using data mining techniques to analyze crime pattern

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Using Data Mining Using Data Mining Techniques to Analyze Techniques to Analyze

Crime PatternCrime Pattern

Dr.Dr.Zakaria Suliman ZubiZakaria Suliman ZubiAssociate ProfessorAssociate ProfessorComputer Science DepartmentComputer Science DepartmentFaculty of ScienceFaculty of ScienceSirte UniversitySirte UniversitySirte, LibyaSirte, Libya

Presented by:Presented by:

www.themegallery.com

ContentsContents AbstractAbstract..

Introduction.Introduction. Data Mining Models.Data Mining Models. Why Analyze Crime?Why Analyze Crime? Data Mining Task.Data Mining Task. Data Set.Data Set. The MLCR Proposed Model.The MLCR Proposed Model. ConclusionConclusion..


AbstractAbstract Law enforcement agencies represented in the police today faced a

large volume of data every day. These data can be processed and transformed into useful information. In this since, Data mining can be applied to greatly improve crime analysis. Which can help to reduce and preventing crime as much as possible.

Crime reports and data are used as an input for the formulation of the crime prevention policies and strategic plans.

This work will apply some data mining methods to analyses Libyan national criminal record data to help the Libyan government to make a strategically decision regarding prevention the increasing of the high crime rate these days.

The data was collected manually from Benghazi, Tripoli, and Al-Jafara Supremes Security Committee (SSC).

Our proposed model will be able to extract crime patterns by using association rule mining and clustering to classify crime records on the basis of the values of crime attributes.


ContentsContents

AbstractAbstract.. Introduction.Introduction.

Data Mining Models.Data Mining Models. Why Analyze Crime?Why Analyze Crime? Data Mining Task.Data Mining Task. Data Set.Data Set. The MLCR Proposed Model.The MLCR Proposed Model. ConclusionConclusion..


IntroductionIntroduction Data Mining or Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) in simple

words is nontrivial extraction of implicit, previously unknown, and potentially useful information from data.

KDD is the process of identifying a valid, potentially, useful and ultimately understandable structure in data..

Crime analyzes is an emerging field in law enforcement without standard definitions. This makes it difficult to determine the crime analyzes focus for agencies that are new to the field.

Crime analysis is act of analyzing crime. More specifically, crime analysis is the breaking up of acts committed in violation of laws into their parts to find out their nature and reporting, some analysis.

The role of the crime analysts varies from agency to agency. Statement of these findings, The objective of most crime analysis is to find meaningful information in vast amounts of data and disseminate this information to officers and investigators in the field to assist in their efforts to apprehend criminals and suppress criminal activity.


ContentsContents

AbstractAbstract.. Introduction.Introduction. Data Mining Models.Data Mining Models.

Why Analyze Crime?Why Analyze Crime? Data Mining Task.Data Mining Task. Data Set.Data Set. The MLCR Proposed Model.The MLCR Proposed Model. ConclusionConclusion..


Data Mining ModelsData Mining Models

The Data Mining models are categorized into different leaves. Further, each leaf signifies the relationship, if any, that is highlighted from the database. the Data Mining Models can be put into one of the six main

categories: 1) Association, 2) Classification, 3) Clustering, 4) Prediction, 5) Sequence Discovery, and 6) Generalization


data Mining Models Cont…data Mining Models Cont… Table 2 classifies the various Data Mining algorithms according to problem type, namely, Association,

Classification, Clustering, Prediction, Discovery, and Summarization.


Data Mining models Cont…Data Mining models Cont… Cont….


ContentsContents

AbstractAbstract. . Introduction.Introduction. Data Mining Models.Data Mining Models. Why Analyze Crime?Why Analyze Crime?

Data Mining Task.Data Mining Task. Data Set.Data Set. The MLCR Proposed Model.The MLCR Proposed Model. ConclusionConclusion..


Why Analyze Crime?Why Analyze Crime?Crime Analysts usually tend to justify their existence as crime analysts in what is

known as law enforcement agency. it makes sense to analyze crime. Some good reasons are listed as follow:

1. Analyze crime to inform law enforcers about general and specific crime trends, patterns, and series in an ongoing, timely manner.

2. Analyze crime to take advantage of the abundance of information existing in law enforcement agencies, the criminal justice system, and public domain.

3. Analyze crime to maximize the use of limited law enforcement resources.

4. Analyze crime to have an objective means to access crime problems locally, regionally, nationally within and between law enforcement agencies.

5. Analyze crime to be proactive in detecting and preventing crime.

6. Analyze crime to meet the law enforcement needs of a changing society.


Why Analyze Crime?Why Analyze Crime? Cont…Cont…

In general there are four different techniques for analyzing crimes, as follow: 1. Linkage Analysis

2. Statistical Analysis

3. Profiling

4. Spatial Analysis

Each of the above techniques has its own advantages and drawbacks and can be used in specific cases.


ContentsContents

AbstractAbstract. . Introduction.Introduction. Data Mining Models.Data Mining Models. Why Analyze Crime?Why Analyze Crime? Data Mining Task.Data Mining Task.

Data Set.Data Set. The MLCR Proposed Model.The MLCR Proposed Model. ConclusionConclusion..


Data Mining TaskData Mining Task

A. Data collection. The dataset that was used as training and testing data

set were extracted from the Supreme Security Committee in Tripoli, Benghazi and Al-Jafara. These data contain data about both Crimes and Criminals with the following main attributes:

1. Crime ID: Individual crimes are designated by unique crime id.2. Crime type: indicates crime type.3. Date: Indicate when a crime happened.4. Gender: Male or Female.5. Age: age of individual Criminal.6. Crime Address: location of the crime.7. Marital status: status of the Criminal.


Data Mining Task Data Mining Task Cont…Cont…B. Data Preprocessing .

Real world usually have the following drawbacks: Incompleteness, Noisy, and Inconsistence. So these data need to be preprocessed to get the data suitable for analysis purpose. The preprocessing includes the following tasks as it shown in 1. Data cleaning.

2. Data integration

3. Data transformation.

4. Data reduction.

5. Data discretization

Figure (2) shows the distribution of offenses versus different crime and criminal attributes.

Figure (2): attributes for crime and criminal


ContentsContents AbstractAbstract. . Introduction.Introduction. Data Mining Models.Data Mining Models. Why Analyze Crime?Why Analyze Crime? Data Mining Task.Data Mining Task. Data Set.Data Set.

The MLCR Proposed Model.The MLCR Proposed Model. ConclusionConclusion..


Data SetData Set

We will consider crime database as a training dataset used in

our model. The mentioned database contains a real data values

from crime and criminal attributes. We will also consider 70

percent as training value of the proposed model and 30 percent

for testing. The following table shows the data we used in our

model.


ContentsContents AbstractAbstract. . Introduction.Introduction. Data Mining Models.Data Mining Models. Why Analyze Crime?Why Analyze Crime? Data Mining Task.Data Mining Task. Data Set.Data Set. The MLCR Proposed Model.The MLCR Proposed Model.

ConclusionConclusion..


The MLCR proposed modelThe MLCR proposed model The Mining Libyan Criminal Record (MLCR) proposed model will be implemented to conduct and interact with two types of mining algorithms to overcome

with two different types of results effectively. Those two approaches are considered as a sub-prototypes of the proposed MLCR model. Those prototypes will be illustrated as follows:

A.Mining Libyan Criminal Record-using Association rules (MLCR-AR).

B.Mining Libyan Criminal Record-using Clustering (MLCR-C).


The MLCR proposed model The MLCR proposed model Cont… Cont…

A. Mining Libyan Criminal Record-using Association rules (MLCR-AR).

Association rule mining is a method used to generate rules from crime dataset based on frequents occurrence of patterns to help the decision makers of our security society to make a prevention action.

One of the most popular algorithm are called Apriori and FP-growth Association rule mining classically intends at discovering association between items in a transactional database.

The Apriori algorithm called also as “Sequential Algorithm” developed by [Agrawal1994]. Is a great accomplishment in the history of mining association rules[Cheung1996c]. It is also the most well known association rules algorithm. This technique uses to perform association analyze on the attributes of crimes.


The MLCR proposed model The MLCR proposed model Cont… Cont…

B. Mining Libyan Criminal Record-using Clustering (MLCR-C).

This prototype will use the same dataset indicated in MLCR_AR prototype. But with Clustering Analysis.

Clustering is the technique that is used to group objects (crime and criminals) without having predefined specification for their attributes.

Clustering is unsupervised classification: no predefined classes. Simple K-means clustering algorithm is used in this work.

K-mean algorithm clusters the data members groups were m is predefined. Input-Crime type. Number of clusters, Number of Iteration Initial seeds might produce an important role in the final results. Step1: Randomly choose cluster centers. Step2: Assign instance to cluster based on their Distance to the cluster centers. Step3: Centers of clusters are adjusted. Step4: go to Step1 until convergence. Step5: output X0 ,X1,X2 ,X3.

Fig3: criminal age vs. crime type After applying K-means algorithm


ContentsContents AbstractAbstract. . Introduction.Introduction. Data Mining Models.Data Mining Models. Why Analyze Crime?Why Analyze Crime? Data Mining Task.Data Mining Task. Data Set.Data Set. The MLCR Proposed Model.The MLCR Proposed Model. ConclusionConclusion..


ConclusionConclusion Clustering and association rules were defined as a data mining techniques to

automatically retrieve, extract and evaluate information for knowledge discovery from crime data.

This information was collected from many police departments in Libya.

Association rules Mining is one of the data mining techniques for data to be used to identify the relationship and to generate rules from crime dataset based on frequents occurrence of patterns to help the decision makers of our security

society to make a prevention action.

Clustering is one of the data mining techniques also used to group objects (crime and criminals) without having predefined specification for their

attributes.

The algorithms such as K-means algorithm and Aproir algorithm are used in this paper.

Those algorithms were expressed in details and a comparative study were denoted in this paper.

A promising results were shown in the following figure.

Thank you !!!

using data mining techniques to analyze crime pattern

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