usability trumps accessibility
TRANSCRIPT
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Usability TrumpsAccessibility
While Compliance is the most expensive,
least effective solution: Separate &
Unequal systems
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Outline
Legal & Administrative Provisions
Procurement Requirements & Tools
Why is this a big deal?
Why this is a big deal
Content is King Usability is Queen
Not an IT/IS Problem; Stakeholders Marginal Cost is Negligible if
Usability Bonus Dwarfs all costs
Validation & Remediation
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Legal Requirements
TheFlorida Accessible Electronic &
Information Technology Act of 2006
became law on July 1, 2006Chapter 282, Part III, Sections 282.601-282.606,F.S.
Section 60EE-1.1-004, F.A.C.,Florida
Accessible Electronic & Information
Technology Rules, Implementing the FA-eIT
Chapter 282, Part III, Sections 282.601-282.606,F.S.
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Scope of Requirements
Major Categories of Disabilities Visual
blindness, low vision, color-blindness
Hearing deafness
Motor inability to use a mouse, slow response time, limited fine
motor control Cognitive
learning disabilities, distractibility, inability to rememberor focus on large amounts of information
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Legal Requirements
The Americans with Disabilities Act(1990 - see 28 C.F.R. Part 35)
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act
Assistive Technology Act of 1998
Telecommunications Act of 1996 Section 251 as amended 2000
Section 255 as amended 2002
Florida Accessible Electronic & InformationTechnology Act of 2006
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The Americans with Disabilities Act(1990 - see 28 C.F.R. Part 35)
Dept of Justice ruling (9/9/96): ADA
accessibility requirements apply to Internet web pages(10NDLR 240)
Central issues focus on:
Effective Communication and
Public Accommodation.Covered entities under the ADA are required to provide effective communication,
regardless of whether they generally communicate through telecommunication devices, printmedia, audio media, or computerized media such as the Internet. Covered entities that use theInternet for communications regarding their programs, goods, or services must be preparedto offer those communications through accessible means as well.- Department of Justice
Legal Requirements: ADA
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Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act This section requires the Federal government to procure electronic
and information technology (E&IT) goods and services that are not
fully accessible to those with disabilities.
Provides the legislative language and standards for the design of
accessible electronic information technology. (effective: June 21,
2001)
Section 508 is important because: It provides the first federal accessibility standard for the Internet.
It provides compliance language that can be automated and monitored at
a distance.
State governments can be held accountable under the Assistive
Technology Act of 1998.
Businesses must comply with Section 508 when supplying Electronic
and Information Technology goods and services to the federal
government.
Legal Requirements: 508
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Section 508 Accessible Electronic &
Information Technology Standards
Subpart B - Technical Standards
Software, web apps, computers, etc.
Subpart C - Functional Performance Criteria By type of impairment, e.g. vision and hearing
Subpart D - Information, Documentation, &Support Includes product support and product support services
in alternative formats and modes
Legal Reqs: 508 Subparts
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Florida Accessible Electronic &
Information Technology Act of 2006 Became law July 1, 2006
Creates part III of Section 282, F.S. (HB 1503, SB 2012)
Applies to the executive, legislative and judicial branches of state
government
Tracks Section 508 federal language
Allows the state to use the body of federal law and related
interpretations in regard to the administration of this Act. Requires agencies to use Section 508 1194 standards forprocuring,
developing, and maintaining A-eIT
Applies to competitive solicitations issuedand new systems
developed after July 1, 2006
Legal Requirements: FA-eIT
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Procurement Guidance
BuyAccessible.gov http://www.buyaccessible.gov/
See the Buy Accessible Wizard for your procurementactivities - http://app.buyaccessible.gov/baw/
Sample U.S. Agency Usability Contracts -http://www.usability.gov/sows/index.html
Federal Communications Commission:
Disability Rights Office(resource for Telecommunication/VoIP accessibility)http://www.fcc.gov/cgb/dro
http://www.buyaccessible.gov/http://app.buyaccessible.gov/baw/http://www.usability.gov/sows/index.htmlhttp://www.fcc.gov/cgb/drohttp://www.fcc.gov/cgb/drohttp://www.usability.gov/sows/index.htmlhttp://app.buyaccessible.gov/baw/http://www.buyaccessible.gov/ -
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Procurement Tool: VPAT
Product Category 1194.21 1194.22 1194.23 1194.24 1194.25 1194.26
A/V Equipment as identified in the Standards O
Copiers (not multi-function document imaging - see
Note 1) O
Digital Copiers O=PC Soft
O=Web
Interface O
Scanners O=PC Soft
Smart Card Readers O=PC Soft
Operating Systems, Application Software O
Websites O
Printers O=PC Soft O
Handhelds O=PC Soft O
Personal Computers (Desktop, Notebook, Portable,
including displays) O O=Tuner O
Servers and Workstations O O
Fax machines (public line or via the Internet) O=PC Soft O O
PBX (in-house electronic exchanger) O=TAPI O
Telephone answering machines O
Telecommunications devices (wired, analog and
digital wireless, Internet) O=PC Soft
O=Web
Interface O
Information Technology Industry Council
Volunteer Product Accessibility Template (VPAT)
O = Applies - PC Soft is the application software bundle - "TAPI" is the Telephony Application Programming Interface -
"Web Interface" refers to browser applications - "Tuner" refers to a television tuner/receiver. Note 1: If a product provides the equivalent
functionality of a combination of the products listed above, all relevant standards apply. Source: ITIC
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Legal Practical Actual
Compliance does not equal Accessibility Necessary but not Sufficient
Auditors game
Accessibility does not equal Usability Necessary but not Sufficient
Stakeholders game
Usability does not equal Political Needs Massive positive ROI (public interest serving) Requires patience, determination, deliberateness,
& sustained commitment
Not optimistic: completely out of character
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Why Is This a Big Deal?
Whos Job is it Anyway? Its the Organization, Not the Technology Where is the priority?
Where is the money?
Where is the focus?
What are the instructions?
It is wildly expensive to remediate It is negligibly costly to anticipate
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Why This is a Big Deal
Workers are more efficient Managers are more effective Customers are more satisfied
The Price:Proper Project Planning & Management
Realism derived from
Stakeholder Involvement Professional management
Resources adequate to the task(s)
We are temporarily able bodied
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All you able bodied people here
just need to realize:
You are only temporarily
able bodied.
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Usability Stakeholders
Workers & Customers Persons with disabilities are a subset of both
stakeholders
Persons with Disabilities requirements aresatisfied with Usability
Where Usability: Logical structure,
succinctly delineated,
concisely navigated,
crisply executed
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Workers Rights
Workers with Disabilities are Special Principle not yet understood of a Property
Interest in our jobs, a constitutional right
Poor usability renders the fundamentallycompetent and earnest, hard working,
ambitious (often the most knowledgeable &
experienced): ineffective, frustrated, &dependent
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Welfare for Customers
Customers are rendered dependent Fundamentally Paternalistic
Entire Regulated Public is disabled when
Engaging the Regulatory System
Technology can Mediate between the Naive
User (Customer) & the Expert Regulator
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V&R vs. Usability
Validation & Remediation is Labor intensive
Tools are helpful but not lights out
Domain Expertise is essential Requires Business/Process Owners
Workflow/Process efficiency
Usability has to be the Objective Workers & Customers alike Benefit
Efficiencies yield a huge profit
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Professional Management
IT needs to employ workflow that demands
usability over expedience
Not naive, but do you want it right or right
now? (PeopleFirst & Aspire) The key to career success: only working on
3 year projects for 2 years
We know how to professionally manage, just
need to be allowed to do it
Its the Key to ROI
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Example 1
Visually impaired worker with a grotesquelyinefficient application
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Example 2
Knowledge management applied to regulatory(licensing) portal
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Laws & Standards Addendum
The following 12 slides summarize the majorapplicable Laws pertaining to Accessibility
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The Americans with Disabilities Act(1990 - see 28 C.F.R. Part 35)
Dept of Justice ruling (9/9/96): ADA
accessibility requirements apply to Internet web pages(10NDLR 240)
Central issues focus on:
Effective Communication and
Public Accommodation.Covered entities under the ADA are required to provide effective communication,
regardless of whether they generally communicate through telecommunication devices, printmedia, audio media, or computerized media such as the Internet. Covered entities that use theInternet for communications regarding their programs, goods, or services must be preparedto offer those communications through accessible means as well.- Department of Justice
Laws & Standards Addendum 1.
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Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act It was the first civil rights legislation in the United States designed to protect
individuals with disabilities from discrimination based on their disability
status.
The nondiscrimination requirements of the law apply to employers and
organizations that receive federal financial assistance. This statute was
intended to prevent intentional or unintentional discrimination based on a
person's disability.
The message of this section is concise; Section 504, 29 U.S.C.794, states:
No otherwise qualified individual with a disability in the United States...
shall, solely by reason of her or his disability, be excluded fromparticipation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to
discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial
assistance.
Laws & Standards Addendum 2.
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Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act This section requires the Federal government to procure electronic
and information technology (E&IT) goods and services that are not
fully accessible to those with disabilities.
Provides the legislative language and standards for the design of
accessible electronic information technology. (effective: June 21,
2001)
Section 508 is important because: It provides the first federal accessibility standard for the Internet.
It provides compliance language that can be automated and monitored at
a distance.
State governments can be held accountable under the Assistive
Technology Act of 1998.
Businesses must comply with Section 508 when supplying Electronic
and Information Technology goods and services to the federal
government.
Laws & Standards Addendum 3.
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Assistive Technology Act of 1998
Section 101(e)(3) of the Assistive Technology Act of
1998 (AT Act) requires that States receiving AT Actfunds must also comply with Section 508 and the
standards. To gain access to this funding, each state must
assure the federal government they will implement all
conditions of Section 508 within their state entities
(including higher education).
WebAim, 2004; ITTATC, 2005
Laws & Standards Addendum 4.
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Telecommunications Act of 1996 Section 251 as amended 2000
47 CFR 6.1 6.23, & 47 CFR 7.1 7.23 Manufacturers
and providers of voicemail and interactive menuservices and products are reminded of their obligations
to take the appropriate measures to ensure that their
products and services are accessible to and usable by
persons with disabilities.
Laws & Standards Addendum 5.
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Telecommunications Act of 1996 Section 255 as amended 2002
This was the first product design law to attempt to
drive the market to create accessible products. 36 CFR 1193.37 "Information Pass-Through" requires
telecommunications equipment and customer premises
equipment to pass through codes, translation protocols, formats
or other information necessary to provide telecommunications
in an accessible format.
36 CFR 1193.39 "Prohibited Reduction of Accessibility,
Usability and Compatibility" and provides that no change shall
be undertaken which decreases or has the effect of decreasing
the net accessibility, usability, and compatibility of
telecommunications equipment or customer premises
equipment.
Laws & Standards Addendum 6.
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Florida Accessible Electronic &Information Technology Act of 2006 Became law July 1, 2006
Legislation was one of the recommendations of the
A-eIT Task Force
Creates part III of Section 282, F.S. (HB 1503, SB 2012)
Applies to the executive, legislative and judicial branches of state
government
Tracks Section 508 federal language Requires agencies to use Section 508 1194 standards for procuring,
developing, and maintaining A-eIT
Laws & Standards Addendum 7.
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Florida Accessible Electronic &Information Technology Act of 2006 Requires the Department of Management Services to
work with stakeholders to create administrative rules.
Provides for undue burden and exemptions similar toSection 508 at the federal level Undue burden:
Follows Section 508 federal standards requiring documentation
Requires provision of alternate access to information and data thatprovides equivalent use
Exemptions include:
Department of Military Affairs and the FL National Guard
Criminal Intelligence Activities
Contractor EIT acquired incidental to a state contract
Laws & Standards Addendum 8.
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Florida Accessible Electronic &Information Technology Act of 2006 Applies to competitive solicitations issued and new
systems developed after July 1, 2006 Allows the state to use the body of federal law and related
interpretations in regard to the administration of this Act.
Laws & Standards Addendum 9.
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Section 508 Accessible Electronic &Information Technology Standards
Subpart B -- Technical Standards
1194.21 Software applications and operating systems. 1194.22 Web-based intranet and internet information
and applications. 16 rules.
1194.23 Telecommunications products.
1194.24 Video and multimedia products. 1194.25 Self contained, closed products.
1194.26 Desktop and portable computers.
Laws & Standards Addendum 10.
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Section 508 Accessible Electronic &Information Technology Standards
Subpart C -- Functional Performance Criteria
1194.31 Functional performance criteria. People with visual impairments
People who are deaf or hard-of-hearing
People with speech impairments
People with motor impairments
Laws & Standards Addendum 11.
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Section 508 Accessible Electronic &Information Technology Standards
Subpart D -- Information, Documentation, and
Support 1194.41 Information, documentation, and support.
Product support in alternate formats
Descriptions of accessibility and compatibility features in
alternate formats Product support services in alternate communications modes
Laws & Standards Addendum 12.