ushc 1.6 analyze the development of the two-party system during the presidency of george washington,...
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Jefferson vs. Hamilton
USHC 1.6Analyze the development of the two-party system during the presidency of George Washington, including controversies over domestic and foreign policies and the regional interests of the Democratic-Republicans and the Federalists.
The Clash of the Cabinet
The President’s Cabinet
http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/cabinet
Washington’s Cabinet
NAME POSITION STATEThomas Jefferson Sec. of State VAAlexander Hamilton Sec. of Treasury NYHenry Knox Sec. of War MAEdmund Randolph Atty. General VA
FEDERALISTS The First Party System REPUBLICANSHAMILTONJohn Adams Leaders JEFFERSON
James Madison
Strong CENTRAL Gov. Federalism States’ Rights
LOOSE Construction Constitution STRICT Construction
YES Gov. Involvement in Economy NO
VERY YES National Bank NO
YES Protective Tariff NO
YES Federal Assumption of State War Debts NO
Urban (Commerce) Supporters Rural (Agrarian)
“Those who labor in the earth are the chosen people of God, if ever he had a chosen people, whose breasts he has made his peculiar deposit for substantial and genuine virtue. It is the focus in which he keeps alive that sacred fire, which otherwise might escape from the face of the earth.”
-- Notes on the State of Virginia
Agrarianism
The Jeffersonian Economic Model
CLICK HEREto read an excerpt from Jefferson’s Notes on the
State of Virginia.
RAW MATERIALS
FINISHED GOODS
AGRICULTURE
MANUFACTURING
Jefferson’s economic model depended on a laissez-faire policy of FREE TRADE between the U.S. and Europe.
US in
1789
Hamilton’s Proposals
Hamilton’s economic proposals pursued three goals:
1. Public Credit2. National Bank3. Domestic Manufacturing
Washington’s Farewell Address
WARNINGS AGAINST:
1. Political Partisanship2. Entangling Alliances
REPUBLICAN
The Election of 1796John Adams Thomas Jefferson
FEDERALIST
VS.
SECTIONALISM
18001796
Partisan Newspapers
National Gazette(Republican)
Gazette of the United States(Federalist)
old
QuerulousBald
BLIND
crippled
tOOTHLESS
Adams
The Griswold-Lyon Fight1798
The Alien and Sedition Acts1798
Federalists in Congress place restrictions on citizenship and POLITICAL SPEECH.
Was the Sedition Act constitutional?
From Amendment I:
RESERVED
Congress shall make no law… abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press…
Virginia and
Kentucky
ResolutionsMadison
Jefferson
Madison Jefferson
State legislatures can protest [and nullify] unconstitutional laws.
Kentucky ResolutionsIn questions of power, then, let no more be heard of confidence in man, but bind him down…by the chains of the Constitution.
Jeffersonto John Taylor of Caroline
“A little patience, and we shall see the reign of witches pass over, their spells dissolve, and the people, recovering their true sight, restore their government to its true principles.”
…and Congress, too!
1798 18000
5
10
15
20
25
Parties in the U.S. SenateSixth and Seventh Con-
gresses
Federalists
Republicans
1798 18000
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Parties in the U.S. HouseSixth and Seventh Con-
gresses
Federalists
Republicans