usaid south sudan: conservation, land and natural resource

USAID South Sudan: Conservation, Land and Natural

Resource Management for Resilience, Conflict Mitigation, and Improved Livelihoods in the Boma-Badingilo Landscape South Sudan

1st Quarter FY19 (Oct – Dec 2018)

January 31, 2019

This publication was prepared for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Wildlife Conservation Society.

Conservation, Land and Natural Resource Management for Resilience, Conflict Mitigation, and Improved Livelihoods in the Boma-Badingilo Landscape South Sudan FY 2019 Q1 Progress Report (October 01 – December 31, 2018)

Report Type: Quarterly Cooperative Agreement Award No. 72066818CA00001 Period Ending: September, 2021 Prepared by Wildlife Conservation Society South Sudan Program WCS Headquarters Address 1200 Southern Boulevard Bronx, NY 10460 The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government

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Table of Contents

Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................ 4

Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 5 Key achievements (Qualitative Impact) .............................................................................. 5

Component One: Increased Capacity, Plans and Systems in Place to Sustainably Manage Land and Natural Resources and Mitigate Resource Based Conflict ....................................................... 5 Component Two: Effective, Participatory, and Broadly Supported Wildlife Conservation and Protected Area Management in Place ............................................................................................ 6 Component Three: Community resilience and improved livelihoods ............................................ 7 Component Four: Partnerships for Natural Resources Management and Community Resilience in the Boma-Badingilo Landscape ................................................................................................... 8

Cross Cutting Issues ......................................................................................................... 8

Gender ............................................................................................................................................ 8 Cultural sensitivity ........................................................................................................................... 8 Other ............................................................................................................................................... 9

Program Progress (Quantitative Impact) ............................................................................ 9

The target is set on zero as this will require engagement with Central Government which is not permitted under this grant. This shall be reviewed as needed and as directed by USAID. ............ 9

Project Administration ...................................................................................................... 10

I. KEY ACHIEVEMENTS (Qualitative Impact) ................................................................... 11 Component One: Increased Capacity, Plans and Systems in Place to Sustainably Manage Land and Natural Resources and Mitigate Resource Based Conflict ............................... 11

Result 1.1: Effective plans and capacity in place for Boma and Badingilo National Parks areas for protecting and managing wildlife, habitats, and conflict mitigation. ........................................... 11 Result 1.2: Communities in a set of priority areas in and around Boma and Badingilo parks and within connecting corridors have plans in place for sustainable land and natural resources management. ................................................................................................................................ 12 Result 1.3: Improved understanding of the links between livelihoods, wildlife and natural resource management around Boma and Badingilo parks. ......................................................... 12

Component Two: Effective, Participatory, and broadly Supported Wildlife Conservation and Protected Area Management in Place....................................................................... 13

Result 2.1: Secure wildlife and biodiversity in Boma and Badingilo parks and associated migratory corridors. ...................................................................................................................... 13 Result 2.2: Up to date information is available on wildlife populations and biodiversity in the landscape area informing adaptive management interventions. ................................................. 14

Component Three: Community resilience and improved livelihoods ................................ 15

Result 3.1: Increased Economic Resilience ................................................................................... 15 Result 3.2: Community based technical services are available to assist communities and households recover from and adapt to climate related shocks. .................................................. 16

Component Four: Partnerships for natural resources management and community resilience in the Boma-Badingilo landscape. .................................................................... 16

Result 4.1: Platform for coordinated sustainable development established and functioning effectively. ..................................................................................................................................... 16

Cross Cutting Issues ....................................................................................................... 17

Gender .......................................................................................................................................... 17 Cultural sensitivity ......................................................................................................................... 17 Other ............................................................................................................................................. 17

Environmental Compliance .............................................................................................. 18

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Lessons Learned ............................................................................................................. 18

II. PROGRAM PROGRESS (Quantitative Impact) ......................................................... 19 Standard Indicators ......................................................................................................... 19

No. hectares in areas of biological significance under improved management as a result of USG assistance. ..................................................................................................................................... 19 Number of people with increased economic benefits derived from sustainable natural resource management and conservation as a result of USG assistance. .................................................... 22 Number of people trained in sustainable natural resources management and/or biodiversity conservation as a result of USG assistance. .................................................................................. 22 This includes the total number of people trained on sustainable NRM under the project, including livelihoods trainings, ranger trainings, resource mapping trainings, conflict mitigation training, etc. .................................................................................................................................. 22 Number of laws, policies, or regulations that address biodiversity conservation and/or other environmental themes officially proposed, adopted, or implemented as a result of USG assistance. ..................................................................................................................................... 22 Number of people that apply improved conservation law enforcement practices as a result of USG assistance. ............................................................................................................................. 23

Custom Indicators ............................................................................................................ 24

Number of km. patrolled by wildlife forces and by aerial patrols. ............................................... 24 Number of coverage (ha.) of formal conservation-security partnerships in place with local communities. ................................................................................................................................ 25 Number of law enforcement results: segregated by arrests, confiscations and convictions. ...... 25

III. MONITORING .......................................................................................................... 27

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Acronyms and Abbreviations

ART Anyuak Recovery Trust BaNP Badingilo National Park BNP Boma National Park CBNRM Community Based Natural Resource Management CBO Community Based Organization CEPO Community Empowerment for Progress Organization CSO Civil Society Organization EMMP Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan FY Financial Year GEF Global Environment Facility GPS Global Positioning System (I)NGO (International) Non-Governmental Organization LEM Law Enforcement Monitoring LSGP Livelihoods Small Grants Program MWCT Ministry of Wildlife Conservation and Tourism NARD National Agency for Relief, Peace and Development NRM Natural Resource Management PDCO Peace and Development Collaborative Organization PMP Performance Monitoring Plan Qrt Quarter SSPDF South Sudan People Defense Force SSWS South Sudan National Wildlife Service UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization USAID United States Agency for International Development USG United States Government VSF Vétérinaires Sans Frontières WCS Wildlife Conservation Society

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Conservation, Land and Natural Resource Management for Resilience, Conflict Mitigation, and Improved Livelihoods in

the Boma-Badingilo Landscape South Sudan

Executive Summary

Key achievements (Qualitative Impact) This quarterly report covers the implementation of the new Boma-Badingilo Landscape (BBL) Program in Quarter 1 of FY19 (October 01, 2018 – December 31, 2018), under USAID-WCS cooperative agreement award No. 72066818CA00001. The armed conflict and political crisis that erupted on December 15, 2013 between forces loyal to the President Salva Kiir and former Vice-President Riek Machar has had a significant impact on security and development across the country. The conflict further expanded when serious conflict broke out in Juba in July 2016, (re)turning the country to widespread conflict, and subsequent insecurity, weakening of governance, breakdown of law and order, mass movement of internally displayed people and refugees, the collapse of the economy, and a reported death toll of an estimated 383,000 people. In September 2018, the Government of South Sudan and warring groups signed a peace agreement which should bring an end to the conflict and which gives hope that the political, security and hence operational situation in country will start to improve. This will hopefully provide new opportunities for peace, security and stability, and an accommodating environment to advance natural resource management and wildlife conservation, and associated activities, in the country. Within this context and with the signing of the Cooperative Agreement by USAID and WCS in August 2018, the implementation of the new USAID funded Boma-Badingilo Landscape Program commenced on October 1, 2018. The goal of the program is to ensure effective conservation of key wildlife species and habitat, improve security and mitigate conflicts, enhance sustainable and resilient livelihoods for local communities within the Boma-Badingilo Landscape, and build partnerships with other programs and initiatives to multiply positive impacts for people and wildlife. This is being achieved through the implementation of strategic activities and interventions under four Components, eight Results, and their associated Sub-Results as summarized for the reporting period below. Component One: Increased Capacity, Plans and Systems in Place to Sustainably Manage Land and Natural Resources and Mitigate Resource Based Conflict Result 1.1: Effective plans and capacity in place for Boma and Badingilo National Parks areas for protecting and managing wildlife, habitats, and conflict mitigation. Sub-Result 1.1.1: Boma National Park and Badingilo National Park Management Plans adopted and implementation enhanced. Activity will be initiated in FY20 or FY21 - i.e. once the political, security, and economic situation in South Sudan has improved. Sub-Result 1.1.2: Boma and Badingilo National Parks authorities have stronger capacity for effective management of Parks.

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WCS continued to provide technical support to and on-the-job training for the park authorities in Boma and Badingilo National Parks. WCS has started to conduct capacity assessments of the ranger forces in BNP and BaNP and is rolling out a Special Ranger Unit model to enhance law enforcement monitoring and impact. Existing training materials are being reviewed and updated as preparation to the wildlife ranger refresher trainings which are planned for Qrt2FY19. Result 1.2: Communities in a set of priority areas in and around Boma and Badingilo parks and within connecting corridors have plans in place for sustainable land and natural resources management. Sub-Result 1.2.1: Community and civil society groups supported and influence natural resource management. Development of the Community Natural Resource Management Groups Strategy started which will lay out the details of the activities of establishing six Community Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) Groups in Pochalla, Nyat, Itti, Lafon, Bala and Pibor, with “Wildlife for Peace" conflict resolution chapters embedded in the CBNRM Groups. Sub-Result 1.2.2: Community conservation-security partnerships supported, contributing to improved security for people and wildlife. Work on reviewing and updating the Community Conservation-Security Partnership Strategy started which lays out the details of the activities of strengthening and expanding community conservation-security partnership networks in Pochalla, Nyat, Itti, Lafon, Bala, and Pibor. Sub-Result 1.2.3: Designs and plans developed for a set of pilot community conservancies in strategic areas of the landscape to conserve wildlife, generate local community benefits, and develop conservancy model(s) for South Sudan. Nothing to report for this quarter: work will start in 2019. Result 1.3: Improved understanding of the links between livelihoods, wildlife and natural resource management around Boma and Badingilo parks. Sub-Result 1.3.1: Human-wildlife-natural resources dynamics knowledge deepened in landscape and integrated in planning. Nothing to report for this quarter: work will start in 2019. Sub-Result 1.3.2: Capacity of local actors in and tools for conflict mitigation expanded. Nothing to report for this quarter: work will start in 2019. Component Two: Effective, Participatory, and Broadly Supported Wildlife Conservation and Protected Area Management in Place Result 2.1: Secure wildlife and biodiversity in Boma and Badingilo parks and associated migratory corridors. Sub-Result 2.1.1: Wildlife law enforcement, anti-trafficking, and monitoring mechanisms are in place to halt poaching and trafficking in the landscape. WCS operates field sites in Nyat-BNP and Lafon-BaNP, plus has field staff in Bala-BaNP, and is currently recruiting to re-deploy staff in Pibor and Pochalla, to effectively support wildlife conservation and protection, and natural resource management. In Qrt1FY19 the Program continued to provide technical and operational support to the park authorities of BNP and BaNP, and the wildlife authorities responsible for wildlife corridors to conduct effective law enforcement monitoring within the BBL. In this quarter a total of 980 patrol kilometers (152 km by foot; 828 by vehicle) were covered, resulting in one arrest and

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the confiscation of bushmeat, logs, chain saws, and two killed eland antelopes. WCS also facilitated the transport of the ivory of an elephant killed in Nimule National Park to the National Ivory Store in Juba. To improve the effective and correct use of park assets, and to reduce any maintenance costs, WCS developed a Park Vehicle Use and Maintenance Agreement. The agreement, signed by WSC and SSWS, lays out that WCS will only provide fuel for and maintain the SSWS protected area vehicles as listed in Boma, Badingilo and Southern National Parks, and other protected areas, provided that the park vehicles are used and operated soundly according to specific terms and conditions. WCS is also working continuously to further advance transboundary collaboration with Ethiopia. Sub-Result 2.1.2: Anti-trafficking and legal support systems for detecting, convicting and sentencing poachers and traffickers are in place and monitored. The WCS-SSWS K9 anti-trafficking unit continued to operate at Juba International Airport and road check points in and around Juba. In Qrt1FY19, the K9 team searched 492 vehicles of which 3 were found to carry illegal wildlife products, and 164 airplanes of which 3 were found to carry bushmeat, totaling 86 kg. Sub-Result 2.1.3: Participatory conservation strategies for wildlife conservation are designed and adopted. Nothing to report for this quarter. Result 2.2: Up to date information is available on wildlife populations and biodiversity in the landscape area informing adaptive management interventions. Sub-Result 2.2.1: Applied research undertaken to inform conflict mitigation, land-use planning, wildlife law enforcement, protected area management, and adaptation/mitigation strategies. In Qrt1FY19, camera traps were deployed in BNP and BaNP, capturing pictures of various wildlife. Protocols are being developed and tested to standardize data collection through the use of camera trap deployment. Sub-Result 2.2.2: Awareness raising, communications, and neutral engagement with communities, community partners, SPLM/A, opposition forces and decision makers, and local government authorities to develop constituencies in support of wildlife protection, conservation and sustainable NRM, and peace. WCS undertook key conservation communication activities in Qrt1FY19, using different communication channels and tools. Those included the distribution of wildlife conservation awareness materials, i.e. anti-trafficking brochures and posters, and the K-9 Unit leaflet; use of social networking tools, including the WCS South Sudan Facebook page and the WCS South Sudan Twitter account; the printing and start of the distribution of the WCS 2019 Wildlife Conservation Awareness Calendar; and the dissemination of four conservation e-Cards; while two news articles on conservation in South Sudan appeared in the local (online) newspapers. Component Three: Community resilience and improved livelihoods Result 3.1: Increased Economic Resilience Sub-Result 3.1.1: Sustainable natural resource based livelihood enterprises are developed within target communities. Under the Boma-Jonglei-Equatoria Landscape Program, WCS developed and started the implementation of the Livelihood Small Grants Program (LSGP) in partnership with 4 South Sudan Civil Society Organizations (ART, CEPO, PDCO and NARD). In preparation of the continuation of the LSGP under the new BBL Program, WCS conducted an evaluation and

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assessment of the LSGP activities from 2011 through 2018, and started the standard WCS subrecipient capacity assessment procedure for the 4 potential partner Civil Society Organizations (CSOs). Result 3.2: Community based technical services are available to assist communities and households recover from and adapt to climate related shocks. Sub-Result 3.2.1: Climate change impacts on people and wildlife understood. Nothing to report for this quarter: work will start in 2019. Sub-Result 3.2.2: Climate change adaptation mechanisms are developed within target communities. Nothing to report for this quarter: work will start in 2019. Component Four: Partnerships for Natural Resources Management and Community Resilience in the Boma-Badingilo Landscape Result 4.1: Platform for coordinated sustainable development established and functioning effectively. Sub-Result 4.1.1: Actions and outcomes of humanitarian, development and conservation actors are mutually reinforcing contributing to conservation and conflict mitigation and enhancing community benefits. In Qrt1FY19, WCS started to map humanitarian and sustainable development partners operating in the Boma-Badingilo Landscape with the aim to explore whether it is useful to and whether there is a broadly felt demand to establish a formal Boma-Badingilo Landscape cluster group which meets at least quarterly to spatially plan and coordinate programming to optimize community livelihoods, development, conflict reduction, and conservation benefits and minimize negative impacts on biodiversity. As data is being collected, WCS already held meetings with Internews, UNDP, UNEP, UNESCO, EU, CRS, Denmark, Switzerland, The Netherlands, and VSF Swiss to explore potential areas of collaboration and/or funding. Unfortunately, progressing on this priority continues to remain extremely difficult as very few stakeholders are either implementing activities in the more remote places within the BBL, or foresee they will expand into those remote areas due to the operational, logistical and security challenges that that will entail. WCS would like to plead for USAID to play a facilitating role in assisting in bringing partners (particularly the USAID grantees) together to collaborate and coordinate to achieve synergetic impacts.

Cross Cutting Issues Gender The main burden of a degraded environment, insecurity, and reduced resilience to shocks falls upon women and girls. The Program is continuously and proactively striving to equal representation of women under all program activities, particularly the livelihood interventions, natural resource mapping and planning, and conflict mitigation. In the Work Plan and the PMP, for each activity, gender integration has been explicitly considered, and gender inclusiveness considerations are clearly spelled out. Where women’s participation and inclusiveness lags or falls behind, WCS will research the causes and develop and implement adaptive approaches to address the practical and/or cultural reasons for the gender imbalance. Cultural sensitivity Cultural sensitivity is a prominent requirement to successfully operate in South Sudan. WCS can build upon 10 years of experience of operating in South Sudan and WCS’s extensive

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operational experience, in-depth fact-based understanding of the cultural context, and the local grass-roots connection and approach of the WCS Program guarantees the cultural sensitivity that is required to achieve the goal of the Program. Other WCS is the leading wildlife conservation and natural resource management organization in South Sudan. WCS’s scientific approach, its experience in South Sudan, its broad stakeholder network, and the detailed databases and maps built up over the years, make WCS a resource organization that is often invited to contribute to broader discussions directly or indirectly linked to natural resource management. Also in Qrt1FY19 WCS took part in discussions and events to contribute and share its expertise during the National Inception Workshop – National Target Setting to Achieve Land Degradation Neutrality in South Sudan organized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security and UNEP; and the inception workshop of the GEF6 “Capacity Development in Reducing Illegal Wildlife Trade and Improving Protected Area Management Effectiveness in South Sudan” project, of which WCS will be one of the implementing partners, organized by the MWCT and UNEP.

Program Progress (Quantitative Impact) Referring to the Performance Monitoring Plan1, the below five USAID Standard Indicators and three Custom Indicators have been selected to assess overall program progress. No. hectares in areas of biological significance under improved management as a result of USG assistance (Standard Indicator). Progress: area under improved management is 4,050,000 hectares consolidated: Boma National Park: 1,800,000 ha; Achumu-Pochalla proposed community conservation area: 200,000 ha; Badingilo National Park + Badingilo NP extension 1,800,000 ha; and Lafon/Mangalla community conservation area 250,000 ha. Number of people with increased economic benefits derived from sustainable natural resource management and conservation as a result of USG assistance (Standard Indicator). The number of people who received direct economic and livelihood benefits from the program, i.e. direct and indirect employment with protected areas as result of the program, plus LSGP beneficiaries, in Qrt1FY19 are 55 women and 111 men (166 total), resulting in an overall total of 996 beneficiaries (i.e. average six persons per household). Note: the number of LSGP beneficiaries is zero in this quarter since the LSGP grants have not yet been released. Number of people trained in sustainable natural resources management and/or biodiversity conservation as a result of USG assistance (Standard Indicator). No trainings have taken place in Qrt1FY19. Number of laws, policies, or regulations that address biodiversity conservation and/or other environmental themes officially proposed, adopted, or implemented as a result of USG assistance (Standard Indicator). The target is set on zero as this will require engagement with Central Government which is not permitted under this grant. This shall be reviewed as needed and as directed by USAID.

1 The first draft of the PMP has been submitted to USAID on November 16; feedback from USAID is pending.

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Number of people that apply improved conservation law enforcement practices as a result of USG assistance (Standard Indicator).

The number of rangers who have gone patrolling and arrested wildlife law breakers, or seized guns, or wildlife products: 107 (0 W & 107 M); mainly wildlife rangers in BNP and BaNP.

The number of other (non-SSWS) law enforcement actors, e.g. National Security, Police, Aviation Authorities, who have arrested wildlife law breakers, or seized guns, or wildlife products: 0 (0 W & 0 M)

The number of community members or members from our anti-poaching/anti-trafficking network who have reported incidences of poaching, trafficking, habitat destruction, etc.: 0 (0 W & 0 M)

The number of wildlife and natural resource crime related judicial court cases: 0. Number of km. patrolled by wildlife forces and hours coverage by aerial patrols (Custom Indicator). Wildlife forces covered an estimated total of 980 km on both foot and vehicle patrols predominantly in and around BaNP and BNP. No aerial reconnaissance patrol and surveys were conducted. Number of coverage (ha.) of formal conservation-security partnerships in place with local communities (Custom Indicator). Five conservation-security partnerships, each 50,000 ha, in Pochalla, Nyat, Itti, Lafon, and Bala. Number of law enforcement results: arrests, confiscations and convictions (Custom Indicator). Arrests: 9; Confiscations: 158 kg of bushmeat, plus 2 dead elands, 2 chain saws, two ivory tusks weighing 21.4 kg; Convictions: 0

Project Administration In Qrt1FY19 the following BBL program documents have been developed by WCS and shared with USAID for input and approval:

FY19 Workplan WCS_BBL_WorkPlan_FY19_ fnl.xlsx, and WCS_BBL_WorkPlan_FY19_Narrative_fnl.docx Status: finalized and approved by USAID on November 28.

Performance Monitoring Plan (PMP) WCS_BBL_PMP__V16Nov2018.docx Status: first draft submitted to USAID on November 16.

Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) WCS_BBL_EMMP_28Nov2018.docx Status: reviewed draft submitted to USAID on December 13.

Branding Strategy and Marking Plan WCS_BBL_Branding_Plan_V10Dec2018.docx Status: first draft submitted to USAID on December 10.

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I. KEY ACHIEVEMENTS (Qualitative Impact) This quarterly report covers the implementation of the Boma-Badingilo Landscape (BBL) Program in Quarter 1 of FY19 (October 01, 2018 – December 31, 2018), under USAID-WCS cooperative agreement award No. 72066818CA00001. The armed conflict and political crisis that erupted on December 15, 2013 between forces loyal to the President Salva Kiir and former Vice-President Riek Machar has had a significant impact on security and development across the country. The conflict further expanded when serious conflict broke out in Juba in July 2016, (re)turning the country to widespread conflict, and subsequent insecurity, weakening of governance, breakdown of law and order, mass movement of internally displayed people and refugees, the collapse of the economy, and a reported death toll of an estimated 383,000 people. In September 2018, the Government of South Sudan and warring groups signed a peace agreement which should bring an end to the conflict and which gives hope that the political, security and hence operational situation in country will start to improve. This will hopefully provide new opportunities for peace, security and stability, and an accommodating environment to advance natural resource management and wildlife conservation, and associated activities, in the country. Within this context and with the signing of the Cooperative Agreement by USAID and WCS in August 2018, the implementation of the new USAID funded Boma-Badingilo Landscape Program commenced on October 1, 2018. The goal of the program is to ensure effective conservation of key wildlife species and habitat, improve security and mitigate conflicts, enhance sustainable and resilient livelihoods for local communities within the Boma-Bandingilo Landscape, and build partnerships with other programs and initiatives to multiply positive impacts for people and wildlife. This is being achieved through the implementation of strategic activities and interventions under four Components, eight Results, and their associated Sub-Results as elaborated for the reporting period below.

Component One: Increased Capacity, Plans and Systems in Place to Sustainably Manage Land and Natural Resources and Mitigate Resource Based Conflict Approach: The Boma-Badingilo Landscape Program will undertake capacity building, for Program Components 1-3 in particular, through dialogue, awareness raising, engagement, training, active support and mentoring, strengthening, and where needed newly build, institutional capacity of local communities, local CSOs/CBOs, and local authorities at grassroots level for wildlife protection and anti-trafficking, full chain intelligence led law enforcement on the landscape and national level, protected area and community conservation area management, sustainable land-use planning, conflict mitigation, and natural resource management. The Program will engage with stakeholders (e.g. local communities, civil society, private sector – including extractives industries, funding partners), encourage dialogue, and facilitate and support the development, and where possible implementation, of sustainable land-use plans and management systems for key protected areas, community conservation areas, and integrated natural resource management areas in the landscape, reducing conflict and improving resilience and stability. Result 1.1: Effective plans and capacity in place for Boma and Badingilo National Parks areas for protecting and managing wildlife, habitats, and conflict mitigation.

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Sub-Result 1.1.1: Boma National Park and Badingilo National Park Management Plans adopted and implementation enhanced. Activity will be initiated in FY20 or FY21 - i.e. once the political, security, and economic situation in South Sudan has improved. Sub-Result 1.1.2: Boma and Badingilo National Parks authorities have stronger capacity for effective management of Parks. WCS continued to provide technical support to and on the job training for the park authorities in Boma and Badingilo National Parks. The number of rangers formally deployed in the BNP (i.e. on the payroll) is around 240 and in BaNP that number is 78, while the actual rangers present at their duty station is substantially lower: 75-90 in BNP and 30-35 in BaNP. To ensure a higher ‘return of investment’, WCS has started to conduct capacity (re) assessments of the ranger forces in BNP and BaNP to select a smaller group of ‘high potential’ rangers to work with. WCS will focus its support of trainings and provision of supplies on this so called Special Ranger Units to boost their effectiveness, performance and morale, and as such to enhance law enforcement monitoring and impact in BNP and BaNP. Further in this quarter, existing training materials are being reviewed and updated as preparation to the wildlife ranger refresher trainings which are planned for Qrt2FY19. Result 1.2: Communities in a set of priority areas in and around Boma and Badingilo parks and within connecting corridors have plans in place for sustainable land and natural resources management.

Sub-Result 1.2.1: Community and civil society groups supported and influence natural resource management. Work on the development of the Community Natural Resource Management Groups Strategy started in Qrt1FY19. This Strategy will lay out the details of the activities for the establishment of six Community Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) Groups in Pochalla, Nyat, Itti, Lafon, Bala and Pibor, with “Wildlife for Peace" conflict resolution chapters embedded in the CBNRM Groups. Once established, the CBNRM Groups will engage in community-led participatory natural resource mapping, land-use zoning and planning in their areas, identifying and engaging on local and landscape wide NRM topics and issues. Sub-Result 1.2.2: Community conservation-security partnerships supported, contributing to improved security for people and wildlife. Work on reviewing and updating the Community Conservation-Security Partnership Strategy started in Qrt1FY19. This Strategy lays out the details of the activities of strengthening and expanding community conservation-security partnership networks in Pochalla, Nyat, Itti, Lafon, Bala, and Pibor. The conservation-security partnerships engage on sustained dialogue and collaboration between key stakeholder of the conservation-security partnerships, i.e. park management, wildlife rangers, local authorities, police, SSPDF and communities. Sub-Result 1.2.3: Designs and plans developed for a set of pilot community conservancies in strategic areas of the landscape to conserve wildlife, generate local community benefits, and develop conservancy model(s) for South Sudan. No activities in the current period: work will start in 2019. Result 1.3: Improved understanding of the links between livelihoods, wildlife and natural resource management around Boma and Badingilo parks.

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Sub-Result 1.3.1: Human-wildlife-natural resources dynamics knowledge deepened in landscape and integrated in planning. No activities in the current period: work will start in 2019. Sub-Result 1.3.2: Capacity of local actors in and tools for conflict mitigation expanded. No activities in the current period: work will start in 2019.

Component Two: Effective, Participatory, and broadly Supported Wildlife Conservation and Protected Area Management in Place Approach: The Boma-Badingilo Landscape Program will improve protection of wildlife, mitigate conflicts and improve security through enhancing effective protected area and corridor management, community based conservation, and community conservation-security partnerships, conserving and protecting key conservation targets including elephant populations, the great antelope migrations, other key vulnerable species, and the vast savannas, wetlands, and forests of the landscape. Result 2.1: Secure wildlife and biodiversity in Boma and Badingilo parks and associated migratory corridors. Sub-Result 2.1.1: Wildlife law enforcement, anti-trafficking, and monitoring mechanisms are in place to halt poaching and trafficking in the landscape. WCS operates field sites in Nyat-BNP and Lafon-BaNP, plus has field staff in Bala-BaNP, and is currently recruiting to re-deploy staff in Pibor and Pochalla, to effectively support wildlife conservation and protection, and natural resource management. In Qrt1FY19 the Program continued to provide technical and operational support to the Park Authorities of BNP and BaNP, and the wildlife authorities responsible for wildlife corridors (areas outside protected areas important for wildlife) to conduct effective law enforcement monitoring within the BBL. These efforts focus on monitoring wildlife and other natural resources and security, prevent and, where needed, address and respond to wildlife crimes or insecurity threats (such as banditry), and engaging with local resident’ and pastoralist’ communities, local authorities and other stakeholders on wildlife conservation. Priority patrol sites and areas are being selected based on strategic knowledge resulting from systematic monitoring and mapping of wildlife and human activities, with real-time updates through patrolling, information shared by communities, State and local authorities, and ad hoc aerial recces. Patrol data collection, submission and databasing processes have been updated and further standardized, collecting weekly and biweekly updates on law enforcement activities. This will reduce errors, and improve our data and data collection. In Qrt1FY19 a total of 980 patrol kilometers (152 km by foot; 828 by vehicle) were covered, resulting in the following law enforcement results: To improve the effective and correct use of park assets, and to reduce any maintenance costs, WCS developed a Park Vehicle Use and Maintenance Agreement. The agreement, signed by WSC and SSWS in December, lays out that WCS will only provide fuel for and maintain the SSWS protected area vehicles in Boma, Badingilo and Southern National Parks, and other protected areas, provided that the park vehicles are used and operated soundly according to specific terms and conditions. Sub-Result 2.1.2: Anti-trafficking and legal support systems for detecting, convicting and sentencing poachers and traffickers are in place and monitored. The WCS-SSWS K9 anti-trafficking unit, established in 2016, continued to operate at Juba

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International Airport and road check point in and around Juba. The K9 team’s work includes detecting hidden contraband in passengers’ luggage’ including ivory, bushmeat, pangolin meat and scales, and weapons (arms and ammunitions). In Qrt1FY19, the K9 team searched 492 vehicles (i.e. cars, busses, trucks and motorbikes) of which 3 were found to carry illegal wildlife products, and 164 airplanes of which 3 were found to carry illegal wildlife products: i.e. a total of 86 kg of bushmeat. Sub-Result 2.1.3: Participatory conservation strategies for wildlife conservation are designed and adopted. No activities in the current period. Result 2.2: Up to date information is available on wildlife populations and biodiversity in the landscape area informing adaptive management interventions. Sub-Result 2.2.1: Applied research undertaken to inform conflict mitigation, land-use planning, wildlife law enforcement, protected area management, and adaptation/mitigation strategies. In Qrt1FY19, camera traps were deployed in BNP and BaNP, capturing pictures of various wildlife (deliverable 1). Protocols are being developed and tested to standardize data collection through the use of camera trap deployment. Sub-Result 2.2.2: Awareness raising, communications, and neutral engagement with communities, community partners, SPLM/A, opposition forces and decision makers, and local government authorities to develop constituencies in support of wildlife protection, conservation and sustainable NRM, and peace. WCS continued to undertake key conservation communication activities in Quarter 1 of FY19, using different communication channels and tools, to continue to create general conservation awareness and to continue the promote wildlife conservation and natural resource management as a critical prerequisite for current and future sustainable development of the country. Throughout the period under review, WCS continued to distribute wildlife conservation awareness materials, i.e. anti-trafficking brochures and posters, and the K-9 Unit leaflet at appropriate events, occasions and engagements. WCS has continued to use its social networking tools, including the WCS South Sudan Facebook page (www.facebook.com/wcs.southsudan: over 2,200 followers), launched in May 2013. WCS has also continued to use its Twitter account, @WCSSouthSudan (over 1,100 followers) to disseminate conservation messages and information. In Q1FY19 2,000 copies of the 2019 Wildlife Conservation Awareness Calendar were printed, with the theme camera trap pictures of South Sudan wildlife (deliverable 2), and dissemination started in November, and will continue into Qrt2FY19. Recipients include national, state and local government authorities and institutions, (I)NGO’s, CSOs, funding partners, private sector stakeholders, schools, and community representatives. In Q1FY19, WCS produced and disseminated four e-Cards: for World Migratory Bird Day (October), Thanksgiving Day (November), Happy Holidays; and Happy New Year (both December), see selected deliverables 3-6. The E-cards communicate various components of the work of WCS in South Sudan, and South Sudan’s biodiversity. The e-Cards were electronically distributed to over 1,400 online recipients.

http://www.facebook.com/wcs.southsudan

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WCS has requested permission from USAID to broadcast the 30 conservation awareness radio messages, developed and subsequently broadcasted under the BJEL Program in FY17 and FY18, but USAID has informed WCS to hold on for now.

Wildlife conservation media coverage of the program in Qrt1FY19

Q1FY19

For the multiple Facebook and Twitter messages, see www.facebook.com/wcs.southsudan and twitter.com/wcssouthsudan. Facebook and Twitter messaging includes both messages specific on South Sudan, and on conservation and natural resource management in a wider context.

November 7, 2018: Juba Monitor – “Bring Ugandan ivory trafficker to Juba for trial” (Deliverable 7)

November 7, 2018: Juba Monitor – “Anti-poaching campaign launched in Jonglei”

November 23, 2018: Radio Tamazuj – “Citizens around Boma Park urged to protect wildlife”, https://radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/citizens-around-boma-park-urged-to-protect-wildlife

Component Three: Community resilience and improved livelihoods Approach: The Boma-Badingilo Landscape Program will improve security, conservation, and natural resource management by enhancing economic opportunities through development of diversified sustainable livelihoods opportunities for local communities, design of climate change adaptation and mitigation tools, and securing future ecotourism development opportunities. Result 3.1: Increased Economic Resilience Sub-Result 3.1.1: Sustainable natural resource based livelihood enterprises are developed within target communities. Under the Boma-Jonglei-Equatoria Landscape Program, WCS developed and started the implementation of the Livelihood Small Grants Program (LSGP). The LSGP engages local communities on conservation and natural resource management, sustainable livelihoods as alternatives for engaging on illegal, unsustainable and/or conflict generating activities, information gathering on wildlife and/or human conflicts and conflict mitigation. The program has been implemented in partnership with 4 South Sudan Civil Society Organizations: Anyuak Recovery Trust (ART) implementing the LSGP since FY11 among the Anyuak ethnic communities residing in Pochalla, north-eastern of BNP; Community Empowerment for Progress Organization (CEPO), working since FY11 in Gemeiza, Mangalla, and Lirya areas among the Mundari, Bari and Lokoya ethnic groups residing along the western boundary of BaNP; Peace and Development Collaborative Organization (PDCO), working since FY15 among the Pari ethnic communities residing in Lafon County, south-east of BaNP; and Open Source Development Initiative (OSDI), working since FY16 among the Murle, Jie, and Kachipo ethnic communities residing in Jebel Boma County on the eastern boundary of BNP. In preparation of the continuation of the LSGP under the new BBL Program, WCS conducted an “Evaluation and Assessment of USAID-WCS Livelihoods Small Grant Program Activities Implemented by CSO partners in the Boma-Jonglei-Equatoria Landscape from 2011 through 2018” to assess the impacts of the implemented LSGP livelihoods activities, and to formulate lessons-learned, recommendations and ways forward for the next cycle of LSGP sub-awards (Deliverable 8: Evaluation and Assessment Report). Further, in Qrt1 WCS shared with the 4 potential partner CSOs the “WCS Subrecipient Operations Questionnaire”. This questionnaire serves to provide WCS with the information to assess the capacity of the potential subrecipients that ensures that they have the minimum

http://www.facebook.com/wcs.southsudan

https://radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/citizens-around-boma-park-urged-to-protect-wildlife

https://radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/citizens-around-boma-park-urged-to-protect-wildlife

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organizational systems in place to effectively manage and implement (LSGP) subawards. The feedback of the questionnaires will reviewed by WCS in Qrt2FY19. Result 3.2: Community based technical services are available to assist communities and households recover from and adapt to climate related shocks.

Sub-Result 3.2.1: Climate change impacts on people and wildlife understood. No activities in the current period: work will start in 2019. Sub-Result 3.2.2: Climate change adaptation mechanisms are developed within target communities. No activities in the current period: work will start in 2019.

Component Four: Partnerships for natural resources management and community resilience in the Boma-Badingilo landscape. Approach: the Boma-Bandingilo Landscape Program will design and lead a process for establishing and facilitating the functioning of an effective coordination and collaboration structure for key humanitarian and development partners operating in the landscape or whose engagement in the landscape would have added value for people and wildlife. Partnerships will be cultivated with and between (I)NGOs, UN agencies, CSOs, CBOs, private sector – including extractive industries, and local authorities and communities. This will have a multiplier effect and effectively harness synergies and target efforts for sustainable development in the landscape.

Result 4.1: Platform for coordinated sustainable development established and functioning effectively.

Sub-Result 4.1.1: Actions and outcomes of humanitarian, development and conservation actors are mutually reinforcing contributing to conservation and conflict mitigation and enhancing community benefits. In Qrt1FY19, WCS started to map humanitarian and sustainable development partners operating in the Boma-Badingilo Landscape with the aim to explore whether it is useful to and whether there is a broadly felt demand to establish a formal Boma-Badingilo Landscape cluster group which meets at least quarterly to spatially plan and coordinate programming to optimize community livelihoods, development, conflict reduction, and conservation benefits and minimize negative impacts on biodiversity. As data is being collected, WCS already held meetings with various stakeholders to explore potential areas of collaboration and/or funding: In general the interest of partners to work together is there but very few actually operate in the BBL. Though some run operations in main towns in the BBL, such as Pibor or Torit, very few are either implementing activities in the more remote places within the BBL, nor foresee they will expand into those remote areas due to the operational, logistical and security challenges that that will entail.

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Cross Cutting Issues

Gender The main burden of a degraded environment, insecurity, and reduced resilience to shocks falls upon women and girls. In a society that directly relies on the local environment for its survival in combination with their traditional roles of managing the day-to-day affairs of the household, they are the first ones who feel the consequences of dwindling natural resources such as water, fertile soils, construction materials, wild foods and medicines, and fuel wood. As such, they are the “frontline” for any management strategy that seeks to ensure sustainable and equitable natural resource use, to improve community resilience, and to resolve and mitigate conflict. Considering the central role of women in resource consumption and working with them to adapt existing practices presents a significant opportunity for positive change. The Program is therefore continuously and proactively striving to equal representation of women under all program activities, particularly the livelihood interventions, natural resource mapping and planning, and conflict mitigation. In the Work Plan and the PMP, for each activity, gender integration has been explicitly considered, and gender inclusiveness considerations have been clearly spelled out. Where women’s participation and inclusiveness lags or falls behind, WCS will research the causes and develop and implement adaptive approaches to address the practical and/or cultural reasons for the gender imbalance. Cultural sensitivity Cultural sensitivity is a prominent requirement to successfully operate in South Sudan. WCS can build upon 10 years of experience of operating in South Sudan and in ensuring engagement with all ethnic groups within the landscape, and inclusiveness of all groups within in program activities. WCS has field bases/sites in Boma and Badingilo National Parks, as well as staff permanently deployed in Pibor and Pochalla. The majority of the WCS field staff have been recruited from local ethnic groups and communities and therefore have a thorough understanding of the local cultures and context. The socio-economic surveys conducted by WCS in the Boma areas and Badingilo areas have provided WCS with a thorough understanding of the cultural dynamics. This combination of extensive operational experience, in-depth fact-based understanding of the cultural context, and the local grass-roots connection and approach of the WCS Program guarantees the cultural sensitivity that is required to achieve the goal of the Program. Other WCS is the leading wildlife conservation and natural resource management organization in South Sudan. WCS’ scientific approach, its experience in South Sudan, its broad stakeholder network, and the detailed databases and maps built up over the years, make WCS a resource organization that is often invited to contribute to broader discussions directly or indirectly linked to natural resource management. Also in Qrt1FY19 WCS took part in discussions and events to contribute and share its expertise: On November 21, WCS attended the opening of the National Inception Workshop – National Target Setting to Achieve Land Degradation Neutrality in South Sudan organized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security and UNEP, as part of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). On December 5, WCS participated in the inception workshop of the GEF6 “Capacity Development in Reducing Illegal Wildlife Trade and Improving Protected Area Management Effectiveness in South Sudan” project in Juba. Organized by the MWCT and UNEP. WCS is the implementing partners of “Component 3: Wildlife Protection Initiative in the Sudd Ecosystem” of this project, anticipated to start in the second half of 2019.

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Environmental Compliance In FY19Qrt1 the draft BBL Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) for the project has been developed by WCS and submitted to USAID. Following feedback from USAID, the EMMP has been reviewed and resubmitted to USAID on December 13.

Lessons Learned Over the years WCS has developed an in-depth understanding of the conservation and natural resource management operational context in South Sudan. While some of the challenges and resulting lessons-learned one faces while operating in a country like South Sudan have in essence not changed much over the years, the renewed and worse than ever conflict that broke out in July 2016 and which spread to large parts of the country, have certainly made the challenges more formidable. With the signing of the new peace agreement, there is some hope for new opportunities for peace, security and stability, and an accommodating environment to advance natural resource management and wildlife conservation, and associated activities, in the country, though this will at best take substantial time to materialize.

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II. PROGRAM PROGRESS (Quantitative Impact) The BBL PMP was designed and adopted in Qrt1FY19 which is being implemented to track project performance towards achieving targets and the objectives. Five USAID Standard Indicators and three Custom Indicator are employed with defined targets have been selected to assess overall program progress. The below tables present the progressive quantitative impact of those indicators since the start of the BBL Program.

Standard Indicators No. hectares in areas of biological significance under improved management as a result of USG assistance. Improved management is defined as beginning with completion of Phase 2. Phases: Phase 1 surveys completed informing development of management strategy; Phase 2 preliminary management strategy designed; Phase 3 management plan developed and implemented; Phase 4 monitoring and adaptive management. Table 1

Baseline by start of BBL Program

(Qrt1FY19) Target end of FY19 Achieved Qrt1FY19 Achieved Qrt2FY19 Achieved Qrt3FY19 Achieved Qrt4Y19

Cumulative achievement FY19

4,050,000 ha 4,050,000 ha consolidated

4,050,000 ha consolidated

4,050,000 ha consolidated

Comments: The 4,050,000 ha covers Boma National Park, Achumu-Pochalla proposed community conservation area, Badingilo National Park + Badingilo NP extension, and the Lafon/Mangalla community conservation area (conservancy): see Table 2, and Figure 1.

Table 2

Summary of the cumulative events under the 2008-2018 Boma-Jonglei-Equatoria Landscape Program, and achieved phases (from the BJEL Program Report).

Location Cumulative events/descriptions Hectares and

Phase

Boma National Park

Boma NP management plan draft developed. Design of draft zoning plan for park and peripheral areas completed. Park extensions identified and proposed to link with Ethiopia conservation areas. Analyses completed of socio-economic surveys in the BNP region and integrated in management planning process along with ecological data. Technical and practical support to BNP law enforcement field operations, community extension program expanded, and infrastructure development furthered. Strategic prioritization of locations for headquarters building and ranger posts in key areas in Park and migrations corridors agreed. Infrastructure plans and contracting process completed and construction completed for the headquarters building and the first ranger post at Churi. Official opening of Boma HQ building on 8 March 2012. Construction completed of HQ garage, workshop and ablution block (April 2013), and

1,800,000

Phase III

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materials in place to work on new ranger post (Kassangor). Boma Park operations have been suspended May-August 2013 due to the DYY-SPLA armed conflict. The WCS operations base and Park HQ were looted by DYY and then SPLA. WCS re-established its operational presence in Q1FY14 with the Ministry and restarted operations. Despite the current war WCS continues to maintain presence at Boma Park, and moved back to its Nyat base on 10 Nov 2014. WCS scaled up its activities in FY16, and re-installed a VSAT in Nyat in March 2016. BNP HQ infrastructures and Churi ranger post renovation work commenced in April 2016. Nyat field site perimeter fence enhanced with barbed wire in Qrt 3 and 4 of FY17; two boreholes repaired in Qrt4.

Achumu-Pochalla proposed community conservation area (conservancy)

Aerial and socio-economic surveys conducted, key corridors/areas for wildlife identified, consultations with local stakeholders initiated, and local leaders’ participation in study visit to Northern Rangeland Trust conservancies in Kenya, strategy for conservancy development being developed.

200,000 Phase II

Badingilo National Park + Badingilo NP extension

Badingilo NP participatory management planning process and draft 2016-2025 management plan completed in 2015 has set out strategic intervention goals (reflected in five management programs: ecological, security, operations, tourism and community), as well as the activities through which to achieve these goals. Park extension areas identified and designed. Work with MWCT to formally engage with external factors affecting management of Park. Technical and practical support to Badingilo Park law enforcement field operations. Socio-economic surveys completed, and the draft technical report under review. Strategic prioritization of locations for headquarters building and ranger posts in key areas in Park and migrations corridors agreed. Infrastructure plans and contracting process completed and construction of the headquarters building and the first ranger post at Gerikidi completed. Official opening of headquarters building on 6 July 2011 and WCS base at HQ operational. At the end of July, construction of the ranger administration/ operations post and MWCT/WCS operations base was completed at sites close to Lafon for management of the southern and eastern sectors and the construction of garage at the Bala Pools HQ was completed in June 2013. In addition, a security fence and platforms for tents and generator were completed for Badingilo HQ at Bala Pools. During the armed conflict of Dec 2013 and January 2014 the Park HQ area was subject to extreme insecurity and some minor looting occurred. Since February that HQ has been secured by WCS staff in the area. The MIWC appointed a new Park Warden for Badingilo National Park in November 2014. However, Lt. Col. Zachariah tended his resignation as the Park Warden for Badingilo in Feb 2015 and Captain Samuel Kenyi was assigned by the ministry as the acting Park Warden of Badingilo. Brigadier Jackson Miyang was appointed by the Director General of South Sudan National Wildlife Service in August 2015 as the new Park Warden of Badingilo National Park. While in Lafon (eastern sector of Badingilo Park): 1 borehole drilled in Atondi ranger post and another 1 in the WCS operations camp. Erection of security fence completed. 1 office tent and 8 accommodation tents erected. Generator installed. A VSAT was installed in Lafon in Feb 2016. Some looting by SPLA-iO troops of the WCS field base in Lafon in August 2016 though area was retaken by SPLA within a week. Renovation of BaNP HQ in Bala and the Gerikidi ranger post completed in Q3FY16; 1 borehole drilled; formal and unanimous agreement of the proposed extension and Management Plan in Q1FY17 which will translate in the start of consultations with relevant States’ and local communities stakeholders ‘in the field’ in 2017. Badingilo Park operations temporarily suspended in August 2017 due one week occupation of Lafon, including WCS field site, by SPLA-iO; site looted to some extent.

1,800,00 (incl. proposed new limits of PA)

Phase III

Lafon/Mangalla community conservation area (conservancy)

Aerial and socio-economic surveys conducted, key corridors for wildlife identified, consultations with local stakeholders initiated, local leaders’ participation in study visit to Northern Rangeland Trust conservancies in Kenya, strategy for conservancy developmen t being developed.

250,000 Phase II

Zeraf Wildlife Reserve, Meshra, and Shambe Park

Systematic aerial survey of wildlife, livestock, and human activity undertaken of Zeraf, Shambe, Meshra and surrounding Sudd region. Socio-economic surveys initiated along with surveys on status of the endangered Nile lechwe. Ongoing GPS/satellite collaring to monitor and protect elephants in the region.

Est. 800,000 Phase I

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Corridors

Refinement of identification of key corridors through analyses of data from collared migratory species, aerial surveys, and socio-economic surveys. Badingilo NP management planning process and draft 2016-2025 management plan has outlined a zoning plan and interventions for key corridor areas under immediate threat, including the tiang corridor north of Bor, the Juba-Bor road corridor, the Pibor and Pochalla corridors, and the Kassangor area. Due to the conflict in Jonglei we have not been able to expand phase II improved management activities on the ground in these critical corridors to the west of Boma and north of Badingilo.

Est. 2,200,000 Phase I

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Number of people with increased economic benefits derived from sustainable natural resource management and conservation as a result of USG assistance. This captures direct employment as result of program (i.e. permanent and casual staff); plus Small Grants Livelihoods Program (LSGP) beneficiaries. Each beneficiary represents a household (average 6 individuals/household) from local communities. Table 3




4,500 annually of which 30% are

women

4,800 annually of which 35% are

women

996* of which 33% are women*

996 of which 33% are women

Comments: *Resulting from 166 direct beneficiaries through employment; 0 through the LSGP (not yet started).

Number of people trained in sustainable natural resources management and/or biodiversity conservation as a result of USG assistance. This includes the total number of people trained on sustainable NRM under the project, including livelihoods trainings, ranger trainings, resource mapping trainings, conflict mitigation training, etc. Table 4




1,000 annually of which 30% were

women

1,000 annually of which 50% were

women

0* of which 0% are women


Comments: *No trainings in Qrt1FY19.

Number of laws, policies, or regulations that address biodiversity conservation and/or other environmental themes officially proposed, adopted, or implemented as a result of USG assistance. Target set on zero for as this would require engagement with Central Government, currently not permitted under this grant. This shall be reviewed as needed and as directed by USAID.

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Number of people that apply improved conservation law enforcement practices as a result of USG assistance.

o The number of rangers who have gone patrolling and arrested wildlife law breakers, or seized guns, or wildlife products.

o The number of other (non-SSWS) law enforcement actors, e.g. National Security, Police, Aviation Authorities, who have arrested wildlife law breakers, or seized guns, or wildlife products.

o The number of community members or members from our anti-poaching/anti-trafficking network who have reported incidences of poaching, trafficking, habitat destruction, etc.

o The number of wildlife and natural resource crime related judicial court cases2.

Table 5




The number of rangers who have gone patrolling and arrested wildlife law breakers, or seized guns, or wildlife products

300 annually of which 10% are

women

Consolidate.

Note that gender balance of Park

rangers is not under WCS’ influence.

107 of which 0% are women*


The number of other (non-SSWS) law enforcement actors, e.g. National Security, Police, Aviation Authorities, who have arrested wildlife law breakers, or seized guns, or wildlife products.

No records 10 of which 10% women

Note that gender balance of law

enforcement actors is not under WCS’

influence.



The number of community members or members from our anti-poaching/anti-trafficking network who have reported incidences of poaching, trafficking, habitat destruction, etc.

2 As the number of involved judges, prosecutors, local (traditional) judicial authorities etc per case (proceedings) various, we have changed this Specific Indicator from “The number

of judicial officers (e.g. judges, prosecutors, local (traditional) judicial authorities) who have been engaged in wildlife and natural resource crime related court cases” to “The number of wildlife and natural resource crime related judicial court cases”.

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30 annually of which 10% are

women


0 of which 0% are women**


The number of wildlife and natural resource crime related judicial court cases.

5 annually 10 0 0

Comments:

*: Actual number could be substantially higher but we only count here the number of rangers for which we have evidence (MOVs) for their activities. The number is expected to increase as we invest in improving ranger reporting as part of the activities under Sub-Result 2.1.1.

**: This number will increase in Qrt2FY19 and onwards as we roll out the Program field activities.

Custom Indicators Number of km. patrolled by wildlife forces and by aerial patrols. Table 6

Baseline by start of BBL Program (Qrt1FY19)

Target end of FY19 Achieved Qrt1FY19 Achieved Qrt2FY19 Achieved Qrt3FY19 Achieved Qrt4Y19 Cumulative

achievement FY19

Since start of conflict in 2013 varying between 10,000 and 20,000 km ground patrols (by

foot and/or patrol vehicle), and between 0 and 27,000

km aerial.

Ground patrols: 10,000 km

Aerial patrols: 5,000 km

Ground patrols: 980 km (152 km by foot; 828 by

vehicle)

Aerial patrols: 0 km

Ground patrols: 980 km (152 km by foot; 828 by

vehicle)

Aerial patrols: 0 km

Comments: -

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Number of coverage (ha.) of formal conservation-security partnerships in place with local communities. This captures the creation and reach of influence/action of established conservation-security partnerships. Spatial data coverage will indicate geographic extent based on formal and informal information exchange and engagement of members in dealing with conflict/insecurity incidents. Table 7




5 conservation-security partnerships; each 50,000 ha: in Pochalla, Nyat, Itti, Lafon, Bala

6 conservation-security partnerships; each 50,000 ha: in Pochalla, Nyat, Itti, Lafon, Bala, and Pibor.

5 consolidated 5 consolidated

Comments: -

Number of law enforcement results: segregated by arrests, confiscations and convictions. Table 8




Number of arrests

30 arrests annually 30 arrests 9 arrests 9 arrests

Confiscations: bushmeat in kilograms, plus other noteworthy seizures

2,900 kg of bushmeat annually

3,000 kg of bushmeat

158 kg of bushmeat

Plus 2 dead elands, 2 chain saws, two

158 kg of bushmeat

Plus 2 dead elands, 2 chain saws, two

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ivory tusks weighing 21.4 kg.

ivory tusks weighing 21.4 kg.

Convictions

5 convictions annually

5 convictions 0 convictions 0 convictions

Comments: -

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III. MONITORING

Project implementation is being monitored through implementation of the BBL Performance Monitoring Plan (version from December 2018) which links directly to the BBL FY19 Work Plan. Progress towards the implementation of the work plan is being monitored by senior management of the WCS South Sudan as program activities are planned and implemented, while relevant Means of Verification (MOVs) are systematically collated and filed in the M&E database. In addition to this monitoring of program implementation progress, the program also monitors and collect data on ecological, socio-economic, land cover, conflict, land-use, and wildlife law enforcement indicators in the landscape which are captured in various (GIS) databases. The program employs adaptive management strategy development processes, using collected M&E data vis-a-vis current and emerging threats in the landscape, to plan and prioritize program activities and management interventions.

usaid south sudan: conservation, land and natural resource

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