u.s. space-based positioning, navigation, and timing program and policy update location asia 2007...

U.S. Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing

Program and Policy Update

Location Asia 2007Kowloon, Hong Kong

September 13-14, 2007

Michael Shaw, DirectorU.S. National Coordination Office for

Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT)

2Location Asia 2007, Hong Kong, 13-14 Sep 07

Introduction

• Like the Internet, GPS has become a critical component of the global information infrastructure – Scalable applications enabling broad new capabilities – Facilitating innovations in efficiency, safety,

environmental, public security, and science

• Over the past decade, GPS has grown into a global utility providing space-based positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) – Consistent, predictable, dependable policy and

performance– Augmentations improve performance even further


Overview

• Current GPS Program and

Augmentations

• Modernization Plans

• National Space-Based PNT Policy

• International Cooperation

• Summary


Current Constellation

• 15 Block II/IIA satellites operational

• 12 Block IIR satellites operational– Modernizing 5 remaining Block IIR

satellites

• 3 Block IIR-M satellites operational– Transmitting new second civil signal (L2C)

• Continuously assessing constellation health to determine launch need– New IIR-M satellite launched – Nov 06

– Next launch: Sep 07

• Global GPS civil service performance commitment met continuously since 1993

30 Operational Satellites (Baseline Constellation: 24)

30 Operational Satellites (Baseline Constellation: 24)


GPS constellation –Delivering excellent performance


International Augmentations

Differential GPS Networks

International GNSS Service Global Differential GPS System

Space-Based Augmentation Systems


GPS Modernization

• System-wide improvements in:

– Accuracy

– Availability

– Integrity

– Reliability

• Backward compatibility

• Robustness against interference

• Improved indoor, mobile, and urban use

• Interoperability with other GNSS constellations


GPS III Satellites

• Next-generation satellite needed to accommodate increasing power requirements– Development approach to reduce risk, increase flexibility

– Separate contracts for space and ground segments

– Acquisition processes for control segment /satellite are underway

• OCX Request for Proposal Released; contract award projected for Oct 07

• GPS IIIA Request for Proposal Released; contract award projected for Jan 08

• Civil benefits– Provides operational capability for second (L2C) and third (L5) civil

signals

• In combination with GPS IIR-M and IIF satellites

– Delivers L1C for interoperability with Galileo

– Significant increase in system accuracy

– Improved availability of accuracy with integrity


Modernized GPS – Civil Signals

• Second civil signal (“L2C”)– Designed to meet commercial needs

• Higher accuracy through ionospheric correction

• Higher effective power and improved data structure reduce interference, speed up signal acquisition, enable miniaturization of receivers, may enable indoor use

– Began with GPS Block IIR-M in Sep 2005; 24 satellites: ~2014

• Third civil signal (“L5”)– Designed to meet demanding requirements for transportation safety (safety-of-life)

• Uses highly protected Aeronautical Radio Navigation Service (ARNS) band

– Begins with GPS Block IIF

– First launch: ~2008; 24 satellites: ~2016

• Fourth civil signal (“L1C”)– Designed with international partners to enable GNSS interoperability

– Begins with GPS Block III

– First launch: ~2013; 24 satellites: ~2021


GPS Operational Control Segment (OCS) Modernization

• Transitioning to new ground segment/system

• Architecture Evolution Plan (AEP) migrates OCS from

mainframe to distributed architecture

– Provides two new control stations

• New Module at Schriever AFB; New Alternate MCS (AMCS) at Vandenberg AFB

• AEP provides flexibility to incorporate future requirements

– Command and control for IIF (1st launch scheduled for 2008)

• Modernization impacts every element of OCS architecture


United States Policy History

• 1983: President Reagan offers free civilian access to GPS

• 1996: President Clinton issues first U.S. GPS policy

– Designates GPS a dual-use system under joint civil/military management

• 1997: Congress passes law requiring civil GPS to be provided free of direct user fees

• 2004: President Bush issues U.S. policy on space-based PNT


2004 U.S. Space-Based PNT Policy

• Recognizes the changing international scene– Other nations implementing space-based systems

that provide PNT services

• National Space-Based PNT Executive Committee– Chaired by Deputy Secretaries of Defense and

Transportation

– Membership includes: State, Commerce, Homeland Security, JCS and NASA

• Established National Coordination Office (NCO) a with staff from each member agency

Updated policy retains 1996 principles


National Space-Based PNT Organizational Structure

WHITE HOUSEWHITE HOUSE

NATIONALSPACE-BASED PNT

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Co-Chairs: Defense, Transportation

NATIONALSPACE-BASED PNT

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Co-Chairs: Defense, Transportation

ADVISORYBOARD

Sponsor: NASA

ADVISORYBOARD

Sponsor: NASA

DefenseDefense

TransportationTransportation

StateState

CommerceCommerce

Homeland SecurityHomeland Security

Joint Chiefs of StaffJoint Chiefs of Staff

NASANASA

NATIONAL COORDINATION

OFFICE

Host: Commerce

NATIONAL COORDINATION

OFFICE

Host: Commerce


National Coordination Office (NCO)

• Facilitates information sharing, coordination, and issue resolution regarding space-based PNT across all Departments

• Evaluates plans to modernize U.S. space-based PNT infrastructure

• Conducts or oversees space-based PNT studies, analyses, and projects that have broad U.S. Government participation

• Represents Executive Committee in discussion with federal, state, local, and international governments


Advisory Board

• Conducts assessments, makes recommendations to accomplish national policy goals and objectives

• Twenty-four members; 6 international members• First meeting held March 2007• Next meeting scheduled for October 2007


U.S. International Cooperation

• Provide civil GPS and augmentations free of direct user fees on a continuous, worldwide basis

• Seek to ensure international systems are interoperable, or at a minimum, are compatible, with civil GPS and augmentations

• Improve performance of civil GPS and augmentations to meet or exceed that of international systems

• Provide open, free access to information needed to develop equipment

• Encourage international development of PNT systems based on GPS

Outlined in 2004 U.S. National Policy on Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT)


Bilateral GPS Cooperation

• U.S.-Japan: Policy and technical consultations on GPS cooperation since 1996– QZSS augmentation to be compatible, interoperable with GPS

• U.S.-EU: GPS-Galileo Cooperation Agreement since 2004– July 2007 accord on improved civil signal (MBOC)

• U.S.-India: Policy and technical consultations on GPS cooperation since 2005 – Joint Statement on GNSS Cooperation, February 2007 – Research into ionospheric distortion/solutions

• U.S.-Russia: negotiating GPS-GLONASS Cooperation Agreement since 2005 – Discussing greater interoperability of civil GPS-GLONASS

signals• U.S.-Australia: Joint Delegation Statement on Civil

GPS cooperation signed April 2007– Developing enhanced mechanisms for notification of GPS

satellite operational changes


International Committee on GNSS (ICG)

• Emerged from 3rd UNISPACE Conference held in 1999

• Promote GNSS use, particularly in developing countries

• Encourage compatibility and interoperability among global and regional systems

• Unique mix of GNSS providers (US, EU, Russia, Japan, China, India) and international user groups

– Focal point for international information exchange

• First meeting held in Vienna in November 2006

– Agreed on terms of reference, work plan, and concept of “GNSS Providers Forum” to address common issues

• 4- 7 September 2007 in Bangalore, India


Web-based Information

• PNT.gov established to disseminate information on the U.S. National Executive Committee – Information on the U.S. National Policy, Exec

Committee membership, the Advisory Board, and frequently asked questions

– Recent public presentations to include this presentation

• GPS.gov established to disseminate information on GPS applications– Brochure on GPS applications also available in

hardcopy upon request– Contains additional links to various other websites


Summary

• GPS performance is getting better and continuing to improve– Augmentations enable high performance today

– Second new GPS signal now available

– Additional improvements will continue in the future

• U.S. Space-Based PNT Policy continues to provide stability and transparency for users and industry

– Encourages/promotes worldwide use of civil GPS and augmentations

• U.S. Govt management structure for GPS and augmentations is stronger and more active

– Many policy implementation actions in progress

• International cooperation is a U.S. priority


Contact Information

Michael E. ShawDirector

U.S. National Coordination Office for Space-Based PNT

14th and Constitution Ave, N.W.Washington, D.C. 20230

Ph: (202) 482-5809 Fax: (202) [email protected]

u.s. space-based positioning, navigation, and timing program and policy update location asia 2007...

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