large file supporty Band w idth throttlingy Server-side scripting

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Using Linux on server sideUsing Linux on server sidey Since Linux is more stable and customizable,

it makes the operating system especiallysuitable for running servers which can·tafford to have downtime.

y Now in industry we are using Linux basedsoftware solutions to do various types of works in server side

Ex: Server OS, Server applications

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W hy Linux?W hy Linux?A s mentioned earlier, Linux isan open source which meansthat the code is open forexperts to peruse and point

out improvements.

T he goal of the developers who have beenstudying and refining the open source code is to

make it faster, simpler, more efficient and bug-free.

T hat·s why Linux web hosting is considered to bemore stable and reliable than W indows web hosting.

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y Linux is an open source software product and thusit does not need the high licensing fees that otheroperating systems do; you can freely download anduse it at no cost.

y A Linux website can easily be converted to aW indows website without much hassle. A lso, thewebsite can easily be changed as the requirementof the user grows.

W hy Linux?W hy Linux? ² ² Reasons««.Reasons««.

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y Linux web hosting is very economical as Linux is a freeoperating system. Usually, only the cost of distribution is

borne by the host or owner.

y W hen the scripting language like P HP, My-SQL, or Perletc. are required for your website then Linux server

hosting is the most reliable and cost effective.

y By lots of circles Linux web hosting is supposed to bemuch securing than windows hosting.

y If you need not to have any unique features for yourwebsite, like cart, searchable database etc, Linux serverhosting is a finest alternative for your needs.

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y In September 2006 that eight of the tenmost reliable internet hosting companiesran Linux distributions on their webservers.

y

Linux was also selected as the operatingsystem for the world's most powerfulsupercomputer, ex: IBM's Sequoia

y Recently the world's fastestsupercomputer. It uses the C ray LinuxEnvironment as its operating system.

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Vendor Product Web SitesHosted Percent

A pache A pache 148,08 5 ,963 5 9.36%

Microsoft IIS 5 6,637,980 22.70%

Igor Sysoev nginx 1 5 ,05 8,114 6.04%

Google G W S 14,827,15 7 5 .94%

lighttpd lighttpd 2,070,300 0.83%

Market StructureMarket StructureBelow is the most recent statistics of the market share of thetop web servers on the internet by Netcraft survey inNovember 2010

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y Linux distributions are the cornerstone of the LA MP server-software combination

y Linuxy A

pachey MySQLy P HP / Perl / P ython

which has achieved popularity amongdevelopers, and which is one of the morecommon platforms for website hosting.

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A pacheA pache -- TomcatTomcaty A web server softwarey A pache is primarily used to serve both static

content and dynamic W eb pages on theW orld W ide W eb.

y Many web applications are designedexpecting the environment and features thatA pache provides.

y P rogrammers developing web applicationsoften use a locally installed version of A pachein order to preview and test code as it isbeing developed.

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MySqlMySqly My SQL is a relational database

management system (RDBMS) that runs asa server providing multi-user access to anumber of databases.

y Open source DBMS software solution.y It is a popular choice of database for use

in web applications.

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P HPP HP

y P HP is a general-purpose scriptinglanguage that is especially suited to server-side web development where P HP

generally runs on a web server.y P HP can be deployed on most web servers ,

many operating systems and platforms, and canbe used with many relational database

management systems (RDBMS).y It is available free of charge, and the P HP Group

provides the complete source code for users tobuild, customize and extend for their own use.

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P ythonP ythony P ython is an interpreted, general-

purpose high-level programming languagey P ython interpreters are available for many

operating systems.y P ython is often used as a scripting

language for web applications .y P ython is managed by the non-profit

P ython Software Foundation.

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PerlPerly Perl is a high-level, general-purpose,

interpreted, dynamic programminglanguage

y It is used for graphics programming ,system administration , network programming , applications that requiredatabase access and C GI programming onthe W eb

y Perl is Open Source software, licensedunder its A rtistic License, or the GNUGeneral P ublic License (G P L).

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Server Operating SystemsServer Operating Systemsy A server operating system is software

that was especially developed to serve asa platform for running multi-usercomputer programs, applications that arenetworked.

y Server-oriented operating systems tend

to have certain features in common thatmake them more suitable for the serverenvironment.

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Server OS SpecificationsServer OS Specificationsy GUI not available or optionaly A bility to reconfigure and update both

hardware and software to some extentwithout restart

y A dvanced backup facilitiesy Flexible and advanced networking

capabilitiesy T ight system security, with advanced user,

resource, data, and memory protection.24



Widel y Use Linux Server Widel y Use Linux Server

DistributionsDistributionsy Ubuntu

A t the top of almost every Linux-relatedlist, Debian-based Ubuntu is in a class byitself. It surpasses all other distributionsfrom its simple installation to its excellent

hardware discovery to its world-classcommunity support.

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y SUSE

Novell-owned SUSE Linux is stable, easy-to-maintain and offers Novell's 24x7rapid-response support. SUSE LinuxEnterprise Server is a highly reliable,

scalable and secure server operatingsystem, built to power both physical andvirtual mission-critical workloads.

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y Red Hat

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) startedout as the "little Linux company thatcould" and is now a major force in the

quest for data center rack space.T

heLinux darling of large companiesthroughout the world, Red Hat'sinnovations and non-stop support willhave you coming back for more.

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y MandrivaT

his incredibly well-constructed Linuxdistribution hails from France and claimsextreme acceptance in Europe and SouthA merica. It is, as its website claims, aworldwide Linux provider. Its name andits construction derive from theMandrake Linux and C onnectiva Linux

distributions.

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y X androsT he company's products empowerW indows-centric businesses to benefit from

the flexibility, reliability and security of Linuxand open source, without requiring Linuxexpertise.X andros was founded in 2001, and is

headquartered in New York, with offices inOttawa, Frankfurt and Sao P aulo., X androsand Microsoft collaborate in what's knownin technical circles as "cooperatition." T his

means that they compete. 29



y SlackwareW hile not generally associated withcommercial distributions, Slackware

maintains relationships with severalcompanies that provide fee-basedsupport. One of the earliest availabledistributions, Slackware has an extensiveand faithful fan base. Its developersregularly release new versions.

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y Debian

If you're confused by Debian's inclusionhere, don't be. Debian doesn't have formal

commercial support but you can connectwith Debian-savvy consultants around theworld via their C onsultants page. Debianhas spawned more child distributions thanany other parent distribution includingUbuntu, Linux Mint and Vyatta.

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y Vyatta

Vyatta is revolutionizing the networkingindustry by delivering a software-based,open-source, network operating system

that is portable to standard x86 hardwareas well as common virtualization andcloud computing platforms. Vyatta workswell for your secure communicationsneeds.

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y C entOSC entOS isn't strictly commercial but sinceit's based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux,you can leverage commercial support for

it. C entOS has its own repositories andcommunity support and is not the sameas Fedora Linux.

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y Unbreakable Linux

Oracle's Unbreakable Linux is Red HatEnterprise Linux with some Oracle logosand art. Oracle competes directly with

Red Hat with their distribution and quiteeffectively, since purchased supportthrough Oracle is half the price of RedHat's equivalent model.

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Samba ServerSamba Servery Its use to share resources in

heterogeneous Unix- W indows networks.y P articularly it is focused on a Linux

system with Samba in order to run someservices, typically provided by W indowsoperating systems.

y Linux server with Samba substitutes allfunctions of a server based on Microsoftoperating system, with no changes in theclients computers.

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T he LinuxT he Linux VirtualVirtual ServerServer -- LVSLVSy T he Linux Virtual Server is a highly

scalable and highly available server builton a cluster of real servers, with the load

balancer running on the Linux operatingsystem.y T he architecture of the server cluster is

fully transparent to end users, and the

users interact as if it were a single high-performance virtual server.y It is an open source project

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Group MembersGroup Members

y W .M.D.M.W ijesundara 10020926y M.H.S.Kumarasiri 10020934y C

.Hettiarachchi 10020942y G.T.T.K.P ushpasiri 100209 5 2y H.L.S.Milinda 10020969y Vikum Madushan 10020977y Kasuri T hyumini 1002098 5

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T hank T hank YouYou38

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