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USING ASA CITATION STYLE http://lib.trinity.edu/research/citi ng/asa%20style%20citations.pdf http://www.calstatela.edu/library/gu ides/3asa.pdf

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Page 1: USING ASA CITATION STYLE  20style% 20citations.pdf 20style% 20citations.pdf

USING ASA CITATION STYLE

http://lib.trinity.edu/research/citing/asa%20style%20citations.pdf

http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf

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Charlotte Perkins Gilman

The glory of our race is its power of communication. We share our strength and knowledge and rise as one; we share our failure and weakness and help each other bear it.“

Charlotte Perkins Gilman,"Our Place Today," 1891

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Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935)

Famous American family

Aunt Harriet Beecher Stowe: Wrote 30 books (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)

Aunt Isabella: Active in the women's suffrage movement

Henry Ward Beecher: Active in abolitionist movement

Catharine Beecher: Founded many schools for young women & was a prolific author

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Marriage and Motherhood

Born in 1860 Committed suicide in 1935 when

cancer prevented her from working

Father abandoned her & her mother Financial strain on them

Educated herself Married Charles Walter Stetson, a

painter They had a daughter

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Marriage and Motherhood

Post-partum depression Stay at home cure

Wrote The Yellow Wallpaper

Friendly divorce in 1894 Daughter lived with father

Married G. Houghton Gilman in 1900

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Other Relationships & Influences

Jane Addams: Both supported democracy & education for social improvement

Both rejected conflict & revolution for equality

Gillman disagreed with Addams’ focus on underprivileged & pathology

Gillman’s focus was all people in society

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Other Influences

George Bernard Shaw British Fabian Socialist

An upper middle-class intellectual group

Sought social improvement through:Education of a few powerful British

government officialsNot revolutionLead reforms from within government Work within the social structure rather than building a new one

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Sidney & Beatrice Webb

Gilman was influenced by Webbs’ writings on the economy

Webbs’ views on non-revolutionary change

They were also Fabian Socialists

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Gilman’s Ideas

Democracy & education for social reform Supported cooperative socialism

Emphasized education for all

Social reforms:Child-rearing professionalsMeal preparation professionals

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Gilman’s Ideas

Views on Gender: Three Themes1) Excellence of women’s values &

abilities

2) Belief in biological & evolutionary origin of women’s superior attributes

3) Socialist’s vision of political & social equality between men & women

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Gilman’s Views on Gender

Men & women born equalDifference is socially created

Overemphasize women as:MaternalSex objects

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Gilman’s Views on Gender

Society does not benefit from women’s other talents & qualities such as:

Cooperation Peacefulness

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Gilman’s Ideas

Reform Darwinism Social Darwinism combined:

Survival of the fittest with support for status quo, individualism, & capitalism

Reform Darwinism emphasized the evolution of cooperation and caring (not survival of fittest)

Cooperation is good for society & produces progress

Progress includes gender cooperation

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Gilman’s IdeasCultural Feminism

Historically women were equal or superior to men

Five stage theory of societal evolution1. Asexuality to sexuality (appearance of

males)

2. Males become superior in size & strength

3. Society changes from matriarchy to patriarchy

4. Monogamous mating

5. Eventually (future), women become free economically & socially

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Gilman’s IdeasSocialism:

Gillman agreed with Marx that work was basic

Women needed to be economically independent

More a critic of capitalism than proponent of socialism

Professionals should do parenting rather than amateurs

Food should be mass-produced in cooperative kitchens

Focus on collective & cooperative activity

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Gilman’s IdeasFunctionalism

Society is made of individual parts

Interrelated

Specialized functions

Society is based on cooperation

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Gilman’s Ideas Summary

Gillman wanted men & women to experience fulfillment

Possible to make society good Society was cooperative, evolutionary, & could be reformed

Supported women’s right to vote Writings encouraged people to change their behavior