use of remote sensing and gis in agriculture and related disciplines dhammika dayawansa department...
TRANSCRIPT
Use of Remote Sensing and GIS in Agriculture and Related Disciplines
Dhammika DayawansaDepartment of Agricultural Engineering
Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Peradeniya
Geo-Informatics Education at University of Peradeniya
• Two postgraduate programmes– Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture - PGIA– Postgraduate Institute of Science – PGIS– Course on GIS and Remote Sensing for other postgraduate students – Applications in research
• Undergraduate programmes– Courses on remote sensing and GIS are offered for the undergraduates in
many faculties including Arts, Agriculture, Science and Engineering– Use of geo-informatics technology in undergraduate research
• Short term training programmes
Remote Sensing • acquisition of information of an object or a process, without
physical contact Remote Sensing data sources Satellite images Aerial photographs
Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
A system that captures, stores, analyzes, manages, and presents data that are linked to locations
Can relate different information in a spatial context
Geo-Informatics and agriculture
• Remote Sensing, GIS and allied disciplines can be used in– Assessment of crop area extent– Management of water resources– Identification of pest attacks and diseases– Yield assessment studies– Land suitability assessment for agriculture– Disaster management– Precision agriculture
Assessment of crop area extent
• Assessment of crop area extent is useful in yield forecasting, water and other input management
• Satellite images can be used to identify the crops using– Visual interpretation – Digital image interpretation – Expert classification techniques – knowledge based
classifier
Assessment of crop area extentPaddy areas in Mahaweli System C with different false colour composites (FCCs)
Paddy area extracted by visual interpretation of IRS LISS II images
Paddy area extracted by supervised classification of IRS LISS III image
Paddy area extracted by supervised classification of ASTER image
Use of suitable satellite sensor in identification of crop areas is important to improve the accuracy of the output
Management of water resources
• Identification and mapping of surface waterInfrared satellite images – Identification of surface water bodies
Inventory of water bodies, reservoir capacity calculation, identifying seasonal fluctuations of water levels
Water resources management with RS and GIS
• Irrigated lands assessment and inventory
• Calculation of water requirement of crops and subsequent water budgeting for command areas
• Assessment of water availability in rivers and reservoirs for optimal management to meet irrigation demand
• Based on empirical relations with surface area, shoreline length and volume or based on topographic features - Determine volume of water stored and change in the level with time
Water resources management with RS and GIS
- Delineation of water logged /saline areas
- Identification of aquatic vegetation associated with water logging
- Eutrophication and pollution monitoring
Assessment of crop yield and yield forecasting
Mostly based on vegetation indices such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) - By developing relationships between yield & other crop parameters eg: canopy cover biomass content
Identification of pest attacks and diseases
Based on changes in pigmentation chlorophyll content leaf orientation vegetative characteristics tillering, branching
Land suitability assessment for agriculture
• Land suitability for a given crop is based on – Soil characteristics– Existing land use– Climatic factors such as rainfall and temperature– Topography– Availability of transportation facilities and agricultural
labour– Availability of water sources for irrigation
Land suitability assessment for agriculture
• Land suitability can be assessed through the modeling capabilities available in GIS
Disaster management- Disaster forecasting eg: Floods, Droughts, Cyclones, Forest fires- Disaster affected area estimations eg: Flooded area Drought prone agricultural lands
Forest Fires
Precision agriculture
- To identify potential agricultural lands considering
* water availability * Soil salinity, fertility * Topography
- To identify fish resources in inland and marine aquaculture
Soil Fertility
Crop Health